资源简介 八年级英语上册 Unit 1 核心语法:复合不定代词一、知识讲解(一)什么是复合不定代词复合不定代词是由两个词组合而成的代词,用来指代不确定的人、事物或物品,不特指某一个具体的人或东西。八年级上册核心复合不定代词分为两大类:表1 复合不定代词分类类别 复合不定代词指代“人” someone / somebody(某人);anyone / anybody(任何人);no one / nobody(没有人);everyone / everybody(每个人、所有人)指代“事物” something(某物、某事);anything(任何事物);nothing(没有东西、无事);everything(一切、所有事物)基础小规律:以 body / one 结尾的,指人;以 thing 结尾的,指物。(二)复合不定代词四大核心用法用法一:单数原则(最核心考点)所有复合不定代词作句子主语时,谓语动词一律用单数形式。不论中文翻译是“所有人”“一切”,在英文语法中通通算单数。1. Everyone is here.(所有人都到齐了,不用 are)2. Something is wrong with my bike.(我的自行车出问题了)3. Nobody knows the answer.(没有人知道答案)用法二:形容词后置修饰(高频易错点)形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词必须放在不定代词的后面。与普通名词不同,不能说 good something,必须后置。1. I have something important to tell you.(我有一些重要的事情要告诉你,important 后置)2. Did you find anything interesting (你发现什么有趣的事了吗?)3. There is nothing new in today’s newspaper.(今天的报纸没有什么新鲜事)用法三:some / any 用法区别(与普通句型一致)1. something / someone / somebody 多用于肯定句;表示委婉请求、建议、邀请的疑问句中也要用 something(高频考点)。Would you like something to drink (你想要喝点什么吗?)Would you like something to eat (你想吃点东西吗?)解析:虽然这两句是疑问句,但说话人是提出邀请,期待对方给出肯定回答,所以用 something 而不用 anything。2. anything / anyone / anybody 多用于否定句、疑问句、条件句。I want something to eat.(肯定句:我想吃点东西)I don’t have anything to do.(否定句:我无事可做)Can you give me something to drink (委婉请求疑问句:你能给我点喝的吗?)用法四:不定代词 + to do 不定式复合不定代词后可直接接动词不定式(to do),表示“要……的某物/某人”。1. I have nothing to worry about.(我没有什么可担心的)2. Do you have anything to say (你有什么想说的吗?)(三)易混词语辨析1. nothing 与 nonenothing:指事物,意为“什么都没有”,回答 what 提问;none:可指人或物,强调数量上一个没有,回答 how many / how much 提问。2. no one 与 nobody两者意思完全一致,均指“没有人”,可互换使用,只指人,不指物。二、专项练习(一)单项选择(每题 1 分,共 10 分)1. There is ______ in the box. It’s empty.A. something B. nothing C. everything2. Everyone ______ a dream in their heart.A. have B. has C. is3. Did you buy ______ special on your vacation A. anything B. something C. nothing4. I have ______ important to do this afternoon.A. nothing B. anything C. everything5. ______ is ready for the party.A. Nothing B. Everything C. Anything6. Nobody ______ late for school today.A. are B. is C. be7. Would you like ______ interesting A. something B. anything C. nothing8. There isn’t ______ wrong with my phone.A. something B. anything C. everything9. Everyone ______ happy at the school trip yesterday.A. was B. were C. is10. I don’t have ______ to do now.A. something B. nothing C. anything(二)用所给词的适当形式填空(每题 1 分,共 5 分)1. Everything ______ (go) well.2. Is there ______ (something) new today 3. Everyone in our class ______ (like) English.4. I have nothing ______ (do) on weekends.5. Did you see ______ (anyone) in the room (三)句型转换(每题 2 分,共 10 分)1. I bought something interesting.(改为否定句)I ______ ______ interesting.2. Everyone had a good time.(改为一般疑问句)______ everyone ______ a good time 3. There is nothing wrong.(同义句转换)There ______ ______ wrong.4. Something is in the bag.(改为一般疑问句)______ ______ in the bag 5. Nobody knows him.(改为同义句)______ ______ knows him.参考答案题号 答案1 B2 B3 A4 A5 B6 B7 A8 B9 A10 C题号 答案1 goes2 anything3 likes4 to do5 anyone题号 参考答案1 I bought nothing interesting.2 Did everyone have a good time 3 There isn’t anything wrong.4 Is anything in the bag 5 No one knows him. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览