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Unit 3 Same or Different Section B (Vocabulary in Use & 3a-3c) · 讲义
Unit 3 Same or Different Section B (Vocabulary in Use & 3a-3c)
课时基本信息
课题 Unit 3 Same or Different — Section B (Vocabulary in Use & 3a-3c)
课型 词汇与写作课
年级 八年级上册
课时 第 5 课时
教材 人教版（2024）英语八年级上册（Unit 3，课本 p.28-29）
主题 人与人的异同（How do we compare with each other ）
教学重难点
重点　2a 词蛇找词配释义（六个人格形容词）；2b 八空选词填空；2c《王子与贫儿》短文五空；读 Rose 的回帖（3a），梳理“观点—例子—名言总结”结构，仿写观点回帖（3b-3c）（课本 p.28-29）。
难点　population/pleasure/average 等抽象名词的语境选用； Rose 论证方法（举两例对比+引用名言）；议论文写作“总—分—总”结构与观点句、理由句、例证句的组合。
本课词汇
单词/词组 音标 释义
prince /pr ns/ n. 王子
character / k r kt (r)/ n. 人物；角色；性格
accident / ks d nt/ n. 意外；事故（by accident 偶然）
expect / k spekt/ v. 预料；期望
silver / s lv (r)/ n. 银（the silver lining 一线希望）
situation / s t u e n/ n. 情况；处境
reach /ri t / v. 伸手触及；达到（reach for your hand）
touch /t t / v. 触摸；感动（touch your heart）
meter (metre) / mi t (r)/ n. 米
学习过程
（一）Step 1 2a 词蛇找词配释义
2a Find the words hidden in the word snake. Then match them with the meanings.（课本 p.28）
①shy—being afraid to speak in front of people 在人前说话会害怕
②outgoing—being friendly and liking to meet people 友好且喜欢结交他人
③lazy—not wanting to do anything 什么都不想做
④direct—speaking in a straightforward way 说话直截了当
⑤serious—not laughing a lot 不常笑
⑥hard-working—putting a lot of time into a job and doing it well 投入大量时间并把事做好
Which word can best describe you and your best friend
图1　2a 词蛇与释义匹配（课本 p.28）
思路点拨：用 These words describe me best: ... 造句说说自己。
（二）Step 2 2b 八空选词填空
2b Complete the sentences with the words in the box.（课本 p.28）备选：average / spare / differences / especially / pleasure / kilometres / population / pleasant
1. The ①____________ of Shanghai is much larger than that of Lanzhou.
2. The weather was ②____________, with white clouds and warm sunshine.
3. We got great ③____________ from the prize we won.
4. We should respect the ④____________ in others.
5. I love all fruits, ⑤____________ strawberries.
6. The ⑥____________ height of the students in the class is around 1.6 metres.（metre / mi t (r)/ n. 米）
7. I enjoy reading books in my ⑧____________ time.
8. It is about three ⑨____________ from my house to school.
图2　2b 选词填空答案（课本 p.28）
【2b】①population　②pleasant　③pleasure　④differences　⑤especially　⑥average　⑦spare　⑧kilometres
思路点拨：population 与 the 连用且谓语用单数；pleasure 指高兴的事，pleasant 指令人愉快的。
（三）Step 3 2c 短文填空：《王子与贫儿》
文化视野：Mark Twain 马克·吐温（1835-1910），美国作家、演说家，幽默和讽刺是他的写作特点。《王子与贫儿》The Prince and the Pauper 是其代表作：王子爱德华和贫儿汤姆因意外互换身份，汤姆在王宫享富贵并暂代王位，爱德华流落民间历经磨难，在亨顿帮助下成长，最终汤姆归还王位，爱德华成为仁慈的君主。
2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.（课本 p.28）备选：personality / alike / novel / difference / besides
The prince, Edward, and the poor boy, Tom, are the two characters in Mark Twain's famous ①__________, The Prince and the Pauper. They looked ②__________ and both had kind ③____________. They exchanged their lives by accident.
During his time as a pauper, Edward learnt to respect others. ④____________ this, he also realized that people's lives were much harder than he expected. After becoming king, he made a ⑤____________ by trying to help the people of his country.
【2c】①novel　②alike　③personalities　④Besides　⑤difference
思路点拨：by accident 偶然；much harder than he expected 比他预料的难得多——比较级再现。
（四）Step 4 3a 读 Rose 的回帖
3a Read the post. Is Rose's opinion the same as or different from the posts in Section B 1b （课本 p.29）
Rose: I don't really care if my friends are similar to or different from me. I have two amazing friends. Lily is funnier than anyone else I know. When I feel sad or have a problem, she makes me laugh and feel better. She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations.
My other friend, Lucy, is not as funny as Lily. Lucy is quieter, but she listens better than others. Lucy and I talk about everything. I know she cares about me because she's always there to listen.
My favourite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” Both Lily and Lucy are true friends. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand.
观点判断：Rose's opinion is different from the posts in Section B 1b（Matt 认为该相似、Diana 认为该不同，而 Rose don't really care）。她的观点：I don't really care if my friends are similar to or different from me.
论证方法：By giving examples of her two amazing friends Lily and Lucy and making comparisons.（用两位好友的例子和对比来证实观点，并附细节说明朋友为何了不起）
对比表格：Lily—funnier than anyone else；makes me laugh and feel better; helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations。Lucy—not as funny as Lily; quieter; listens better than others; talk about everything; cares about me。
结尾方式：By quoting a saying to highlight her opinion and drawing a conclusion.——A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.（真正的朋友是向你伸出手、触动你心灵的人）
图3　Rose 两位好友的对比表格（课本 p.29）
思路点拨：silver lining 一线希望；care about 关心；lend a hand 帮忙——结尾成语连用升华主题。
（五）Step 5 3b-3c 观点回帖写作
3b What is your opinion Use personal experiences to support your opinion.（课本 p.29）观点—理由—例证表：Friends should be similar.—Similar friends understand me better.—Tom and I both love basketball, so we play every weekend and never argue. / Friends should be different.—Different friends teach me new things.—Emma likes drawing and I like sports. She showed me how to paint, and now I enjoy it too! / I don't mind.—Both similar and different friends are valuable.—My friend Jack is outgoing and he always makes us laugh. My other friend Jim is quiet but we can enjoy reading together.
3c Use the table above to write your reply to the post.（课本 p.29）框架：I think that ___________ because ___________. For example, my friend ___________ is __________. When ______________, ___________________.
写作指导：Topic—Should Friends Be Similar or Different ；Type—Argumentation（议论文）；Tense—the simple present tense；Person—第一人称与第三人称；Structure—总—分—总。
写作提示：观点句（I think that friends should be similar/different. / I don't mind/care if friends are similar to or different from me.）；理由句（Similar friends can make us feel understood. / Different friends can help us grow. / Friendship is built on trust and support, not just similarities or differences.）；例证句（For example, my friend ... is ... When ... / My friend, ..., is a great example. / I have two amazing friends.）
范文（三段）：Friends play an important role in our life and they help to bring out the best in us. I'm so glad to have such a best friend called Lisa. / Lisa is a 13-year-old girl who is taller than me. Both of us are fond of reading and that's why we usually go to the library together on weekends. Besides, we enjoy listening to music to relax. However, there are also some differences between us. For example, Lisa is more outgoing than me and she exercises every day while I only exercise three times a week. What's more, in our spare time, she likes watching movies, but I prefer playing the guitar. / As the saying goes, “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” Lisa is such a friend and I hope our friendship can last forever.
图4　观点回帖写作结构：Beginning-Body-Ending（课本 p.29）
思路点拨：Body 段至少一处比较级、一处 as...as，让“论证”有语言看点。
（六）Step 6 随堂检测
当堂完成，答案见各题下方。
1. The main ____________ (character) in this novel are very interesting.
答案：characters（主语复数 are 提示）
2. The ____________ (population) of these two cities are quite different.
答案：populations（two cities 两座城市的人口，复数）
3. She enjoys reading ____________ (novel) in her spare time.
答案：novels（可数名词复数）
4. They ____________ (exchange) gifts at the Christmas party last year.
答案：exchanged（last year 用过去式）
5. I ____________ (expect) him to arrive earlier, but he was late.
答案：expected（并列句过去时）
6. His kindness makes a big ____________ (different) in our hometown.
答案：difference（make a difference 有影响）
7. The twins look very ____________ (like), but their personalities are different.
答案：alike（look alike 看起来相像）
8. The weather in this city these days is ____________ (please), neither too hot nor too cold.
答案：pleasant（系动词后接形容词）
9. I found this old photo ____________ (by) accident while cleaning my room.
答案：by（by accident 偶然）
10. He is ____________ (especial) good at working out math problems.
答案：especially（修饰形容词用副词）
易错提醒
注意：回帖是一般现在时为主，别把朋友的事写成过去时；例证要和观点一致，不能观点说“不同”例子却全是相似。
答题技巧
先从词蛇里圈出认识的词，再逐条对照英文释义——练的是“用英语解释英语”。
①④定冠词+名词（population/differences）；②系动词后接形容词 pleasant；⑤修饰 strawberries 用 especially。
②look alike 看起来相像（alike 表语形容词）；③both had 后接复数 personalities；④句首 Besides 后接 this（代词）。
Rose 的写法是“观点+两例对比+名言”：Lily 用比较级（funnier than anyone else），Lucy 用同级否定（not as funny as）。
第 2 题 population 通常不可数，但指“两地各自的人口”时用复数；第 7 题 alike 是表语形容词，不能作定语。
语言点归纳
议论文三段式：Beginning 亮观点—Body 理由+例证（比较级/as...as 交替）—Ending 名言总结；
高分表达：bring out the best in us 激发我们最好的一面 / be fond of 喜欢 / while 然而（对比）/ What's more 而且 / last forever 天长地久；
引用名言收尾：As the saying goes, “...”
课堂总结
本课围绕 Vocabulary in Use & 3a-3c 展开：
1. 通过词蛇配释义掌握六个人格形容词，完成 2b/2c 语境填空；
2. 读懂 Rose 的回帖，学会“观点—两例对比—名言总结”的论证结构；
3. 完成 3b 观点—理由—例证表并仿写观点回帖（3c），掌握议论文“总—分—总”写法；
4. 记住名言：A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.。
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