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新人教版（2026秋）九年级英语上册
Unit 1 The Changing World　单元教学设计
第 5 课时　Section B 1a—1f：On the Fast Track
【学习目标】
学会用"预测（Making predictions）"策略读前猜大意：标题＋图片能帮你猜文章内容；
能用数字定位事实（1c），完成新旧铁路信息表（1e），并回答深层理解问题（1d）；
掌握长难句：复合形容词（480-kilometre）、过去分词短语作后置定语（built with China's help）、with ease、as a result 等；
理解"国际合作带来发展变化"，回应单元大问题 What brings about changes
【学习重难点】
学习重点：
1. 运用“读前预测”策略，借助标题与图片猜测文章大意；
2. 用数字定位事实（1c），完成新旧铁路信息表（1e）；
3. 掌握长难句：复合形容词（480-kilometre）、过去分词短语作后置定语（built with China's help）、with ease、as a result。
学习难点：
1. 长句断句：先找主干（谁＋做了什么），再判断修饰关系；
2. million／millions、hundreds of 与具体数字的搭配规则；
3. 把握新闻报道文体结构：引入→对比→引语→总结。
学情诊断与突破提示：
学生常见问题①：长句读不断句。突破：先找主干（谁 + 做了什么），再问"哪个短语是修饰谁的"。如 built in 1901 / built with China's help 划出来当"插入说明"处理。
学生常见问题②：数字与事实对不上（1c）。突破：用"扫读"策略——只找数字所在的句子，不逐词读。考试中这种题最忌精读全文。
学生常见问题③：million／millions、hundreds of 与具体数字混用。突破：口诀"前有数字不加 s，后有 of 就加 s"。
学生常见问题④：看不出文体与结构。突破：提示学生本文是新闻报道（news report），结构为"引入（旧铁路问题）→ 对比（新铁路优势）→ 引语（三类人评价）→ 总结（国际合作）"，为中考"任务型阅读"打基础。
【教学准备】
◆ 多媒体课件（蒙内铁路地图、新旧铁路对比图片）；
◆ 新旧铁路信息对比表（印入学案）；
◆ 数字定位“扫读”任务单；
◆ 彩色粉笔（时间轴板书用）。
【教学过程】
1a/1b.读前预测（Pre-reading）：看标题 On the Fast Track 与插图，猜课文内容。
Look at the title and the picture. What's the text probably about
Does your hometown have a train system How does it benefit local lives
参考回答：It's probably about a fast train／a new railway in Kenya, and how it changes people's lives.
1c.数字匹配（Scanning 寻读）：快速扫读，把数字与信息配对。答案如下：
数字 对应信息
2017 the year the new railway was opened
1901 the year the old railway line was completed
more than 2 million the number of people who use the new train every year
480 the length of the Mombasa–Nairobi railway in kilometres
10 the hours it used to take to reach Nairobi from Mombasa by train
about 4 the hours it takes to reach Nairobi from Mombasa now by train
课文原文 On the Fast Track
In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa–Nairobi railway was opened. Before then, the only transport links between Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and Nairobi, Kenya's capital, were rough roads and an old railway line built in 1901. The old trains were very slow. It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.
However, the new railway, built with China's help, has already cut the travel time between Mombasa and Nairobi to about four hours for passengers. Now, more than two million people use it every year.
Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway. A government worker said, "I'm very happy with the new railway built by our Chinese friends. Many changes have taken place in the town over the last few years, and the people who live here have become rich." A businessman said, "My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good. It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money. I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease." The railway has also made the transport of food easier. "Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains," said a supermarket manager. As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat.
Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.
（译文）2017 年，全长 480 公里的蒙巴萨—内罗毕新铁路通车了。在此之前，连接肯尼亚主要港口蒙巴萨与首都内罗毕的交通方式，只有崎岖的公路和一条建于 1901 年的旧铁路。旧火车非常慢，从蒙巴萨乘火车到内罗毕要花 10 个小时。然而，在中国帮助下修建的新铁路，已把蒙巴萨到内罗毕的客运时间缩短到约 4 小时。如今每年有超过 200 万人乘坐这条铁路。当地肯尼亚人从新铁路中受益良多。一位政府工作人员说："我对中国朋友修建的这条新铁路非常满意。过去几年镇上发生了许多变化，住在这里的人们富起来了。"一位商人说："自 2017 年以来我乘坐这条火车的体验一直很好，它很方便，花费也不多。我能准时到达各地，轻松地谈成生意。"这条铁路还让粮食运输变得更加便利。"过去在两个城市之间运粮要动用几百辆卡车，现在只需两三列火车，"一位超市经理说。因此，人们现在能吃到更多新鲜的食物。虽然中国与肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路表明，不同国家能够携起手来，共同建设一个更美好的世界。
1d.读后问答：参考答案——
问题 参考答案
1. What type of writing is the text It is a news report (about the new Mombasa–Nairobi railway).
2. What was the problem with the old railway It was very slow — it took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.
3. How have local Kenyans benefited from the new railway Travel is faster (about four hours) and cheap; people can get to places on time and make business deals with ease; food transport is easier, so people have more fresh food; towns have developed and people have become rich.
4. Why is it important to make food transport easier Because easier food transport means people can get more fresh food.
5. What does "On the Fast Track" mean Literally it means running on a very fast railway track. Here it means the town and people's lives are developing and improving quickly — just like being on a fast track.
1e.完成信息表：用文章信息补全新旧铁路对比表与"变化结果"表。参考答案：
项目 The old railway The new railway
建成／通车时间 completed in 1901 opened in 2017
速度／耗时 very slow; took 10 hours for the journey cuts the travel time to about 4 hours
使用人数 few more than 2 million people every year
方面 具体内容
locals' feelings（政府工作人员） happy with the new railway; many changes have taken place and people have become rich
business（商人） convenient and cheap; can get to places on time and make business deals with ease
food transport（超市经理） much easier; used to take hundreds of lorries, now only two or three trains; people have more fresh food
conclusion The railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.
1f.讨论迁移：你还听说／见过世界上其他类似的变化吗？在哪儿、发生了什么？教师可补充中国"一带一路"交通合作案例：China–Laos Railway（中老铁路）——连接昆明与万象，帮助老挝从"陆锁国"变为"陆联国"；Jakarta–Bandung High-Speed Railway（雅万高铁）——印尼乃至东南亚首条高速铁路。学生用一两句话介绍即可。
【板书设计】
On the Fast Track（蒙内铁路）
Old（1901）：slow／built in 1901
New（2017）：480-kilometre／built with China's help／with ease
People：passengers／business owners／workers → benefit a lot
主旨：International cooperation brings about changes.
【本课时单词详解】
1. track /tr k/ n. 轨道；路线；（本文标题引申义）快车道　v. 追踪
【搭配】on the fast track 在快车道上；railway tracks 铁轨。
【标题解码】On the Fast Track 字面义"在快速轨道上"（蒙内铁路车速快），引申义"（小镇与人们的生活）驶入发展快车道"。一语双关是英文标题的常见手法。
【例句】The title On the Fast Track has a double meaning.
2. port /p t/ n. 港口；口岸
【巧记】import 进口（im-往里＋port 港口→运进港）、export 出口（ex-往外＋port→运出港）、transport 运输——port 家族都与"装卸货的口岸"有关。
【搭配】Kenya's main port 肯尼亚的主要港口；a coastal port 沿海港口。
【例句】Mombasa, Kenya's main port…（蒙巴萨，肯尼亚的主要港口……）
3. capital / k p tl/ n. 首都；省会；资本；大写字母
【搭配】Kenya's capital 肯尼亚的首都；the capital city 省会城市；capital letter 大写字母。
【例句】Nairobi, Kenya's capital…（内罗毕，肯尼亚的首都……）
【考点】capital 的多义性（首都/资本/大写字母）是词汇题常客；"首都"义前常与国名所有格连用。
4. passenger / p s nd (r)/ n. 乘客；旅客（可数名词）
【巧记】pass（经过）＋ -enger → 从旁边经过的人 → 乘客。
【搭配】for passengers 对乘客而言；passenger trains 客车。
【例句】The new railway has already cut the travel time…to about four hours for passengers.（新铁路已把两地客运时间缩短到约 4 小时。）
【拓展】乘客相关：driver 司机、conductor 列车员、commuter 通勤者。
5. benefit / ben f t/ v. 受益；得益于　n. 好处；益处
【搭配】benefit from… 从……中受益；be of benefit to sb. 对某人有好处；for the benefit of… 为了……的利益。
【例句】Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.（当地肯尼亚人从新铁路中受益良多。）
【考点】benefit 作动词重音在前，双写 t 拼写注意；benefit sb.（使某人受益）与 benefit from sth.（从……受益）方向相反，别用反。
6. experience / k sp ri ns/ n. 经历（可数）；经验（不可数）　v. 经历；体验
【辨析】an unforgettable experience 一次难忘的经历（可数）；rich experience 丰富的经验（不可数）。
【搭配】the experience of doing sth. 做某事的体验；experience n.＋ of 短语：
【例句】My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good.（自 2017 年以来我乘火车的体验一直很好。）
【考点】"经验"不可数、"经历"可数，看语境判断是高频单选题。
7. convenient /k n vi ni nt/ adj. 方便的；便利的
【搭配】It is convenient for sb. to do sth.（某人做某事很方便）；a convenient way of… 一种便利的方式；convenience n. 便利（for convenience 为方便起见）。
【例句】It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money.（它很方便，花费也不多。）
【易错】不说 sb. is convenient（×），要说 It is convenient for sb.。
8. deal /di l/ n. 交易；协议　v. (dealt—dealt) 处理；对付
【搭配】make business deals 做生意、达成商业交易；make a deal with sb. 与某人达成协议；deal with… 处理、应对（＝ do with）。
【例句】I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease.
【考点】deal 作动词时过去式/过去分词为 dealt；a great deal of＋不可数名词（大量的）。
9. lorry / l ri/ n. （英式）卡车（＝美式 truck）
【搭配】hundreds of lorries 数百辆卡车；carry food 运送粮食。
【例句】Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities.（过去两城之间运粮要用数百辆卡车。）
【文化】英式/美式词汇对照：lorry–truck 卡车、flat–apartment 公寓、holiday–vacation 假期（第 6 课 flat 会再出现）。
10. fresh /fre / adj. 新鲜的；新的；淡的
【搭配】fresh food 新鲜的食物；fresh air 新鲜空气；fresh water 淡水。
【例句】As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat.（因此，人们现在能吃到更多新鲜食物。）
【考点】fresh water（淡水）与 sea water（海水）相对，一词多义。
11. transport n. / tr nsp t/ 运输　v. /tr n sp t/ 运送（名前动后双读音）
【搭配】the transport of food 粮食运输；public transport 公共交通；transport links 交通线路。
【例句】The railway has also made the transport of food easier.（这条铁路还让粮食运输更便利了。）
【考点】词形不变、重音移动改变词性（record/insult 同类），完形填空中判断词性靠重音与搭配。
12. manager / m n d (r)/ n. 经理；管理者
【词族】manage v. 管理；设法做到（manage to do 成功做成）→ manager n. 经理 → management n. 管理。
【例句】…said a supermarket manager.（一位超市经理说。）
【考点】manage to do（成功做成）与 try to do（努力去做）结果不同，是经典辨析。
13. businessman / b zn sm n/ n. 商人（复数 businessmen）
【构词】合成词：business（生意）＋ man → 生意人。对应 female：businesswoman（复数 businesswomen）。
【例句】A businessman said, "My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good."
【考点】复合名词变复数时"核心词"变：men drivers / businessmen。
14. million / m lj n/ num. 百万
【用法】具体数字＋million（不加 -s 不加 of）：two million people；约数 millions of：millions of people 数百万人。
【例句】Now, more than two million people use it every year.
【口诀】"前有数字不加 s，后有 of 必加 s"（hundred/thousand/million/billion 通用）。
【本课时重点短语详解】
1. benefit from… 从……中受益
【用法】benefit from ＝ gain from。主语是"受益者"。
【例句】Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.
【仿写】Students have benefited a lot from the online courses.（学生们从网课中受益良多。）
【拓展】反方向：sth. benefits sb.（某物使某人受益）。
2. with ease 轻松地；毫不费力地
【用法】＝ easily。介词 with＋抽象名词表方式，是书面语"高级替代"。同类：with care 小心地、with pride 自豪地。
【例句】…and make business deals with ease.（……并且轻松地谈成生意。）
【写作提升】把 easily 升级为 with ease，作文档次立刻不同。
3. as a result 结果；因此
【用法】副词性短语，后接结果分句；as a result of＋名词＝ because of。
【例句】As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat.
【逻辑链】运力提升（两三列火车）→ as a result → 更新鲜的食物。写作中用它显化因果。
4. on time / in time 准时 / 及时
【辨析】on time 按（约定）时刻准时；in time 及时（来得及）。
【例句】I am able to get to places on time.（我能准时到达各地。）
【仿写】Luckily, the doctors arrived in time to save the boy.（幸好医生及时赶到救了男孩。）
5. make business deals 做生意；达成商业交易
【用法】deal 可数：make a deal / make deals with sb.。
【例句】I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease.
【拓展】a big deal 大事；It's a deal. 一言为定。
6. cut…to… / cut…by… 把……削减到 / 削减了……
【用法】cut A to B（结果：削减到 B）；cut A by B（幅度：削减了 B）。
【例句】The new railway has already cut the travel time…to about four hours.（新铁路已把出行时间缩短到约 4 小时。）
【考点】cut—cut—cut（原形、过去式、过去分词同形）；cut down 砍倒、削减。
7. hundreds of 数以百计的（约数）
【用法】hundreds of＋复数名词；有具体数字时 hundred 不变：three hundred。本课数字词群：more than two million / hundreds of lorries。
【例句】Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities.
【易错】× two hundreds of people two hundred people。
8. far away from each other 彼此相距遥远
【用法】far away from… 离……很远；each other 相互（两人间），one another（多人间，可互换）。
【例句】Although China and Kenya are far away from each other…（尽管中肯两国相距遥远……）
【点拨】"距离远"与"携手合作"的反差正是全文主旨所在。
9. be happy with… 对……满意/高兴
【用法】＝ be satisfied with / be pleased with。
【例句】I'm very happy with the new railway built by our Chinese friends.（我对中国朋友修的新铁路非常满意。）
【拓展】built by our Chinese friends 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 railway。
10. work together to do sth. 携手做某事；合作做某事
【用法】to do 表目的。国际合作话题的点睛短语。
【例句】…the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.
【仿写】Let's work together to protect the environment.（让我们携手保护环境。）
【本课时核心句型精讲】
句型 1：名词 ＋ 过去分词短语（后置定语）　"……的……"（本课第一长难句型）
【课文原句】①an old railway line built in 1901　②the new railway, built with China's help, has already cut…　③the new railway built by our Chinese friends
【结构分析】过去分词短语作后置定语＝ which was done：built in 1901＝which was built in 1901。带逗号的（②）是插入式补充说明，读长句时先"括起来跳过"，抓主干 the new railway has already cut the travel time。
【仿写】The bridge built in 2018 connects the two towns.（2018 年建的那座桥连接着两个镇。）
【中考链接】"单句语法填空"给动词括号，名词后无谓语动词时优先考虑过去分词作定语。
句型 2：数词＋单数名词 构成的复合形容词　"……之长的/之久的"
【课文原句】the new 480-kilometre Mombasa–Nairobi railway（全长 480 公里的蒙内铁路）
【结构分析】"数词＋名词（单数）"用连字符连接作前置定语：a 10-hour journey 十小时的路程、a two-day trip 两天的旅行、an 8-year-old boy 八岁的男孩。
【纠错】× a 10-hours journey（复合词内名词必须单数）；× a 10 hour journey（必须加连字符）。
【仿写】They went on a five-day trip to Kenya.（他们去肯尼亚进行了为期五天的旅行。）
句型 3：sth. has made ＋宾语＋比较级　某事物使……变得更……
【课文原句】The railway has also made the transport of food easier.
【结构分析】make＋宾语（the transport of food）＋比较级（easier）作宾补；现在完成时 has made 强调"已经变得更便利"。呼应第 4 课时 make it＋adj.＋to do 句型。
【仿写】The new app has made shopping much easier.（新应用让购物容易多了。）
句型 4：Food used to take ＋工具＋ to do…　过去做某事需要用……（拟人化主语）
【课文原句】Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains.
【结构分析】把"被运的货物"food 放在主语位置，take 的宾语换成"所耗工具"，是一种拟人化表达；but now…对比结构凸显变化。
【直译理解】粮食过去要用数百辆卡车来运，现在只需两三列火车。
【仿写】The goods used to take days to deliver, but now it takes only hours.
句型 5：Although…, ＋主句（含 how 引导的宾语从句）　虽然……，但……表明不同的国家如何……
【课文原句】Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.
【结构分析】①although 引导让步状语从句（不能与 but 连用）；②主句谓语 shows 后接 how 引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述语序（how different countries can work together）。
【仿写】Although the task was difficult, the experience shows how teamwork can make dreams come true.
【背诵建议】本句是全文主旨句，建议整句背诵并默写，用于"合作/交流"类作文结尾。
句型 6：My experience of doing sth. ＋ has been ＋ adj.　我做某事的体验一直……
【课文原句】My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good.
【结构分析】主语 experience（体验，可数）由 of using the train 修饰；since 2017 与 has been 呼应；of 后接动名词。
【仿写】My experience of studying in this school has been wonderful.（我在这所学校学习的体验一直很棒。）
【考点】"of＋doing"介词短语作后置定语是写作常用修饰手段。
【本课时语言点精讲】
1. 480-kilometre：复合形容词（数词 + 单数名词，用连字符连接）
【原句】：the new 480-kilometre Mombasa–Nairobi railway
讲解：数词 + 名词用连字符连成复合形容词时，名词必须用单数且不加所有格，只能作前置定语。对比：a 10-hour journey（十小时的路程）／10 hours（名词短语）。中考高频：a five-year plan、an 8-year-old boy、a two-day trip。
2. 过去分词短语作后置定语（本课阅读长难句第一重点）
【原句】：an old railway line built in 1901；
the new railway, built with China's help；
the new railway built by our Chinese friends
讲解：built in 1901 = which was built in 1901。单个过去分词／过去分词短语修饰名词时放在名词后，表被动。读长句时先找主干：the new railway has already cut the travel time. 中间 built with China's help 只是补充说明"这条铁路是谁帮助修的"。
3. 同位语：Kenya's main port / Kenya's capital
【原句】：between Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and Nairobi, Kenya's capital
讲解：地名后紧跟名词短语对其作补充说明，就是同位语。Mombasa 是肯尼亚主要港口，Nairobi 是肯尼亚首都。类似：Li Rui, a middle school student, likes travelling.
4. It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.
讲解：呼应第 1 课时 It takes/took…句型。
注意：花费时间既可用 it 作形式主语，也可用交通方式作主语（The old trains were very slow. It took 10 hours…）
5. cut the travel time to about four hours 把出行时间缩短到约 4 小时
讲解：cut (cut-cut-cut) v. 削减；
cut A to B 把 A 削减到 B；
cut A by B 削减了 B（幅度）。
拓展：cut down 砍倒／减少。
6. Now, more than two million people use it every year.
讲解：million 前有具体数字（two million）不加 -s、后不加 of；表"数百万"用 millions of。hundred／thousand／million 用法相同。more than = over 超过。
7. benefit from 从……中受益
【原句】：Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.
讲解：benefit v. 受益；
benefit from sth. 从……受益；
benefit n. 好处（be of benefit to sb.）。同义：be good for。
注意 ：have benefited 是现在完成时（a lot 作状语"很大程度地"）。
8. Many changes have taken place in the town over the last few years.
讲解：take place 无被动；
over the last few years = in the past few years，现在完成时标志。此句同时复现第 4 课时语法重点。
9. 定语从句 who live here
【原句】：the people who live here have become rich.
讲解：who 指人，在从句中作主语。学生已学过，此处顺势巩固。
10. My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good.
讲解：since 2017 时间点 + 主句现在完成时（has been），表示"从 2017 年至今"。
experience 此处作"体验、经历"（可数：an experience）；作"经验"时不可数。介词 of + doing：the experience of using the train.
11. be able to do sth. 能够做某事；on time 准时；with ease 轻松地
【原句】：I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease.
讲解：be able to 比 can 更正式，可有多种时态（was/will be able to）。
on time 准时（in time 及时）。
with ease = easily，介词 + 抽象名词表方式，属书面表达亮点。
business deals 生意（make a deal 达成交易）。
12. The railway has also made the transport of food easier.
讲解：make + 宾语 + 形容词（宾补）"使……变得……"。
同结构：The new roads make travelling easier. transport 此处是名词"运输"（重音在前）；也可作动词（重音在后）。
13. hundreds of lorries；two or three trains
【原句】：Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains.
讲解：hundreds of 数百（表约数要加 -s + of）
lorry n.（英）卡车（美语 truck）。
used to take…表示过去需要……。
注意： food 作主语 + used to take…的拟人化表达：运输粮食过去需要几百辆卡车。
14. As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat.
讲解：as a result 结果、因此（承上启下，后接结果）；
as a result of + 名词"由于"。
fresh adj. 新鲜的；
to eat 作后置定语修饰 food（have sth. to do）。
15. Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.
讲解：although 引导让步状语从句"虽然……但是……"（不能与 but 连用）。
主句中 how different countries can work together 是宾语从句（how 引导，陈述语序）。本句是全文主旨句，可全篇背诵。
【本课时即时演练】（答案见文末附录）
用所给词的正确形式填空：
The new railway, ______ (build) with China's help, has already cut the travel time about four hours.
单项选择：More than two ______ people use the new railway every year.　
A. millions　B. million　C. millions of　D. million of
句型转换：It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.（对 10 hours 提问）
______ ______ did it take to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train
汉译英：虽然中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路表明，不同国家能够携起手来，共同建设一个更美好的世界。
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