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【素养导学】人教社 2025 年版九年级上册 同步探究学案
Unit 1 The changing world 第 3 课时 Section A（4a—4c）
闭环学习理念
本课时为语法课，采用“观察发现→规则归纳→分层操练→真实语用→限时检测”路径，依托 4a 4c 语法板块，系统梳理一般过去时、used to 与现在完成时的结构、用法与区别，实现从语法感知到语言输出的闭环。
四维学习目标
维度 学习目标
语言能力 掌握一般过去时的结构与用法；掌握 used to do sth. 的肯定、否定、疑问句式；掌握现在完成时的结构与标志词；能区分一般过去时、used to 与现在完成时的用法差异。
文化意识 在描述家乡变化与人际关系变化中感受发展成就，理解语言时态与时间认知的关系。
思维品质 通过对比三种时态，培养比较与归纳的思维能力。
学习能力 掌握 “观察 — 归纳 — 运用 — 检测” 的语法自主学习方法。
课前微诊断 前置摸底（5 分钟）
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
He __________ (become) a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.
They __________ (not see) each other for years.
I __________ (use) to live in a small village.
二、英译汉
used to _______________
for years _______________
take place _______________
第一阶 观察发现 4a
考点聚焦：识别一般过去时、used to 结构与现在完成时的结构差异
任务一：阅读教材 4a，完成下表。圈出动词，感知时态、句式、时间逻辑差异。
序号 4a 原句 谓语动词 时态 时间标志词
1 He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.
2 They haven’t seen each other for years!
3 We used to have to travel far to see a doctor.
4 Our village has just built a new hospital.
5 Many people used to work in big cities.
6 Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.
观察思考：对比上面六句，说一说一般过去时、used to、现在完成时在描述时间上有什么不同？
第二阶 归纳总结 核心语法规则
考点聚焦：一般过去时、used to 结构、现在完成时结构、三种时态用法区别
任务一：一般过去时 vs. 现在完成时
He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.（强调过去某一具体时间发生的动作） They haven‘t seen each other for years.（强调过去动作对现在的影响 / 持续到现在）
核心区别填空：
一般过去时：强调动作发生在__________，与__________无关。
现在完成时：强调动作对__________有影响，或从__________持续到__________。
判断依据：看是否有具体过去时间状语（如 ago, in 2020, last year 等）或表时段 / 起点的时间状语（如 for, since, just 等）。
任务二：used to 用法完整归纳
句式类型 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + __________ + 动词原形 I used to live in a village.
否定句 主语 + __________ + 动词原形 We didn’t use to have a supermarket.
一般疑问句 ______ + 主语 + ______ + 动词原形？ Did you use to live here
规则小结：used to 后接动词__________，表示__________（过去 / 现在）的__________（习惯性动作 / 状态），现已改变。
任务三：现在完成时用法完整归纳
句式类型 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + __________ + 过去分词 They have seen each other.
否定句 主语 + __________ + 过去分词 They haven‘t seen each other.
一般疑问句 __________ + 主语 + 过去分词？ Have they seen each other
规则小结：现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对__________产生了影响，或从过去持续到__________。常与 already, yet, ever, never, since, for, just, over the past… 等连用。
易错提醒：现在完成时不能搭配 ago、last… 这类明确的过去时间点。
第三阶 操练巩固 4b—4c
考点聚焦：语法填空、句型转换、真实语境运用
任务一：4b—— 用所给词的适当形式填空
My hometown ____________ (change) a lot in the past few years.
There ____________ (be) no hospital here ten years ago.
We ____________ (live) in this city since 2015.
The government ____________ (build) many new roads in the last five years.
I ____________ (use) to live in a small village.
The students ____________ (plant) thousands of trees in the past five years.
We didn’t ____________ (use) to have a supermarket here.
The environment ____________ (become) much better since 2020.
He ____________ (work) in this school for ten years.
They ____________ (use) to travel far to see a doctor.
任务二：4c—— 用所给词的正确形式完成句子
根据汉语提示，用 used to 或现在完成时完成句子。
过去这里没有学校。 There __________________ no school here in the past.
在过去的十年里，这个村庄发生了巨大的变化。
The village _________ a lot over the past ten years.
我过去步行上学。 I __________________ to school.
政府已经建了许多新医院。 The government __________________ many new hospitals.
我在这座城市住了五年了。 I __________________ in this city for five years.
任务三：句型转换专项
I used to live in a small village.（改为否定句）
___________________________________________
The town has changed a lot.（改为一般疑问句）
___________________________________________
They have planted many trees on the hills.（对划线部分提问）
___________________________________________
We used to walk five kilometers to school.（对划线部分提问）
___________________________________________
He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.（改为否定句）
___________________________________________
第四阶 综合运用 真实语用输出
考点聚焦：一般过去时、used to 与现在完成时的综合运用、真实情境表达
任务一：话题表达 —— 家乡变化
用一般过去时、used to 和现在完成时各写 1 2 个句子，描述你家乡的变化。
句式 你的句子
一般过去时（过去具体事件） _________________________________
used to（过去状态 / 习惯） _________________________________
现在完成时（已发生的变化） _________________________________
任务二：组句练习
用所给词组成完整句子，注意时态。
1.used / I / live / to / in / village / a / small →
________________________________________________
2.changed / has / the / a / town / lot →
________________________________________________
3.built / has / many / government / schools / the / new →
________________________________________________
4.didn‘t / to / there / any / be / shops / use →
________________________________________________
第五阶 巩固检测（满分 50 分 建议用时 15 分钟）
一、用所给词的适当形式填空（15 分）
The village __________ (change) a lot in the past ten years.
We used to __________ (walk) five kilometers to school.
The government __________ (build) many new schools since 2015.
There __________ (be) no hospital in the town in the past.
I __________ (live) here since I was born.
They didn‘t __________ (use) to have a supermarket.
The environment __________ (become) much better.
People __________ (plant) thousands of trees in the past five years.
He __________ (work) in this school for ten years.
The hills __________ (be) covered with trees now.
二、单项选择（10 分）
( ) 1. I ______ in a small village, but now I live in a big city.
A. used to live B. used to living C. was used to live D. use to live
( ) 2. The village ______ a lot in the past few years.
A.changes B. changed C. has changed D. will change
( ) 3. We ______ to walk to school, but now we take the bus.
A. use B. used C. uses D. using
( ) 4. The government ______ many new schools in the last five years.
A. builds B. built C. has built D. will build
( ) 5. I ______ here since 2020.
A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live
三、按要求完成句子（15 分）
I used to live in a small village.（改为否定句）
___________________________________________
The town has changed a lot.（改为一般疑问句）
__________________________________________
They have planted many trees on the hills.（对划线部分提问）
__________________________________________
We used to walk five kilometers to school.（对划线部分提问）
__________________________________________
There was no hospital in the village in the past.（改为同义句，用 used to）
__________________________________________
四、短文填空（10 分）
用所给词的适当形式填空，完成短文。
change, live, build, plant, become, use
My hometown 1. __________ a lot in the past ten years. I 2. __________ to 3. __________ in a small house, but now we have a big modern house. The government 4. __________ many new roads and schools. People 5. __________ thousands of trees on the hills. The environment 6. __________ much better. I’m proud of my hometown.
第六阶 项目复盘 总结提升 + 二次过关
知识盘点
知识类别 核心要点
一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式（过去某一具体时间发生的动作，与现在无关）
used to 主语 + used to + 动词原形（过去状态 / 习惯，现已改变）否定：didn‘t use to；疑问：Did + 主语 + use to…
现在完成时 主语 + have/has + 过去分词（过去动作对现在有影响或持续到现在）
时间标志词 一般过去时：ago, in 2020, last year；现在完成时：for, since, ever, never, yet, already, just, in/over the past…
易错点 used to 后接动词原形；现在完成时不能与具体的过去时间（ago/last…）连用
自我评价量表
评价内容 能做到 基本能做到 需努力
我能正确使用一般过去时描述过去具体事件
我能正确使用 used to 的三种句式
我能正确使用现在完成时的三种句式
我能区分三种时态的用法
我能用三种时态描述家乡变化
我的收获：________________________________________________
我的疑问：________________________________________________
参考答案
课前微诊断
一、1. became 2. haven’t seen 3. used 二、1. 过去常常 2. 多年 3. 发生
第一阶 任务一
序号 谓语动词 时态 时间标志词
1 became 一般过去时 about 20 years ago
2 haven’t seen 现在完成时 for years
3 used to have 一般过去时 /
4 has built 现在完成时 just
5 used to work 一般过去时 /
6 have come 现在完成时 now
观察思考参考：一般过去时陈述过去某个时间发生的动作，和现在无关联；used to 描述过去的习惯或状态，暗示现在已经不一样；现在完成时动作始于过去，侧重对现在造成的结果或影响。
第二阶
任务一
过去某一具体时间；现在；现在；过去；现在
任务二
used to；didn’t use to；Did；use；原形；过去；习惯性动作 / 状态
任务三
have/has；haven’t/hasn’t；Have/Has；现在；现在
第三阶
任务一（4b）
1.has changed 2. was 3. have lived 4. has built 5. used 6.have planted 7. use 8. has become 9. has worked 10. used
任务二（4c）
1.didn’t use to be 2. has changed 3. used to walk 4. has built 5. have lived
任务三
1．I didn’t use to live in a small village. 2．Has the town changed a lot 3．What have they planted on the hills 4．How far did you use to walk to school 5．He didn’t become a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.
第五阶 巩固检测
一、
has changed 2. walk 3. has built 4. was 5. have lived
use 7. has become 8. have planted 9. has worked 10. are covered
二、
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C
三、
1．I didn’t use to live in a small village. 2．Has the town changed a lot 3．What have they planted on the hills 4．How far did you use to walk to school 5．There didn’t use to be a hospital in the village.
四、短文填空
1.has changed 2. used 3. live 4. has built 5. have planted 6. has become
第六阶：自评、收获、疑问为开放性作答，学生自主填写即可。
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