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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section A (1a-1d+Pronunciation) · 讲义
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section A (1a-1d+Pronunciation)
课时基本信息
课题 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals — Section A (1a-1d+Pronunciation)
课型 听说课
年级 八年级上册
课时 第 1 课时
教材 人教版（2024）英语八年级上册（Unit 4，课本 p.32-33）
主题 人与自然——神奇的动植物（What makes plants and animals amazing ）
教学重难点
重点　1a 用方框形容词谈四种神奇动植物（blue whale / cheetah / moss / redwood）；1b-1c 听“动植物测试”两段对话排序并匹配最高级描述；1d 用 What's amazing about... 问答；/e / /a / / / 与辅音连缀 bl, kl, gl, br, kr, gr；句子重音改变语义（课本 p.32-33）。
难点　one of the+最高级+名词复数（作主语时谓语用单数）；Which kind of / What kind of / kind of 三者辨析；同一句话重音不同、语义不同。
本课词汇
单词/词组 音标 释义
moss /m s/ n. 苔藓
whale /we l/ n. 鲸（blue whale 蓝鲸）
redwood / redw d/ n. 红杉（世界最高的树）
cheetah / t i t / n. 猎豹
land /l nd/ n. 陆地（land animals 陆地动物）
test /test/ n. 测试（a test on animals and plants）
completely /k m pli tli/ adv. 完全地（I completely agree.）
several / sevr l/ adj. 几个的（several times 几次）
gracefully / ɡre sf li/ adv. 优雅地（swim gracefully）
trunk /tr k/ n. 树干；large trunks 粗大的树干
学习过程
（一）Step 1 热身：四大超级明星
我们的星球满是神奇的生命，今天来认识四位“超级明星”。
Free talk：Do you like animals and plants Our planet is full of amazing life! Today, let's meet four super stars!
四大之最先睹为快：moss 苔藓——最古老的植物之一（约 4.7 亿年前出现在地球上）；blue whale 蓝鲸——世界上最大、最重的动物；cheetah 猎豹——跑得最快、最美丽的动物之一；redwood 红杉——世界上最高的树。
图1　热身：溪石上的苔藓
思路点拨：“之最”要用最高级表达——本单元的语法主线就是 superlatives。
（二）Step 2 1a 用方框词谈动植物
1a Look at the plants and animals. Use the words in the box to talk about them.（课本 p.32）方框：beautiful / big / fast / heavy / large / long / old / small / tall / short
Let's talk 四段精句：①Moss is small and often grows in wet places. Moss is one of the oldest plants on our planet. After the rain, moss looks beautiful on the old stone wall. ②The blue whale is the largest animal in the ocean. It is also very heavy, much heavier than other sea animals. With its big body, it swims gracefully in the deep sea. ③Cheetahs are fast and can run faster than most land animals. The cheetah has a beautiful coat with black spots. It has a long tail that helps it balance when running. ④Redwood trees are tall and can reach very high into the sky. They have large trunks that make them look strong and powerful. Many redwood trees have lived for thousands of years.
图2　1a 谈苔藓：small / oldest / beautiful
图3　1a 谈蓝鲸：the largest animal in the ocean
思路点拨：much heavier than 中 much 修饰比较级——上一单元的比较级知识在这里复现。
（三）Step 3 1b 听音排序
1b Listen to the conversations and number the plants and animals in 1a in the order you hear them.（课本 p.32）
答案：blue whale—1　cheetah—2　moss—3　redwood tree—4
听前策略：先读四个名称，边听边按出现顺序标号。
思路点拨：排序题先扫选项再听，抓每个名称第一次出现的时刻。
（四）Step 4 1c 匹配与表格补全
1c Listen again. Match the words with the plants and animals in 1a. Some have two answers.（课本 p.32）选项：A. heaviest　B. largest　C. most beautiful　D. oldest　E. fastest　F. tallest
答案：blue whale—A, B；cheetah—C, E；moss—D；redwood tree—F
听力表格：A test on animals and plants——blue whale: the ①________ animal in the world / the ②________ animal on earth；cheetah: runs the ③________ / the ④________ animal in the world；moss: one of the ⑤________ plants / appeared on earth around ⑥________ million years ago；redwood tree: the ⑦________ tree in the world。
【听力表格】①largest　②heaviest　③fastest　④most beautiful　⑤oldest　⑥470　⑦tallest
思路点拨：表格里 470 million years 这种数字信息要边听边速记。
（五）Step 5 对话精读
Conversation 1：Emma: Hi, Yaming. What are you doing Yaming: Hi, Emma. I'm starting a test on animals and plants. Emma: Sounds fun. Let's take it together. Yaming: OK. First question. What's the largest animal in the world Emma: It's the blue whale, right Yaming: Right. It's also the heaviest animal on earth. Next question. Which animal runs the fastest Emma: Oh wait! I just read about it. The cheetah runs the fastest. Yaming: Right again! And I think it's the most beautiful animal in the world. Emma: I completely agree with you.
Conversation 2：Yaming: Now let's answer the questions about plants. What is the oldest plant in the world Emma: Hmm, I'm not sure. Do you have any idea Yaming: Well, I think moss is one of the oldest plants. It appeared on earth around 470 million years ago ... Oh, look here. I'm correct! Emma: Interesting! Let's go on! Yaming: Which kind of tree is the tallest in the world Emma: The redwood tree, right Yaming: Yes! I hope I can see some one day.
思路点拨：I completely agree with you. 完全同意——表达赞同的地道说法。
（六）Step 6 1d 表格问答与“之最”拓展
1d Ask and answer questions about the plants and animals in 1a.（课本 p.32）句型：—What's amazing about the blue whale —It's the largest / biggest animal in the world. —What's amazing about the moss —It's one of the oldest plants on earth.
Think and share（给测试再添几题）：Which animal is the biggest on land —The elephant. / What is the tallest animal on land —The giraffe. / Which animal has the longest lifespan —The Greenland shark (average life span: 400 years). / Which plant grows the fastest —Bamboo.
思路点拨：lifespan 寿命；average 平均的——Greeland shark 能活约 400 年，是寿命最长的脊椎动物。
（七）Step 7 语言点：最高级与三组 kind
1. 形容词最高级：单音节和双音节形容词 the+adj.-est（the largest / the heaviest）；多音节形容词 the most+adj.（the most beautiful）。最高级前必须有 the。
2. I think moss is one of the oldest plants. one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”。例：One of the biggest problems is pollution. 最大的问题之一是污染。注意 one of... 短语作主语时谓语用单数（One of the performers comes from Guizhou.）。
3. Which kind of tree is the tallest in the world 辨析：①which kind of 哪一种（在有限范围内选择）②what kind of 什么种类的（What kind of music do you like 你喜欢什么类型的音乐？）③kind of 有点儿；有几分（I kind of like moss.）
图4　1a 谈猎豹：fast / beautiful / long tail
思路点拨：判断填哪种 kind：选项已给出、二选一用 which kind of；开放地问类型用 what kind of。
（八）Step 8 Pronunciation：双元音、辅音连缀与句子重音
1 Listen and repeat. Add one more word to each group.（课本 p.33）
/e / a, ai, ay：whale, rain, stay（补充：day）；/a / i, y, igh：mice, fly, high（nice）；/ / oy, oi：toy, join, choice（joy）；/bl/：black, blow, blue（blank）；/kl/：clean, climb, clock（clear）；/ɡl/：glad, glass, globe（glue）；/br/：bread, bring, brown（brother）；/kr/：cross, cream, cry（crush）；/ɡr/：grass, great, grow（ground）
2 Listen and repeat. Notice the difference in stress and meaning of the same sentences.——I visited the redwood forests in California several times. 重读 redwood→不是其他森林；重读 California→不是其他地方；重读 several→不止一次。一句话，重音不同，意思不同！
思路点拨：朗读时把被强调的词读得响一些、拖长一点，其余词轻读，语义对比立刻出来。
（九）Step 9 随堂检测
当堂完成，答案见各题下方。
1. The children in Class Five, Grade Seven made some kites themselves. Whose kite is ________
A. beautiful B. more beautiful
C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful
答案：D（形容词最高级前必须加 the）
2. Chinese is one of ________ in the world. As Chinese students, we should learn it well.
A. the old language B. oldest languages
C. the most old language D. the oldest languages
答案：D（one of the+最高级+复数）
3. —Who usually comes to the classroom ________ in your class —Sue. She is always the first.
A. earlier B. earliest
C. later D. latest
答案：B（in your class 表范围用最高级；最先到用 earliest）
1. China is the ________ (big) Asian country and it has a long history.
答案：biggest（双写 g 加 -est）
2. Let's go to Danny's. The food there is the ________ (cheap) in town.
答案：cheapest
3. Tom lives the ________ (close) to school of all my classmates.
答案：closest（副词最高级）
4. In my town, of all the movie theaters, the Movie World is __________________ (popular).
答案：the most popular（多音节加 most）
5. The teacher tells us that we should hope for the best and prepare for the ________ (bad).
答案：worst（bad 的不规则最高级）
6. Many people think Chinese is the ________ (hard) language in the world.
答案：hardest
7. I think Wu Qilong is one of the most popular ______ (actor). I'm his fan.
答案：actors（one of 后接复数）
8. Grace does her homework ____________________ (careful) in our class.
答案：(the) most carefully（副词修饰 does homework）
易错提醒
注意：one of 后面的名词必须是复数（one of the oldest plants），但谓语动词用单数；不要写 one of the oldest plant。
注意：s+清辅音（p/t/k/tr）构成辅音连缀时要浊化，如 sp 读 /sb/、st 读 /sd/、str 读 /sdr/，本组 bl, kl, gl, br, kr, gr 则直接连读成一个气流。
注意：hope for the best and prepare for the worst 是固定搭配（抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算），best/worst 成对出现。
答题技巧
描述“之最”时给形容词前加 the 并变为最高级：the largest / the oldest / the fastest。
第一段对话谈动物（蓝鲸、猎豹），第二段谈植物（苔藓、红杉）——按段分组记更牢。
题目提示 Some have two answers——蓝鲸占 heaviest+largest 两项，猎豹占 most beautiful+fastest 两项。
问“之最”用 What's amazing about... 或 Which/What+be+the+最高级... ；答句核心=the+最高级+名词。
第 8 题修饰实义动词 does 要用副词 carefully 的最高级，the 可省略——副词最高级前的 the 比形容词灵活。
语言点归纳
最高级构成：the+adj.-est / the most+adj.；
one of the+最高级+复数名词=最……之一（谓语单数）；
which kind of 有限范围选一种 / what kind of 问种类 / kind of 有点儿。
课堂总结
本课围绕 Section A (1a-1d+Pronunciation) 展开：
1. 认识四大“超级明星”：蓝鲸最大最重、猎豹最快最美、苔藓最古老（约 4.7 亿年）、红杉最高；
2. 听懂“动植物测试”两段对话，完成排序、匹配与表格填空；
3. 掌握 What's amazing about... 问答与 one of the+最高级+复数句型；
4. 会读 /e / /a / / / 与 bl, kl, gl, br, kr, gr，体会句子重音如何改变语义。
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