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Unit 6 Plan for Yourself Section A (Grammar Focus) · 讲义
Unit 6 Plan for Yourself Section A (Grammar Focus)
课时基本信息
课题 Unit 6 Plan for Yourself — Section A (Grammar Focus)
课型 语法课
年级 八年级上册
课时 第 3 课时
教材 人教版（2024）英语八年级上册（Unit 6，课本 p.55）
主题 人与自我——职业规划与自我提升（Why do we need plans ）
教学重难点
重点　3a 观察并归纳 be going to 结构、两大用法与标志词；肯定/否定/一般疑问/特殊疑问四句型；不定式作宾语的动词分类；3b 情景与打算匹配；3c 补全对话；3d 制定周末时间表并约定同行（课本 p.55）。
难点　be going to 表“事先考虑的计划”与“有迹象要发生”之辨；常接不定式作宾语的动词归类；have no idea 与 either 在否定句中的用法。
本课词汇
单词/词组 音标 释义
bath /bɑ θ/ n. 洗澡；浴缸（take a hot bath）
miss /m s/ v. 想念；错过（I miss my parents very much.）
be tired of - phr. 对……感到厌倦
学习过程
（一）Step 1 热身：从过去走向将来
Warming up（视频问答）：What do they want to be in the future （Anne / Olivia / John 三位主人公的梦想各不相同）
时间轴观察：I played the guitar yesterday.（PAST 一般过去时）→ NOW → FUTURE：I'm going to do exercise tomorrow.（一般将来时）
Grammar Focus 四问句（课本 p.55）：What do you want to be in the future —I want to be an IT engineer. / How do you plan to do that —I'm going to work hard at maths. / Are you going to read more books about IT —Yes, I am. / What else are you going to do —I'm going to learn about AI too.
图1　热身：他们的未来职业
图2　时间轴：过去—现在—将来
思路点拨：be going to 站在现在看将来——时间轴右半段就是它的地盘。
（二）Step 2 3a 归纳 be going to 结构与用法
3a Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. Then discuss when you use be going to.（课本 p.55）
结构：主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形。
两大用法：①表示经过事先考虑或计划好要做的事情（I'm going to work hard at maths. 计划打算）；②根据迹象判断即将发生某事（Look at the dark clouds. It's going to rain. 看迹象预测）。
标志词：tomorrow 类——tomorrow, the day after tomorrow；next+时间——next week, next month, next year；in+时间段——in two days, in a week；其他——in the future, one day, someday。
四句型：肯定句 主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形（She is going to visit her grandparents next weekend.）；否定句 主语+am/is/are+not+going to+动词原形（She isn't going to attend the meeting tomorrow. / They aren't going to watch the movie this weekend.）；一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+going to+动词原形... （—Are you going to learn a new language this year —Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.）；特殊疑问句 疑问词+am/is/are+主语+going to+动词原形... （—What else are you going to do this weekend —I'm going to buy a new pair of shoes.）
思路点拨：否定句缩写：is not→isn't / are not→aren't，am not 无缩写。
（三）Step 3 不定式作宾语
观察：I want to be an IT engineer. 主语 I + 谓语动词 want + 动词不定式 to be an IT engineer 充当宾语。
动词不定式（to+动词原形，有时可省略 to）在句子中充当及物动词的动作对象，即不定式作宾语。
常接不定式作宾语的动词分类：表示愿望、计划——want(想要), hope(希望), wish(希望), plan(计划)；表示决定、同意——decide(决定), agree(同意), choose(选择), determine(决心)；表示努力、尝试——try(尝试), attempt(试图), manage(设法做成)；表示开始、继续——begin(开始), start(开始), continue(继续)；其他常见——promise(承诺), offer(主动提出), learn(学习), refuse(拒绝), pretend(假装)。
思路点拨：口诀：想要希望打算做，决定同意学着做——这批动词后面跟 to do。
（四）Step 4 3b 情景匹配与 3c 补全对话
3b Match the situations with what people are going to do.（课本 p.55）
1. Alice wants to be an actress.　2. I miss my parents very much.　3. It's going to rain.　4. They are tired of city life.　5. I'm wet and cold.　6. He can't drive after drinking.——备选：A. I'm going to take a hot bath. B. They are going to live in the countryside. C. She is going to take acting classes. D. He is going to take a taxi. E. I'm going to get my umbrella. F. I'm going to see them this weekend.
3c Complete the conversation using the words in brackets.（课本 p.55）A: What _________ you _____________ (do) this weekend B: I have no idea. What about you A: I don't know either. _________ you _________ (want) to do something together B: Sure. What _________ you _________ (want) to do A: How about playing badminton on Saturday B: OK. Where _________ we ______________ (meet) A: Let's meet at Zhongshan Park. B: What time _________ we ______________ (meet) A: What about 9:30 B: Great! This _______________ (be) fun. See you on Saturday. A: See you then.
语言观察：have no idea “不知道”，相当于 don't know；否定句中的“也”用 either。
图3　3d 周末时间表（课本 p.55）
【3b】1-C　2-F　3-E　4-B　5-A　6-D
【3c】are going to do；Do / do；want / want；are going to meet；are going to meet；is going to be
思路点拨：3c 五处 be going to 都表“已定计划”：做某事、见面时间地点都商量好了。
（五）Step 5 3d 周末计划与约定
3d Make your own timetable for the weekend. Then talk to a partner and try to arrange a time to do something together.（课本 p.55）时间表：Time of day / Saturday / Sunday（Morning / Afternoon / Evening）
对话支架：Do you want to do something together / What do you want to do / What time / Where are we going to meet / How (What) about ... / Are you going to ...
范例：A: What are you going to do on Saturday morning B: I'm going to watch a movie. What about you A: I have no idea. Can I go to the movies with you B: Of course. A: Where are we going to meet B: Let's meet at Hongxin Library. The cinema is next to it. A: What time are we going to meet B: What about 10:00 A: Great! This is going to be fun. See you on Saturday. B: See you then.
Why should we make plans —Because it helps us manage time and achieve goals better.
（六）Step 6 随堂检测
当堂完成，答案见各题下方。
1. _____ (be) your classmates _____________ (play) computer games next Saturday
答案：Are；going to play
2. —I'm not sure who __________________ (organize) the fashion show —Mr Tang is.
答案：is going to organize
3. Look at the dark clouds in the sky. It seems that it _____________ (rain) soon.
答案：is going to rain（乌云是迹象）
4. The children ______________ (visit) the park tomorrow.
答案：are going to visit
5. —_____ you ________________ (volunteer) at the children's Centre next week —Yes, I am.
答案：Are；going to volunteer
6. I'm wet and cold. I'm going to ________ (take) a hot bath.
答案：take（be going to+动词原形）
7. Alice wants ________ (be) an actress, so she is going to take acting classes.
答案：to be（want to do 不定式作宾语）
8. They ______ (be) tired of city life, so they are going to live in the countryside.
答案：are（be tired of 对……感到厌倦）
易错提醒
注意：be going to 中的 be 随主语变化——I am / he,she,it is / you,we,they are，写句子先核对主语。
注意：What time are we going to meet 问的是具体时刻，Where...meet 问地点——疑问词与答语要对应。
注意：This is going to be fun. 中 going to 后接动词原形 be，再加形容词 fun 作表语——be going to 表“将会”时 be 不能省。
注意：一般疑问句答语要与人称对应——Are you... → Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. 不能答 Yes, I are.
答题技巧
看迹象判断用 be going to：黑云压城→It's going to rain.，不选 will。
见到 want/hope/plan/decide/agree/learn/refuse 等词，后面动词用 to do。
3b 第 3、5 题是迹象判断：天要下雨→带伞，又湿又冷→洗热水澡。
约时间地点四连问：What do you want to do → Where are we going to meet → What time... → See you then!
第 1 题主语 your classmates 是复数，be 用 are；第 3 题 look at the dark clouds 就是“迹象”信号词。
语言点归纳
be going to：主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形；否定在 be 后加 not；疑问把 be 提前；
两大用法：事先计划 / 迹象判断；标志词 tomorrow / next+时间 / in+时间段 / in the future；
不定式作宾语：want / hope / plan / decide / agree / try / learn / refuse+to do；
have no idea=don't know；否定句“也”用 either。
课堂总结
本课围绕 Grammar Focus 展开：
1. 掌握 be going to 结构（主语+am/is/are going to+动词原形）与四句型转换；
2. 辨清两大用法（事先计划/迹象判断）与四类标志词；
3. 归纳常接不定式作宾语的动词（want/hope/plan/decide/agree...）；
4. 完成 3b 匹配、3c 对话补全与 3d 周末约定，学会用计划管理时间。
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