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Unit 8 Let's Communicate! Section B (2a-3c) · 讲义
Unit 8 Let's Communicate! Section B (2a-3c)
课时基本信息
课题 Unit 8 Let's Communicate! — Section B (2a-3c)
课型 词汇与写作课
年级 八年级上册
课时 第 5 课时
教材 人教版（2024）英语八年级上册（Unit 8，课本 p.78-79）
主题 人与社会——沟通与交往（How do we communicate / How can we communicate better ）
教学重难点
重点　2a 加名词后缀构词并完成句子；2b 短语填空；2c 连词成段并排序；3a 读邀请信划出日期、时间、地点与演讲主题；3b 判断开头句与结尾句；3c 写一封邀请全体学生和家长听演讲的信（含 if 条件句）（课本 p.78-79）。
难点　名词后缀 -er/-or/-th/-ment/-ship/-tion 等构词规律；邀请信四部分结构与“开头-内容-结尾”写法；instead of 与 instead 之辨；look forward to 接 doing。
本课词汇
单词/词组 音标 释义
social / s l/ adj. 社会的；社交的 n. 联谊会（social media）
medium / mi di m/ n. (pl. media) 媒介；手段 adj. 中等的
social media - phr. 社交媒体
trust /tr st/ n. & v. 信任；相信（build trust）
misunderstanding / m s nd st nd / n. 误解；误会（mis+understanding）
keep (…) away from … - phr. （使）远离；避免……靠近
event / vent/ n. 公开活动；重要事情（Education Talk event）
take place - phr. 发生；进行（不用被动语态）
cost /k st/ n. 费用；价钱；代价 v. 价格为；使付出（travel and hotel costs）
opportunity / p tju n ti/ n. 机会；时机（an excellent opportunity）
benefit / ben f t/ v. 对……有用；使受益 n. 益处（benefit...from... 从……获益）
reply /r pla / n. & v. 回答；回复（look forward to your reply）
honour / n (r)/ n. （=honor）荣幸；尊敬 v. 给……荣誉
sincerely /s n s li/ adv. 真诚地；诚实地（Yours sincerely）
opening / p n / adj. 开篇的 n. 开始（the opening sentence）
closing / kl z / adj. 结尾的 n. 停业；关闭（the closing sentence）
sentence / sent ns/ n. 句子；判决
date /de t/ n. 日期；日子；约会 v. 注明日期
clause /kl z/ n. 从句；分句（if-clause 条件从句）
学习过程
（一）Step 1 2a 加后缀构词与名词后缀大全
2a Add the proper suffix to each word in brackets to make a new word. Then complete the sentences with the new words.（课本 p.78）后缀框：-er -or -th -ment -ship
1. To keep a __________ (friend), you need to make time for each other and care about your friend's feelings.→friendship（关心；担心 care about）
2. If you want to solve the ________ (argue), perhaps you should talk about the situation with your friend.→argument
3. If you don't know what to say to her, I think the best way is to tell the _______ (true).→truth
4. They always welcome the _______ (visit) in a kind, friendly way.→visitors（in a ... way 用……的方式）
5. While giving a speech, you should watch the _______ (listen) carefully to see if they understand.→listeners（give a speech 发表演讲）
Good to know——常见名词后缀分类：表示“人或职业”：-er（teacher/writer/worker/driver）、-or（actor/doctor/inventor）、-ist（artist/scientist/pianist）、-ian（musician/historian/Canadian）；表示“抽象概念或状态”：-ment（development/agreement/movement）、-tion/-sion/-ation（invention/discussion/education/information）、-ness（happiness/kindness/illness）、-ity/-ty（ability/safety/difficulty）、-th（length/truth/warmth）、-ance/-ence（importance/patience/difference）；表示“物”：-tion（station/location）、-age（package/luggage/cage）；其他：-ship（friendship/leadership 身份、关系、技能）、-hood（childhood/brotherhood 时期、状态）、-ism（idealism 主义、学说）。
图1　2a 后缀构词（课本 p.78）
图2　常见名词后缀分类
【2a】1. friendship　2. argument　3. truth　4. visitors　5. listeners
思路点拨：后缀决定词性：加 -ship/-ment/-th 后变成名词，前面可加冠词或形容词。
（二）Step 2 2b-2c 短语填空与连词成段
2b Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.（课本 p.78）make up / right away / show... around / show... interest / worry about
1. When my cousin visited Beijing for the first time, I offered to show her around. 2. My brother and I often have fights, but we always make up soon after. 3. If you want to watch the drama, you should book the seats right away.（book ①动词 预约；预订——Could I book a ticket for Friday ②名词 书）4. He showed great interest in music when he was a small child. 5. If you are sure about your choice, you don't have to worry about what other people will say.（be sure about 确信；对……有把握）
2c Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. Then put them in the correct order to make a short passage.（课本 p.78）词框：text / face to face / communication / relationship / argue
1 Many people today communicate by text and social media instead of in person. 2 However, in-person communication is an important skill to learn. 3 When we meet face to face and talk, our body language and voice help others better understand our meaning. 4 This can keep us away from misunderstandings and arguments. 5 Also, it may be easier to build trust and develop stronger relationships.
图3　2c 排序成段（课本 p.78）
【2b】1. show...around　2. make up　3. right away　4. showed/great/interest　5. worry about
【2c】填空：text / communication / face to face / arguments / relationships；语序：1→2→3→4→5（text 句→communication 句→face to face 句→arguments 句→relationships 句）
思路点拨：2c 短文主旨：当面交流不可替代——正好呼应 L4 课文四条建议。
（三）Step 3 3a 读邀请信：划出四要素
3a Read an invitation letter for an event. Underline the date, time, place, and topic of the speech.（课本 p.79）
信件原文：10 December 20____ / Dear Professor Jones, / We would like to invite you to give a speech at our Education Talk event. The event will take place at 9 a.m. on 10th January. If you are able to attend the event, we will cover all your travel and hotel costs. / The event is an excellent opportunity for students, parents, and teachers to hear new opinions and ideas. If you can spare the time to give a speech on teenagers' communication skills, we are sure the students will benefit a lot from you. / We are looking forward to your reply. If you have any special needs, please let us know. It would be a great honour to have you speak at our school. / Yours sincerely, / Minghua Middle School
四要素：Date 日期——10 December 20____；Time 时间——at 9 a.m. on 10th January；Place 地点——at our Education Talk event（我校）；Topic 主题——a speech on teenagers' communication skills（青少年沟通技巧）
语言点：invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事；take place 发生；进行；cover ①足以支付；够付——The show could just cover its costs. ②遮盖；包括；③名词 遮盖物；封皮；opportunity 机会；时机——have an opportunity to do sth / opportunity for (doing) sth；benefit...from... 从……中获益；look forward to 盼望——to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动词-ing；have sb do sth 要某人做某事；let sb do sth 让某人做某事。
图4　3a 邀请信与四要素（课本 p.79）
【3a】Date: 10 December 20____；Time: at 9 a.m. on 10th January；Place: our school（Education Talk event）；Topic: teenagers' communication skills
思路点拨：三段功能：第一段发出邀请+时间；第二段说明意义+主题；第三段期待回复+致意。
（四）Step 4 3b 开头/结尾句判断与 3c 写邀请信
信件结构（Observe and think）：Part 1 the writing time of the letter 写信时间 / Part 2 Salutation 称呼：Dear Professor Jones, / Part 3 Body 正文：opening, content, closing / Part 4 Closing & Signature 结束语与签名。Body 写法：Paragraph 1 opening（I'd like... 发出邀请；The event will take place... 时间日期；If you are able to..., we will... 条件+安排）；Paragraph 2（The event is... 意义；If you can spare the time to..., we are sure... 条件+意义）；Paragraph 3 closing（We are looking forward to your reply. 期待；If you have..., please... 条件+体贴；It would be a great honour to... 致谢）
3b Decide whether each sentence is the opening (O) or the closing (C) for an invitation letter.（课本 p.79）A. Hoping to meet you there. B. I'm writing to invite you to... C. I hope you'll be able to make it. D. We would like to invite you to... E. Looking forward to seeing you then.（hope 用法：①hope to do sth ②hope+(that) 从句；make it 口语习语：①能够出席/到场——I'm afraid I can't make it. ②准时到达 ③获得成功——He finally made it.）
3c Write a letter to invite all students and their parents to attend the speech. Make sure you include these points: the opening and the closing sentences / the date, time, and topic of the speech / why they should attend the speech (with if-clauses).（课本 p.79）文体：应用文（邀请信）；人称时态：以第三人称（学校口吻）为主，一般现在时+一般将来时。谋篇：发出邀请（We would like to invite you ... / So why not come to... ）→介绍活动安排（The event will take place ... / It will be a great chance for you to...）→再次邀请并表达期望（If you can make it, you'll... / I'm looking forward to...）
句型荟萃——开头句：We are... We'd like to invite you to... / I wonder if I have the honour to invite you... / It's my honour/pleasure to... / Our school is going to...；中间句：If you..., you will find it... to... / If you can spare the time to..., we are sure... / You will surely benefit a lot from this activity. / I think one of the most important things is to...；结尾句：I'm looking forward to... / Please reply to me as soon as possible. / It would be a great honour to... / I think this ... will be useful/helpful to you.
范文：Dear Students and Parents, We would like to invite you to our Education Talk event. The event will take place at 9 a.m. on 10th January. Professor Jones will give a speech on teenagers' communication skills. If you are able to attend the event, you can hear new opinions and ideas. We are sure you will benefit a lot from it. Looking forward to seeing you then. Yours sincerely, Minghua Middle School
图5　邀请信四部分结构
图6　3c 范文（课本 p.79 要求）
【3b】A—C（结尾）　B—O（开头）　C—C（结尾）　D—O（开头）　E—C（结尾）
思路点拨：写作自查四项：内容完整 / 语法正确 / 词汇丰富 / 书写美观——三条要点（开头结尾句、时间主题、if 句理由）一个不能少。
（五）Step 5 随堂检测
当堂完成，答案见各题下方。
1. 友谊 (名词，friend+后缀) ____________
答案：friendship
2. 机会；时机 (名词) ____________
答案：opportunity
3. 发生；进行 (短语，不用被动) ________ ________
答案：take place
4. 从……中获益 (短语) ____________ ... ________ ...
答案：benefit...from...
5. We are looking forward to ________ (hear) from you soon.
答案：hearing（to 是介词）
6. If you can spare the time ________ (give) a speech, we are sure the students will benefit a lot.
答案：to give（spare time to do 腾时间做）
7. The event will take place ________ 9 a.m. ________ 10th January.
答案：at；on（钟点用 at，具体日期用 on）
8. It would be a great ________ (honourable) to have you speak at our school.
答案：honour（名词，=honor）
9. Please write back and tell me all the ________ (detail) about the reunion.
答案：details（复数）
10. 翻译：我们诚邀您莅临我校“教育论坛”活动并作演讲。________________________________
答案：We would like to invite you to give a speech at our Education Talk event.
易错提醒
注意：argue 的名词是 argument——去 e 加 ment；true 的名词是 truth（不是 trueness）。
注意：instead of 是介词短语后接名词/doing（walk instead of driving）；instead 是副词常位于句首或句末修饰整句——We shouldn't use plastic bags. Instead, we should take our own bags.
注意：take place 不用被动语态——The event will take place...（不是 will be taken place）。
注意：look forward to 后接 doing 或名词（looking forward to seeing you），to 是介词——与 3b 的 E 句一致。
注意：sincerely 与 sincere 同源——信末署名前用 Yours sincerely, 真诚 greetings 固定搭配。
答题技巧
选后缀先看词性需求：friend→关系用 -ship，argue→结果用 -ment，true→性质用 -th。
2c 排序抓逻辑词链：Many people...（现状）→However（转折）→When we...（展开）→This can...（结果）→Also（递进）。
四要素口诀：信首写日期，正文找 at+钟点、on+日期，主题看 a speech on...。
开头句特征：I'm writing to... / We would like to invite...；结尾句特征：Hoping... / Looking forward to... / I hope you'll...——分词与 hope 开头多是结尾。
第 5 题最易错：look forward to 的 to 是介词，后接动名词 hearing，不是动词原形。
语言点归纳
trust：①不可数名词 信任——put your trust in me；②及物动词——trust sb (not) to do sth 相信某人（不）会做某事；
keep (...) away from ...（使）远离：keep children away from danger / keep away from the fire；
misunderstanding 误解=mis+understanding；argument 争论=argue+-ment。
邀请信四部分：写信时间→称呼（Dear...）→正文（opening 三要素+content 意义+closing 期待）→结束语与签名（Yours sincerely）；
开头句：We would like to invite you to... / It's my honour to...；
结尾句：Looking forward to seeing you then. / Please reply to me as soon as possible.；
用 if 条件句说明“为什么值得来”：If you are able to attend..., you will...；
名言：Language is a bridge that connects people. / Body language speaks louder than words. / Communication is the key to understanding and building relationships.
课堂总结
本课围绕 Section B (2a-3c) 展开：
1. 掌握名词后缀构词（-ship/-ment/-th/-er/-or 等），完成 2b 短语填空与 2c 排序成段；
2. 读懂邀请信并划出日期、时间、地点、主题四要素；
3. 判断 3b 开头/结尾句（A-C B-O C-C D-O E-C），掌握信件四部分结构；
4. 仿写邀请信：开头结尾句+时间主题+if 条件句说明与会理由。
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