资源简介

(共31张PPT)
Unit 3
Smart Learning
Section A 4a-4c
让教学更有效
Learning Objectives
To master the structure of object clauses and the usage of conjunctions that, if and whether; learn that that can be omitted and master the fixed collocation whether…or not.
To learn about Hua Luogeng’s story of self-study against hardships and appreciate his academic qualities: overcoming difficulties, learning step by step and active exploration.
To induce grammar rules from examples, tell apart the usage of that and if/whether, and reflect on real active learning with Hua Luogeng’s story.
To master grammar learning strategies of observation and induction; use object clauses to communicate learning thoughts and develop active learning awareness.
I believe (that) reading is important for learning.
I think (that) the best way is to do maths problems.
Peter finds (that) he can connect physics with something in real life.
I wonder if / whether you could help me.
I want to know if / whether you read English books outside class.
Look at this learning reflection(心得体会) card. What are the features(特点)
of these sentences
Read the sentences. Circle the connecting words and underline the object clauses.
Read and Circle
4a
I believe (that) reading is important for learning.
I think (that) the best way is to do maths problems.
Peter finds (that) he can connect physics with something in real life.
I wonder if / whether you could help me.
I want to know if / whether you read English books outside class.
What are object clauses
When do we use that / if / whether
Look and Learn
宾语从句(object clauses)
一、定义
在复合句中，放在动词、介词后面，充当宾语的完整句子，就叫宾语从句。
eg: I believe that I can win the game. (宾语从句)
二、结构
主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句（主语 + 谓语 + …）
连接宾语从句的引导词有that, if, whether, 宾语从句为陈述语序(主语在前，谓语在后)。
I don’t know if/whether he will come.
主句
引导词
宾语从句
Look and Learn
三、引导词：
1、that引导的宾语从句（陈述句变宾语从句）
结构：主句 + that + 宾从(肯定句、否定句)
that 无词义，不充当句子成分，经常省略。
eg: I believe (that) reading is(not) important for learning.
主句
引导词
宾语从句(肯/否定句)
通常用来陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表确定，非疑问。
常用主句动词有：think, believe, find, say, hope等。
eg: We find/hope (that) we can learn a lot from reading.我们发现可以从阅读中学到很多。
He says (that) he will finish his homework on time. 他说他会按时完成作业。
Look and Learn
2、if / whether引导的宾语从句（一般疑问句变宾语从句）
whether与if通常可以互换,常跟在ask, know, find out, wonder, decide, see, doubt, unsure, uncertain等之后引导宾语从句，引出两个或两个以上的可能性之一；
whether/if意为 “是否”，不能省略。
结构：主句动词 + if/whether + 陈述句语序句子(主语在前，谓语在后)
eg: I wonder if/wether you could help me. 我想知道你是否可以帮帮我。
She asks if/whether we can finish the task. 她问我们是否能完成这项任务。
I want to know if/whether you like reading books. 我想知道你是否喜欢读书。
注：有 “or not” 时, 只能用 whether, 不能用 if。
eg: I want to know whether you will join us or not. 我想知道你是否会加入我们。
Look and Learn
whether和if的使用区别
I don’t know whether or not he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。
如果or not放在whether所引导的从句句尾，可用if 替换。
I don’t know whether/if he will come or not. 我不知道他会不会来。
1、当whether后紧跟or not时，不用if.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心我是否伤害了她的感情。
He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus.
他问我是想坐火车还是乘公交车去那里。
3、在强调任意选择时，用whether…or，此时不用 if替换whether。
2、介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.
Look and Learn
Whether he will come I am not sure. 他会不会来，我不确定。
4、whether/if引导宾语从句时，为了强调宾语部分，可把从句放在句首，此时只用
whether不用if。
5、句子中有if 引导的条件句，如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句，用whether不用if。
He asked me whether I’d move to New York if I got the job.
他问我，如果得到这份工作，我是否会搬到纽约去。
6、如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用if不用 whether。
I don’t know if it won't rain tomorrow.
7、容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示“是否”。
Please let me know if you need help. 如果你需要帮助请告诉我。
Please let me know whether you need help. 请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
Look and Choose
单项选择题。
1. I think ____ he will come to the party tomorrow.
A. if B. whether C. that
2. Could you tell me ____ or not he will come
A. if B. whether C. that
3. I’m thinking about ____ I should accept the gift.
A. whether B. if C. that
4. I wonder ____ he will choose the red one or the blue one.
A. that B. if C. whether
5. He didn’t tell me ____ he would join us.
A. that B. if / whether C. what
Look and Complete
Complete the sentences with that or whether / if.
4b
Jim doesn’t know ________ he can take part in the research project or not.
My parents think ______ they need to be stricter about my studies.
Ms Gao understands _____ some students need more time to improve.
Terry wonders ___________ it will be easy to study courses on AI.
Could you tell me ___________ this sentence is correct in English
whether
that
that
if / whether
if / whether
Look and Learn
宾语从句的时态
主现从随意
若主句为一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据从句表达的实际意义需要来确定。
Danny says that he will learn English.
Do you know where he came from
Please tell me how I can get to the bus station.
一般现在时
一般现在时
一般现在时
一般将来时
一般过去时
一般现在时
Look and Practice
一般现在时→一般过去时
现在进行时→过去进行时
一般将来时→过去将来时
现在完成时→过去完成时
一般过去时→过去完成时
若主句为一般过去时，宾语从句通常使用与过去
相关的时态。
主过从随过
原句：He likes English. I knew. → I knew (that) he liked English.
原句：She is reading. He said.→ He said (that) she was reading.
原句：Tom will come. She told me.→ She told me (that) Tom would come.
原句：I have finished the work. He said.→ He said (that) he had finished the work.
原句：Did Lily leave She didn’t know. →She didn’t know if / whether Lily had left.
Look and Practice
客观真理永不变
若宾语从句描述客观真理、永恒事实，不管
主句是什么时态，从句仍用一般现在时。
1. The science teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
2. My mother said to me that light travels faster than sound.
科学老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
我的妈妈对我说光比声音传播的更快。
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般现在时
Look and Practice
判断正误(T/F)。
1. He says that he will visit his grandma tomorrow. ( ) ________________
2. She says that she lives in Beijing two years ago. ( ) ________________
3. The teacher told us that the moon goes around the earth. ( ) ________________
4. I didn’t know that he will come to the party. ( ) ________________
5. Do you know where he bought this pen ( ) ________________
6. He told me he has finished his homework. ( ) ________________
7. They said they are watching TV at that time. ( ) ________________
T
F
lives→lived
T
F
will→would
T
F
has→had
F
are→were
Look and Practice
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。
原一般疑问句：Does she get up early (I wonder…)
I wonder if / whether she gets up early.
主
谓
原一般疑问句：Will your parents join us (He asked…)
He asked if / whether my parents would join us.
主
谓
Look and Practice
补全句子。
1、我认为记笔记有助于我们学习历史。
2、我想知道阅读对学好英语是否有益。
3、李老师告诉我们坚持练习能够提高英语口语。
4、你知道我们是否可以通过看英文电影学习单词吗？
5、我确信小组合作能让数学学习更轻松。
I think _____________________________________________.
(that) keeping practicing can improve our spoken English
if / whether we can learn words by watching English movies
(that) working in groups can make math learning easier
(that) taking notes helps us learn English
I want to know _____________________________________________.
if / whether reading is good for learning English well
Mr Li tells us __________________________________________________.
Do you know __________________________________________________
I am sure __________________________________________________.
Everyone has his own ideas and ways of learning. Today I’d like to introduce a good learner to you. Do you know who he is
Watch and Say
Who is he
Do you want to know more about Hua Luogeng
Read and Complete
A. by studying maths books B. He suggested that
C. He wondered whether D. learning had many challenges
E. It is hard to believe
Complete the passage with the correct sentence parts.
4c
As a youth, Hua Luogeng left high school to support his family. However, he loved maths and did not want to give up. ________ there was a way to continue learning. Finally, he decided to teach himself _________. Hua Luogeng later introduced a reading and learning method to young learners. _________ learners should read and take notes very carefully, then summarize the key points. He once said, “A book starts heavy and thick but becomes thinner as you understand it better.” As an active learner, Hua Luogeng stayed positive no matter what difficulties he met in his life and studies. _________ that such a talent also failed exams in school, but that was true for him. He said that _________ and it was important to take things step by step.
/s d est/v. 建议
/ meθ d/n. 方法
/ s m ra z/v. 总结
suggestion/s d est n/
n. 建议（可数名词）
C
A
B
E
D
Think and Say
1. What does the sentence "A book starts heavy and thick, but becomes thinner as
you understand it better." mean
It means that when we study and understand the knowledge in the book, the difficult parts become easier. We can master the little by little, so the book feels thinner./...
2. Hua Luogeng stayed positive no matter what difficulties he met. What learning
attitude can we learn from him
We can learn that we should stay positive and never give up when facing difficulties in our study. No matter what problems we meet, we should keep trying and continue learning./...
Think and Write
Think and write your learning reflection on the "Learning Voice Board".
Learning Voice Board
I think /believe (that)…
I wonder if/whether…
I am sure that…
Discuss and Share
4c
Refer to your methods on the "Learning Voice Board" and discuss whether you’d like to try the suggested learning method.
I think that taking notes can help us learn English well. Would you like to try this method
...
Yes. I wonder whether it will
save my study time. I’d like
to have a try.
Great! I believe that it can make our study easier.
I think that I can improve my English by taking notes.
I believe that I can learn math by do more exercises.
I am sure that I will learn history well by watching learning apps.
...
Look and Learn
Language Points
1. He wondered whether there was a way to continue learning.
他想知道是否有一种可以继续学习的方法。
a way to do sth意为“做某事的方法”。eg: She thinks of a way to learn math well.
continue doing sth. 继续做(原来)那件事。
eg: He continued writing English stories.（一直在写，没有停）
continue to do sth. 继续做某事(停下去做另一件事)
eg: He continued to write after dinner.（吃完饭，开始去写）
2. He suggested that learners should read and take notes very carefully, then summarize
the key points.
他建议学习者应当非常认真地阅读、记笔记，然后总结要点。
suggest 表“建议”时，宾语从句要用虚拟语气：(should) + 动词原形
summarize the key points意为“总结要点”。eg: She thinks of a way to learn math well.
Look and Practice
单项选择题。
1. He wondered ______ there was a way to continue learning.
A. that B. whether C. what
2. He suggested that learners ______ read and take notes very carefully.
A. should B. will C. must
3. I believe ______ Hua Luogeng never gave up when he met difficulties.
A. if B. whether C. that
4. —Could you tell me ______ —By reading and summarizing key points.
A. how can I learn better B. how I can learn better C. what can I learn
5. He said that learning ______ many challenges.
A. have B. has C. had
Look and Practice
翻译句子。
1、我认为记笔记有助于我们学习。
2、他想知道他是否可以继续学习。
3、李老师建议我们总结要点。
4、我相信华罗庚是一名积极的学习者。
5、我想知道这个学习方法是否有用。
I think that taking notes helps us study.
I believe that Hua Luogeng was an active learner.
The teacher suggests that we (should) summarize the key points.
He wondered whether he could continue learning.
I wonder if/whether this learning method is helpful.
Summary
Teacher’s words
Don’t let your ______ control you. Try to calm down.
Hua Luogeng’s story tells us that learning has many challenges. As active learners, we don’t need to hurry. We should take things step by step, think carefully and keep trying.
Homework
Basic(必做)
整理本课宾语从句笔记，熟记 that /if/whether 用法。
Improving(必做)
在学习心声卡上仿写2 句 that 从句，2 句 if/whether 从句，写下你的学习感悟。
Extend(选做)
小组合作，用宾语从句创编一段对话，讨论如何做一名 active learner，下节课课堂展示。
Thank
you!
让教学更有效

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