资源简介 Unit6 Beautiful landscapes 语法讲义-2026-2027 学年译林版七年级英语下册本讲聚焦本单元两大语法专题:一、不定代词;二、what 和 how 引导的感叹句。所有例句均出自或仿自本单元教材语境。专题一 不定代词一、基本用法表当我们不知道或不必说明谈论的人或事物是谁/是什么时,使用不定代词。以-body 或 -one 结尾的指人,以 -thing 结尾的指物。二、教材例句· Look! There's somebody/someone on the mountain!(看!山上有人!)· There seems to be something in the river.(河里似乎有什么东西。)· I can't see anybody/anyone/anything up the mountain.(我看不见山上有任何人/任何东西。)· Does anybody/anyone want to visit the desert (有人想去游览沙漠吗?)· Can you see anything in the river (你能看见河里有什么东西吗?)· Is everybody/everyone going to the forest (大家都去森林吗?)· Everything is ready for our trip to the forest.(我们的森林之旅一切都准备好了。)· There is nobody/no one up the mountain.(山上没有人。)· There is nothing in the river.(河里什么也没有。)· Nothing can get in my way.(没有什么能阻挡我前进的道路。)三、用法规则与辨析1. 肯定句表示“某人/某物”用 somebody/someone/something。2. 否定句和一般疑问句中通常用 anybody/anyone/anything。3. 当说话人期待对方给出肯定回答,或在提供、邀请、请求时,疑问句中仍用something/somebody,如:Would you like something to drink (你想喝点什么吗?)4. everybody/everyone/everything 强调整体,谓语动词用单数:Everything is ready.5. nobody/no one/nothing 本身含否定意义,句子已是否定句,不能再用 not:Nobody wants to live in such difficult conditions.6. 不定代词作主语时,谓语动词一律用单数:Everybody likes the beautiful view.7. 形容词修饰不定代词时要后置:something special(特别的东西)、nothing new(没什么新鲜事)、anything interesting(有趣的东西)。8. someone/somebody 与 anyone/anybody 指人时可通用,something/anything 指物;no one 分开写,nobody 合写,二者意思相同。9. else(其他的)放在不定代词之后:somebody else(别的什么人)、anythingelse(别的什么东西)。四、易错点提醒易错点 1:否定句中误用 something。 I can't see something. I can't see anything.易错点 2:形容词位置错误。 interesting something something interesting 。易错点 3:主谓一致错误。 Everybody are here. Everybody is here.易错点 4:双重否定。 Nobody doesn't know it. Nobody knows it.易错点 5:anybody 用于期待肯定回答的邀请句。 Would you like anything todrink (期待肯定回答时用 something 更礼貌自然) Would you like something todrink 专题二 用 what 和 how 表达强烈的感情我们用 what 和 how 引导感叹句,表达对某人或某事物的强烈感情。一、教材例句· What a beautiful view!(多美的景色啊!)· How amazing!(太神奇了!)· What a long river!(多长的一条河啊!)· How useful!(太有用了!)· What a good idea!(多好的主意啊!)二、句型结构表what 引导的感叹句(what 后接名词或名词短语):1. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如:What a highmountain (it is)! What a huge ocean (it is)!2. What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!如:What beautiful forests(they are)!3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如:What fresh air (it is)! Whatwonderful landscapes (the earth has)!how 引导的感叹句(how 后接形容词或副词):1. How + 形容词(+主语+谓语)!如:How high (the mountain is)! How beautiful(the forests are)!2. How + 副词(+主语+谓语)!如:How well (he swims)!三、what 与 how 的辨析判断方法:看感叹部分去掉后剩下的核心词。核心词是名词(短语),用 what;核心词是形容词或副词,用 how。对比例句:What a beautiful view it is! = How beautiful the view is!(多么美的景色啊!)对比例句:What wonderful landscapes the earth has! = How wonderful the earth'slandscapes are!四、易错点提醒易错点 1:可数名词单数前漏掉 a/an。 What beautiful view! What a beautifulview!易错点 2:how 后面直接跟名词。 How a beautiful view! What a beautiful view!/ How beautiful the view is!易错点 3:不可数名词前误加 a。 What a fine weather! What fine weather!易错点 4:感叹句的语序仍是陈述语序(主语+谓语),不倒装。 How high themountain is!三、小检测(共 10 题)(一)单项选择(5 题)1. —Mum, I'm thirsty. —Would you like ________ to drink A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything2. There is ________ in the fridge. Let's go shopping.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything3. ________ is ready for our trip to the forest. Let's go!A. Something B. Anything C. Everything D. Nothing4. ________ useful the river is! People use its water for farming and washing.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a5. ________ a huge ocean! It covers more than two-thirds of the earth's surface.A. What B. How C. What an D. How an(二)用 what 或 how 填空(5 题)6. ________ a beautiful view the mountain has!7. ________ amazing the Danxia landform is!8. ________ wonderful forests they are!9. ________ fresh the air is in the forest!10. ________ a lucky man! He saw the sea of clouds on Mount Huangshan.小检测参考答案1-5 B C C C A6. What 7. How 8. What 9. How 10. What 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览