新人教版九年级英语Unit 1 The Changing World 教学设计第一课时

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新人教版九年级英语Unit 1 The Changing World 教学设计第一课时

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新人教版(2026秋)九年级英语上册
Unit 1 The Changing World 单元教学设计
第 1 课时 Section A 1a—1d(听说课)
【学习目标】
能听懂并抓住“过去—现在”对比信息(时间词、数字、时态词),完成 1b/1c 表格;
能用 It took… to do sth./Now it takes…、used to、be covered with 描述家乡变化;
掌握 reach、over、until、so far、guide 等在课文语境中的用法;
初步感知:一般过去时/used to 说“过去”,现在完成时说“已经发生的、影响至今的变化”。
【学习重难点】
学习重点:
1. 听懂并提取“过去—现在”对比信息(时间词、数字、时态词),完成 1b/1c 表格;
2. 正确运用 It took… to do sth./Now it takes…、used to、be covered with 描述家乡变化;
3. 掌握 reach、over、until、so far、guide 等核心词汇在课文语境中的用法。
学习难点:
1. used to 结构按“块”整体记忆,防止拆错结构(used to be covered with);
2. It took…/The bus took… 的主语辨析与句型转换;
3. 初步区分一般过去时/used to(说过去)与现在完成时(影响至今的变化)。
【学情诊断】
学生常见问题①:把 used to be covered with 拆错结构。突破:按“块”记——used to be covered with = 过去被……覆盖,used to 与 be covered with 各是一块,可先复习 cover 再叠加。
学生常见问题②:It took / the bus took 分不清主语。突破:让学生翻译“我到学校要花 40 分钟”→ It takes me 40 minutes to get to school.(it 作形式主语)。
学生常见问题③:听力只抓词不抓“对比”。突破:听前读表→明确要填 Past 还是 Now→把数字写阿拉伯数字→第二遍补动词短语。
【教学准备】
◆ 多媒体课件(含 1a—1d 教材图片与城镇今昔对比图);
◆ 教材配套听力音频(1b/1c,播放两遍);
◆ Past/Now 两栏听力记录表(印入学案);
◆ 黑板、彩色粉笔(红色=过去,蓝色=现在)。
【教学过程】
1a. 看图说话(导入):出示 Li Rui 家乡“过去—现在”两张照片,引导学生用中文或简单英语说出差异;教师把学生说出的词写在黑板上分类(交通/上学/看病/购
物/环境),为 1c 听前预测做词汇铺垫。
1b. 电话对话听力:听前先读三个问题,带问题听;第一遍整体感知,第二遍找答案。
问题 参考答案
Q1 .Why does George call Li Rui He calls Li Rui to ask her to be his (and his father's) guide.
Q2 When did George's father last visit the place About 20 years ago.
Q3 What is the relationship between George's father and Li Rui's grandfather They are (good) friends. (George's father Bob became a good friend of Li Rui's grandfather about 20 years ago.)
1b .听力原文
Li Rui: Hello, George.
George: Hi, Li Rui. Guess what My father, Bob, and I are going to visit your hometown. Could you be our guide
Li Rui: Sure! I'd love to!
George: Wonderful! You know, my father's last visit was about 20 years ago. He became a good friend of your grandfather.
Li Rui: Grandpa will be so happy. They haven't seen each other for ages!
George: Yes, and my father really wants to see how the place has changed since he last visited.
(译文)李锐:你好,乔治。/乔治:嗨,李锐。你猜怎么着?我爸爸鲍勃和我要去你的家乡参观。你能当我们的导游吗?/李锐:当然!我很乐意!/乔治:太棒了!你知道吗,我爸爸上次来大约是在 20 年前。他和你爷爷成了好朋友。/李锐:爷爷会非常高兴的。他们很久没见面了!(for ages = for a long time)/乔治:是的,我爸爸真的很想看看自从他上次来过之后,这里发生了怎样的变化。
1c.参观对话听力(填表):听第一遍填“时间、数字”,第二遍补全其他信息。表格参考答案如下。
Past过去 Present现在
It took half a day to reach the town. With the new roads, it takes only an hour.
Going to school by bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads. Going to school takes only 15 minutes.
They used to have to travel far to see a doctor. The town has built a new hospital.
They didn't have any good places for shopping. They now have a supermarket down the street.
The hills used to be covered with sand. They are now covered with beautiful trees.
1c.听力原文
Li Rui: What do you think of your trip so far
Bob: Amazing! When I first visited here, it took half a day to reach the town. Now, with the new roads, it takes only an hour.
Li Rui: Yes. When I was a child, the bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads to get to school. Now, it takes only 15 minutes.
George: Life is much easier!
Li Rui: Not only that. We used to have to travel far to see a doctor, but now our town has built a new hospital.
Bob: Great! And didn't I see a supermarket down the street
Li Rui: Yes. We didn't have any good places for shopping until 10 years ago.
Bob: But the biggest change is on the hills. They used to be covered with sand.
Li Rui: And now they have been covered with beautiful trees!
(译文)李锐:到目前为止,你们觉得这趟旅行怎么样?/鲍勃:太棒了!我第一次来这儿的时候,到镇上要花半天时间。现在有了新路,只需要一个小时。/李锐:是的。我小时候,坐公交走坑坑洼洼的路去上学要将近 40 分钟,现在只需要 15 分钟。/乔治:生活方便多了!/李锐:还不止这些。我们过去看病要走很远,现在我们镇上建了一家新医院。/鲍勃:太好了!我在街那头看到一家超市了吧?/李锐:是的。直到 10 年前,我们这儿都没有像样的购物场所。/鲍勃:但最大的变化是在山上。过去山上覆盖着沙子。/李锐:而现在山上已长满美丽的树木!
听力策略点拨:1c 这类“今昔对比”听力,先抓 Past/Now 两侧的时间与数字(half a day→an hour;40 minutes→15 minutes),再抓变化词(used to、have built、be covered with、until)。表格题答案多为短语而非整句,听时记关键词即可。
1d.口头讨论:讨论这些变化是怎么发生的,引导学生用 because/thanks to/with the help of 等简单说出原因;随后用下面的句型支架口头汇报一处家乡变化:
It used to take… to do sth. Now it takes… /
There used to be…, but now there is/are… /
People used to… Now they…
【板书设计】
Unit 1 The Changing World
第 1 课时 Section A 1a—1d(听说)
Past(红):used to be covered with sand/It took half a day to reach…
Now(蓝):so far/Now it takes only two hours
主旨:The world is changing. Past → Now
【本课时单词详解】
1. guide /ɡa d/ n. 导游;向导;指南 v. 指导;引路
【巧记】同根词 guidance(n. 指导)。
【搭配】be one's guide 当某人的导游;a tour guide 导游;guide sb. to do sth. 指导某人做某事;a guide book 旅游指南。
【例句】Could you be our guide (你能当我们的导游吗?)此句用 Could you… 提出请求,比 Can you… 更礼貌。
【易错】guide 是可数名词,"当导游"前要加冠词或物主代词:be our guide / be a guide。
2. reach /ri t / v. 到达;抵达;伸手够到 n. 河段;管辖范围
【词义】①到达(及物动词,直接接地点,不加 to):reach the town 到达镇上;②伸手够到:reach the top shelf 够到最上层架子。
【搭配】reach for sth. 伸手去拿某物;out of reach 够不着;within reach 够得着。
【例句】It took half a day to reach the town.(到镇上要花半天时间。)
【辨析】reach = arrive in/at = get to,但只有 reach 是及物动词(详见上文【语言点精讲】第 1 条)。
3. rough /r f/ adj. 崎岖不平的;粗糙的;粗略的;(海面)风浪大的
【词义】本课取"崎岖不平的":rough roads 崎岖的路。
【搭配】over rough roads 走崎岖的路;a rough estimate 粗略的估计;rough paper 粗糙的纸。
【拓展】反义词 smooth(光滑的;平坦的)、flat(平坦的)。roughly adv. 大约(=about):roughly 40 minutes ≈ nearly 40 minutes。
【例句】The bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads to get to school.(公交车走崎岖的路到学校要将近 40 分钟。)
4. amazing / me z / adj. 令人惊喜的;令人惊叹的
【搭配】an amazing trip 一次奇妙的旅行;It's amazing that… ……真令人惊叹。
【辨析】amazing 修饰"事物",指事物本身令人惊叹;amazed 修饰"人",指人"感到惊讶的",常用于 be amazed at/by sth.(第 2 课时会重点学)。
【例句】—What do you think of your trip so far —Amazing!(——到目前为止你们觉得这趟旅行怎么样?——太棒了!)口语中 amazing 可单独作感叹答语。
5. supermarket / su p mɑ k t/ n. 超市
【巧记】合成词:super(超级的)+ market(市场)→ 超级市场。同类合成词:superman 超人、superstar 超级明星、highway 公路、greenhouse 温室(第 3 课时)。
【搭配】a supermarket down the street 街那头的超市;in the supermarket 在超市里;go to the supermarket 去超市。
【例句】Didn't I see a supermarket down the street (我是不是在街那头看到一家超市?)
6. sand /s nd/ n. 沙;沙子
【用法】sand 作"沙子"讲是不可数名词;表示"一片沙滩"时可加 -s(the sands)。
【拓展】sandy adj. 多沙的(sand+y,名词变形容词,如 sun→sunny),第 2 课时将学 sandy areas(沙地)。
【例句】The hills used to be covered with sand.(过去山上覆盖着沙子。)
7. age /e d / n. 年龄;很久(口语);时代
【搭配】for ages 很长时间(=for a long time);at the age of… 在……岁时;What's your age = How old are you ;the digital age 数字时代。
【例句】They haven't seen each other for ages!(他们很久没见面了!)注意 for ages 与现在完成时连用。
【易错】"多久没见"用 for ages 回答,"上次见面是什么时候"用 …ago 回答,两者不可混用。
8. build /b ld/ v. 建造;建立(built—built—built,不规则动词)
【搭配】build a new hospital 建一所新医院;build a road/railway 修路/铁路;build up 增进(健康);builder n. 建筑工人。
【例句】Our town has built a new hospital.(我们镇上(已经)建了一所新医院。)has built 是现在完成时,强调"医院已经建好、现在能用"这一结果。
【考点】build 的过去式、过去分词同为 built,属于本单元必会的不规则动词。
9. travel / tr vl/ v.&n. 旅行;行进
【搭配】travel far to do sth. 走很远去做某事;travel to… 去……旅行;traveller n. 旅行者。
【例句】We used to have to travel far to see a doctor.(我们过去看病要走很远的路。)
【注意】used to have to do sth. 是"过去不得不……"的叠加结构,两个"半情态动词"可直接连用。
10. change /t e nd / v. 改变;更换 n. 变化;零钱
【搭配】the biggest change 最大的变化;change…into… 把……变成……;great changes 巨大的变化;change one's mind 改变主意。
【例句】But the biggest change is on the hills.(但最大的变化是在山上。)
【考点】change 作"零钱"讲是不可数名词(Here is your change.),一词多义是中考考点。
【本课时重点短语详解】
1. be one's guide 当某人的导游
【用法】guide 前用形容词性物主代词或冠词。请求句式:Could you be my/our guide
【例句】Could you be our guide (你能当我们的导游吗?)
2. for ages 很长时间;好久
【用法】口语高频,与现在完成时连用,= for a long time。
【例句】They haven't seen each other for ages!(他们好久没见面了!)
【拓展】It's ages since… 自从……以来很久了。
3. so far 到目前为止
【用法】现在完成时的"金牌"标志词,常放句末。见到 so far 就想 have/has done。
【例句】What do you think of your trip so far (到目前为止,你们觉得这趟旅行怎么样?)
【拓展】同类标志词:up to now, until now, in the past few years。
4. guess what 你猜怎么着
【用法】口语开场白,用来引出令人惊讶或兴奋的消息,后面句子常接一般过去时或现在进行时。
【例句】Guess what My father and I are going to visit your hometown.(你猜怎么着?我和我爸爸要去你的家乡参观。)
5. travel far to do sth. 走很远的路去做某事
【结构】travel far(走远路)+ 目的状语 to do sth.。
【例句】We used to have to travel far to see a doctor.(我们过去看病要走很远的路。)
【仿写】They used to travel far to buy daily things.(他们过去买日用品要走很远。)
6. over rough roads 走崎岖不平的路
【用法】over 在此表示"(沿途)越过、经由",相当于 along/across;rough roads 是"路况差的路"。
【例句】Going to school by bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads.(坐公交走崎岖的路去上学要花将近 40 分钟。)
7. down the street 在街道那头;沿着街道
【用法】down 此处不表"向下",而是"沿着、朝……方向",可与 up 互换(up/down the street 沿街)。
【例句】Didn't I see a supermarket down the street (我是不是在街那头看到一家超市?)
8. be covered with… 被……覆盖
【用法】with 后接覆盖物(sand/trees/snow)。描述生态变化的核心短语(详见上文【语言点精讲】第 4 条)。
【例句】Now the hills have been covered with beautiful trees.(现在山上已经长满美丽的树木。)
9. not…until… 直到……才……
【用法】主句用否定式,until 后接时间点(10 years ago / 11 o'clock)。
【例句】We didn't have any good places for shopping until 10 years ago.(直到 10 年前,我们这儿才有像样的购物场所。)
10. the biggest change 最大的变化
【用法】big 的最高级 biggest,常与介词 on/in 连用点明变化发生在哪里。
【例句】But the biggest change is on the hills.(但最大的变化在山上。)
【仿写】The biggest change in my hometown is the new park.(我家乡最大的变化是新公园。)
【本课时核心句型精讲】
句型 1:It takes/took (sb.) +时间+ to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多长时间
【课文原句】It took half a day to reach the town. / Now, with the new roads, it takes only an hour.
【结构分析】It 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式 to do sth.;时间前可加 only 强调"快";with the new roads 是介词短语作状语,说明变化的原因("有了新路")。
【今昔对比】描述变化时最常用的套路:It took…(过去)→ Now it takes only…(现在),前后时间数字形成强烈反差。
【仿写】It used to take two hours to cross the river, but now it takes only ten minutes.
句型 2:What do you think of… (so far)  你觉得……(到目前为止)怎么样?
【课文原句】What do you think of your trip so far
【结构分析】What do you think of… = How do you like… = How do you feel about… 三种问法同义,都是征询评价。so far 提示"评价的是到目前为止的体验"。
【仿写】—What do you think of your new school so far —Amazing! I have made a lot of friends.
句型 3:sb. haven't/hasn't done sth. for +时间段 某人已经(多久)没做某事了
【课文原句】They haven't seen each other for ages!
【结构分析】现在完成时的否定式与 for +时间段连用,表示"从过去某时一直持续到现在没发生",回答 How long 的问题。see each other 互相见面(反身代词短语作宾语)。
【仿写】We haven't met each other for five years.(我们五年没见面了。)
句型 4:…didn't do sth. until +时间点 直到……才……
【课文原句】We didn't have any good places for shopping until 10 years ago.
【结构分析】not…until… 中主句动词是短暂性动作的否定,until 后接时间点。可换成 only…ago 句式:We only got good places for shopping 10 years ago.
【仿写】He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.(他直到做完作业才睡觉。)
句型 5:Didn't I see…  我不是……了吗?(否定疑问句)
【课文原句】Didn't I see a supermarket down the street
【结构分析】否定疑问句常用来表示惊讶或求证("我是不是……?"),语气比一般疑问句更强,期待肯定回答。回答时按事实答:—Yes, you did.(不,你看到了。)注意中英文答语习惯不同。
【仿写】—Didn't you visit this city 20 years ago —Yes, I did.(——你 20 年前不是来过这个城市吗?——是的,来过。)
句型 6:My father really wants to see how the place has changed since… 我很想看看自从……以来这里发生了怎样的变化
【课文原句】My father really wants to see how the place has changed since he last visited.
【结构分析】wants to see 后接 how 引导的宾语从句(注意用陈述语序);从句用现在完成时 has changed,与 since +过去时间(he last visited 他上次来访)呼应——这是全单元"语法主线"第一次在听力原文中亮相,务必让学生画出来。
【仿写】I want to know how the city has changed since I left.(我想知道自从我离开后这座城市发生了怎样的变化。)
【本课时语言点精讲】
1. reach v. 到达(及物动词,后直接接地点)
【原句】:It took half a day to reach the town.
辨析记忆:reach(vt.)= arrive in/at(vi.)= get to(vi.),三者同义但搭配不同——reach 后不加介词。arrive 后接大地方用 in、小地方用 at。写作中三者换用可避免重复。
【练习】:When we ________ (到达) the station, the train had left.(答案:reached)
2. It takes/took (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)多长时间
【原句】:It took half a day to reach the town.
The bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads to get to school.
【练习】:It took us three hours ________ ________ (finish) the housework.
★ 辨析拓展:四个“花费”(spend / take / cost / pay)一次分清(中考高频)
动词 主语 常用结构 考点与例句
spend 人(sb.) sb. spend(s) + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. 或 + on sth. 主语只能是“人”,时间、金钱都可接。例:We spent about three hours (in) getting to the town by bus.
take 形式主语 it;交通方式等事物也可作主语 It takes/took (sb.) + 时间 + to do sth.;The bus took (sb.) + 时间 + to do/get to… 只表“花费时间”。it 是形式主语,真正主语是后面的不定式。例:It took half a day to reach the town./The bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads to get to school.
cost 物/事(sth.) sth. cost(s) (sb.) + 金钱 只表“花费金钱”,主语是物,不能用人。例:The high-speed railway cost a lot of money.
pay 人(sb.) sb. pay(s) + 金钱 + for sth. “(人)付钱买某物”。例:People paid very little for the train ticket at that time.
3. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(现在不再做了)
【原句】:We used to have to travel far to see a doctor./They used to be covered with sand.
教学提示:本课时只要求“感知”——学生能看懂 used to do 表示“过去如此,现在不这样了”即可;完整的肯定、否定、疑问、反意疑问句及 be used to doing 辨析放在第 4 课时语法课统一突破。注意 used to 后接动词原形;have to 前也可用 used to(used to have to…)。
【练习】Tom used ________ ________ (be) a outgoing boys.
4. be covered with… 被……覆盖(强调覆盖物)
【原句】:They used to be covered with sand./they have been covered with beautiful trees.
讲解:cover 是动词“覆盖”,be covered with 表示状态“表面被……覆盖着”,with 后接覆盖物本身(sand, trees, snow);be covered by 强调动作执行者或整体遮盖。描写生态环境“由黄变绿”时它是招牌短语:The mountains are covered with green trees.(语法上 have been covered with… 是现在完成时的被动语态,本课时点到为止:“已经长满”,学生能理解即可。
【练习】The road is ________ (cover) with heavy snow.
5. over rough roads 在崎岖不平的路上
讲解:over 此处表示“越过、在……上(全程)”,相当于 along/across。
rough adj. 崎岖的、粗糙的(本单元高频词),反义词 smooth/wide and flat。6. 6.until 与 not…until…
【原句】:We didn't have any good places for shopping until 10 years ago.(直到 10 年前我们都没有像样的购物场所。)
讲解:主句是否定句,not…until… 意为“直到……才……”。也可换成
We only got good places for shopping 10 years ago.
【练习】My father ________ ________ (not come) back until 11 o’clock yesterday .
7. so far 到目前为止
【原句】:What do you think of your trip so far (到目前为止)
so far 是现在完成时标志词,后面凡是“到目前为止已经完成的事”都要用 have/has done。让学生在本单元养成“见 so far、since、for + 时间段、in the past few years → 想现在完成时”的反应。
【练习】I ________ ________ ________ (be) Beijing three times so far.
【本课时即时演练】(答案见文末附录)
用所给词的正确形式填空:
Now the hills of Li Rui's hometown __________ (cover) with beautiful trees, but they used to ___________ (cover) with sand.
句型转换:It took half a day to reach the town.
________ ________ did it take to reach the town
单项选择:—When did George's father last visit Li Rui's hometown —__.
A. For ages B. About 20 years ago C. Since 2017 D. Last spring
汉译英:我小时候,坐公交车去学校要花将近 40 分钟。
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