人教版(新教材)八年级上册英语Unit 1 Happy Holiday复合不定代词讲练(含答案)

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人教版(新教材)八年级上册英语Unit 1 Happy Holiday复合不定代词讲练(含答案)

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八年级英语上册 Unit 1 核心语法:复合不定代词
一、知识讲解
(一)什么是复合不定代词
复合不定代词是由两个词组合而成的代词,用来指代不确定的人、事物或物品,不特指某一个具体的人或东西。八年级上册核心复合不定代词分为两大类:
表1 复合不定代词分类
类别 复合不定代词
指代“人” someone / somebody(某人);anyone / anybody(任何人);no one / nobody(没有人);everyone / everybody(每个人、所有人)
指代“事物” something(某物、某事);anything(任何事物);nothing(没有东西、无事);everything(一切、所有事物)
基础小规律:
以 body / one 结尾的,指人;以 thing 结尾的,指物。
(二)复合不定代词四大核心用法
用法一:单数原则(最核心考点)
所有复合不定代词作句子主语时,谓语动词一律用单数形式。不论中文翻译是“所有人”“一切”,在英文语法中通通算单数。
1. Everyone is here.(所有人都到齐了,不用 are)
2. Something is wrong with my bike.(我的自行车出问题了)
3. Nobody knows the answer.(没有人知道答案)
用法二:形容词后置修饰(高频易错点)
形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词必须放在不定代词的后面。与普通名词不同,不能说 good something,必须后置。
1. I have something important to tell you.(我有一些重要的事情要告诉你,important 后置)
2. Did you find anything interesting (你发现什么有趣的事了吗?)
3. There is nothing new in today’s newspaper.(今天的报纸没有什么新鲜事)
用法三:some / any 用法区别(与普通句型一致)
1. something / someone / somebody 多用于肯定句;表示委婉请求、建议、邀请的疑问句中也要用 something(高频考点)。
Would you like something to drink (你想要喝点什么吗?)
Would you like something to eat (你想吃点东西吗?)
解析:虽然这两句是疑问句,但说话人是提出邀请,期待对方给出肯定回答,所以用 something 而不用 anything。
2. anything / anyone / anybody 多用于否定句、疑问句、条件句。
I want something to eat.(肯定句:我想吃点东西)
I don’t have anything to do.(否定句:我无事可做)
Can you give me something to drink (委婉请求疑问句:你能给我点喝的吗?)
用法四:不定代词 + to do 不定式
复合不定代词后可直接接动词不定式(to do),表示“要……的某物/某人”。
1. I have nothing to worry about.(我没有什么可担心的)
2. Do you have anything to say (你有什么想说的吗?)
(三)易混词语辨析
1. nothing 与 none
nothing:指事物,意为“什么都没有”,回答 what 提问;none:可指人或物,强调数量上一个没有,回答 how many / how much 提问。
2. no one 与 nobody
两者意思完全一致,均指“没有人”,可互换使用,只指人,不指物。
二、专项练习
(一)单项选择(每题 1 分,共 10 分)
1. There is ______ in the box. It’s empty.
A. something B. nothing C. everything
2. Everyone ______ a dream in their heart.
A. have B. has C. is
3. Did you buy ______ special on your vacation
A. anything B. something C. nothing
4. I have ______ important to do this afternoon.
A. nothing B. anything C. everything
5. ______ is ready for the party.
A. Nothing B. Everything C. Anything
6. Nobody ______ late for school today.
A. are B. is C. be
7. Would you like ______ interesting
A. something B. anything C. nothing
8. There isn’t ______ wrong with my phone.
A. something B. anything C. everything
9. Everyone ______ happy at the school trip yesterday.
A. was B. were C. is
10. I don’t have ______ to do now.
A. something B. nothing C. anything
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空(每题 1 分,共 5 分)
1. Everything ______ (go) well.
2. Is there ______ (something) new today
3. Everyone in our class ______ (like) English.
4. I have nothing ______ (do) on weekends.
5. Did you see ______ (anyone) in the room
(三)句型转换(每题 2 分,共 10 分)
1. I bought something interesting.(改为否定句)
I ______ ______ interesting.
2. Everyone had a good time.(改为一般疑问句)
______ everyone ______ a good time
3. There is nothing wrong.(同义句转换)
There ______ ______ wrong.
4. Something is in the bag.(改为一般疑问句)
______ ______ in the bag
5. Nobody knows him.(改为同义句)
______ ______ knows him.
参考答案
题号 答案
1 B
2 B
3 A
4 A
5 B
6 B
7 A
8 B
9 A
10 C
题号 答案
1 goes
2 anything
3 likes
4 to do
5 anyone
题号 参考答案
1 I bought nothing interesting.
2 Did everyone have a good time
3 There isn’t anything wrong.
4 Is anything in the bag
5 No one knows him.

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