资源简介 微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理1.cough /k f/n. 咳嗽 31.moment / m m nt/n. 片刻;瞬间2.fever / fi v (r)/n. 发烧 32.seem /si m/v. 好像,似乎3.sore /s (r)/adj.(发炎)疼痛的;酸痛的 33.empty / empti/adj. 空的;无意义的4.throat /θr t/n. 咽喉;喉咙 34.stomach / st m k/n. 胃5.temperature / tempr t (r)/n. 体温;温度 35.worse /w s/adj. 更差的;更糟的;更坏的6.medicine / medsn/n. 药,药物;医学 36.fridge /frId /n. 冰箱(=refrigerator7.slim /slIm/adj. 苗条的 /rI frId reIt (r)/)8.diet / daI t/n. 日常饮食 37.weight /weIt/n. 重量9.screen /skri n/n. 屏幕;荧屏 38.potato /p teIt /n. 马铃薯;土豆10.sugar / g (r)/n. 糖;食糖 39.corn /k n/n. 玉米;(小麦等)谷物11.ache /eIk/n.(身体某部位的)疼痛 40.candy / k ndi/n. 糖果;巧克力12.hamburger / h mb g (r)/n. 汉堡包 41.biscuit / bIskIt/n. 饼干13.chip /t Ip/n. 炸薯条 42.beef /bi f/n. 牛肉14.pork /p k/n. 猪肉 43.cucumber / kju k mb (r)/n. 黄瓜15.pepper / pep (r)/n. 胡椒粉 44.prefer /prI f (r)/v. 较喜欢单词16.pill /pIl/n. 药丸;药片 45.bean /bi n/n. 豆;豆荚17.shy / aI/adj. 羞怯的;腼腆的 46.though / /conj. 虽然;尽管;即使18.snack /sn k/n. 点心;小吃;快餐 47.method / meθ d/n. 方法;办法;措施19.chocolate / t kl t/n. 巧克力 48.focus / f k s/v. 集中(注意力、精力等)n. 中20.cookie / k ki/n. 曲奇饼 心点;关注21.ice cream / aIskri m/n. 冰激凌 49.smell /smel/n. 气味;嗅觉22.lazy / leIzi/adj. 懒惰的;懒散的 50.serve /s v/v. 端上;接待;服务23.condition /k n dI n/n. 健康状况;状态 51.hobby / h bi/n. 业余爱好24.diary / daI ri/n. 日记;日记簿 52.hurry / h ri/n. 匆忙;急忙 v. 匆忙,急忙(25.positive / p z tIv/adj. 积极乐观的;正面的 做某事)26.benefit / benIfIt/n. 益处;优势 53.mad /m d/adj. 很生气;气愤27.volleyball / v lib l/n. 排球运动 54.fit /fIt/adj. 健壮的;健康的28.energy / en d i/n. 精力;能源;能量 55.spread /spred/v. & n. 传播;散布29.glad /ɡl d/adj. 高兴;愉快30.absent / bs nt/adj. 缺席;不在1.量体温 take one’s temperature 16.与某人交流 communicate with sb.短语2.失声;嗓子哑 lose one’s voice 17.确保做某事 make sure to do sth.第 1 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理3.熬夜 stay up late 18.偶然发现;偶然遇见 come across4.发烧 have a fever 19.过幸福的生活 live a happy life5.远离…… stay/keep away from 20.度过;通过 get through6.一点也不;根本不 not...at all 21.偶然;巧合 by chance7.服药 take some pills 22.对…… 有害 be bad for8.一来,一方面 for one thing 23.更糟糕的是 what’s worse9.另一方面 for another 24.摆脱 get rid of10.做某事的好方法 a good way to do sth. 25.减肥 lose weight11.做运动 do some exercise 26.另一方面 on the other hand12.立刻;马上 right away 27.专注于 focus on13.写日志 keep a diary 28.开始从事;占用 take up14.在某人看来 in one’s opinion 29.保持健康 stay/keep fit15.心情愉快 in a good mood1.What’s wrong with you (你怎么了?)2.I just took my temperature.(我刚量了体温。)3.I have a fever.(我发烧了。)4.I’m sorry to hear that. You need to see a doctor.(听到这个消息我很抱歉。你需要去看医生。)5.I feel very sick and have a stomachache.(我感觉很不舒服,而且肚子疼。)6.When did you feel the ache (你什么时候开始疼的?)7.You ate too much junk food, especially hot pepper and iced Coke.(你吃了太多垃圾食品,尤其是辣椒和冰可乐。)8.It is not healthy at all.(它一点也不健康。)句型 9.You need to take a rest and take some pills.(你需要休息并吃些药。)10.He became a nonsmoker in order to keep healthy.(为了保持健康,他成了一名不吸烟的人。)11.Hamburgers may taste delicious, but it is unhealthy to eat too many of them.(汉堡包可能尝起来很美味,但吃太多是不健康的。)12.It is impossible to keep healthy without good living habits.(没有良好的生活习惯,保持健康是不可能的。)13.I need to get some sleep now.(我现在需要睡一会儿。)14.You needn’t stay up. You need to take care of yourself.(你不必熬夜。你需要照顾好自己。)15.Exercise is good for us in many ways.(运动在很多方面对我们有好处。)16.You need to start slowly with a warmup, and then move on step by step.第 2 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理(你需要从缓慢的热身开始,然后逐步进行。)17.Staying positive has amazing benefits.(保持积极心态有惊人的好处。)18.We both live healthy lifestyles.(我们俩都过着健康的生活方式。)19.Parkrun started in 2004 when a group of friends wanted to have a running event in London,England.(“公园跑” 始于 2004 年,当时一群朋友想在英国伦敦举办一场跑步活动。)20.Our lifestyles help us stay strong and feel happy.(我们的生活方式帮助我们保持强壮,感到快乐。)1. Prefixes non- ,dis- ,un- ,mis- ,in-, and im-语法2. needtodo/don'tneedtodo/needn'tdo语音 1. Assimilation&Liaison 同化与连读第 3 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理知识点精讲知识点 1. What’s wrong with you I just took my temperature. I have a fever.(你怎么了?我刚量了体温。我发烧了。)(P38)讲:①“What’s wrong with you ” 是询问他人身体不适或遇到问题的核心特殊疑问句,句型为“What’s wrong with + 宾语(sb./sth.)?”,“wrong” 为形容词,表 “有毛病的、不适的”;②“take my temperature” 是固定短语,“take” 表 “进行(动作)”,“temperature” 为不可数名词,“my”需根据主语替换为 “your/his/her” 等形容词性物主代词;③“have a fever” 是 “患发烧” 的固定搭配,“have + a + 疾病名称” 是英语表达 “患病” 的常用结构(如 “have a headache”“have a toothache”),“fever” 为可数名词,此处用单数。例句:What’s wrong with your sister She took her temperature and said she had a fever.(你妹妹怎么了?她量了体温,说自己发烧了。)拓展:同义问句还有 “What’s the matter with you ”和 “What’s the trouble with you ”;若询问 “某物出问题”,可将 “you” 替换为 “sth.”,如 “What’s wrong with the thermometer ”(体温计怎么了?)。知识点 2. I have a bad cough. I need to take some cough medicine.(我咳嗽得很严重。我需要吃些咳嗽药。)(P38)讲:①“have a bad cough” 中,“bad” 为形容词,修饰 “cough”(名词,表 “咳嗽”),“bad cough” 意为 “严重的咳嗽”;②“need to take” 中,“need to do sth.” 是实义动词用法,表 “需要做某事”,“take” 此处表 “服用(药物)”,是 “吃药” 的固定动词(不可说 “eat medicine”);③“cough medicine” 是名词短语,表 “治疗咳嗽的药”,“medicine” 为不可数名词,“some” 修饰不可数名词表 “一些”。例句:He has a bad cough, so he needs to take some cough medicine and drink more water.(他咳嗽得很严重,所以需要吃些咳嗽药,多喝些水。)辨析:“take medicine”“have medicine” 均表 “吃药”,可互换;但 “take” 更常用,且 “take + 具体药物名称” 时需加 “the”,如 “take the cough medicine”(吃这种咳嗽药),而 “some coughmedicine” 中 “some” 后不加 “the”。知识点 3. Wang Junfeng spends too much time on phone games.(王俊峰花太多时间玩手机游戏。)(P39)讲:①“spends too much time on phone games” 是 “spend + 时间 + on sth.” 的固定结构,“spend” 表“花费(时间 / 金钱)”,主语必须是人,时态为一般现在时,主语 “Wang Junfeng” 是第三人称单数,故 “spend” 用 “spends”;第 4 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理②“too much” 是限定词,表 “太多”,仅修饰不可数名词(如 “time”“money”),区别于 “too many”(修饰可数名词复数);例句:My brother spends too much time on computer games, so he doesn’t have time to do homework.(我弟弟花太多时间玩电脑游戏,所以没时间做作业。)拓展:“spend”“cost”“take”“pay” 均表 “花费”,区别如下:①“spend” 主语是人,搭配 “spend on sth./(in) doing sth.”;②“cost” 主语是物,搭配 “sth. cost sb. money”;③“take” 主语是 “it”,搭配 “It takes sb. time to do sth.”;④“pay” 主语是人,搭配 “pay for sth.”。知识点 4. I feel very sick and have a stomachache.(我感觉很不舒服,而且肚子疼。)(P40)讲:①“feel very sick” 中,“feel” 是系动词,后接形容词 “sick” 作表语,“sick” 表 “身体不适的、恶心的”,可用于描述各种轻微或严重的身体不舒服;②“have a stomachache” 是 “患胃痛 / 肚子疼” 的固定搭配,“stomachache” 由 “stomach”(胃)+“ache”(疼痛)构成,类似复合词还有 “headache”(头痛)、“toothache”(牙痛),均需用 “have a + 复合词” 表 “患某种疼痛”。例句:She ate too much cold food, so she feels sick and has a stomachache.(她吃了太多冷的食物,所以感觉不舒服,还肚子疼。)辨析:“sick” 与 “ill” 的区别:①“sick” 可作表语(如 “I feel sick”)和定语(如 “a sick man”),表 “生病的、恶心的”;②“ill” 仅作表语(如 “I am ill”),不可作定语(不可说 “an ill man”),表 “生病的”,语气比“sick” 稍重。知识点 5. You ate too much junk food. It is not healthy at all.(你吃了太多垃圾食品。它一点也不健康。)(P40)讲:①“junk food” 是不可数名词短语,表 “垃圾食品”,指高热量、低营养的食物(如汉堡、薯条),无复数形式,前面不可加 “a/an”,可用 “some/much/too much” 修饰;②“not healthy at all” 中,“not...at all” 是固定短语,表 “一点也不……”,用于加强否定语气,“at all”需置于句末,“healthy” 是形容词,表 “健康的”,其反义词是 “unhealthy”(加前缀 “un-” 构成否定)。例句:Eating too much junk food is not healthy at all, so we should eat less of it.(吃太多垃圾食品一点也不健康,所以我们应该少吃。)拓展:“not...at all” 的用法:① 用于否定句,修饰形容词、副词或动词,如 “He doesn’t like math at all”(他一点也不喜欢数学);第 5 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理② 口语中可简化为 “not at all”,用于回答感谢(表 “不客气”)或道歉(表 “没关系”),如 “Thankyou!”—“Not at all!”(“谢谢!”—“不客气!”)。知识点 6. You need to take a rest and take some pills.(你需要休息一下,还要吃些药片。)(P40)讲:①“take a rest” 是固定短语,表 “休息一下”,等同于 “have a rest”;②“take some pills” 中,“pills” 是 “pill”(药片)的复数形式,“take” 表 “服用(药片)”,是 “吃药片” 的固定动词,“some” 修饰可数名词复数 “pills”,表 “一些”。例句:After working for 8 hours, you need to take a rest and drink some water.(工作 8 小时后,你需要休息一下,喝些水。)拓展:“rest” 可作名词和动词,作名词时搭配 “take/have a rest”,作动词时搭配 “rest for + 时间”,如 “She rested for 30 minutes after lunch”(她午饭后休息了 30 分钟)。知识点 7. Pingping and Yining both love sports a lot. Unlike her, Yining is shy.(平平和伊宁都非常喜欢运动。和她不同,伊宁很害羞。)(P42)讲:①“both” 是代词 / 形容词,语,表 “两者都”,需置于实义动词前、系动词 / 情态动词后,如 “They both are students”(系动词后)、“They both like sports”(实义动词前);②“Unlike her” 中,“unlike” 是介词,表 “和…… 不同”,后接名词 / 代词(如 “her” 指代“Pingping”),不可接句子,区别于 “unlike” 作形容词(表 “不同的”,如 “unlike ideas”);例句:Tom and Jim both like playing basketball. Unlike Tom, Jim is shy and doesn’t like talking to others.(汤姆和吉姆都喜欢打篮球。和汤姆不同,吉姆很害羞,不喜欢和别人说话。)拓展:表 “两者都不” 用 “neither”,表 “两者中的一个” 用 “either”,如 “Neither of them likesswimming”(他们俩都不喜欢游泳)、“Either you or he can go”(要么你去,要么他去)。8. Exercise is good for us in many ways. For one thing, it can help build a strong body. For another,it is a good way to rest and relax our minds.(运动在很多方面对我们有好处。一方面,它能帮助我们塑造强壮的身体。另一方面,它是休息和放松大脑的好方法。)(P43)讲:①“be good for” ,表 “对…… 有好处”,其反义词短语是 “be bad for”(对…… 有害);②“in many ways” 是介词短语,表 “在很多方面”,“ways” 此处表 “方面、方式”;③“For one thing...For another...” ,表 “一方面…… 另一方面……”,用于列举同一事物的两个不同方面,两个短语后均需接完整句子;④“help build a strong body” 中,“help (to) do sth.” 是固定搭配,“to” 可省略,“build a strong body”表 “塑造强壮的身体”。例句:Reading is good for us in many ways. For one thing, it can help us learn knowledge. For another, itcan make us feel relaxed.(阅读在很多方面对我们有好处。一方面,它能帮助我们学习知识。另一方面,它能让我们感到放松。)第 6 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理辨析:“For one thing...For another...” 与 “On one hand...On the other hand...” 的区别:前者用于列举同一事物的两个相关方面(多为积极方面);后者可用于列举同一事物的两个对立方面,如 “Onone hand, playing phone games is fun; on the other hand, it’s bad for eyes.”(一方面,玩手机游戏很有趣;另一方面,它对眼睛不好。)知识点 9. When you plan to do exercise, here are some tips for you.(当你计划做运动时,这里有一些给你的建议。)(P43)讲:①“plan to do sth.” 表 “计划做某事”;②“do exercise” 是固定短语,表 “做运动”,等同于 “do sports”;例句:When you plan to learn English, here are some tips for you: read more and speak more.(当你计划学英语时,这里有一些给你的建议:多读、多说。)拓展:“here be” 句型的用法:① 主语是单数时用 “here is”,如 “Here is a tip for you”;② 主语是复数时用 “here are”;③ 若主语是代词,需用正常语序,如 “Here it is”(它在这儿),不可说 “Here is it”。知识点 10. In my opinion, staying positive has amazing benefits.(在我看来,保持积极心态有惊人的好处。)(P44)讲:①“In my opinion” 是插入语,表 “在我看来”,用于表达个人观点,可置于句首、句中或句末(句中 / 末需用逗号隔开),如 “Staying positive, in my opinion, has amazing benefits.”;②“staying positive” 是动名词短语作主语,动名词(doing)作主语时,谓语动词需用单数形式,故“has” 用第三人称单数;③“benefits” 是 “benefit”(好处、益处)的复数形式,“benefit” 为可数名词,“amazing”(形容词,表 “惊人的”)修饰 “benefits”,表 “惊人的好处”。例句:In my opinion, getting up early has many benefits for our health.(在我看来,早起对我们的健康有很多好处。)拓展:表达个人观点的类似短语还有 “From my point of view”(语气稍正式)、“I think”(最常用,后接宾语从句)、“I believe”(表 “我相信”,语气比 “I think” 强),如 “From my point of view,doing sports every day is necessary.”(在我看来,每天做运动很有必要。)知识点 11. I am never absent from the football matches in my school(. 我从不错过学校的足球比赛。)(P44)讲:“be absent from” 是固定短语,表 “缺席……、不在……”,“absent” 是形容词,表 “缺席的、不在场的”,其反义词是 “present”(在场的);第 7 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理例句:He is never absent from class, so he always gets good grades.(他从不上课缺席,所以总是取得好成绩。)拓展:“absent” 的名词形式是 “absence”,搭配 “the absence of”(缺乏……),如 “The absence ofexercise is bad for health.”(缺乏运动对健康有害。)知识点 12. Let’s talk about food and healthy diet. Fruit and vegetables are healthy. You need to eatthem every day.(让我们谈论一下食物和健康饮食吧。水果和蔬菜是健康的。你需要每天吃它们。)(P48)讲:①“Let’s talk about...” 是祈使句,表 “让我们谈论…… 吧”,“Let’s”=“Let us”,后接动词原形;②“talk about” 是固定短语,表 “谈论……”,后接名词 / 代词 / 动名词。例句:Let’s talk about healthy habits. We need to sleep early every night(. 让我们谈论一下健康习惯吧。我们需要每天晚上早睡。)辨析:“need to do sth.” 与 “needn’t do sth.” 的区别:①“need to do sth.” 中 “need” 是实义动词,有人称 / 时态变化,如 “He needs to study hard”(第三人称单数)、“They needed to go yesterday”(过去时);②“needn’t do sth.” 中 “need” 是情态动词,无人称 / 时态变化,仅用于否定句和疑问句,如 “NeedI go now ”(疑问句)、“You needn’t worry.”(否定句)。知识点 13. Potatoes are good vegetables, but chips are junk food.(土豆是健康的蔬菜,但薯条是垃圾食品。)(P48)讲:“Potatoes” 是 “potato”(土豆)的复数形式,以 “o” 结尾的可数名词变复数,有生命的加 “es”(如 “potato-potatoes”“tomato-tomatoes”),无生命的加 “s”(如 “photo-photos”“radio-radios”);例句:Tomatoes are healthy vegetables, but tomato sauce with too much sugar is unhealthy.(西红柿是健康的蔬菜,但含糖太多的番茄酱是不健康的。)拓展:英式英语与美式英语中 “食物” 的差异:①“薯条”:英式 “chips”,美式 “fries”;②“薯片”:英式 “crisps”,美式 “chips”;③“饼干”:英式 “biscuits”,美式 “cookies”;④“糖果”:英式“sweets”,美式 “candy”(不可数)。知识点 14. We both live healthy lifestyles. I enjoy running and playing soccer. My sister prefersswimming and basketball.(我们都过着健康的生活方式。我喜欢跑步和踢足球。我妹妹更喜欢游泳和打篮球。)(P49)讲:①“enjoy doing sth.” ,表 “喜欢做某事”,“enjoy” 后接动名词,不可接不定式(不可说 “enjoyto run”)②“prefer doing sth.” 表 “更喜欢做某事”,“prefer” 后接动名词或名词,其比较级含义隐含 “与其他事物相比”,如 “prefer swimming”=“like swimming better”。第 8 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理例句:My parents both live healthy lifestyles. My father enjoys hiking, and my mother prefers yoga.(我父母都过着健康的生活方式。我爸爸喜欢徒步旅行,我妈妈更喜欢瑜伽。)辨析:“enjoy doing sth.” 与 “prefer doing sth.” 的区别:①“enjoy” 仅表 “喜欢”,无比较含义;②“prefer” 表 “更喜欢”,隐含 “与其他选项对比”,还可用于 “prefer A to B”(比起 B 更喜欢 A),如 “She prefers tea to coffee”(比起咖啡,她更喜欢茶)。知识点 15. Though we choose different sports and food, we both care about being healthy.(虽然我们选择不同的运动和食物,但我们都关心保持健康。)(P49)讲:“Though” 是让步连词,表 “虽然、尽管”,引导让步状语从句,不可与 “but” 同时使用(英语中 “though/although” 与 “but” 不能连用),如不可说 “Though we are tired, but we keepworking”;例句:Though he is busy, he still cares about his family’s health.(虽然他很忙,但他仍然关心家人的健康。)拓展:“though” 与 “although” 的区别:① 两者含义相同,可互换;②“though” 可用于句末,表 “不过、然而”,如 “He is young. He is experienced, though.”(他很年轻,不过很有经验。);“although” 不可用于句末。知识点 16. Eat more vegetables and fruit. Do more exercise.(多吃蔬菜和水果。多做运动。)(P51)讲:①两句均为祈使句,祈使句以动词原形开头,表 “命令、建议、邀请” 等,此处表 “建议”;②“more” 是 “many/much” 的比较级,表 “更多的”,修饰可数名词复数 “vegetables and fruit(” “fruit”此处泛指 “水果”,为不可数名词,若表 “多种水果”,可加 “s” 为 “fruits”)和不可数名词“exercise”(“exercise” 表 “运动” 时不可数,表 “练习题” 时可数);例句:Eat more apples and bananas. Do more running every morning.(多吃苹果和香蕉。每天早上多跑步。)拓展:祈使句的否定形式在动词原形前加 “don’t”,如 “Don’t eat too much junk food.”(不要吃太多垃圾食品。);若表 “禁止”,可加 “never”,如 “Never stay up late.”(永远不要熬夜。)。知识点 17. It started in 2004 when a group of friends wanted to have a running event in London,England.(它始于 2004 年,当时一群朋友想在英国伦敦举办一场跑步活动。)(P53)讲:①“started in 2004” 中,“started” 是 “start” 的过去式,表 “开始”,“in 2004” 是时间状语,具体年份前用介词 “in”;②“a group of friends” 是名词短语,“a group of” 表 “一群……”,后接可数名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词可用单数或复数(侧重 “整体” 用单数,侧重 “个体” 用复数),第 9 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理③“have a running event” 中,“running” 是动名词作定语修饰 “event”,表 “跑步活动”。例句:The school started a sports club in 2020 when a group of teachers wanted to help students keephealthy.(学校在 2020 年成立了一个体育俱乐部,当时一群老师想帮助学生保持健康。)拓展:“a group of” 的类似短语还有 “a pair of”(一双 / 一对……)、“a team of”(一队……)、“aclass of”(一班……),如 “A pair of shoes is on the desk”(一双鞋在桌子上,“pair” 是单数,谓语用 “is”)。第 10 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理语法点精讲一、否定前缀及构词规律(non-, dis-, un-, mis-, in-, im-)否定前缀(non-, dis-, un-, mis-, in-, im-)通常附着在动词、名词或形容词前,构成与原词意义相反的新词,核心是表达 “不、非、无、错误” 等否定含义。前缀详解及例词:1. non-含义:表示 “非、无、不”,多接名词或动名词。例词:nonsmoker(n. 不吸烟者):non- + smoker(吸烟者)→ 不吸烟的人nonsense(n. 胡扯):non- + sense(道理)→ 没有道理的话nonstop(adj. 不停的):non- + stop(停止)→ 不停止的2. dis-含义:表示 “不、相反、否定”,多接动词。例词:disagree(v. 不同意):dis- + agree(同意)→ 不同意dislike(v. 不喜欢):dis- + like(喜欢)→ 不喜欢3. un-含义:表示 “不、未”,多接形容词或动词。例词:unhealthy(adj. 不健康的):un- + healthy(健康的)→ 不健康的uncomfortable(adj. 不舒服的):un- + comfortable(舒服的)→ 不舒服的4. mis-含义:表示 “错误、不当”,多接动词。例词:misplace(v. 放错):mis- + place(放置)→ 错误地放置5. in-含义:表示 “不、非”,多接形容词(以辅音字母开头,且非 p/b/m 开头)。例词:incorrect(adj. 不正确的):in- + correct(正确的)→ 不正确的6. im-含义:表示 “不、非”,多接以 p/b/m 开头的形容词(因发音方便,in - 在 p/b/m 前变为 im-)。例词:impossible(adj. 不可能的):im- + possible(可能的)→ 不可能的improper(adj. 不适当的):im- + proper(适当的)→ 不适当的第 11 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理二、need 的用法:实义动词与情态动词辨析用法类型 基本结构 否定形式 人称变化 课文例句don't/doesn't need 有(随主语 We need to get enough sleep实义动词 need to do sth.to do sth. 变) every day.(接名词)need don't/doesn't need 有(随主语 They don't need candy or junk实义动词sth. sth. 变) food to grow.need do sth.(多用 You needn't stay up. You need to情态动词 needn't do sth. 无(不变)于否定/疑问) take care of yourself.Kangkang needn't do the work情态动词 无(不变) today. He can hand it intomorrow.用法区分小技巧看结构:实义动词后接 “to + 动词原形”(如 need to study),情态动词后直接接动词原形(如need study,但多在否定句中用,如 needn't study)。看否定:实义动词否定用 “don't/doesn't + need to do”(如 He doesn't need to go);情态动词否定直接用 “needn't + 动词原形”(如 He needn't go)。看人称:主语是第三人称单数时,实义动词要加 s(如 She needs to run);情态动词不变(如She needn't run)。课文语境记用法说 “需要做某事” 用实义动词:比如 “需要早睡”→ need to go to bed early(课文 “stay away fromphone games, go to bed early” 场景)。说 “不必做某事” 用情态动词:比如 “不必熬夜”→ needn't stay up(课文 “You needn't stay up”就是劝人别熬夜的表达)。简单记:有 “to” 的是实义动词,没 “to” 的(否定句里)是情态动词,简单好区分~第 12 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理写作精讲谈论身心健康1. 话题分析本单元写作围绕 “健康生活方式” 展开,紧扣新课标 2022 版 “人与自我” 主题语境下的“健康管理” 子话题,通过写作引导学生梳理 “健康饮食、运动习惯、心态调节” 等核心内容,既要求描述个人或他人的健康生活方式,也需体现 “对比差异、提出建议” 的逻辑思维,符合中考写作 “实用性 + 思辨性” 的双重要求。2. 写作内容基础任务:对比个人与他人(如朋友、家人)的健康生活方式,完成 “生活习惯对比表”(含运动类型、饮食偏好等维度)。进阶任务:基于对比表撰写短文,阐述 “如何保持健康”,需涵盖 “健康习惯描述、差异对比、健康生活的意义” 三部分。3. 写作要点1. 内容要点明确描述 “健康生活方式” 的具体维度:运动(如 running, playing soccer)、饮食(如 fruit,vegetables)、作息(如 enough sleep)、心态(如 staying positive);运用 “对比” 思维:通过 “both(共同)”“on the other hand(差异)” 等表达区分不同人的生活习惯;体现 “健康意义”:点明健康生活方式对身体(stay strong)、心理(feel happy)的积极影响。2. 形式要点结构:需包含“开头引入 — 主体分述 — 结尾总结”的完整框架,段落清晰(建议 3-4 段);字数:符合初中单元写作要求(80-100 词),中考适配 100 词左右;语法:准确运用本单元核心语法(need to do/needn’t do、否定前缀 un-/im - 等)。4. 写作思路提示思路一:“个人与他人” 对比式第一步:确定对比对象(如“我”和朋友),列出两人运动、饮食、作息的异同;第二步:开头总述 “我们都关注健康,但习惯不同”;第三步:主体分别描述 “我的习惯”“朋友的习惯”,用 “while/however” 体现差异;第四步:结尾总结 “不同习惯都能带来健康,关键是坚持”。2. 思路二:“问题与建议” 建议式第一步:指出常见不健康习惯(如 spend too much time on screens, eat junk food);第 13 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理第二步:针对问题提出具体建议(need to do exercise, don’t need to eat candy);第三步:结尾鼓励大家养成健康习惯,强调 “健康对学习和生活的重要性”。5. 写作步骤详解步骤 1:审题与列提纲明确写作任务:是 “对比生活方式” 还是 “提出健康建议”;列简单提纲(以对比式为例):开头:I have a friend named... We both keep healthy but have different habits.主体 1:My habits: run every morning, eat apples/bananas, sleep at 9:30.主体 2:My friend’s habits: swim on weekends, like carrots/cucumbers, get up early.结尾:Our habits help us stay fit. We often share healthy tips with each other.步骤 2:填充细节给“习惯”添加具体信息:如运动频率(every morning/on weekends)、饮食偏好(favorite fruitis...);加入连接词:用 “First, Also” 描述个人习惯,用 “However, Unlike me” 引出朋友习惯。步骤 3:撰写初稿按提纲完成短文,优先使用教材原句和核心词汇(如 stay active, balanced diet);步骤 4:修改完善检查语法:是否正确使用 need to do(I need to run every day.)、否定前缀(unhealthy junk food);检查逻辑:对比关系是否清晰,是否有 “健康意义” 的表述;检查拼写:确保 illnesses(fever, stomachache)、sports(soccer, swimming)等话题词汇拼写正确。步骤 5:誊写定稿(2 分钟)保持卷面整洁,注意标点(逗号、句号)和大小写规范。6. 词汇指导类别 常用词汇(必背)疾病 fever(发烧)、stomachache(肚子疼)、sore throat(嗓子疼)、headache(头疼)running(跑步)、soccer(足球)、swimming(游泳)、basketball(篮球)、exercise运动(锻炼)fruit(水果)、vegetables(蔬菜)、apples/bananas(苹果 / 香蕉)、carrots/cucumbers饮食(胡萝卜 / 黄瓜)、junk food(垃圾食品)enough sleep(充足睡眠)、stay positive(保持积极)、stay active(保持活跃)、balanced作息与心态diet(均衡饮食)第 14 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理need to do(需要做)、needn’t do(不必做)、should(应该)、keep away from(远建议类离)7. 句型指导1. 开头引入句型I’m... I have a... We both live healthy lifestyles but have different habits.(我是…… 我有一个……我们都过着健康的生活方式,但习惯不同。)In my opinion, keeping healthy is important for students. Here are my ways to stay fit.(在我看来,保持健康对学生很重要。以下是我保持健康的方法。)2. 主体描述句型对比类(教材核心):I enjoy... On the other hand, my friend prefers...(我喜欢…… 另一方面,我的朋友更喜欢……)We both... But he/she often... while I...(我们都…… 但他 / 她经常…… 而我……)建议类(适配中考):To keep healthy, we need to do exercise every day.(为了保持健康,我们需要每天做运动。)We needn’t eat too much junk food because it is unhealthy.(我们不必吃太多垃圾食品,因为它不健康。)3. 结尾总结句型Our lifestyles help us stay strong and feel happy. We will keep these good habits.(我们的生活方式帮助我们保持强壮、感到快乐。我们会坚持这些好习惯。)Keeping healthy is not difficult. If we follow these tips, we will have a sound body and mind.(保持健康并不难。如果我们遵循这些建议,我们会拥有健康的身心。)8. 例文I’m Lucy. I have an elder sister, Lily. We both care about our health but have different daily habits.I love morning exercise—every day I run for 15 minutes in the park. It helps me stay active in class.I also like eating fruit, especially apples. To keep healthy, I need to go to bed before 10 p.m. and needn’teat too much junk food like hamburgers. On the other hand, Lily prefers swimming on weekends. Herfavorite food is vegetables, such as carrots and cucumbers. She says a balanced diet keeps her bodystrong.Our different habits both bring us good health. Keeping healthy makes our life happier, and we oftenshare our healthy tips with each other!译文:我叫露西,有一个姐姐叫莉莉。我们都很关注健康,但日常习惯却不一样。第 15 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理我喜欢晨练 —— 每天都会在公园跑 15 分钟,这能让我在课堂上保持活力。我还喜欢吃水果,尤其是苹果。为了保持健康,我需要在晚上 10 点前睡觉,也不必吃太多汉堡这类垃圾食品。另一方面,莉莉更喜欢周末去游泳。她最喜欢的食物是蔬菜,比如胡萝卜和黄瓜。她说均衡饮食能让她的身体保持强壮。我们不同的习惯都给我们带来了健康的身体。保持健康让我们的生活更快乐,我们也经常互相分享健康小技巧!9. 实战演练学校将举办 “健康生活,快乐成长”主题演讲活动,要求八年级学生分享自己对健康生活方式的理解。请你根据该主题,写一篇 80-100 词的演讲稿。内容需包含:1. 你认为健康生活方式包含哪些重要部分(至少 2 个方面);2. 结合自身经历,分享 1 个你坚持的健康习惯及收获;3. 用 1 句话呼吁同学们一起践行健康生活。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第 16 页 共 17 页微信公众号:瑾言教育资料库Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 知识梳理【答案】例文Dear classmates,Good morning! Today, I want to talk about healthy lifestyles. In my view, it includes regularexercise and a balanced diet—these are key to keeping fit.I have a healthy habit: I run for 20 minutes every morning. It helps me stay active and focused inclass. To live healthily, we need to do exercise every day, and we needn’t stay up late playing phonegames. Also, eating more fruit and vegetables is important.Healthy lifestyles make us strong and happy. Let’s start today to live healthily together!Thank you!【详解】[总体分析]①演讲稿,适配题目中 “学校‘健康生活,快乐成长’主题演讲活动” 的场景要求,格式含开头问候(“Dear classmates, Good morning!”)、结尾致谢(“Thank you!”),语言口语化且有号召力。②时态:以一般现在时为主,贴合 “描述常态观点、习惯及建议” 的语境 —— 如阐述健康生活的组成(“itincludes regular exercise”)、自身长期习惯(“I run for 20 minutes every morning”)、通用建议(“weneed to do exercise every day”),符合八年级英语对 “常态场景时态运用” 的考查要求。[写作步骤]1. 开头引入:问候听众 + 点明演讲主题(“I want to talk about healthy lifestyles”),快速切入核心;2. 主体分述:先说明健康生活的关键部分(“regular exercise and a balanced diet”),再结合自身经历分享健康习惯及收获(“run for 20 minutes every morning... stay active and focused”),最后给出简单建议(“need to do exercise... needn’t stay up late”);3. 结尾呼吁:总结健康生活的意义 + 发出行动号召(“Let’s start today to live healthily together!”),收束全文。[高分句型]1. 观点表达句:“In my view, it includes regular exercise and a balanced diet—these are key to keepingfit.”(,清晰传递观点);2. 语法运用句:“To live healthily, we need to do exercise every day, and we needn’t stay up late playingphone games.”(准确使用本单元核心语法 “need to do/needn’t do”,符合命题要求);3. 呼吁句:“Healthy lifestyles make us strong and happy. Let’s start today to live healthily together!”(简洁有力,呼应演讲 “号召力” 需求)。第 17 页 共 17 页yyUnit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 核心知识一、核心词汇(黑体部分为重点词汇)英语单词 音标 词性 中文意思Preparing for the Topiccough /k f/;/k f/ n. 咳嗽fever / fi v (r)/ n. 发烧sore /s (r)/ adj. (发炎) 疼痛的;酸痛的throat /θr t/ n. 咽喉;喉咙headache / hedeIk/ n. 头痛toothache / tu θeIk/ n. 牙痛stomachache / st m keIk/ n. 胃痛temperature / tempr t (r)/ n. 体温;温度medicine / medsn/ n. 药,药物junk food n. 垃圾食品slim /slIm/ adj. 苗条的diet / daI t/ n. 日常饮食screen /skri n/ n. 屏幕;荧屏sugar / g (r)/ n. 糖;食糖ache /eIk/ n. (身体某部位的) 疼痛examine /Ig z mIn/ v. 检查,检验hamburger / h mb g (r)/ n. 汉堡包chip /t Ip/ n. 炸薯条fried /fraId/ adj. 油炸的pork /p k/ n. 猪肉pepper / pep (r)/ n. 胡椒粉iced /aIst/ adj. 冰镇的Coke /k k/ n. 可乐pill /pIl/ n. 药丸;药片Exploring the Topicoutgoing / a t g I / adj. 外向的;爱交际的shy / aI/ adj. 羞怯的;腼腆的snack /sn k/ n. 点心;小吃chocolate / t kl t/ n. 巧克力第 1 页 共 8 页yyUnit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 核心知识英语单词 音标 词性 中文意思cookie / k ki/ n. 曲奇饼ice cream / aIskri m/ n. 冰激凌cream /kri m/ n. 奶油jogging / d gI / n. 慢跑锻炼lazy / leIzi/ adj. 懒惰的;懒散的condition /k n dI n/ n. 健康状况;状态uncomfortable / n k mft bl/ adj. 使人不舒服的diary / daI ri/ n. 日记;日记簿positive / p z tIv/ adj. 积极乐观的;积极的benefit / benIfIt/ n. 益处;优势mood /mu d/ n. 心情;情绪volleyball / v lib l/ n. 排球运动energy / en d i/ n. 精力;能量glad /gl d/ adj. 高兴;愉快confident / k nfId nt/ adj. 自信的;有把握的absent / bs nt/ adj. 缺席;不在moment / m m nt/ n. 片刻;瞬间oneself /w n self/ pron. 自己;亲自seem /si m/ v. 好像,似乎unhealthy / n helθi/ adj. 不健康的empty / empti/ adj. 空的;无意义的stomach / st m k/ n. 胃living / lIvI / n.;adj. 生活方式;生活的;活着的nonsense / n nsns/ n. 胡扯;胡言乱语improper /Im pr p (r)/ adj. 不正确的;不适当的clearly / klI li/;/ klIrli/ adv. 明显地;清楚地sleepy / sli pi/ adj. 困倦的;瞌睡的worse /w s/;/w rs/ adj. 更差的;更糟的rid /rId/ v. 摆脱fridge /frId / n. 冰箱weight /weIt/ n. 重量第 2 页 共 8 页yyUnit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 核心知识英语单词 音标 词性 中文意思Developing the Topicpotato /p teIt / n. 马铃薯;土豆corn /k n/ n. 玉米;谷物candy / k ndi/ n. 糖果;一块糖biscuit / bIskIt/ n. 饼干beef /bi f/ n. 牛肉cucumber / kju k mb (r)/ n. 黄瓜lifestyle / laIfstaIl/ n. 生活方式;工作方式prefer /prI f (r)/ v. 较喜欢;喜欢…… 多于……bean /bi n/ n. 豆;豆荚though / / conj. 虽然;尽管Wrapping Up the Topicmethod / meθ d/ n. 方法;办法focus / f k s/ v.;n. 集中 (注意力等); 中心点;关注smell /smel/ n. 气味;嗅觉mostly / m stli/ adv. 通常;主要地sauce /s s/ n. 调味汁;酱serve /s v/;/s rv/ v. 端上;服务hobby / h bi/ n. 业余爱好hurry / h ri/ n.;v. 匆忙;急忙;匆忙 (做某事)mad /m d/ adj. 很生气;气愤fit /fIt/ adj. 健壮的;健康的physical / fIzIkl/ adj. 身体的balanced / b l nst/ adj. 保持 (或显示) 平衡的runner / r n (r)/ n. 奔跑的人 (或动物)spread /spred/ v.;n. 蔓延;扩散二、核心短语英语短语 中文意思take one's temperature 量体温lose one's voice 失声;嗓子哑stay up late 熬夜第 3 页 共 8 页yyUnit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 核心知识英语短语 中文意思have a fever 发烧stay/keep away from 远离......make a poster 制作海报take an active part in 积极参与not ... at all 一点也不;根本不take some pills 服药in one's opinion 在某人看来had better 最好look pale 看起来苍白for one thing 一来;一方面for another 另一方面a good way to do sth. 做某事的好方法do some exercise 做运动right away 立刻;马上in many ways 在很多方面according to 根据step by step 逐步地keep a diary 写日志in a good mood 心情愉快communicate with sb. 与某人交流make sure to do sth. 确保做某事such as 例如face...alone 独自面对come across 偶然发现 (某物);偶然遇见 (某人)live a happy life 过幸福的生活get through 度过 (难关、困境等);通过by chance 偶然;巧合be absent from 缺席be bad for 对...... 有害what's worse 更糟糕的是get rid of 摆脱第 4 页 共 8 页yyUnit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 核心知识英语短语 中文意思lose weight 减肥take care of 照顾hand in 上交worry about 担心a balanced diet 均衡饮食on the other hand 另一方面stay strong 保持强壮focus on 专注于take up 开始从事 (某项活动);占用 (时间、空间等)stay/keep fit 保持健康plenty of 大量grow up 成长main food 主食no matter 无论三、重点句型1. I have a fever. (我发烧了。)2. I have a bad cough. (我咳得很厉害。)3. He has a sore throat. (他喉咙痛。)4. What’s wrong with you (你怎么了?)5. You need to see a doctor. (你需要看医生。)6. I’m sorry to hear that. (听到这个消息我很难过。)7. I feel very sick and have a stomachache. (我感到很不舒服,胃也疼。)8. You ate too much junk food. (你吃了太多垃圾食品。)9. He spends too much time on phone games. (他在手机游戏上花了太多时间。)10. She wants to be slim. (她想变苗条。)11. Take an active part in doing sports. (积极参加体育运动。)12. Spend too much time on the screen. (在屏幕前花费太多时间。)13. Doing exercise is good for us in many ways. (锻炼在许多方面对我们有益。)14. Jogging is good for our legs and hearts. (慢跑对我们的腿和心脏有益。)15. You need to start slowly with a warm-up. (你需要从热身开始慢慢来。)16. Staying positive has amazing benefits. (保持积极心态有惊人的益处。)第 5 页 共 8 页yyUnit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 核心知识17. I can study and work better in a good mood. (心情好时我能更好地学习和工作。)18. Being positive can bring us a lot of benefits. (保持积极能给我们带来许多好处。)19. We can become more confident. (我们能变得更自信。)20. Talking to ourselves is a useful way. (与自己对话是个有用的方法。)21. It is impossible to keep healthy without good habits. (没有好习惯不可能保持健康。)22. Don’t eat too much junk food, or you will feel uncomfortable. (别吃太多垃圾食品,否则你会不舒服。)23. She dislikes ice cream because it’s bad for her teeth. (她不喜欢冰淇淋,因为对牙齿不好。)24. You needn’t stay up late. (你不必熬夜。)25. We need to get enough sleep every day. (我们每天需要充足睡眠。)26. You don’t need to worry about your grades. (你不需要担心成绩。)27. Fruit and vegetables are healthy. (水果和蔬菜是健康的。)28. Chocolate and candy are bad for your teeth. (巧克力和糖果对牙齿有害。)29. We both like to play sports and eat good food. (我们都喜欢运动和吃健康食品。)30. Kids need to do physical activity every day. (孩子们需要每天进行体育活动。)31. Parkrun welcomes everyone, no matter how fast or slow they are. (公园跑欢迎所有人,无论速度快慢。)四、核心语法否定前缀及构词规律(non-, dis-, un-, mis-, in-, im-)否定前缀(non-, dis-, un-, mis-, in-, im-)通常附着在动词、名词或形容词前,构成与原词意义相反的新词,核心是表达 “不、非、无、错误” 等否定含义。前缀详解及例词:1. non-含义:表示 “非、无、不”,多接名词或动名词。例词:nonsmoker(n. 不吸烟者):non- + smoker(吸烟者)→ 不吸烟的人nonsense(n. 胡扯):non- + sense(道理)→ 没有道理的话nonstop(adj. 不停的):non- + stop(停止)→ 不停止的2. dis-含义:表示 “不、相反、否定”,多接动词。例词:disagree(v. 不同意):dis- + agree(同意)→ 不同意dislike(v. 不喜欢):dis- + like(喜欢)→ 不喜欢第 6 页 共 8 页yyUnit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 核心知识3. un-含义:表示 “不、未”,多接形容词或动词。例词:unhealthy(adj. 不健康的):un- + healthy(健康的)→ 不健康的uncomfortable(adj. 不舒服的):un- + comfortable(舒服的)→ 不舒服的4. mis-含义:表示 “错误、不当”,多接动词。例词:misplace(v. 放错):mis- + place(放置)→ 错误地放置5. in-含义:表示 “不、非”,多接形容词(以辅音字母开头,且非 p/b/m 开头)。例词:incorrect(adj. 不正确的):in- + correct(正确的)→ 不正确的6. im-含义:表示 “不、非”,多接以 p/b/m 开头的形容词(因发音方便,in - 在 p/b/m 前变为 im-)。例词:impossible(adj. 不可能的):im- + possible(可能的)→ 不可能的improper(adj. 不适当的):im- + proper(适当的)→ 不适当的need 的用法:实义动词与情态动词辨析用法类型 基本结构 否定形式 人称变化 课文例句don't/doesn't need 有(随主语 We need to get enough sleep实义动词 need to do sth.to do sth. 变) every day.(接名词)need don't/doesn't need 有(随主语 They don't need candy or junk实义动词sth. sth. 变) food to grow.need do sth.(多用 You needn't stay up. You need to情态动词 needn't do sth. 无(不变)于否定/疑问) take care of yourself.Kangkang needn't do the work情态动词 无(不变) today. He can hand it intomorrow.用法区分小技巧看结构:实义动词后接 “to + 动词原形”(如 need to study),情态动词后直接接动词原形(如need study,但多在否定句中用,如 needn't study)。看否定:实义动词否定用 “don't/doesn't + need to do”(如 He doesn't need to go);情态动词否定直接用 “needn't + 动词原形”(如 He needn't go)。看人称:主语是第三人称单数时,实义动词要加 s(如 She needs to run);情态动词不变(如She needn't run)。第 7 页 共 8 页yyUnit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind 核心知识课文语境记用法说 “需要做某事” 用实义动词:比如 “需要早睡”→ need to go to bed early(课文 “stay away fromphone games, go to bed early” 场景)。说 “不必做某事” 用情态动词:比如 “不必熬夜”→ needn't stay up(课文 “You needn't stay up”就是劝人别熬夜的表达)。简单记:有 “to” 的是实义动词,没 “to” 的(否定句里)是情态动词,简单好区分~第 8 页 共 8 页 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Unit 3(核心知识).pdf Unit 3(知识梳理).pdf