资源简介 Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单元核心知识(默写版)一、词性转换1. ______________ [ s st m] n. 体系;制度;系统→______________ adj. 系统的→______________ adv. 系统地2. ______________ [r f (r)] vi. & vt. 提到;参考;查阅;查询;叫……求助于→______________ n. 参考;查阅3. ______________ [be s] vt. 以……为据点;以……为基础 n. 底部;根据→______________ adj. 以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的→______________ adj. 基本的;基础的4. ______________ [v ra ti] n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→______________ vi. 不同;变化→______________ adj. 不同的;各种各样的5. ______________ [ pri ie t] vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi. 增值→______________ n. 欣赏;感激;领会;重视6. ______________ [r ɡɑ d] n. 尊重;关注 vt. 把……视为;看待→______________ prep. 关于7. ______________ [ ɡl bl] adj. 全球的;全世界的→______________ adv. 全球地;全世界地8. ______________ [sp s f k] adj. 特定的;明确的;具体的→______________ adv. 特定地;明确地;具体地9. ______________ [ me d (r)] adj. 主要的;重要的;大的 n. 主修课程;主修学生 vi. 主修;专门研究→______________ n. 多数;大多数10. ______________ [r le t] vt. 联系;讲述→______________ adj. 相关的;有联系的→______________ n.关系;联系11. ______________ [ s mbl] n. 符号;象征→______________ adj. 象征的;象征性的→______________ vt.象征;是……的象征12. ______________ [ s v la ze n] n. 文明;文明世界→______________ adj. 文明的13. ______________ [ i kw l] n. 同等的人;相等物 adj. 相同的;同样的→______________ adv. 相同地;同样地→______________ n. 平等14. ______________ [d mɑ nd] n. 要求;需求 vt. 强烈要求;需要 vi. 查问→______________ adj. 要求高的;苛求的15. ______________ [d skr p n] n. 描写(文字);形容→______________ vt. 描述;描写二、核心单词单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配billion [ b lj n] n. 十亿 billions of 数十亿的native [ ne t v] adj. & n. 本地的 n. 本地人 native language 母语;be native to 原产于单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配attitude [英 t tju d; n. 态度;看法 attitude to/towards美 t tu d] 对……的态度system [ s st m] n. 体系;制度;系统 writing system 书写体系despite [d spa t] prep. 即使;尽管 despite the fact that 尽管事实是……factor [ f kt (r)] n. 因素;要素 a key factor in ……中的关键因素means [mi nz] n. 方式;方法;途径 a means of 一种……方式; by this means 用这种方法classic [ kl s k] adj. & n. 传统的;最优秀的;典型的 n. classic literature 古典文经典作品;名著 学regard [r ɡɑ d] n. & vt. 尊重;关注 vt. 把……视为;看 regard...as... 把 …… 看待 作……character [ k r kt (r)] n. 文字;符号;角色;品质;特点 Chinese characters 汉字calligraphy [k l ɡr fi] n. 书法;书法艺术 Chinese calligraphy 中国书法affair [ fe (r)] n. 公共事务;事件;关系 public affairs 公共事务struggle [ str ɡl] n. & vi. 斗争;奋斗;搏斗 struggle for 为 …… 奋斗 ; struggle with与……斗争gas [ɡ s] n. 汽油;气体;燃气 gas station 加油站petrol [ petr l] n. (英式英语;美式英语用 gas) petrol station 加油站汽油subway [ s bwe ] n. ( 美 式 英 语 ; 英 式 英 语 用 take the subway 乘地铁underground)地铁apartment [ pɑ tm nt] n. (尤其美式英语)公寓套房gap [ɡ p] n. 间隔;开口;差距单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配vocabulary [ 英 n. 词汇v k bj l ri;美v k bj leri]三、重点短语1. ____________ 注意2. ____________ 既不……也不……3. ____________ 追溯到4. ____________ 不再5. ____________ 在……中发挥重要作用6. ____________ 谈到;指的是;查阅7. ____________ 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱8. ____________ 观点;看法9. ____________ 在……方面有困难10. ____________ 与……相关;涉及11. ____________ 查词典12. ____________ 称……为……13. ____________ 以……为基础14. ____________ 各种各样的15. ____________ 非常重要16. ____________ ……的原因是……17. ____________ 满足某人的要求四、重点句型1. 句型:______________________________结构分析:______________________________教材原句:__________ many reasons why this has been possible.中文:……有许多原因。2. 句型:______________________________结构分析:______________________________教材原句:______________________________ people were divided geographically.中文:那是一个……的时期。3. 句型:______________________________结构分析:______________________________教 材 原 句 : Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country______________________________ in one direction.中文:……在那里开始……。4. 句型:______________________________结构分析:______________________________教材原句:Written Chinese has also become an important means ______________________________.中文:……是……的一种重要方式。五、核心语法限制性定语从句(二):关系副词与“介词 + 关系代词”:一、学习目标:能用 when, where, why 以及“介词 + which/whom”引导定语从句,并能区分关系代词和关系副词。二、关系副词的功能:关系副词在从句中作状语,不能作主语或宾语。1. when:修饰表示时间的先行词,在从句中作时间状语。例:It was a time when people were divided geographically.when 常可转换为 in/on/at which。2. where:修饰表示地点或抽象地点的先行词,在从句中作地点状语。例:This is the place where the language developed.where 常可转换为 in/at/on which。3. why:修饰 reason,在从句中作原因状语。例:There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.why 常可转换为 for which。三、关系副词和关系代词的区别:如果从句缺主语或宾语,用关系代词 that/which/who/whom。如果从句主干完整,只缺时间、地点或原因状语,用关系副词 when/where/why。对比:This is the city that I visited last year. visited 缺宾语,所以用 that/which。对比:This is the city where I lived last year. lived 不缺宾语,where 作地点状语。四、“介词 + 关系代词”:结构:介词 + which(指物)/ whom(指人)。例:Written Chinese has become a means by which China's present is connected with its past.例:The person to whom I spoke is my teacher.注意:介词提前时不能用 that,也不能用 who 代替 whom。五、reason 的用法:1. the reason why... 表示“……的原因”,why 在从句中作原因状语。例:That is the reason why I want to learn Chinese.2. the reason that/which... 中 that/which 在从句中作主语或宾语。例:The reason that he gave sounds reasonable. that 作 gave 的宾语。3. 表语从句中常用 The reason why...is that...;表达“原因是……”时,表语从句通常用 that 引导,避免用because 引导。六、where 的抽象地点用法:where 不只修饰具体地点,也可修饰 situation, case, point, stage 等抽象地点名词。例:We have reached a point where we must make a decision.例:There are cases where this rule does not work.七、更多例句:1. I still remember the day when I first tried Chinese calligraphy.2. The school where I study has many language clubs.3. This is the reason why written Chinese has survived for so long.4. The book in which I found the answer is on the desk.5. The girl with whom I practised pronunciation speaks Chinese well.八、判断步骤:1. 找先行词,判断它表示人、物、时间、地点还是原因。2. 分析定语从句是否缺主语、宾语或定语;如果缺这些成分,用关系代词。3. 如果从句主干完整,只缺时间、地点或原因状语,再考虑 when, where, why。4. 如果关系词前有介词,指物用 which,指人用 whom。九、学习提醒:选择关系词时,不能只看中文意思,要把先行词代回从句中判断成分。Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单元核心知识(背诵版)一、词性转换1. system [ s st m] n. 体系;制度;系统→systematic adj. 系统的→systematically adv. 系统地2. refer [r f (r)] vi. & vt. 提到;参考;查阅;查询;叫……求助于→reference n. 参考;查阅3. base [be s] vt. 以……为据点;以……为基础 n. 底部;根据→based adj. 以(某事)为基础的;以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basic adj. 基本的;基础的4. variety [v ra ti] n. (植物、语言等的)变体;异体;多样化→vary vi. 不同;变化→various adj. 不同的;各种各样的5. appreciate [ pri ie t] vt. 欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 欣赏;感激;领会;重视6. regard [r ɡɑ d] n. 尊重;关注 vt. 把……视为;看待→regarding prep. 关于7. global [ ɡl bl] adj. 全球的;全世界的→globally adv. 全球地;全世界地8. specific [sp s f k] adj. 特定的;明确的;具体的→specifically adv. 特定地;明确地;具体地9. major [ me d (r)] adj. 主要的;重要的;大的 n. 主修课程;主修学生 vi. 主修;专门研究→majorityn. 多数;大多数【辨析】major 作形容词表示“主要的”,作名词表示“主修课程/专业;主修学生”。10. relate [r le t] vt. 联系;讲述→related adj. 相关的;有联系的→relation n. 关系;联系11. symbol [ s mbl] n. 符号;象征→symbolic adj. 象征的;象征性的→symbolise vt. 象征;是……的象征12. civilisation [ s v la ze n] n. 文明;文明世界→civilised adj. 文明的13. equal [ i kw l] n. 同等的人;相等物 adj. 相同的;同样的→equally adv. 相同地;同样地→equality n.平等14. demand [d mɑ nd] n. 要求;需求 vt. 强烈要求;需要 vi. 查问→demanding adj. 要求高的;苛求的15. description [d skr p n] n. 描写(文字);形容→describe vt. 描述;描写二、核心单词单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配billion [ b lj n] n. 十亿 billions of 数十亿的native [ ne t v] adj. & n. 本地的 n. 本地人 native language 母语;be native to 原产于attitude [英 t tju d; n. 态度;看法 attitude to/towards美 t tu d] 对……的态度system [ s st m] n. 体系;制度;系统 writing system 书写体系despite [d spa t] prep. 即使;尽管 despite the fact that 尽管事实是……单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配factor [ f kt (r)] n. 因素;要素 a key factor in ……中的关键因素means [mi nz] n. 方式;方法;途径 a means of 一种……方式; by this means 用这种方法【提醒】means 单复数同形,a means of 表示“一种……方式”。classic [ kl s k] adj. & n. 传统的;最优秀的;典型的 n. classic literature 古典文经典作品;名著 学regard [r ɡɑ d] n. & vt. 尊重;关注 vt. 把……视为;看 regard...as... 把 …… 看待 作……【辨析】regard A as B =view A as B = considerA (to be) B,表示“把 A看作 B”。character [ k r kt (r)] n. 文字;符号;角色;品质;特点 Chinese characters 汉字calligraphy [k l ɡr fi] n. 书法;书法艺术 Chinese calligraphy 中国书法affair [ fe (r)] n. 公共事务;事件;关系 public affairs 公共事务struggle [ str ɡl] n. & vi. 斗争;奋斗;搏斗 struggle for 为 …… 奋斗 ; struggle with与……斗争gas [ɡ s] n. 汽油;气体;燃气 gas station 加油站petrol [ petr l] n. (英式英语;美式英语用 gas) petrol station 加油站汽油subway [ s bwe ] n. ( 美 式 英 语 ; 英 式 英 语 用 take the subway 乘地铁underground)地铁apartment [ pɑ tm nt] n. (尤其美式英语)公寓套房gap [ɡ p] n. 间隔;开口;差距单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配vocabulary [ 英 n. 词汇v k bj l ri;美v k bj leri]三、重点短语1. pay attention to 注意2. neither ... nor ... 既不……也不……3. date back to / date from 追溯到【易错】date back to = date from,常用一般现在时,无被动语态。4. no longer 不再5. play a great role in 在……中发挥重要作用6. refer to 谈到;指的是;查阅【辨析】refer to 可表示“指的是;提到;查阅”,翻译时要看上下文。7. ups and downs 浮沉;兴衰;荣辱8. point of view 观点;看法9. have problems/trouble with 在……方面有困难10. relate to 与……相关;涉及11. refer to a dictionary 查词典12. refer to ... as ... 称……为……13. be based on 以……为基础【易错】be based on 表示“以……为基础”,base...on... 表示“把……建立在……基础上”。14. a variety of 各种各样的15. be of great importance 非常重要16. the reason why ... is that ... ……的原因是……17. meet/satisfy one's demands 满足某人的要求四、重点句型1. 句型:There are many reasons why...结构分析:why 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 reasons,why 在从句中作原因状语,可理解为 for which。教材原句:There are many reasons why this has been possible.句型仿写:There are many reasons why students should learn another language.中文:……有许多原因。2. 句型:It was a time when...结构分析:when 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 time,when 在从句中作时间状语。教材原句:It was a time when people were divided geographically.句型仿写:It was a time when Chinese characters began to develop quickly.中文:那是一个……的时期。3. 句型:...where...began to...结构分析:where 引导定语从句,修饰地点类先行词 country,where 在从句中作地点状语。教材原句:Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinesewriting system began to develop in one direction.句型仿写:We visited a museum where we began to understand Chinese calligraphy.中文:……在那里开始……。4. 句型:...a means by which...结构分析:介词 + which 引导定语从句:by which 修饰 means,表示“通过这种方式”。教材原句:Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with itspast.句型仿写:English is a useful means by which we can learn about the world.中文:……是……的一种重要方式。五、核心语法限制性定语从句(二):关系副词与“介词 + 关系代词”:一、学习目标:能用 when, where, why 以及“介词 + which/whom”引导定语从句,并能区分关系代词和关系副词。二、关系副词的功能:关系副词在从句中作状语,不能作主语或宾语。1. when:修饰表示时间的先行词,在从句中作时间状语。例:It was a time when people were divided geographically.when 常可转换为 in/on/at which。2. where:修饰表示地点或抽象地点的先行词,在从句中作地点状语。例:This is the place where the language developed.where 常可转换为 in/at/on which。3. why:修饰 reason,在从句中作原因状语。例:There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language.why 常可转换为 for which。三、关系副词和关系代词的区别:如果从句缺主语或宾语,用关系代词 that/which/who/whom。如果从句主干完整,只缺时间、地点或原因状语,用关系副词 when/where/why。对比:This is the city that I visited last year. visited 缺宾语,所以用 that/which。对比:This is the city where I lived last year. lived 不缺宾语,where 作地点状语。四、“介词 + 关系代词”:结构:介词 + which(指物)/ whom(指人)。例:Written Chinese has become a means by which China's present is connected with its past.例:The person to whom I spoke is my teacher.注意:介词提前时不能用 that,也不能用 who 代替 whom。五、reason 的用法:1. the reason why... 表示“……的原因”,why 在从句中作原因状语。例:That is the reason why I want to learn Chinese.2. the reason that/which... 中 that/which 在从句中作主语或宾语。例:The reason that he gave sounds reasonable. that 作 gave 的宾语。3. 表语从句中常用 The reason why...is that...;表达“原因是……”时,表语从句通常用 that 引导,避免用because 引导。六、where 的抽象地点用法:where 不只修饰具体地点,也可修饰 situation, case, point, stage 等抽象地点名词。例:We have reached a point where we must make a decision.例:There are cases where this rule does not work.七、更多例句:1. I still remember the day when I first tried Chinese calligraphy.2. The school where I study has many language clubs.3. This is the reason why written Chinese has survived for so long.4. The book in which I found the answer is on the desk.5. The girl with whom I practised pronunciation speaks Chinese well.八、判断步骤:1. 找先行词,判断它表示人、物、时间、地点还是原因。2. 分析定语从句是否缺主语、宾语或定语;如果缺这些成分,用关系代词。3. 如果从句主干完整,只缺时间、地点或原因状语,再考虑 when, where, why。4. 如果关系词前有介词,指物用 which,指人用 whom。九、学习提醒:选择关系词时,不能只看中文意思,要把先行词代回从句中判断成分。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 2027版Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单元核心知识(背诵版).pdf 2027版Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单元核心知识(默写版).pdf