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(共36张PPT)
Key question
沪教牛津版七年级上册
Unit 2 School life
Grammar
主题范畴：人与自我
What is your school life like
What is your routine on a school day
The simple present
I brush my teeth at 6:30 a.m.
I go to school by bus at 7:15 a.m.
...
What tense do you use when talking about your routine on a school day
We use the simple present to talk about regular actions.
Jack lives in Southampton in the UK. He usually gets up at 7:45 a.m. He often meets his friends at 8:15 a.m. and walks to school with them. School always starts at 9:00 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. Every Monday, Jack takes part in after-school club activities. Back home, Jack does his homework. He and his parents usually have dinner around 7:00 p.m. They seldom eat out. Jack manages his time well. He never goes to bed late!
Jack is an 8-year-old student in the UK. Read about his daily life and circle the verbs in the simple present tense.
What else do you use the simple present to
talk about
一 、一般现在时的用法
1. 表示事物或人现在的状态、特征等。
(1) She is a Geography teacher.
她是地理老师。
(2) The store opens at 9:00 a.m.
这家商店早上9点开门。
(1) I go to school at 7:30 every morning.
我每天早上七点半去上学。
(2) I often have noodles for lunch.
我午饭经常吃面条。
2. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。
3. 表示客观事实和普遍真理。
(1) The Earth goes around the Sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
(2) Beijing lies in the north of China.
北京位于中国的北部。
(3) The sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。
5. 以 here, there开头的句子中，表示现
在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
(1) Here comes the bus!
公交车来了！
(2) There goes the bell.
铃响了！
Yesterday is history.
Tomorrow is a mystery.
But today is a gift.
4. 格言警句。
昨天已成历史，
明日却依然是谜，
今天是珍贵的礼物。
肯定句：
1. 当谓语是be动词时
(1) I am John.
(2) She is from Germany.
(3) You are kind.
主语 + am/is/are + 其他.
二 、一般现在时的结构
如果主语是代词，在非正式文体中，动词be与前面的代词可以缩写。
= I'm John.
= She's from Germany.
= You're kind.
(1) I am John.
(2) She is from Germany.
(3) You are kind.
否定句：
She is not from Germany.
主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他.
I am not John.
You are not kind.
动词be一般现在时的否定句式是在be后面加not。
在非正式文体中，is/ are与not可以缩写。
如：is not = isn't，are not = aren't
am与not不能缩写。
一般疑问句及回答：
Are you John
Is she from Germany
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 其他
(1) I am John.
(2) She is from Germany.
Yes, I am.
No, I am not.
Yes, she is.
No, she isn't.
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are.
否定回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are + not.
动词be一般现在时的一般疑问句式是将be提前至句首并且首字母大写，句末用问号。
若句子主语为第一人称，则要将其变为第二人称，相应的be动词也要变化。
在肯定答句中，主语和动词be不能缩写。
如：“Yes, he is.”不能缩写为“Yes, he's.”
特殊疑问句：
what
why
when
where
who
whose
whom
which
how
常见疑问词：
疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 其他
(1) Where is John from
(2) Why am I tired
(3) Who's your English teacher
约翰来自哪里？
我为什么这么累？
你的英语老师是谁？
将下列句子转换为否定句和一般疑问句。
1. I am a policeman.
→ ___________________(否定句)
→ ___________________(一般疑问句)
2. You're happy.
→ ___________________(否定句)
→ ___________________(一般疑问句)
3. He is strong.
→ ___________________(否定句)
→ ___________________(一般疑问句)
I am not a policeman.
You aren't happy.
Are you happy
He isn't strong.
Is he strong
Are you a policeman
2. 当谓语动词是实义动词时
肯定句：
否定句：
主语 + don't/doesn't + 实义动词原形 + 其他.
I/You/We/They like sports.
He/She/It likes sports.
主语 + 实义动词 + 其他.
I/You/We/They do not like sports.
He/She/It does not like sports.
在否定句中，助动词之后的实义动词用原形。
在一般现在时的陈述句中，单数第三人称（he/she/it）主语后动词的词尾需要变化。
实义动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式
规则 举例
make → makes live → lives
like → likes play → plays
watch → watches wash → washes
dress → dresses fix → fixes
go → goes do → does
carry → carries cry → cries
study → studies fly → flies
以ch、sh、s或x结尾的动词后加es
以“辅音字母 + o”结尾的动词后加es
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es
特殊变化
have → has
大多数动词在词尾加s
Do I/you/we/they run fast
一般疑问句及回答：
Do/ Does + 主语 + 实义动词原形 + 其他
行为动词一般现在时的疑问句式是在句首加助动词do或does。当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词用does。
Yes, I/you/we/they do.
No, don't.
Does he/she/it run fast
Yes, he/she/it does.
No, doesn't.
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + do/does.
否定回答：No, 主语 + don't / doesn't.
在疑问句中，助动词之后的实义动词用原形。
特殊疑问句：
+
实义动词原形
+
其他
主语
+
疑问词
+
一般疑问句
do/does
What do I/you/we/they like to eat
What does he/she/it like to eat
I do not do housework on Saturday.
Do you do housework on Saturday
我周六不做家务。
你周六做家务吗？
用于实义动词前构成否定句和疑问句，没有实际意义。
做，干，办
区分行为动词do和助动词do的用法
助动词
实义动词
1. On Saturdays, we ______ (go) out to eat.
2. ______ (do) the baby often ______ (cry) at night
3. Kim is a good student. She ______ (work) very hard.
4. He ___________ (not get) up early every morning.
5. ______ (do) they ______ (take) buses to school every day
I. 用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
go
Does cry
works
doesn't get
Do take
II. 按要求改写句子，每空一词。
1. Linda does her homework at school. (改为否定句)
Linda ________ ________ her homework at school.
2. Danny visits the library every week. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Danny ________ the library every week
3. Does the boy come from America (作肯定回答)
_________________________________
4. Does your sister like tigers (作否定回答)
_________________________________
doesn't do
Does visit
Yes, he does.
No, she doesn't.
一般现在时的结构
Be动词 实义动词
肯定式
否定式
一般疑问式
特殊疑问式
主语+am/is/are+其他.
主语+实义动词 +其他.
主语+am/is/are +not+其他.
主语+don't /doesn't +实义动词原形+其他.
Am/Is/Are+主语+其他
Do/Does +主语+
实义动词原形+其他
疑问词+am/is/are
+主语+其他
疑问词+do/does +主语+实义动词原形+其他
1 Complete the conversation below with do / does and the information from the passage on page 25.
P26
Jack lives in Southampton in the UK. He usually gets up at 7:45 a.m. He often meets his friends at 8:15 a.m. and walks to school with them. School always starts at 9:00 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. Every Monday, Jack takes part in after-school club activities. Back home, Jack does his homework. He and his parents usually have dinner around 7:00 p.m. They seldom eat out. Jack manages his time well. He never goes to bed late!
do
They often walk to school. / They often go to school on foot.
does
It finishes at 3:30 p.m.
P26
does
He takes part in after-school club activities every Monday.
Jack lives in Southampton in the UK. He usually gets up at 7:45 a.m. He often meets his friends at 8:15 a.m. and walks to school with them. School always starts at 9:00 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. Every Monday, Jack takes part in after-school club activities. Back home, Jack does his homework. He and his parents usually have dinner around 7:00 p.m. They seldom eat out. Jack manages his time well. He never goes to bed late!
do
They usually have dinner around 7:00 p.m.
do
They seldom eat out.
Read Jack’s daily life again and pay attention to the underlined adverbs and adverbial phrase.
这些词用来表示做某件事的_____，
频率
被称为频度副词。
一般现在时通常与频度副词连用。
100%
0%
频度副词（adverb of frequency）一般用来表示事情发生的频率。
常见的频度副词有：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly ever, never等。
按频率的高低，这些频度副词排列顺序为：
Ⅰ. 常见频度副词
usually
often
sometimes
never
always
请根据发生频率
由高到低排列
总是
通常
常常
有时
很少
从未
seldom
① Tom is always late for school.
汤姆上学总迟到。
② She's always full of energy.
她总是充满活力。
③ We always go to school by bus.
我们总是坐公交车去学校。
1. always 意为“总是，一直”，它所表示的频率最高，相当于 all the time。
Ⅱ.常见频度副词的用法
2. usually意为“通常”，在一般情况下做某事很少
有例外的意思，倾向于一种习惯。
We usually go shopping on Sundays.
我们周日通常去购物。
3. often 意为“经常”，它表示的频率不及usually，
用来表示动作重复，中间有间断。often在句尾时
常被very或quite修饰。
① We often have supper at home.
我们经常在家吃晚饭。
② He writes to his friends quite often.
他常给他的朋友写信。
① She sometimes walks along the river.
她有时候沿着河边散步。
② Sometimes he doesn't want to work, because he
feels too tired.
有时候他不想去工作，因为他感到太累了。
③ My father has lunch in the factory sometimes.
我父亲有时在工厂吃午饭。
4. sometimes 意为“有时”，它可以放在句子中间，
也可以放在句首或句末。
6. never所表示频率最低，它所表示的也是否定意义，意为“根本不，从未”。
① You never help me.
你从来不帮我。
② I never go to school by taxi.
我从不坐出租车去上学。
5. seldom所表示频率较低，它所表示的是否定意义，意为“很少”。
① He seldom eats out.
他很少出去吃饭。
② They seldom watch television these days.
这些日子他们很少看电视。
① It is usually hot in summer.
夏天天气通常是热的。
② My father sometimes walks home.
我的父亲有时步行回家。
③ I will always love you.
我将永远爱你。
频度副词在句中习惯上位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
Ⅲ. 频度副词在句中的位置
every day.
twice a week.
On Saturdays, Once a month,
I go to the English club
I go to park.
Ⅳ. 频度副词短语在句中的位置
频度副词短语（Adverbial phrases of frequency）通常用在句子末尾，有时用在句首。
对频率进行提问常用how often，表示“多久一次”。
(1) I write to my brother sometimes. (对划线部分提问)
→ How often do you write to your brother
(2) I watch TV once a week. (对划线部分提问)
→ How often do you watch TV
如何对频率提问呢？
对频率的提问
2 Play a guessing game in pairs. One chooses a student from the table and says three or four sentences about him / her. The other guesses who he / she is.
P26
This student always walks to school. He or she usually reads books in his or her free time. He or she never swims or plays the guitar.
I know the answer. It must be Li Hua!
一般
现在时
构成
用法
表示经常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的状态或动作
always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never...
肯定句：主语+am/is/are+其他.
主语+实义动词+其他.
否定句：主语+am/is/are not+其他.
主语+do/does not+实义动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+其他
Do/Does+主语+实义动词原形+其他
肯定回答为：Yes, 主语+am/is/are.
Yes, 主语+do/does.
否定回答为：No, 主语+am/is/are+not.
No, 主语+don't/doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+am/is/are+主语+其他
疑问词+ do/does+主语+实义动词原形+其他
频度副词及频度副词短语
Can you make sentences using the simple present tense with adverbs and adverbial phrases of frequency
Write a paragraph about your daily life using the simple present tense with adverbs and adverbial phrases of frequency.
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