新人教版九年级英语Unit 1 The Changing World教学设计第二课时2a-2d

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新人教版九年级英语Unit 1 The Changing World教学设计第二课时2a-2d

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新人教版(2026秋)九年级英语上册
Unit 1 The Changing World 单元教学设计
第 2 课时 Section A 2a—2d:荒漠变绿洲,治沙如何改变生活
【学习目标】
能就四种环境问题按严重程度排序并简要说明理由(2a);
能听懂"过去(Past)—行动(Action)—现在(Present)"三段式叙事,抓住关键词完成 2c 表格;
掌握 sandstorm、farmland shortage、lack of、be amazed by、hold the soil together、by hand、sandy areas、since then、improve 等词汇短语;
进一步体会现在完成时(have planted…since then)表示"从过去持续到现在的行动与结果"。
【学习重难点】
学习重点:
1. 听懂“过去(Past)—行动(Action)—现在(Present)”三段式叙事,完成 2c 表格;
2. 掌握 sandstorm、lack of、be amazed by、hold the soil together、by hand 等词汇短语;
3. 正确使用比较级叠加结构(getting smaller and smaller)与 fewer/less。
学习难点:
1. fewer/less 的选择:先判断名词可数与否;
2. 现在完成时 have planted…since then 表示“从过去持续到现在的行动与结果”;
3. 听力中时间线索词的捕捉,防止信息张冠李戴。
学情诊断与突破提示:
学生常见问题①:听不出时间线索,信息张冠李戴。突破:听前把表格三栏译成中文(过去问题/采取行动/现在成果),带着"动词短语归哪一栏"的意识去听。
学生常见问题②:fewer / less 不分。突破:先判断名词可数与否——sandstorms、buses 可数用 fewer;sand、water、time 不可数用 less。
学生常见问题③:比较级叠加结构(getting smaller and smaller)不熟。突破:口头齐读三遍原句,再仿说 The trees are getting taller and taller.
育人点拨:治沙成果不是凭空而来,而是"人的坚持+政府支持+技术(机器)"共同作用的结果,顺势渗透生态文明理念。
【教学准备】
◆ 多媒体课件(荒漠变绿洲对比图片、治沙短视频);
◆ 教材配套听力音频(2b/2c);
◆ Past—Action—Present 三栏表格(印入学案);
◆ 彩色粉笔、三栏表格板书示意图。
【教学过程】
2a. 排序与讨论(导入):把下列四个问题从 1(最严重)排到 4(最不严重),并说明理由:
问题 含义
sandstorms 沙尘暴
water shortage 水资源短缺
farmland shortage 耕地短缺
lack of technology 缺乏技术
参考答案(开放题,言之有理即可):如 1 sandstorms → 2 farmland shortage → 3 lack of technology → 4 difficult environment。理由可用句型:Because sandstorms make it hard for people to live and grow crops.(教师不必统一答案,重点是用 because 说出理由。)
2b .听大意(George 的父亲 Bob 与 Li Rui 爷爷的对话):判断对话提到 2a 中的哪些问题。
参考答案:提到了 sandstorms(沙尘暴) 和 farmland shortage(耕地短缺——田地变得越来越小);对话还整体呈现了 "difficult environment"。听前提醒学生:问题词在录音里可能以同义表达出现,如 fields getting smaller and smaller 即指 farmland shortage。
2c. 听细节填表(本课时重难点):先读表格,明确三段结构(Past 过去 / Action 行动 / Present 现在),边听边记关键词。表格答案如下(与教材词库一致)。
阶段 完整答案
Past There used to be sandstorms all the time, and the fields were getting smaller and smaller.
Action Locals worked by hand (at first). Locals found a bush. It had long roots that could hold the soil together. They began planting it in sandy areas, with the government's support. Later, they had machines to help.
Present The corn fields are huge. They have planted many bushes and trees since then. There are fewer sandstorms now, and the environment is getting better. It has improved local lives.
2b/2c 听力原文
Bob: I'm amazed by how green your hometown has become!
Grandpa: Have you seen the corn fields outside of the town yet
Bob: Yeah! They're huge!
Grandpa: There used to be sandstorms all the time, and the fields were getting smaller and smaller. Then, after one big sandstorm, we decided to do something.
Bob: What did you do
Grandpa: We found a small bush. It had long roots that could hold the soil together. We began planting it in sandy areas. The government provided support too.
Bob: Wasn't it difficult to plant so many bushes
Grandpa: Yes, it was. In the beginning, we worked by hand. Later, we had machines to help. We have planted many bushes and trees since then. There are fewer sandstorms now and the environment is getting better. It has also improved our lives. Everyone has become richer and happier.
(译文)鲍勃:你们的家乡变得这么绿,真让我惊讶!/爷爷:你们看过镇外那些玉米地了吗?/鲍勃:看了!它们真大!/爷爷:以前这里沙尘暴不断,田地变得越来越小。后来,一场大沙尘暴过后,我们决定做点什么。/鲍勃:你们做了什么?/爷爷:我们找到了一种小灌木,它的根很长,能把土壤固定住。我们开始在沙地种它,政府也给了支持。/鲍勃:种那么多灌木难道不难吗?/爷爷:难啊。一开始全靠手工,后来有了机器帮忙。从那时起我们种了许多灌木和树。现在沙尘暴少了,环境也越来越好,生活也因此改善了。大家都变得更富裕、更幸福了。
听力策略点拨:这类"环境治理"听力是按 Past → Action → Present 的时间线展开的。听前先看表格分栏;听时第一遍抓"过去的问题"(sandstorms、fields smaller),第二遍抓"人的做法"(by hand→machines、plant bush、government support),第三遍抓"现在的成果"(huge、fewer、better、improved)。表格题以关键词为主,不必写整句。
2d 口头讨论(输出):仿照模板谈论"问题是如何解决的":
A: The area used to be covered with sand.
B: What did they do to solve this problem
A: They planted bushes and trees. The land has become green now.
引导学生回答时用上 used to / began planting / with the government's support / since then / get better,把听力输入转化为口语输出。
【板书设计】
荒漠变绿洲(From Sand to Green)
Past:sandstorms/fields smaller and smaller/worked by hand
Action:decided to plant trees with long roots
Present:fewer sandstorms/much greener/by machine
主旨:Changes = 人的坚持 + 政府支持 + 技术
【本课时单词详解】
1. sandstorm / s ndst m/ n. 沙尘暴(可数名词)
【巧记】合成词:sand(沙)+ storm(暴风雨)→ 携带沙子的"风暴"。同类:rainstorm 暴风雨、snowstorm 暴风雪、thunderstorm 雷暴。
【搭配】There used to be sandstorms all the time.(过去沙尘暴不断。)
【易错】sandstorms 是可数名词复数,"沙尘暴更少了"要说 fewer sandstorms(不用 less)。
2. farmland / fɑ ml nd/ n. 农田;耕地(不可数名词)
【巧记】合成词:farm(农场)+ land(土地)。同类合成词:grassland 草原、woodland 林地、homeland 家园。
【搭配】farmland shortage 耕地短缺;protect farmland 保护耕地。
【语境】听力中 fields getting smaller and smaller(田地越来越小)就是 farmland shortage 的同义表达,提醒学生"同义转换"意识。
3. shortage / t d / n. 短缺;不足;缺乏
【构词】short(adj. 短的、缺乏的)+ -age(名词后缀)→ shortage。同类构词:advantage 优点、passage 段落。
【搭配】a shortage of… ……的短缺:a water/farmland shortage 水资源/耕地短缺;= a lack of…。
【例句】The area has a serious water shortage.(该地区严重缺水。)
4. bush /b / n. 灌木(比 tree 矮小、无明显主干的木本植物)
【搭配】plant bushes 种灌木;a small bush 一株小灌木。
【辨析】bush(灌木,矮小丛生)vs tree(乔木,高大有主干)vs grass(草,草本)。治沙课文中 bush 的关键作用在于它的 long roots(长根)能固土。
【例句】We found a small bush. It had long roots that could hold the soil together.
5. root /ru t/ n. 根;根源;起因
【搭配】long roots 长根;the root of the problem 问题的根源;put down roots 生根落户。
【例句】It had long roots that could hold the soil together.(它有能固土的长根。)
【考点】root 的本义"树根"与引申义"根源"都是阅读高频义。
6. soil /s l/ n. 土壤(不可数名词)
【辨析】soil(土壤,供植物生长)vs sand(沙子)vs land(陆地、土地,强调"地"这一概念)vs earth(泥土;地球)。"保持水土"译为 hold the soil / keep the soil from being washed away。
【例句】The roots can hold the soil together.(树根能把土壤固定住。)
7. sandy / s ndi/ adj. 多沙的;沙色的
【构词】sand + y → sandy。名词+y 构成形容词是高频构词法:sun→sunny, cloud→cloudy, wind→windy, rain→rainy, health→healthy, luck→lucky。
【搭配】sandy areas 沙地(复数名词作定语注意单复数:sandy 是形容词不变)。
【例句】We began planting it in sandy areas.(我们开始在沙地里种它。)
8. machine /m i n/ n. 机器(可数名词)
【搭配】by machine 用机器(与 by hand 相对);washing machine 洗衣机;machine 的重音在第二音节 / i n/。
【例句】In the beginning, we worked by hand. Later, we had machines to help.(起初我们手工劳作,后来有了机器帮忙。)
【考点】have machines to help 中 to help 作后置定语(帮忙的机器),have sth. to do 结构复现于第 5 课时(have more fresh food to eat)。
9. government / ɡ v nm nt/ n. 政府
【发音】重音在第一音节,注意与 govern(v. 治理)区分。
【搭配】the government provided support 政府提供了支持;local/central government 地方/中央政府。
【例句】The government provided support too.(政府也提供了支持。)
【考点】government 作主语时谓语可用单数(强调整体)或复数(强调成员),中考按单数处理。
10. support /s p t/ n.&v. 支持;支撑;供养
【搭配】with the government's support 在政府的支持下;provide support 提供支持;support sb. in (doing) sth. 在某事上支持某人;in support of 支持(某观点)。
【例句】The government provided support too.(政府也提供了支持。)
【巧记】sup-(下面)+ port(搬运、扛)→ 在下面扛着 → 支撑、支持。同根词:import 进口、export 出口、transport 运输(第 5 课时)。
11. improve / m pru v/ v. 改善;改进;提高
【搭配】improve our lives/the environment 改善我们的生活/环境;improve (oneself) 提升自我;improvement n. 改进(a great improvement 巨大的进步)。
【例句】It has also improved our lives.(它还改善了我们的生活。)
【考点】improve 本身含"变得更好"之意,不能再说 improve better(×)。improve 既可及物(improve sth.)也可不及物(The environment is improving.)。
12. environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 环境
【发音】注意重音 / n va r nm nt/,拼写中有一个 n 容易漏。
【搭配】protect/improve the environment 保护/改善环境;the environment is getting better 环境正在变好;environmental adj. 环境的(environmental protection 环境保护)。
【例句】There are fewer sandstorms now, and the environment is getting better.
13. local / l kl/ adj. 当地的;本地的
【搭配】local people/locals 当地人;the local market 当地市场;local products 本地产品(第 3 课时会复现)。
【例句】Locals worked by hand at first.(起初当地人靠手工劳作。)
【考点】local 前常加 the 表"当地民众":the locals。
14. provide /pr va d/ v. 提供;供应
【搭配】provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物(双介词搭配是中考高频)。
【例句】The government provided support (for the villagers).(政府(为村民)提供了支持。)
【仿写】The school provides students with free lunches.(学校为学生提供免费午餐。)
15. corn /k n/ n. 玉米;(英)谷物
【搭配】corn fields 玉米地;grow corn 种玉米。
【例句】Have you seen the corn fields outside of the town yet (你们看过镇外的玉米地了吗?)
【文化】英式英语中 corn 泛指"谷物",美式英语专指"玉米"。
【本课时重点短语详解】
1. be amazed by/at… 对……感到惊讶
【用法】amazed(人)感到惊讶的,主语是人;搭配介词 at/by 均可。amazing(事物)令人惊叹的。
【例句】I'm amazed by how green your hometown has become!(你家乡变得这么绿,真让我惊讶!)
【考点】how green… has become 是"感叹式宾语从句",has become 用现在完成时强调"已经变绿"。
2. all the time 一直;始终
【用法】= always / at all times,作时间状语,常放句末。
【例句】There used to be sandstorms all the time.(过去沙尘暴不断。)
【拓展】at times 有时;from time to time 不时地;on time 准时;in time 及时。
3. smaller and smaller 越来越小(比较级+and+比较级)
【用法】"比较级 and 比较级"表"越来越……",单音节词重复比较级(smaller and smaller),多音节词用 more and more+原级(more and more beautiful)。
【例句】The fields were getting smaller and smaller.(田地变得越来越小。)
【仿写】The environment is getting better and better.(环境越来越好。)
4. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
【用法】decide v. 决定;decision n. 决定。make a decision to do sth. = decide to do sth.。也可接 that 从句。
【例句】After one big sandstorm, we decided to do something.(一场大沙尘暴过后,我们决定做点什么。)
【拓展】同类结构:choose to do, hope to do, plan to do。
5. hold the soil together 把土壤固定住;固土
【用法】hold…together 使……结成整体、固定住。环境话题的核心短语。
【例句】It had long roots that could hold the soil together.(它有能固土的长根。)
【拓展】hold 的其他义:hold a meeting 开会;hold on 等一下(电话用语);hold one's breath 屏住呼吸。
6. in sandy areas 在沙地地区
【用法】area 是可数名词,"地区"常用复数 areas;sandy 作定语。
【例句】We began planting it in sandy areas.(我们开始在沙地里种植它。)
【搭配】area 的其他短语:in the area of… 在……领域;a parking area 停车区。
7. with the government's support 在政府的支持下
【用法】= with the support of the government。with one's support 是"背景条件"类介词短语,写作中用来交代"变化靠什么实现"。
【仿写】With the teacher's support, I have made great progress.(在老师的支持下,我取得了很大进步。)
【写作迁移】第 1 课时 With the new roads…、本课时 with the government's support、第 5 课时 with China's help——"with+名词"表条件/手段是本单元写作暗线。
8. by hand 用手工;靠手工
【用法】介词短语作方式状语,前面不加冠词,与 by machine(用机器)相对。
【例句】In the beginning, we worked by hand.(起初我们手工劳作。)
【拓展】"by+零冠词名词"表方式:by bus/train/air, by mistake, by chance。
9. since then 从那时起
【用法】since + 过去时间点(then 指上文的"那时"),所在句子用现在完成时。
【例句】We have planted many bushes and trees since then.(从那时起我们种了许多灌木和树。)
【同类】since 2017, since last year, since he left——都是"完成时信号"。
10. get better 变好;好转
【用法】get 是系动词,后接形容词作表语:get better/worse/richer。= become/improve。
【例句】The environment is getting better.(环境正在好转。)
【易错】不能用 get well 表"环境变好"(well 指人身体健康)。
【本课时核心句型精讲】
句型 1:There used to be +名词 过去曾有(现在没有了)……
【课文原句】There used to be sandstorms all the time, and the fields were getting smaller and smaller.
【结构分析】there be 句型与 used to 结合,表示"过去存在某事物、现在不复存在",是描述"过去的糟糕状况"的开场句。be 用原形,因为 used to 后接动词原形。
【仿写】There used to be a small river here.(这里过去有条小河。)
【联想】There is/are…(现在存在)→ There used to be…(过去存在)→ There have been…(至今已经出现)。
句型 2:sth. has/have +过去分词 +since then 从那时起……已经……(现在完成时核心句)
【课文原句】We have planted many bushes and trees since then.
【结构分析】since then(时间起点)+ have planted(从起点延续/累积到现在的动作)。这是"行动(Action)"栏目的标志性句式:过去采取的行动现在已经积累出成果。
【仿写】They have cleaned up the river since then.(从那时起他们已经把河清理干净了。)
【对比】We planted trees last year.(只说去年种了树这件事——一般过去时)→ We have planted many trees since last year.(强调到现在种了很多——现在完成时)。
句型 3:It had long roots that could hold the soil together. 它有能固土的长根。(that 引导的定语从句)
【课文原句】It had long roots that could hold the soil together.
【结构分析】先行词 roots(物),关系代词 that 在从句中作主语,不可省略。阅读时先找主句 It had long roots,再理解 that 后面的修饰。
【仿写】We planted trees that could grow fast in the desert.(我们种了能在沙漠里快速生长的树。)
【中考链接】that/which 指物作主语时从句谓语与先行词保持数的一致:roots that could…(复数)。
句型 4:There are fewer…now, and…is getting better. 现在……更少了,……正在变好(成果汇报句)
【课文原句】There are fewer sandstorms now, and the environment is getting better. It has also improved our lives.
【结构分析】"成果(Present)"栏目的三连句:fewer+可数复数(数量减少)→ get better(状态好转)→ improve our lives(生活受益)。用 and 串起递进关系,是复述治沙成果的现成框架。
【仿写】There are fewer cars now, the air is getting fresher, and it has improved our health.
句型 5:Wasn't it difficult to…  难道……不难吗?(否定疑问句表惊讶)
【课文原句】Wasn't it difficult to plant so many bushes
【结构分析】否定疑问句表达惊讶或加强语气,It 是形式主语,真正主语是 to plant so many bushes。回答按事实:—Yes, it was.(不,很难。)
【仿写】—Wasn't it expensive to build the bridge —Yes, it was.(——建这座桥难道不贵吗?——不,很贵。)
句型 6:Everyone has become +比较级+and+比较级. 每个人都变得更……了
【课文原句】Everyone has become richer and happier.
【结构分析】become 是系动词,接比较级并列表语;has become 用现在完成时强调"变化已经实现"。richer and happier 两个比较级用 and 并列。
【仿写】Our town has become cleaner and more beautiful.(我们的镇变得更干净、更漂亮了。)
【本课时语言点精讲】
1. be amazed by / at sth. 对……感到惊讶
【原句】:I'm amazed by how green your hometown has become!
讲解:amaze v. 使惊讶;
amazed adj.(人)感到惊讶的
be amazed at/by…;amazing adj.(事物)令人惊讶的。
搭配记忆:be amazed by/at + 事物。
例句:We were amazed at the speed of the changes.
变化之快令我们惊讶。
【练习】It is ________ that I have past the English competitions.
2. all the time 一直,始终
【原句】:There used to be sandstorms all the time.
讲解:相当于 always/at all times,作时间状语。
拓展:at times 有时;from time to time 不时地。
【练习题】
翻译句子:如果你有需要,我会一直帮助你。
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3. 比较级 + and + 比较级"越来越……"
【原句】:the fields were getting smaller and smaller(田地越来越小)
讲解:get/become + 比较级 and 比较级,表"变得越来越……"。
同类:The weather is getting colder and colder.
注意:单音节词用 -er and -er(smaller and smaller),多音节词用 more and more + 原级(more and more beautiful)。
【练习】The scenery in my hometown becomes ________ and ________.
我家乡的风景变得越来越美丽。
4. decide to do sth. 决定做某事
【原句】:…after one big sandstorm, we decided to do something.
讲解:decide v. 决定
decision n. 决定(make a decision)
decide to do sth
decide +that从句
【练习】I have ________ ________ (decide) go on a vacation to Beijing.
5. hold the soil together 把土壤固定在一起(固土)
【原句】:It had long roots that could hold the soil together.
讲解:hold 此处意为"使保持、托住";soil n. 土壤(= earth/land)。这句话还含一个定语从句:roots that could hold the soil together(能固土的根)。环境话题中"保持水土"常用 hold the soil / keep the soil from being washed away。
6. sandy areas 沙地地区;with the government's support 在政府的支持下
【原句】:We began planting it in sandy areas. The government provided support too.
讲解:sand n. 沙 → sandy adj. 多沙的
(名词变形容词加 -y:sun→sunny, cloud→cloudy, wind→windy)。
support n./v. 支持;with one's support = with the support of sb.。
注意 begin doing sth. = begin to do sth.。
7. by hand 用手工;have machines to help 有机器帮忙
【原句】:In the beginning, we worked by hand. Later, we had machines to help.
讲解:by hand(用手工,不用机器)与 by machine(用机器)相对。
注意:介词短语 by hand 前不加冠词。
【练习】All the gifts are made ________ ________.(用手工)
8. since then 从那时起(现在完成时标志词)
【原句】:We have planted many bushes and trees since then.
讲解:since then 表示"从过去的某个时间点一直到现在",与现在完成时连用。同类标志词:so far、over the last few years、in the past few years。
9. fewer 更少的(修饰可数名词复数)
【原句】:There are fewer sandstorms now.
讲解:few → fewer → fewest 修饰可数名词;
little → less → least 修饰不可数名词。如:fewer buses 更少的公交车;less water 更少的水。
【练习】The countryside has ________ (few) tall buildings.
10. improve v. 改善,提高
原句:It has also improved our lives.
讲解:improve = make/get better;名词 improvement。既可作及物(improve our lives)也可作不及物(The environment is getting better.)。
【本课时即时演练】(答案见文末附录)
用所给词的正确形式填空:
There used to be ________ (sandstorm) all the time, and the fields were getting ________ and ________ (small).
根据汉语完成句子:
这种灌木的根很长,能把土壤固定住。The bush had long roots that could ____________ together.
单项选择:They have planted many trees and bushes ________ then, so there are sandstorms now. 
A. since; fewer B. for; fewer C. since; less D. from; less
同义句转换:The environment has got better. → The environment has __________ .

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