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人教版（2019）必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元回顾
I. 知识点回顾
一、词性变形
1. disaster n．灾难；灾害 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.灾难性的；损失惨重的
2. earthquake n．地震 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．地震；颤抖
3. flood n．洪水 vt.& vi.淹没；泛滥 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．水灾；泛滥
4. drought n．旱灾；久旱 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.干燥的；干旱的
5. landslide n．滑坡；山崩 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ v．滑动；滑落 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．陆地；土地
6. tsunami n．海啸 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.潮汐的；潮水的
7. hurricane n．飓风 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．台风
8. volcano n．火山 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.火山的；猛烈的
9. erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．爆发；喷发
10. rescue vt.& n．营救；救援 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．救援人员；营救者
11. shelter n．避难处；居所 vt.保护；掩蔽 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.受庇护的；掩蔽的
12. damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.被损坏的
13. destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．破坏；毁灭 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.破坏性的
14. survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．幸存者 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．生存；幸存
15. injure vt.使受伤；损害 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．损伤；伤害 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.受伤的
16. affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．影响；结果 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.有效的
17. shock n．震惊；休克 vt.使震惊 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.(人)震惊的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.令人震惊的
18. emergency n．紧急情况；突发事件 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.紧急的；突现的
19. evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n．疏散；撤离
20. trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.被困的
21. bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.被埋葬的；被掩埋的
22. sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ （过去式/过去分词）
二、重点短语
1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 严重受损；破败不堪
2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 震惊；吃惊
3. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 掘出；发现
4. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 搭建；举起；张贴
5. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 建立；创办；搭建
6. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 被困在……中
7. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 结束
8. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 躲避……
9. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 受……影响
10. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 像往常一样
11. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 马上；立即
12. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 在户外；在露天
13. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 大量的；许多
14. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 平静下来；镇定下来
15. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 执行；实施
16. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 埋头于；专心于
17. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 清除；扫除
18. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 因为；由于
19. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 结束；终止
20. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ……的数量
三、重点句型
【规则】强调句型 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他，用以突出句子的某一成分（主语、宾语、状语等）；被强调成分指人时可用 who，其余用 that。
【例句】＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ was the earthquake that destroyed the whole city. 正是那场地震摧毁了整座城市。
【规则】as if / as though 引导方式状语从句，意为「好像；仿佛」，从句常用虚拟语气（过去时/过去完成时）表示与事实相反。
【例句】He looked at his ruined house as if he ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (see) a terrible dream. 他看着被毁的房屋，仿佛看到了一场噩梦。
【规则】There is no doubt that... 意为「毫无疑问……」，that 引导同位语从句，说明 doubt 的内容。
【例句】There is no doubt ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ the rescue teams saved many lives. 毫无疑问，救援队挽救了许多生命。
【规则】现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然、顺理成章的结果；常置于句末。
【例句】The tsunami swept away thousands of houses, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (leave) many people homeless. 海啸冲走了成千上万的房屋，使许多人无家可归。
II. 牛刀小试
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1. The earthquake was one of the most ______(disaster) events in the city's history.
2. Thousands of people lost their homes in the terrible ______(flood).
3. The scientists warned that the volcano might ______(eruption) at any time.
4. The ______(rescue) worked day and night to save the people trapped in the ruins.
5. Many ______(survive) were found alive under the fallen buildings three days later.
6. His ______(injure) were serious, but he was lucky to be alive.
7. The government took ______(effect) measures to help the affected areas.
8. We were deeply ______(shock) by the news of the terrible tsunami.
9. During the ______(evacuate), everyone left the building in an orderly way.
10. The old man was ______(trap) in the burning house for nearly an hour.
11. The whole village was completely ______(destroy) by the landslide.
12. Different kinds of ______(damage) buildings could be seen everywhere after the quake.
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. ______(hear) the news, the whole city went into a state of shock.
2. The boy ______(bury) in his book didn't notice the earthquake at first.
3. ______(trap) in the ruins, the little girl cried for help.
4. The flood ______(sweep) away everything in its path last summer.
5. It was the soldiers ______(who) rescued the injured people.
6. ______(face) with such a disaster, the villagers never lost hope.
7. There is no doubt that the rescue team ______(save) many lives so far.
8. The house ______(destroy) in the earthquake is being rebuilt now.
9. ______(damage) by the hurricane, the bridge was closed to traffic.
10. The government is trying ______(evacuate) the people from the flooded area.
三、单元语法：定语从句（关系代词 that/which/who/whom/whose）
（一）用适当的关系代词填空
1. The man ______ saved the child from the ruins is a firefighter.
2. The city ______ was hit by the earthquake has been rebuilt.
3. The book ______ I borrowed from the library is about natural disasters.
4. The girl ______ hair was blown by the wind lost her home.
5. This is the hero ______ the reporters are interviewing.
6. The volunteers ______ came to help were from all over the country.
7. The house ______ windows were broken is being repaired.
8. I still remember the day ______ I spent in the shelter.
9. The people ______ were rescued were sent to safe places.
10. The earthquake ______ happened at night killed many people.
（二）判断关系代词能否省略，或判断用 which 还是 that
1. The news (that / which / 可省略) ______ he told us was shocking.
2. This is the best film (that / which) ______ I have ever seen.
3. The boy (who / whom / 可省略) ______ we met is a survivor.
4. Everything (that / which) ______ he said about the quake was true.
5. The house (that / which / 可省略) ______ we visited was in ruins.
6. She is the only person (that / who) ______ can help us.
7. The city (that / which) ______ lies in the south was flooded.
8. The teacher (who / whom / 可省略) ______ we all respect is from Sichuan.
（三）语篇语法填空（用适当的关系代词填空）
The city 1.______ was hit by the earthquake is now a place 2.______ attracts many visitors. The people 3.______ survived the disaster have rebuilt their homes. A hero 4.______ name is Wang Ping saved twenty children 5.______ were trapped under the ruins. The story 6.______ he told us touched everyone. Everything 7.______ was done helped the survivors a lot. The volunteers 8.______ came from all over the country worked day and night. This is the spirit 9.______ the whole nation should learn from. Those 10.______ helped others will never be forgotten.
四、课文语法填空
At 3:42 a.m., everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world 1.______(be) at an end. One of the most deadly 2.______(earthquake) of the 20th century had begun. In less than one minute, a large city lay 3.______ ruins. Two-thirds of the people 4.______ lived there were dead or 5.______(injure). Thousands of children were left 6.______(without) parents. The number of people 7.______ were killed was over 240,000. But all hope was not lost. Soldiers came to help, 8.______(rescue) those who were trapped. Slowly, the city began to 9.______ (breath) again and people began to build a new home. The survivors 10.______ (be) determined to rebuild their beautiful city.
Book1 Unit 4 参考答案
I. 知识点回顾
一、词性变形
1. disaster n．灾难；灾害 → disastrous adj.灾难性的；损失惨重的
2. earthquake n．地震 → quake n．地震；颤抖
3. flood n．洪水 vt.& vi.淹没；泛滥 → flooding n．水灾；泛滥
4. drought n．旱灾；久旱 → dry adj.干燥的；干旱的
5. landslide n．滑坡；山崩 → slide v．滑动；滑落 → land n．陆地；土地
6. tsunami n．海啸 → tidal adj.潮汐的；潮水的
7. hurricane n．飓风 → typhoon n．台风
8. volcano n．火山 → volcanic adj.火山的；猛烈的
9. erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发 → eruption n．爆发；喷发
10. rescue vt.& n．营救；救援 → rescuer n．救援人员；营救者
11. shelter n．避难处；居所 vt.保护；掩蔽 → sheltered adj.受庇护的；掩蔽的
12. damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失 → damaged adj.被损坏的
13. destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭 → destruction n．破坏；毁灭 → destructive adj.破坏性的
14. survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过 → survivor n．幸存者 → survival n．生存；幸存
15. injure vt.使受伤；损害 → injury n．损伤；伤害 → injured adj.受伤的
16. affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 → effect n．影响；结果 → effective adj.有效的
17. shock n．震惊；休克 vt.使震惊 → shocked adj.(人)震惊的 → shocking adj.令人震惊的
18. emergency n．紧急情况；突发事件 → emergent adj.紧急的；突现的
19. evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离 → evacuation n．疏散；撤离
20. trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱 → trapped adj.被困的
21. bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 → buried adj.被埋葬的；被掩埋的
22. sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫 → swept （过去式/过去分词）
二、重点短语
1. in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
2. in shock 震惊；吃惊
3. dig out 掘出；发现
4. put up 搭建；举起；张贴
5. set up 建立；创办；搭建
6. be trapped in 被困在……中
7. come to an end 结束
8. take shelter from 躲避……
9. be affected by 受……影响
10. as usual 像往常一样
11. right away 马上；立即
12. in the open air 在户外；在露天
13. a great number of 大量的；许多
14. calm down 平静下来；镇定下来
15. carry out 执行；实施
16. be buried in 埋头于；专心于
17. sweep away 清除；扫除
18. because of 因为；由于
19. be at an end 结束；终止
20. the number of ……的数量
三、重点句型
【规则】强调句型 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他，用以突出句子的某一成分（主语、宾语、状语等）；被强调成分指人时可用 who，其余用 that。
【例句】It was the earthquake that destroyed the whole city. 正是那场地震摧毁了整座城市。
【规则】as if / as though 引导方式状语从句，意为「好像；仿佛」，从句常用虚拟语气（过去时/过去完成时）表示与事实相反。
【例句】He looked at his ruined house as if he had seen (see) a terrible dream. 他看着被毁的房屋，仿佛看到了一场噩梦。
【规则】There is no doubt that... 意为「毫无疑问……」，that 引导同位语从句，说明 doubt 的内容。
【例句】There is no doubt that the rescue teams saved many lives. 毫无疑问，救援队挽救了许多生命。
【规则】现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然、顺理成章的结果；常置于句末。
【例句】The tsunami swept away thousands of houses, leaving (leave) many people homeless. 海啸冲走了成千上万的房屋，使许多人无家可归。
II. 牛刀小试
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.disastrous 2.flooding 3.erupt 4.rescuers 5.survivors 6.injuries 7.effective 8.shocked 9.evacuation 10.trapped 11.destroyed 12.damaged
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Hearing 2.buried 3.Trapped 4.swept 5.who/that 6.Faced 7.has saved 8.destroyed 9.Damaged 10.to evacuate
三、单元语法：定语从句（关系代词）
（一）用适当的关系代词填空
1.who/that 2.that/which 3.that/which 4.whose 5.whom/who/that 6.who/that 7.whose 8.that/which 9.who/that 10.that/which
（二）判断关系代词能否省略或 which/that
1.that/which（可省略） 2.that 3.who/whom（可省略） 4.that 5.that/which（可省略） 6.that 7.that/which 8.who/whom（可省略）
（三）语篇语法填空
1.that/which 2.that/which 3.who/that 4.whose 5.who/that 6.that/which 7.that 8.who/that 9.that/which 10.who
四、课文语法填空
1.was 2.earthquakes 3.in 4.who/that 5.injured 6.without 7.who/that 8.rescuing 9.breathe 10.were

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