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How can we have a good memory
Section B 2a-2c
Unit Four
Our Memory
Learning Objectives
Students can master affix word formation and use key vocabulary properly in context.
01
Students can summarize word-building rules and infer word forms based on context.
02
Students can learn about animal memory and develop interest in nature and independent learning.
03
act
Lead in
active
积极的；活跃的
Lead in
actor
演员
Lead in
action
行动
Lead in
Wow, just with several
small word parts, we get so many words. Let’s move on !
Lead in
Use affixes to create as many new words as possible. Use your dictionary.
2a
Exercise
react
re-
-ion
-ive
action
active
actor
-or
act
react
作出反应
Exercise
re-
-ion
-ive
-or
前缀 prefix
后缀 suffixes
Learn
forgetful
-ful
-able
-ness
un-
forgettable
forgetfulness
unforgettable
forget
Let’s learn these
words together !
Exercise
忘记
forget
v. 忘记
1. forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事
2. forget doing sth. 忘记曾经做过某事
3. forget about sth. 忘掉某事
4. forget oneself 失态；忘乎所以；失去自控
Learn
-ful
-able
-ness
un-
形容词后缀
否定前缀
名词后缀
forgetful
adj. 健忘的
forgettable
adj. 容易被忘记的
forgetfulness
n. 健忘；记性差
unforgettable
adj. 令人难忘的；刻骨铭心的
Learn
forgettable
forgetfulness
unforgettable
双重词缀叠加
Step1：词根+后缀
forget + -able = forgettable
Step2：前缀叠加在新词前面
un- + forgettable = unforgettable
Learn
effective
-ive
-ly
-ness
effect
effectively
effectiveness
effect
n. 效果、影响、结果
例：The medicine has a good effect on sleep.
这种药对睡眠有好的效果。
1. have an effect on / upon sth对……产生影响/效果
2. take effect 生效、起作用、见效
Exercise
-ive
-ly
形容词后缀
副词后缀
effective
effectively
effectiveness
adj. 有效的
adv. 有效地
n. 有效性
Learn
Can you list more affixes
dis -否定
dislike 不喜欢disagree 不同意
in-/im-/ir-/il- 否定
impossible 不可能irregular 不规则illegal 非法
incorrect 错误
pre - 在……之前
preview 预习
predict 预测
mis -错误
mistake 错误misunderstand 误解
over -过度
overwork 过度工作overeat 暴食
Learn
- er 人/物
teacher 教师
worker 工人computer 电脑
- ment 行为、结果
agreement 同意movement 运动
- ship 关系、状态
friendship 友谊relationship 关系
- dom 领域、状态
freedom 自由kingdom 王国
Learn
- ous 充满
…性质
dangerous 危险的famous 著名的
- y 充满…，多…
rainy 下雨的
cloudy 多云的
- less 无……的
careless 粗心的hopeless 无望的
-ize / -ise
使……；变成
realize 意识到organize 组织
Tips：
前缀变词义，后缀变词性
多个词缀可叠加
先加后缀再加前缀
Learn
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words from the word cloud.
2b
The customer _______ badly to the price increase.
Starting over is not easy, but it is necessary in my ______.
His memory technique is simple but ________.
The man has lost a lot of blood. He is ______ to die of wounds
if not treated at once.
Our hotel is in a great _________ near the central mall.
I can’t recall which notebook I wrote your email ________ in.
Exercise
address
n. 地址
home address 家庭住址
email address 电子邮箱地址
mailing address 邮寄地址
address book 通讯录
例：What's your home address
你的家庭住址是什么？
Learn
likely
1. sb./sth. be likely to do sth.
某人/某物很可能做某事（侧重根据表面迹象判断的可能性）
例：He is likely to come. 他很可能来。
2. it is likely that... 很可能……
例：It is likely that she will be late. 她可能会迟到。
3. it is likely for sb. to do sth. 对某人而言，做某事是可能的
例：It is likely for him to pass the exam. 他通过考试是可能的。
adj. 很可能的、有希望的
Learn
react
v. 作出反应；回应
reaction n. 反应
搭配：
react to sth 对某事作出反应
react against sth 反抗某事
例：How did he react when you told him the truth
你告诉他真相时，他有什么反应？
Learn
position
n. 位置；地方 v. 安置；使处于
搭配：
词形变化：positions 复数
搭配：
in a position to do sth 有能力做某事position sth in/on sth 将某物放置在某处
Learn
case
n. 情况；情形
in case 以防；万一；假使
in that case / in this case 既然那样
in case of 如果发生；万一遇到
in any case 无论如何；不管怎样
in the case of 至于；就……而言
Learn
effective
adj. 有效的、生效的、实际的、给人印象深刻的
例：An effective method is needed.
需要一种有效的方法。
例：The new law will become effective next month.
新法律将于下个月生效。
Learn
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words from the word cloud.
2b
The customer __________ badly to the price increase.
Starting over is not easy, but it is necessary in my ______.
His memory technique is simple but ___________.
The man has lost a lot of blood. He is ______ to die of wounds
if not treated at once.
Our hotel is in a great _________ near the central mall.
I can’t recall which notebook I wrote your email __________ in.
reacted
case
effective
likely
position
address
react to 对...作出反应
就我而言
地理位置优越
很可能做某事
写下某人的电子邮箱地址
Exercise
Well done with the
sentences. Next, let’s work
with the article.
go through
经历；度过
Learn
run out
用光；耗尽
Learn
happen to
碰巧；赶巧
Learn
keep in mind
牢记
Learn
I ’m a cute squirrel，Do you think I can remember where I hide my nuts
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the phrases in the box. Which animal impressed you the most
2c
go through run out happen to keep in mind
Research shows that many animals have good long-term memories. They _____________ where food can be found and where it is safe.For example, when squirrels _______ of food, they go straight to the place where they hid nuts. Every autumn, wild geese fly thousands of kilometres south for the winter.
Humans do not know for sure what ______________ their minds during the journey, but wild geese seldom get lost. A similar situation ___________ dolphins. They can recognize voices of other dolphins—even when they have not met each other for a long time.
keep in mind
run out
goes through
happens to
长期记忆
储藏坚果
大雁
在旅途中
迷路
Exercise
Research shows that many animals have good long-term memories. They _____________ where food can be found and where it is safe.For example, when squirrels _______ of food, they go straight to the place where they hid nuts. Every autumn, wild geese fly thousands of kilometres south for the winter.
Humans do not know for sure what ______________ their minds during the journey, but wild geese seldom get lost. A similar situation ___________ dolphins. They can recognize voices of other dolphins—even when they have not met each other for a long time.
keep in mind
run out
goes through
happens to
Which animals
with good memories are mentioned in the passage
Reading
Research shows that many animals have good long-term memories. They _____________ where food can be found and where it is safe.For example, when squirrels _______ of food, they go straight to the place where they hid nuts. Every autumn, wild geese fly thousands of kilometres south for the winter.
Humans do not know for sure what ______________ their minds during the journey, but wild geese seldom get lost. A similar situation ___________ dolphins. They can recognize voices of other dolphins—even when they have not met each other for a long time.
keep in mind
run out
goes through
happens to
What do squirrels
do when they run out of food
Why do wild geese
seldom get lost during
the long journey
Reading
Learn
What can dolphins do even after a long time without meeting
Research shows that many animals have good long-term memories. They _____________ where food can be found and where it is safe.For example, when squirrels _______ of food, they go straight to the place where they hid nuts. Every autumn, wild geese fly thousands of kilometres south for the winter.
Humans do not know for sure what ______________ their minds during the journey, but wild geese seldom get lost. A similar situation ___________ dolphins. They can recognize voices of other dolphins—even when they have not met each other for a long time.
keep in mind
run out
goes through
happens to
Reading
Review
What main idea does
the passage tell us
Many animals have good long-term memories.
What can we learn from
these animals
Animals have wonderful memories.
We should observe and respect nature and all animals.
Thinking
Do you know any other animals with good memories What are they
Learn
乌鸦 Crow
乌鸦是鸟类中的记忆大师。它们不仅能记住食物的藏匿地点，甚至还能记住人类的面孔。研究表明，乌鸦可以区分对它们友好或有威胁的人类，并将这种记忆保留多年。它们还会使用和制作工具，展现了惊人的认知和记忆能力。
章鱼 Octopus
章鱼拥有无脊椎动物中最复杂的大脑，其记忆力也令人惊叹。它们能快速学习并记住如何解决迷宫问题，甚至能记住捕捉它们的人类的样貌。章鱼还会使用工具，比如用椰子壳作为庇护所，这需要强大的空间记忆和规划能力。
Learn
黑猩猩 Chimpanzee
黑猩猩拥有优秀长期记忆，能记住同伴身份、食物分布位置，还可以记住复杂符号，拥有很强情景记忆能力。
Learn
鹦鹉 Parrot
鹦鹉拥有优秀听觉记忆，长久记住声音、语言；能识别同伴与主人，拥有持久的识别记忆。
Learn
海狮 Sea lion
海狮的长期记忆十分突出，
经过训练的技能可以保持十几年，能够分辨不同同伴的声音信号。
狗 Dog
狗狗可以记住主人、熟悉的路线；长期分辨人的情绪，拥有持久的情感记忆。
Learn
Memories live in all creatures
respect belongs to every life !
create
v. 创造、创作、创建、造成
核心变形：create → created（过去式）
名词：creation n. 创作；作品
搭配：
create nice pictures 画出好看的图画
create new stories 创作新故事
Language points
例：
1. I created a short story after I read many books.（时间状语从句）
读完很多书之后，我创作了一篇小故事。
2.he created fun games so all classmates loved them.（结果状语从句）
她设计了有趣的小游戏，全班同学都很喜欢。
Language points
create
create vs. make
create 创造以前不存在的事物或独具特色的创作
例：create a story 创作故事
make 为普通用词，侧重制作、制造或产生
例：make a cake 做蛋糕
Language points
create
adj. 可能的、可行的、合理的
1. as ... as possible 尽可能……地
2. as soon as possible 尽快
3. if possible 如果可能的话
4. make it possible 使……成为可能
5. anything is possible / nothing is impossible
一切皆有可能 / 没有什么是不可能的
Language points
possible
n. 顾客、客户、主顾
n. custom 习俗、风俗、习惯
例：The store is full of customers. 店里挤满了顾客。
She is a regular customer of this coffee shop.
她是这家咖啡店的常客。
Language points
customer
v. 增加、增长、提高
例：The teacher increased the students' confidence.
老师提高了学生们的信心。
例：The population is increasing rapidly. 人口正在迅速增长。
Language points
increase
n. 增加量、增长、提高
1. an increase in... 在……方面的增加/增长
例：There is a sharp increase in population. 人口有大幅增长。
2. an increase of... 增加了…… 具体数量/幅度
例：There was an increase of 20% this year. 今年增加了20%。
Language points
increase
1. increase by... 增加了……具体数量/幅度，强调净增长的量。
2. increase to... 增加/增长到…… 最终数值，强调增长后的最终状态。
例：The number increased to 1000. 数量增加到了1000。
3. increase with... 随……而增长
例：Her interest in English increased with her age.
她对英语的兴趣随着年龄的增长而增加。
Language points
increase
adj. 必要的、必需的、必然的
1. It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是必要的。
2. It is necessary that sb. (should) do sth. 做某事是必要的。
3. be necessary for sth./sb. 对某事/某人来说是必要的，强调与对象的关联。
4. be necessary to do sth. 有必要做某事
Language points
necessary
立刻、马上 = immediately / right away
用法：在句中作时间状语，修饰动词，通常放在句末或句首，语气比 “right now” 更急促，强调动作的即时发生。
例：Come here at once! 马上过来！
When people are in need of help, he will appear at once.
当人们需要帮助时，他马上就会出现。
Language points
at once
v. 回忆、回想起
1. recall sth. 回忆某事
2. recall doing sth. 回忆起做过某事
3. recall sb. to sth. 唤起某人的……
4. recall sb./sth. 召回/收回某人或某物
Language points
recall
adj. 长期的、长远的
1. long-term plan（长期计划）
例：We need to make a long-term plan for our study.
我们需要为学习制定一个长期计划。
2. long-term memory（长期记忆 / 长时记忆）
例：Good sleep is good for long-term memory.
良好的睡眠对长时记忆有益。
Language points
long-term
v. 隐藏、躲藏、隐瞒
hide - hid - hidden
1. hide ... from ... 向……隐瞒…… / 把……藏起来不让……看见
2. hide and seek 捉迷藏
3. hide out 躲藏
4. hide away 把……藏起来
Language points
hide
v. 认出、辨认出
1. be recognized as... 被公认为/被承认是...
2. recognize...by... 通过...认出...
3. fail to recognize... 未能认出/未能意识到...
4. it is recognized that... 人们公认/普遍认为...
Language points
recognize
n. 血
a drop of blood 一滴血
blood group/type 血型
give blood 献血
例：He lost a lot of blood during the operation. 他在手术中失血很多。
Language points
blood
n. 伤口；创伤 v.使受伤
例：He was treated in hospital for leg wounds.
他因腿部受伤在医院接受了治疗。
That was a wound to his pride. 那是对他自尊心的伤害。
wounded adj.(身体)受伤的;负伤的 the wounded 伤员;伤兵
Language points
wound
v. 使受伤
例：Many soldiers were wounded in the battle.
这场战役中有许多士兵受伤。
He had been wounded in the arm.
他的手臂受过伤。
Language points
wound
adj. 野生的；自然生长的
in the wild 在野外
例：Every day I go for a long walk and take photos of the wild flowers.
我每天都会出去散步很久，并拍摄野花照片。
wildly adv. (身体)失控地；激动地
Language points
wild
很长时间、很久
例：I have lived in this city for a long time.
我在这个城市住了很多年。
例：It took me a long time to finish the work.
完成这项工作花了我很长时间。
Language points
for a long time
Homework
Must-do 必做
1. Recite the language points.
2.Finish the exercise on the workbook.
Choose-to-do 选做
Search for an interesting story about animals’ memories. Retell the story in English in the next class.
Thanks for listening！

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