Unit 3 Same or Different? Section B (1a-1e) 新课标教学设计(表格式)2026-2027学年英语人教版八年级上册

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Unit 3 Same or Different? Section B (1a-1e) 新课标教学设计(表格式)2026-2027学年英语人教版八年级上册

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Unit 3 Same or Different
Section B (1a-1e) 教学设计(第四课时·阅读课)
2026—2027学年 人教版(2024)英语八年级上册
依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》编制
课  题 How do we understand differences (Section B 1a-1e)
课  型 阅读课(Reading)
课  时 第4课时(45分钟)
授课年级 八年级上册
单元大观念 Same or Different ——人与人异同并存,比较帮助我们认识自己与他人;理解并尊重差异,方能相互学习、优势互补、共同成长。
一、语篇研读
【What】本课时语篇为校园英语论坛(Forum)“Friendship Talk”中的三则帖子:Tom(5 hours ago)发起话题“Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different. What do you think Should friends be similar or different ”;Matt(4 hours ago)跟帖认为“I think a good friend is like a mirror. You can understand people by knowing their friends.”,并以好友 Stephen 为例:二人爱好兴趣相似(both love sports,He plays badminton better than I do,激励自己 try harder,now I’m getting better at badminton;He is as serious as me;I read more history books than he does, and he reads a lot of novels,常 share interesting books);Diana(3 hours ago)则表示“I don’t agree. For me, friends who are different make me better.”——她 kind of shy,好友 Yuan Lei 外向幽默(a great sense of humour),Thanks to her,她正变得 more outgoing;另一位朋友 Zhang Yong not afraid to give his opinion,在她犯错时直言提醒,她虽 less straightforward than he is,却 glad to have an honest friend。配套1a问题(Are you similar to or different from your friends In what ways )、1c人物—描述连线、1d六个细节问题与1e三个讨论题。
【Why】三则帖子构成“提出话题—观点交锋”的论坛论辩结构:Matt 以“镜喻”阐释相似之益(相似的朋友让我们照见自己、互促成长),Diana 以亲身经历论证差异之利(不同的朋友补我短板、促我改变),二者共同指向单元核心问题“How do we understand differences ”,传递“尊重彼此差异、相互学习”的健康友谊观与价值观,为学生辨析友谊、认识自我提供思维示范。
【How】帖子为新媒体论辩语篇,呈“话题帖+跟帖”结构,观点句前置(I think… / For me…),论据按“观点(Opinion)—理由(Reasons)—事例(Examples)—感受(Feelings)”展开;语篇密集运用本单元比较结构(plays badminton better than I do, as serious as me, more history books than he does, less straightforward than he is)与目标语言点(by doing, because of, be afraid to do, thanks to, make a mistake),词汇如 mirror, interest, novel, sense of humour, straightforward, opinion, honest, direct, similarity, friendship 均嵌入真实语境,为观点表达提供语言示范。
二、学情分析
八年级学生经过Section A学习,已掌握比较级核心句型(-er/more…than, as…as, less…than),了解双胞胎Emma与Ella的比较语境;对outgoing, shy, serious, funny, hard-working等性格形容词能认读运用,具备读懂两则论坛跟帖的语言基础;学生日常接触社交媒体,对“话题帖—跟帖”的交际形式并不陌生。但学生用英语进行“观点+论据”的议论性表达经验不足:能读懂观点句,却难以系统梳理支撑观点的事例链条;表达朋友观时常“有观点、无理由”或理由碎片化。八年级学生正处于友谊观形成关键期,“朋友该选相似的还是不同的”是他们真实关心的话题,本课借论坛观点交锋的真实情境,引导其辩证思考并学会尊重差异、欣赏他人。
三、教学目标(核心素养导向)
通过本课时学习,学生能够:
素养维度 目标描述
语言能力 认读并运用词汇mirror, interest, novel, difference(s), sense of humour, straightforward, opinion, less, honest, direct, similarity, friendship及短语thanks to, make a mistake;在语境中理解并初步运用by doing, because of, (not) be afraid to do等结构;读懂论坛帖子,获取并转述Matt与Diana关于“朋友该相似还是不同”的观点及论据。
学习能力 运用“略读抓观点、扫读找细节、细读析语言”的阅读策略处理新媒体论辩语篇;借助“观点—论据—事例”框架梳理信息,并依据框架复述帖子内容。
思维品质 对比两种朋友观的论据链条,概括论辩性帖子的结构特征(Opinion→Reasons→Examples→Feelings);辩证评价相似与不同对友谊的价值,形成有理有据的个人观点。
文化意识 体会“尊重彼此差异、相互学习(respect each other’s differences and learn from each other)”的健康友谊观;感知中外青少年在论坛中理性讨论话题的交际文化,增强用英语表达观点的自信。
【迁移落点】仿照帖子“观点—论据—事例”结构,以跟帖形式写出自己的朋友观(观点句+2—3条论据或事例),投稿班级“Friendship Talk”论坛墙,为下一课时书面表达蓄势。
四、教学重难点
教学重点:①读懂两则论坛跟帖,获取Matt与Diana的观点与论据,完成1c连线与1d问答;②掌握mirror, interest, novel, difference, sense of humour, straightforward, opinion, honest, direct, similarity, friendship及thanks to, make a mistake的意义与用法。
教学难点:①在语境中辨析运用by doing / because of / (not) be afraid to do / less+adj.等结构;②借助“观点—论据—事例”框架,就“Should friends be similar or different ”进行有理有据的口头与书面表达。
五、教学方法与资源
教学方法:任务型阅读教学(读前预测—略读—扫读—细读—读后迁移);依据英语学习活动观组织“感知与注意—获取与梳理—概括与整合—分析与判断—内化与运用—批判与评价”活动链;实施教-学-评一体化,各环节嵌入评价要点,以评促学。
教学资源:多媒体课件、论坛版块截图放大图、“观点—论据—事例”框架梳理单、人物—描述连线卡、观点表达支架句卡、分层作业单。
六、教学过程
情境主线:班级英语论坛“Friendship Talk”——Tom发帖设问“Should friends be similar or different ”,学生化身论坛读者与跟帖人,历经“进论坛看话题→读Matt帖明‘镜喻’→读Diana帖知差异之益→连线梳理人物→深挖论据答疑难→研讨相似与不同之于友谊的价值→发出自己的跟帖”的完整任务链,在观点交锋中建构“尊重差异、相互学习”的友谊观。
教学环节 师生活动 活动观层次 评价要点
Step 1 情境导入 论坛站队 (4’) ①呈现班级英语论坛“Friendship Talk”版块截图,出示Tom的话题帖:“Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different. What do you think Should friends be similar or different ”; ②学生围绕1a问题“Are you similar to or different from your friends In what ways ”自由发言,并现场站队:Team Similar / Team Different; ③设问激趣:Matt和Diana也会支持哪一队?他们的观点是什么?带着问题进入阅读。 学习理解 感知与注意 站队表态是否明确;能否从外貌、爱好、性格等维度说明与朋友的异同(诊断性评价)
Step 2 略读寻观点 把握主旨 (5’) ①限时两分钟默读Matt与Diana两则跟帖,回答1b:What are Matt’s and Diana’s opinions about friends ; ②核对并板书观点句:Matt—“A good friend is like a mirror.”(相似派);Diana—“Friends who are different make me better.”(不同派); ③追问:你是从哪句话判断的?两人各属哪一“队”? 学习理解 获取与梳理 观点句定位与朗读的准确性;能否引用原句说明判断依据
Step 3 细读理人物 完成连线 (8’) ①细读Matt帖,圈画他与Stephen的相似点:hobbies and interests—both love sports(He plays badminton better than I do)/ enjoy reading(I read more history books than he does, and he reads a lot of novels)/ He is as serious as me; ②细读Diana帖,圈画她与Yuan Lei、Zhang Yong的不同:kind of shy outgoing, a great sense of humour;not afraid to give his opinion; ③独立完成1c人物—描述连线(Matt—B reads more history books;Stephen—A reads a lot of novels;Diana—D is kind of shy;Yuan Lei—E helps a friend become more outgoing;Zhang Yong—C gives direct opinions),同伴核对并说出文本依据。 学习理解 概括与整合 1c连线正确率;能否用原文关键词句说明匹配依据(对应学习能力目标)
Step 4 深读答疑难 提炼结构 (8’) ①再读帖子,独立完成1d六个问题(Why does Matt think that a good friend is like a mirror / Why is Matt getting better at badminton / In what ways is Stephen similar to Matt / How is Yuan Lei different from Diana / Why is Diana glad to have an honest friend / How should we treat each other’s differences ); ②同桌互问互答→全班核对;追问思维链:Matt球技进步的原因链?(Stephen plays better→he always wins→I try harder when I practise→I’m getting better); ③师生共同提炼论辩帖结构:Opinion(观点句前置)→Reasons→Examples→Feelings。 应用实践 分析与判断 1d答案的完整性与准确性;能否用箭头图复现“镜像激励”因果链(对应思维品质目标)
Step 5 析语内化 复述跟帖 (9’) ①结合语境点拨语言点:by doing…(通过做……,如You can understand people by knowing their friends.);because of+名词/代词/动名词,对比because+从句;make a mistake/make mistakes;be afraid to do(如not afraid to give his opinion);thanks to(多亏,如Thanks to her, I am becoming more outgoing.);less+adj.(不如……,如I am less straightforward than he is.); ②朗读含目标语言的原句,体会语感与重音;快速反应:教师说中文短语,学生抢答英文; ③依据板书框架,用自己的话以第三人称复述Matt或Diana的跟帖(Matt thinks a good friend is like a mirror. His friend Stephen…/ Diana’s best friend Yuan Lei…)。 应用实践 内化与运用 复述中观点句、比较结构与目标词汇使用的准确度;信息完整性(表现性评价,对应语言能力目标)
Step 6 迁移研讨 发出己见 (8’) ①小组讨论1e三问:What can similarities bring to a friendship / What can differences bring to a friendship / What really matters in a friendship ; ②各组借支架句汇报:Similarities can bring us… / Differences can help us… / In my opinion, … really matters in a friendship.; ③价值升华:正如Diana所言“we should respect each other’s differences and learn from each other”——相似让我们共鸣,不同促我们成长; ④回应Step 1站队:读完两帖后有无“换队”?请学生说明理由。 迁移创新 批判与评价 观点是否“有论点、有理由、有事例”;倾听与回应同伴观点的表现(对应文化意识与思维品质目标)
Step 7 总结检测 布置作业 (3’) ①学生依板书用一句话总结本课:Similar or different, good friends respect each other’s differences and learn from each other.; ②布置分层作业(含巩固检测一、二、三),预告:优秀跟帖将张贴班级“Friendship Talk”论坛墙。 学习理解 概括与整合 总结语言达成度;作业要求是否明确
七、板书设计
Unit 3 Same or Different — Section B (1a-1e) How do we understand differences Should friends be similar or different Matt(相似派): A good friend is like a mirror.  hobbies & interests: sports → badminton(He plays better → I try harder)  reading: history books novels → share interesting books  He is as serious as me. Diana(不同派): Friends who are different make me better.  shy Yuan Lei: outgoing, a great sense of humour → more outgoing  Zhang Yong: honest, direct, not afraid to give his opinion 语言点:by doing…  because of+n./doing because+从句  make a mistake(s)     be afraid to do  thanks to  less+adj. Conclusion: Respect each other’s differences and learn from each other.
八、作业设计(分层)
本课作业按“基础—提升—拓展”三级设计,原“巩固检测”三类练习按难度梯度归入对应层级(词汇识记→词形变化→综合运用),兼顾语言点辨析与观点表达,答案统一剥离至文末供教师批阅。
【基础·必做】①朗读两则跟帖,依据板书框架用英语复述Matt或Diana的观点与论据;②完成“巩固检测一”,巩固本课核心词汇。
巩固检测一 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1. Anna is s________ to her friend. They have the same hobbies and interests.
2. Mr White has a good sense of h________. He often tells jokes.
3. Did you read the ________ (小说)
4. Do you know the ________ (差异) between English and Chinese
5. Please give me a ________ (直接的) answer.
【提升·选做】③完成“巩固检测二”词形变化;④背诵本课语言点笔记(by doing / because of / make a mistake / be afraid to do)。
巩固检测二 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Peter is afraid ________ (speak) in front of people.
2. I don’t know the ________ (different) between the twins.
3. The bottle has ________ (little) water than that one.
4. Do they have ________ (similar)
5. Kate is ________ (good) at sports than her sister.
【拓展·挑战】⑤完成“巩固检测三”翻译句子;⑥情境写作:以自己的身份给Tom回帖(3—5句),先亮观点(I think friends should be similar / different.),再用because / For example给出事例支撑,下节课在“Friendship Talk”论坛墙上分享。
巩固检测三 翻译下列句子
1. 我通过向老师求助学习数学。
2. 昨天因为恶劣的天气我没去上学。
3. 我晚上不敢出去。
4. 多亏了医生,她得救了。
5. 他总是在考试中犯错误。
巩固检测参考答案(供教师批阅)
一:1. similar 2. humour / humor 3. novel 4. differences 5. direct
二:1. to speak 2. differences 3. less 4. similarity 5. better
三:1. I learn maths by asking the teacher for help.
  2. I didn’t go to school because of the bad weather yesterday.
  3. I’m afraid to go out at night.
  4. Thanks to the doctor, she was saved.
  5. He always makes mistakes in the exam.
九、教学评价与反思
1. 目标—评价对应(教-学-评一体化):
素养目标 课堂评价任务与证据
语言能力目标 1c连线与1d问答的正确率;Step 5复述跟帖中目标词汇、比较结构与语言点使用的准确性和完整性
学习能力目标 略读定位观点句、细读圈画论据的阅读策略表现;“观点—论据—事例”框架梳理单的填写质量
思维品质目标 “镜像激励”因果链的复现质量;1e讨论中观点的逻辑性与论据支撑度
文化意识目标 对“尊重差异、相互学习”友谊观的理解与表达;论坛跟帖用语的观点表达与得体性
2. 预设反思点:①学生能否准确把握两则跟帖“观点交锋”的关系,区分论据与感受;②because of与because、be afraid to do的对比操练是否充分;③复述转述中第三人称与比较级结构的错误是否得到有效矫正;④1e小组讨论是否全员参与、有理有据,避免少数学生主导;⑤回帖作业“观点+事例”结构的完成质量能否支撑下一课时书面表达。

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