资源简介

(共76张PPT)
Ⅰ.常用词汇
核心词汇
1.severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的
2.subscribe vi. 认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
3.suspect vt.& vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任
n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
4.blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责
n. 责备；指责
5.handle n. 把手；拉手；柄
vt. 处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)；(用手)触碰
6.link n. 联系；纽带
vt. 把……连接起来；相关联
7.decrease n. 减少；降低；减少量
vt.& vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
8.transform vt. 使改观；使改变形态
vi. 改变；转变
9.thinking n. 思想；思维；见解
10.finding n. 发现；调查结果；(法律)判决
11.initial adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的
12.solid adj. 可靠的；固体的；坚实的
n. 固体
13.cast vt.(cast，cast)　 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷
14.shadow n. 阴影；影子；背光处
15.pour vt. 倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)
16.leadership n. 领导；领导地位；领导才能
17.trace vt. 追溯；追踪；查出
n. 痕迹；遗迹；踪迹
18.outstanding adj. 优秀的；杰出的；明显的
19.abstract adj. 抽象的；理论上的
n. (文献等的)摘要
20.concept n. 概念；观念
21.besides prep. 除……之外(还)
adv. 而且；此外
22.furthermore adv. 此外；再者
23.fault n. 弱点；过错
24.shift n. 改变；转换；轮班
vi.& vt. 转移；挪动；转向
25.contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的
26.household n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人
27.raw adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的
1.dehydration n. 脱水
2.germ n. 微生物；细菌；病菌
3.pump n. 泵；抽水机；打气筒
4.water pump 水泵
5.statistic n.[pl.-s] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学
阅读词汇
6.epidemiology n. 流行病学
7.microscope n. 显微镜
8.protein n. 蛋白质
9.cell n. 细胞；小房间；单间牢房
10.virus n. 病毒
11.framework n. 框架；结构
12.theoretical framework 理论框架
13.rainbow n. 彩虹
14.concrete n. 混凝土
adj. 混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
15.plasma n. 血浆
16.vaccine n. 疫苗
17.aerospace n. 航空航天工业
18.patriotic adj. 爱国的
19.mechanical adj. 机械的；发动机的；机器的
20.aviation n. 航空制造业；航空；飞行
21.jet n. 喷气式飞机
22.missile n. 导弹
23.astronomer n. 天文学家
24.astronomy n. 天文学
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
动词变形
1.frustrate vt.使懊恼；使沮丧→frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustration n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败
2.infect vt.使感染；传染→infection n.感染；传染→infectious adj.感染的；传染的
3.prove vt.证明 linking v.证明是→proof n.证据；证明；检验
4.multiply vi.& vt.乘；繁殖→multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的
5.intervene vi.干扰；介入→intervention n.介入；出面；干涉
6.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defence n.防御；保卫；保护
7.assist vt.& vi.帮助；协助→assistant n.助理；助手→assistance n.帮助；协助；援助
名词变形
1.gift n.礼物；天赋→gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的
2.substance n.物质；物品；事实基础；根据→substantial adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的
3.mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工→mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→mechanically adv.机械地
形容词变形
1.pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purely adv.完全地；纯粹地→purify vt.净化；使……洁净
2.steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.稳定地；持续地
3.vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividly adv.生动地；逼真地；鲜明地
核心词根词缀 -ance是名词后缀，通常加在动词后，构成抽象名词，含义为 “动作、过程、状态、性质或结果”，表示与原动词相关的行为、情况或特征。如：
①acceptance 接受；认可　②assistance 帮助；协助　③distance 距离；间距　④importance 重要性　⑤resistance 抵抗；反抗　⑥tolerance 容忍；宽容　⑦performance 表演；表现　⑧reliance 依赖；依靠 ⑨appearance 出现；外貌　⑩maintenance 维护；保养
Ⅲ.重点短语
1.come down with　　　 　 患(病)；染上(小病)
2.break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
3.subscribe to 同意；赞同；订阅
4.get down to doing 开始(认真)做
5.get a better understanding of 更好地了解
6.dream of/about 梦想；梦见
7.have a great impact on 对……有很大影响
8.once and for all 最终地；彻底地
9.thanks to 幸亏；由于
10.what is more 而且
11.in general 一般来说
12.in charge of 主管；掌管
13.over the course of 在……过程中
14.above all 最重要的是；尤其是
15.be willing to do sth 愿意做某事
16.be traced back to 追溯到
17.attend to 关怀；照料；处理
Ⅳ.教材句式
1.句式：until引导时间状语从句
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome.
在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
2.句式：that引导的宾语从句
Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。
3.句式：It seemed that...似乎……
It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。
4.句式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
因此，他让人拆下了泵的手柄，使其无法使用。
5.句式：形容词短语作状语
Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair，unable to move and using a computer to talk.
大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹，只能通过电脑来说话的样子。
核心考点
1.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.指责；责备
(1)be to blame (for sth)　 　　　　　 (对某事)负有责任，应受责备
blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人
blame sth on sb/sth 把某事归咎于某人/某事
(2)take the blame 承担过错
put/lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
[基础巩固]　单句语法填空
①Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction.This time，human activity will be ________ (blame).
②Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame __the alarm clock.
[能力提升]　完成语段
③当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。
When getting along with others，we shouldn't always______________________.After all，many times_________________.So instead of _____________，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.(人际交往)
to blame
on
blame others for mistakes
we are also to blame
blaming others
2.decrease n.减少；降低；减少量vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
(1)a decrease in sth　 某方面的减少/下降
on the decrease 正在下降；正在减少
(2)decrease (from...) to... (从……)减少到……
decrease in... 在……方面下降/减少
decrease by... 减少了……
[基础巩固]　单句语法填空
①Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease __sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.(2025·全国二卷)
②But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease _____130，000 __around 10，000，it also meant less food for the cats.
[能力提升]　一句多译
③由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数量正在减少。(社会热点)
→Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals______________.
(decrease n.)
→Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals___________.
(decrease v.)
in
from
to
is on the decrease
is decreasing
3.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解 (defence/defense n.防御；保卫；保护)
(1)defend...against/from (doing...) 保护……免受……
defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护
(2)in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one's defence 为某人辩护
[基础巩固]　单句语法填空
①The law allows people to defend themselves __________a charge.
②The assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if __defence.
from/against
in
[能力提升]　一句多译
③看到那条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(动作描写)
→Seeing the fierce snake，__________________________________.(defend)
→Seeing the fierce snake，_____________________________________.(defence)
he rushed to defend his son like an arrow
he rushed in defence of his son like an arrow
4.transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变(transformation n.改变；变革)
transform...into...　 把……转变成……
be transformed from...into... 由……变成……
[基础巩固]　单句语法填空
①More recently，as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes ____paintings and sculptures.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②Both men made dramatic _____________(transform) to their lives in order to reconnect with nature.
into
transformations
[能力提升]　完成句子
③最后，在最激动人心的部分，音乐以一个柔和的转折和一个苦乐参半的音符结束，告诉我们这对恋人如何变成蝴蝶飞走并永远在一起。
Finally，during the most exciting part，the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note，telling us __________________________________and fly away to be together forever.
how the couple transform into butterflies
5.above all 最重要的是；首先；尤其是
after all　　　 毕竟；终究
first of all 首先；第一
all in all 整体说来；总而言之
in all 全部；合计
at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
[基础巩固]　用all的相关短语填空
①The university I recommend to you is Beijing Language and Culture University.________
___________ ，you'd better learn some basic Chinese before you come._______ ，you will be under completely unfamiliar circumstances.________ ，studying for a degree in a different culture is not easy_____.(推荐信)
[能力提升]　完成句子
②多亏你及时且慷慨的帮助，我成功地解决了全部的四个问题。
Thanks to your timely and generous help，____________________________________.
First of
all/Above all
After all
All in all
at all
I managed to handle the four problems in all
6.until引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]　Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome.
在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
(1)“not...until...”意为“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句；
(2)在“not...until...”句型结构中，可以把not until提到句首，此时主句用部分倒装语序；
(3)“not...until...”句型的强调句式为“It is/was not until...that...”。
[基础巩固]　句式升级
①She didn't make an apology to her roommate for her rude behavior until her teacher criticized her.
→______________________________________________________________ for her rude behavior.(倒装句)
Not until her teacher criticized her did she make an apology to her roommate
[能力提升]　一句多译
②直到我经历了这场事故，我才意识到坏运气或许是正在等待开启的门。(主旨升华)
→I ______________bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened _______________
___________.(not...until...)
→____________________________________________ bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened.(倒装句)
→___________________________________________________ bad fortune might be the door waiting to be opened.(强调句)
wasn't aware that
until I experienced
the accident
Not until I experienced the accident was I aware that
It was not until I experienced the accident that I was aware that
7.have＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[教材原句]　Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.
因此，他让人拆下了泵的手柄，使其无法使用。
(1)have sth done　　 让某事被做
have sb do sth 让某人做某事
have sb/sth doing sth 让某人/某物一直做某事；让某事处于某种状态
(2)can't/couldn't have sb doing sth 不允许某人做某事(否定句)
(3)have sth to do 有某事要做(动词不定式作定语)
[基础巩固]　同义句转换
①We began to help pick peaches and then delivered them to the farmers' houses.
→We began to help pick peaches and then__________________________________.
[能力提升]　完成句子
②我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。
I am terribly sorry for ______________________________，because _________________
_________ just now.(道歉信)
had them delivered to the farmers' houses
having you waiting for me for so long
I had an urgent thing
to attend to
Human activities 1.__________ (blame) for the worsening environment.The forest area has decreased 2.__ 15% in a decade，and many species are in danger.
Some argue in 3.______ (defend) of development，but the 4.___________ (transform) to green living is urgent.5.________ (首先)，we must act now.6._____________________
_________ (直到大家都认识到紧迫性) will real changes happen.We should have our daily habits 7._______ (adjust)—using public transport，reducing waste—to protect our home.
are to blame
by
defence
transformation
Above all
Not until everyone realizes
the urgency
adjusted
1.suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象
[诵读领悟]　Anyone suspected of drunk driving should be stopped and take an alcohol test.
任何涉嫌酒后驾驶的人都应停车进行酒精测试。
[能力提升]　完成句子
我曾怀疑他偷了钱，但后来证明我错了。
_____________________________________，but later it turned out that I was proved wrong.
I once suspected that he had stolen the money
2.come down with患(病)；染上(小病)
[诵读领悟]　He would come up and pat me on the shoulder，insisting smilingly，“Let me explain why.”(语言描写)
他就会走过来，拍拍我的肩膀，微笑着坚持说：“我来解释一下。”
[能力提升]
她没带伞，淋雨后感冒了。
________________________after walking in the rain without an umbrella.
She came down with a cold
3.get down to doing 开始(认真)做
[诵读领悟]　Not only am I easy-going and confident but I'm also easy to get along with.(申请信)
我不仅随和、自信，而且容易相处。
[能力提升]　完成句子
詹娜在父亲耐心地指导下开始做三明治。
________________________________with her father guiding her patiently.
Jenna got down to making sandwiches
Ⅰ.熟词生义(写出加黑单词的词性和汉语意思)
1.The findings of the court will be published on Wednesday. __________
2.The research lacks solid proof，and therefore，its conclusions are doubtful. _________
3.It's my turn to be on the night shift. ______
4.He read through the papers and made an abstract of their contents. ______
n.判决结果
adj.可靠的
n.轮班
n.摘要
Ⅱ.一词多义(根据语境选出加黑单词的含义)
1.handle
D
①Don't handle the vase as if it were made of steel. __
②Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance. __
③Tea in China was traditionally drunk from cups without handles. __
④We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely. __
B
C
A
2.subscribe vi.
B
①He subscribes to the view that we can tackle the severe problem in this way once and for all. __
②This is the school the outstanding and patriotic scientist subscribed to generously in the past. __
③Using the money I earned in the holiday，I have subscribed to multiple magazines recently. __
A.订阅　　　 B.赞成；同意　　　 C.捐助
C
A
(2025·丽水模拟)假定你是李华，英语课上，老师要求就科学家所具备的优秀品质展开讨论，请你代表你们小组写一篇发言稿，要点如下：
1.讨论结果；
2.举例说明；
3.你的感想。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
(发言稿——科学家的优秀品质)
1.我们小组一致认为，杰出的科学家拥有共同的关键品质。(outstanding)
Our group agrees that__________________________________.
2.首先，他们耐心地投入研究工作，从不责怪失败。(get down to；blame)
First of all，__________________________________________________.
3.此外，他们的毅力对进展有很大的影响。(furthermore；have an impact on)
______________________________________________________
outstanding scientists share key qualities
they get down to research patiently and never blame failures
Furthermore，their perseverance has a great impact on progress.
4.由于她的坚持，她成功提取了青蒿素，拯救了百万人的生命。(thanks to；have＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
________________________________________________________，saving the lives of millions of people.
5.事实上，直到我们了解了这些故事，我们才意识到他们的精神最重要。(not until引起的倒装句)
__________________________________________________________________
Thanks to her persistence，she had artemisinin extracted successfully
Actually，not until we learn such stories do we realize their spirit matters most.
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[参考范文]
Dear teacher and classmates，
Our group agrees that outstanding scientists share key qualities.First of all，they get down to research patiently and never blame failures. Furthermore，their perseverance has a great impact on progress.
Take Tu Youyou as an example.Thanks to her persistence，she had artemisinin extracted successfully，saving the lives of millions of people.Actually，not until we learn such stories do we realize their spirit matters most.
In conclusion，we should follow their example，staying dedicated to our goals.
Thank you.
Ⅰ.主题微续写
1.请先学习一下单元主题词块。
Science
and
Scientists
Theme 1：
Attitude and
Behavior a severe expression　一个严厉的表情
my initial plan 我初步的计划
subscribe to the view 赞成这个观点
shift nervously from one foot to another 紧张地来回倒换脚
admit one's faults in public 当众承认自己的过错
handle with care 小心处理
encourage me gently 温柔地鼓励我
Science
and
Scientists
Theme 2：
Facts and
Identity be linked to our school lives　与我们的校园生活相联系
decrease the amount of rubbish 减少垃圾的数量
under one's leadership 在某人的领导下
key to sharing ideas 分享想法的关键
be traced back to the Ming Dynasty 追溯到明朝
as an outstanding scientist 作为一位杰出的科学家
a modern abstract painting 一幅现代抽象画
2.请根据上面的单元主题词块完成下面短文。
A Lesson from an Outstanding Scientist
Last month，our school invited Dr.Chen to give a talk.①_____________________，she shared stories about her research on environmental protection.
During the Q&A session，I asked how to ②__________________________ in daily life.She smiled and said small actions matter，like reusing shopping bags.Later，I wanted to show her ③____________ for a waste-sorting project.But when I stood in front of her，I suddenly got nervous and ④__________________________________.Dr.Chen noticed and ⑤___________________.With her help，I explained the plan clearly.
This experience taught me that courage is ⑥_________________.
As an outstanding scientist
decrease the amount of rubbish
my initial plan
shifted nervously from one foot to another
encouraged me gently
key to sharing ideas
来自杰出科学家的一课
上个月，我们学校邀请陈博士来做讲座。作为一位杰出的科学家，她分享了自己研究环境保护的故事。
在问答环节，我问她如何在日常生活中减少垃圾量。她笑着说，小事很重要，比如重复使用购物袋。之后，我想把自己做的垃圾分类项目初步的计划给她看。可当我站到她面前时，突然变得紧张，紧张地来回倒换脚。陈博士注意到了，温柔地鼓励我。在她的帮助下，我清晰地讲解了计划。
这次经历让我明白，勇敢是分享想法的关键。
Ⅱ.语料积累——动作描写之“肩膀”动作
1.语料整合
单词 shrug v.耸肩 tap v.轻拍 pat v.轻拍
shoulder n.肩膀
broad adj.宽阔的
词块 ①broad shoulders 宽阔的肩膀
②look back over one's shoulder 回头看看；回头瞥了一眼
③shrug one's shoulders 耸耸肩
④tap/pat sb on the shoulder 轻拍某人的肩膀
⑤sit on one's shoulders 坐在某人的肩膀上
2.完成语段
Mike was a man of medium height ①___________________ (肩膀宽阔).One day，he was wandering aimlessly when he sensed something strange.He ②________________
___________ (回头瞥了一眼), only to find a young man following him closely.When he asked him why he did so，the young man just ③____________________ (耸了耸肩) and said nothing.So，he ④_________________________________________ (轻轻拍了拍年轻人的肩膀), warning the young man not to follow him again.The young man
⑤_______________________________ (笑着耸了耸肩)，“Your wallet is lost.”
with broad shoulders
looked back over
his shoulder
shrugged his shoulders
tapped/patted the young man on the shoulder
shrugged his shoulders with a laugh
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Earlier this year，the Pew Research Center released data showing that 55% of people get their news from social media.In a follow-up study，they found that these people are more likely to see misinformation.When that misinformation is about science，it contributes to the growing mistrust individuals have towards science.We，as scientists，need to do our best to correct this misinformation.However，we are mostly stuck behind our lab desks due to the pressure to publish papers.
When we occasionally do approach the public，we often don't do a great job communicating in ways non-scientists can understand.Most of us have not been trained to communicate or teach the lay audience.We use complicated words and phrases and a lot of jargon (术语).We may focus on tiny details that the general public doesn't need to understand.Other times we forget that the people we are talking to are human，with complicated lives and emotions.Just like us.They deserve our attention and respect.This causes the public to rely on other sources for their scientific information，often the aforementioned social media.
Today we are seeing the consequences of this.Large percentages of people believe that infectious diseases are not real and that vaccines (疫苗) are dangerous.This distrust in science has gone from a mere inconvenience to now being an issue that endangers public health and safety.Distrust in science also endangers our funding.When the public puts less value in science，there is less public support for tax dollars going to funding for research.
So，what can we do to address these issues People trust those they know and interact with.We need to interact with the public more.During these interactions，we should choose our words carefully.We need to cut out as much jargon as possible.Sometimes it may be necessary，but then we must be clear and explain the terms we use.To help people understand and remember concepts，we can use stories and images to illustrate our main points.Most people can remember a story someone told，or a striking image shared.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。作者在文中呼吁科学家承担起科普的任务，用公众能理解的方式来宣传科学知识，克服公众对于科学的不信任。
1.What concern does the author raise based on the Pew study
A.Declining public curiosity about science.
B.Spread of false scientific information.
C.Scientists' limited time for lab work.
D.Difficulty in publishing research.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When that misinformation is about science，it contributes to the growing mistrust individuals have towards science.”可知，身为一名科学家，基于该研究，作者关心的是公众接收到虚假科学信息的问题，因为这加剧了公众对科学的怀疑。
2.What does the underlined word “lay” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Nontechnical. B.Overnumbered.
C.Misinformed. D.Undereducated.
解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句上下文的语境可知，“the lay audience”指的是上文中的“the public”“non-scientists”。lay在此处意为“非专业的”。
3.What results from the public's disbelief in science
A.Much stricter research regulation.
B.Researchers losing scientific interest.
C.An increased risk for wellness threats.
D.Inconvenient access to scientific findings.
解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This distrust in science has gone from a mere inconvenience to now being an issue that endangers public health and safety.”可知，公众对科学的不信任已经从一个小问题变成了危及公共健康和安全的问题。
4.What does the author urge scientists to focus on
A.Working with other researchers.
B.Releasing more scientific work.
C.Avoiding social media platforms.
D.Making science more understandable.
解析　D　推理判断题。最后一段作者向科学家们提出两个建议：多与公众沟通和在沟通中注意措辞。作者进一步提到，科学家在科普过程中应尽量少用术语，即使要用术语也应解释清楚，并使用故事和图像来帮助人们理解和记住科学概念。由以上内容可推知，作者呼吁科学家在进行科普工作时要尽量让公众理解科学知识。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Switzerland does commuting(通勤)the right way! Switzerland is home to some of the cleanest rivers in the world，so it's no 1 that residents swim in the river recreationally to cool off.However，some people have discovered a(n) 2 use for these rivers—transportation.In Bern，the capital city，people frequently 3 the waves of the Aare River，with their 4 packed in waterproof bags.
Many locals 5 to the store to buy an “Aare Bag”， a sealable (密封的) bag where they can 6 their phones，clothes，and other valuables to keep them dry during their river 7 .Then，dressed in their swimsuits，they jump into the river and let the 8 carry them to work.
American music producer Diplo decided to act like a local during his visit to Switzerland and 9 this unique way of transportation.He 10 his experience online，saying，“I'm so 11 of this summer transport in Switzerland.I'd much rather be floating down the river on a beautiful day than 12 in rush-hour traffic.”
However，while this might sound relaxing，local officials 13 everyone to be on guard.The rivers can have strong currents，and there have been accidents that have 14 to swimmers.While floating to work can be enjoyable，it's 15 to remain aware of your surroundings and the weather conditions.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞士的一种新型通勤方式：漂流上班。
1.A.way B.fear
C.surprise D.risk
解析　C　根据“the cleanest rivers in the world”可知，瑞士有世界上最干净的河流，所以居民们在河里游泳降温也就不足为奇了；be no surprise 是固定搭配。
2.A.alternative B.conventional
C.academic D.contemporary
解析　A　上文提到瑞士居民在河里游泳，此处又介绍河流的另一种用途——交通；alternative 意为“其他的”。
3.A.shoot B.observe
C.ride D.push
解析　C　根据上文瑞士居民把河流当作交通工具可知，人们在河中漂浮(ride the waves)。其他三项虽然均能与waves搭配，但表达的意思均不符合语境。
4.A.dreams B.findings
C.targets D.belongings
解析　D　根据 packed in waterproof bags可推断，漂流的时候人们把随身物品放在防水的袋子里。下文中的their phones, clothes，and other valuables 也是提示。
5.A.head B.reply
C.march D.adapt
解析　A　许多当地人前往商店购买 Aare Bag，一种密封袋。head与buy是两个先后发生的动作。
6.A.charge B.store
C.handle D.demonstrate
答案　B
7.A.mission B.journey
C.struggle D.protection
解析　B　根据“to keep them dry during their river ...”可知，人们将手机、衣服和其他贵重物品存放在密封袋里，以便在漂流时保持物品干燥。
8.A.locals B.bags
C.boats D.currents
解析　D　他们穿着泳衣跳进河里，让水流带他们去上班。currents意为“水流”，与下文中的currents构成原词复现。
9.A.comment on B.try out
C.pay for D.make up
解析　B　根据“act like a local during his visit to Switzerland”可知，Diplo在访问瑞士期间决定像当地人一样尝试这种独特的交通方式。
10.A.collected B.shared
C.added D.possessed
解析　B　根据“his experience online, saying”可知，Diplo把尝试这种独特的交通方式的经历分享到网上了。
11.A.scared B.ashamed
C.independent D.envious
答案　D
12.A.stuck B.shocked
C.hurt D.confused
解析　A　根据“I'd much rather be floating down the river on a beautiful day”可推断，尝试过后，Diplo非常羡慕在瑞士夏季能用这种方式通勤。他宁愿在美好的一天中顺流而下，也不愿被困在高峰期的车流中。
13.A.allow B.train
C.warn D.invite
解析　C　根据“to be on guard”可知，当地官员提醒大家保持警惕。
14.A.contributed B.responded
C.referred D.occurred
解析　D　本句承上启下，解释官员们提醒公众的原因。根据“rivers can have strong currents”及“accidents”可知，游泳者曾经发生过事故。
15.A.likely B.sufficient
C.crucial D.difficult
解析　C　While意为“尽管”。句意：虽然漂浮上班很愉快，但了解周围的环境和天气状况至关重要。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·沈阳第一次质检)Lu Qi，noted as chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and director of the Institute of Great Green Wall，1. (announce) to be entitled the Champions of the Earth last year.
Highly praised 2. his contributions to global desertification control，Lu became the first Chinese person to receive the title，3. achievements have shown through practice that by combining science and policy，humanity can address land degradation issues.
Almost 40 percent of the world's land is already degraded.Desertification is on the rise and destructive 4. (drought) are becoming more regular.The good news is that solutions already exist today，and across 5. globe，extraordinary individuals and organizations are showing that it is 6. (whole) possible to defend and heal the planet.
Lu has led over 50 desertification control-related research projects，7. (assist) China in carrying out the relevant policies and providing expertise to international organizations at the forefront of global desertification action.
Lu's receiving the honor can remind the younger generations as long as they remember their mission and keep innovating.They will definitely gain 8. (recognize) from society and that the weight of responsibility on their shoulders has increased，and the duty has grown 9. (heavy).
Lu's team is devoted to sharing the successful experience and models of the ecological projects.There already are cooperation centers and research centers，as well as forums for cooperation，all 10. (design) to spread China's wisdom and experience worldwide.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国林业科学研究院首席科学家卢琦被授予“地球卫士奖”称号，因对全球荒漠化控制所做出的贡献而受到高度赞扬。
1.was announced　考查动词的时态和语态。句子的主干为“Lu Qi 1. (announce) to be entitled the Champions of the Earth”，其中Lu Qi是主语，空处作谓语，与主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据last year可知，句子应用一般过去时。故填was announced。
2.for　考查介词。be praised for固定搭配，表示“因……被表扬”。故填for。
3.whose　考查定语从句。句子的主干是“Lu became the first Chinese person to receive the title”，所以空后的have shown应是从句的谓语动词；空处修饰名词achievements，引导非限制性定语从句，指的应是卢琦的成就。故填whose。
4.droughts　考查名词的单复数。drought表示“旱灾”，是可数名词。根据空后的are可知，空处应填名词复数droughts。
5.the　考查冠词。across the globe表示“在全球范围内”，故填the。
6.wholly　考查副词。空处修饰形容词possible，应用副词wholly，表示“完全，整体上”。
7.assisting　考查非谓语动词。空前内容为句子主干，其中的has led是谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，与主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式。故填assisting。
8.recognition　考查名词。空处作动词gain的宾语，应用名词形式；recognize的名词形式为recognition，在此处表示“赞誉”，为不可数名词。故填recognition。
9.heavier　考查形容词的比较级。上文提到“the weight of responsibility on their shoulders has increased”，故此处是说“责任更重了”，应用形容词的比较级。故填heavier。
10.designed　考查非谓语动词。句子的主干为there be句型“There already are cooperation centers and research centers，as well as forums for cooperation”。空前的all指的是句子中的“cooperation centers and research centers，as well as forums for cooperation”，与动词design之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词的过去分词形式。故填designed。

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