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人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元回顾
I. 知识点回顾
一、词性变形
1. achieve v.实现；达到 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.成就；达到
2. physiology n.生理学 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.生理的；生理学的
3. commit v.承诺；全力以赴 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.承诺；投入 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
4. academy n.研究院；学会 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.学业的；学术的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.在学术上
5. botany n.植物学 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.植物学的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.植物学家
6. evaluate v.评估；评价 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.评估；评价
7. distinct adj.清晰的；不同的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.差别；卓越 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.明显地
8. extract v.提取；提炼 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.提取；摘录
9. acknowledge v.承认；答谢 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.承认；感谢
10. analyse v.分析 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.分析 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.分析的
11. apparent adj.显而易见的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.显然；看来
12. substance n.物质；实质 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.大量的；实质性的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.大量地；大幅度地
13. insist v.坚决要求；坚持 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.坚持 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.坚持的
14. publish v.出版；发表 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.出版；出版物
15. intelligence n.智力；才智 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.有才智的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.聪明地
16. gentle adj.温和的；轻柔的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.温和地 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.温柔；和缓
17. politics n.政治 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.政治的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.政治家
18. curious adj.好奇的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.好奇心 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.好奇地
19. vital adj.至关重要的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.活力；生命力
20. defeat v.击败；战胜 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.失败；击败
二、重点短语
1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 致力于；全力以赴做某事
2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 掌权；上台
3. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 磨损；损耗
4. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 总结；概括
5. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 导致；通向
6. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 对……至关重要
7. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 坚持要求；一定要
8. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 献身于；专心致志于
9. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 除……之外（还）
10. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 突出；出色；引人注目
11. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 得出结论
12. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 提出（观点、建议等）
13. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 各种各样的
14. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 以……为基础；根据
15. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 对……做出巨大贡献
16. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 有史以来
17. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 在……领域
18. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 被授予……荣誉称号；被誉为
19. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 试验；检验
20. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 有时；偶尔
三、重点句型
1.【规则】非限制性定语从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开，对先行词起补充说明作用，关系词不能用 that：指人用 who/whom/whose，指物用 which；先行词为时间、地点时分别用 when、where。
【例句】Tu Youyou, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ discovered artemisinin, has saved millions of lives. 发现了青蒿素的屠呦呦拯救了数百万人的生命。
2.【规则】which 和 as 都可以指代整个主句：which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后；as 引导的从句位置灵活，可位于主句之前、之后或中间，常用于 as is known to all、as was expected、as is often the case 等结构。
【例句】＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ is known to all, Qian Xuesen made great contributions to China's space programme. 众所周知，钱学森为中国的航天事业做出了巨大贡献。
3.【规则】“介词 + which/whom” 可引导非限制性定语从句：介词的选择取决于先行词的习惯搭配或从句中动词（短语）的搭配；指物用 which，指人用 whom，且介词不可省略。
【例句】Marie Curie, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ whom two Nobel Prizes were awarded, devoted her whole life to scientific research. 玛丽·居里曾两次被授予诺贝尔奖，她把一生都献给了科学研究。
4.【规则】commit oneself to do sth 意为“承诺／决心做某事”，其中 to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形；be committed to (doing) sth 意为“坚定地致力于”，其中 to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
【例句】The young researchers ______(commit) themselves to find a cure for the deadly disease. 这些年轻的研究人员决心找到治愈这种致命疾病的方法。
II. 牛刀小试
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1. Winning the Nobel Prize is a great ______(achieve) in the history of Chinese science.
2. Tu Youyou remained ______(commit) to medical research even in her eighties.
3. Einstein was one of the most ______(intelligence) scientists of all time.
4. ______(curious) is the key quality that drives scientists to explore the unknown.
5. His choice of the low-temperature extraction was ______(apparent) a wise one.
6. The discovery of artemisinin made a ______(substance) difference to the treatment of malaria.
7. The old professor spoke ______(gentle) to the students who had failed the exam.
8. Before we draw a conclusion, we should make a careful ______(evaluate) of the data.
9. The scientist received a medal in ______(acknowledge) of his great contributions.
10. She is ______(academy) excellent, but she needs to improve her communication skills.
11. Can you tell me the ______(distinct) between these two similar words
12. After a detailed ______(analyse) of the results, the team put forward a new theory.
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Tu Youyou ______(award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.
2. By the age of thirty, Einstein ______(publish) several important papers.
3. Look! The workers ______(install) new equipment in the laboratory.
4. The new drug ______(test) out on animals before it was used on humans.
5. The coach insisted that the training plan ______(be) carried out at once.
6. The scientists ______(analyse) the mysterious substance in the lab at the moment.
7. A variety of useful substances ______(extract) from the plant so far.
8. Qian Xuesen devoted himself to ______(study) rocket science after returning to China.
9. When ______(ask) about the secret of her success, Tu Youyou mentioned hard work.
10. It is vital that every student ______(know) the safety rules in the laboratory.
三、单元语法：非限制性定语从句
（一）用适当的关系词填空（which/who/whom/whose/where/when/as）
1. Tu Youyou, ______ is a retired researcher, devoted herself to the fight against malaria.
2. Artemisinin is a vital medicine, ______ has saved millions of lives worldwide.
3. Marie Curie, ______ husband was also a famous scientist, won two Nobel Prizes.
4. I will never forget the day ______ Tu Youyou received the Nobel Prize.
5. This is the research centre ______ the precious substance was first extracted.
6. ______ is often the case, great scientists work with great patience.
7. Qian Xuesen, ______ the whole nation respects deeply, returned to China in 1955.
8. He failed the experiment many times, ______ did not make him give up.
（二）用“介词 + which/whom”或适当关系词填空
1. Botany is the field in ______ she has been interested since childhood.
2. The old professor, about ______ many touching stories are told, is still doing research.
3. Nobody knows the reason for ______ the substance failed to work that time.
4. Tu Youyou, from ______ younger researchers have learned a lot, remains modest.
5. The new drug, the properties ______ were tested carefully, works very well.
6. ______ is known to all, Einstein was a man of great intelligence.
7. Qian Xuesen, ______ name is known to every Chinese, is honoured as the father of China's space programme.
8. The scientist, ______ laboratory we visited last week, will give us a lecture.
（三）语篇语法填空（在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式）
Albert Einstein, (1)______ name is familiar to everyone in the world, is considered one of the greatest scientists of all time. He (2)______(grow) up in Munich, where he showed a special talent (3)______ physics at an early age. In 1905, he (4)______(publish) several papers, and his famous theory of relativity (5)______(quick) changed the field of physics. In 1921, he (6)______(award) the Nobel Prize in Physics, which brought him worldwide (7)______(famous). When Hitler came (8)______ power in 1933, Einstein, who was Jewish, moved to the USA. (9)______(live) at Princeton, he devoted the rest of his life to research and cared deeply about world peace. He passed away in 1955, (10)______ the world lost a great mind.
四、课文语法填空
In October 2015, the news (1)______ Tu Youyou had won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine thrilled the whole nation. Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, in 1930, Tu studied pharmacy at university, where she developed a great (2)______(curious) about traditional Chinese medicine. Malaria, a deadly disease (3)______ killed millions of people every year, had become resistant to the most common treatment. In 1969, Tu (4)______(appoint) head of a national project to find a new cure. At times the project seemed likely (5)______(fail), but she (6)______(insist) on testing herbs with a low-temperature extraction. The substance they obtained, later (7)______(call) artemisinin, proved highly effective. Apart from (8)______(do) research, Tu also trained young scientists. Her discovery is now regarded (9)______ one of the greatest (10)______(achieve) in the history of medicine.
选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 参考答案
I. 知识点回顾
一、词性变形
1. achieve v.实现；达到 → achievement n.成就；达到
2. physiology n.生理学 → physiological adj.生理的；生理学的
3. commit v.承诺；全力以赴 → commitment n.承诺；投入 → committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
4. academy n.研究院；学会 → academic adj.学业的；学术的 → academically adv.在学术上
5. botany n.植物学 → botanical adj.植物学的 → botanist n.植物学家
6. evaluate v.评估；评价 → evaluation n.评估；评价
7. distinct adj.清晰的；不同的 → distinction n.差别；卓越 → distinctly adv.明显地
8. extract v.提取；提炼 → extraction n.提取；摘录
9. acknowledge v.承认；答谢 → acknowledgement n.承认；感谢
10. analyse v.分析 → analysis n.分析 → analytical adj.分析的
11. apparent adj.显而易见的 → apparently adv.显然；看来
12. substance n.物质；实质 → substantial adj.大量的；实质性的 → substantially adv.大量地；大幅度地
13. insist v.坚决要求；坚持 → insistence n.坚持 → insistent adj.坚持的
14. publish v.出版；发表 → publication n.出版；出版物
15. intelligence n.智力；才智 → intelligent adj.有才智的 → intelligently adv.聪明地
16. gentle adj.温和的；轻柔的 → gently adv.温和地 → gentleness n.温柔；和缓
17. politics n.政治 → political adj.政治的 → politician n.政治家
18. curious adj.好奇的 → curiosity n.好奇心 → curiously adv.好奇地
19. vital adj.至关重要的 → vitality n.活力；生命力
20. defeat v.击败；战胜 → defeat n.失败；击败
二、重点短语
1. be committed to 致力于；全力以赴做某事
2. come to power 掌权；上台
3. wear and tear 磨损；损耗
4. sum up 总结；概括
5. lead to 导致；通向
6. be vital to 对……至关重要
7. insist on 坚持要求；一定要
8. devote oneself to 献身于；专心致志于
9. apart from 除……之外（还）
10. stand out 突出；出色；引人注目
11. draw a conclusion 得出结论
12. put forward 提出（观点、建议等）
13. a variety of 各种各样的
14. be based on 以……为基础；根据
15. make great contributions to 对……做出巨大贡献
16. of all time 有史以来
17. in the field of 在……领域
18. be honoured as 被授予……荣誉称号；被誉为
19. test out 试验；检验
20. at times 有时；偶尔
三、重点句型
1.【规则】非限制性定语从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开，对先行词起补充说明作用，关系词不能用 that：指人用 who/whom/whose，指物用 which；先行词为时间、地点时分别用 when、where。
【例句】Tu Youyou, who discovered artemisinin, has saved millions of lives. 发现了青蒿素的屠呦呦拯救了数百万人的生命。（who 指人，在从句中作主语）
2.【规则】which 和 as 都可以指代整个主句：which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后；as 引导的从句位置灵活，可位于主句之前、之后或中间，常用于 as is known to all、as was expected、as is often the case 等结构。
【例句】As is known to all, Qian Xuesen made great contributions to China's space programme. 众所周知，钱学森为中国的航天事业做出了巨大贡献。（as 指代整个主句，从句置于句首）
3.【规则】“介词 + which/whom” 可引导非限制性定语从句：介词的选择取决于先行词的习惯搭配或从句中动词（短语）的搭配；指物用 which，指人用 whom，且介词不可省略。
【例句】Marie Curie, to whom two Nobel Prizes were awarded, devoted her whole life to scientific research. 玛丽·居里曾两次被授予诺贝尔奖，她把一生都献给了科学研究。（be awarded to sb 的介词 to 前置）
4.【规则】commit oneself to do sth 意为“承诺／决心做某事”，其中 to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形；be committed to (doing) sth 意为“坚定地致力于”，其中 to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
【例句】The young researchers committed themselves to find a cure for the deadly disease. 这些年轻的研究人员决心找到治愈这种致命疾病的方法。（commit oneself to do sth）
II. 牛刀小试
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.achievement 2.committed 3.intelligent 4.Curiosity 5.apparently 6.substantial 7.gently 8.evaluation 9.acknowledgement 10.academically 11.distinction 12.analysis
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.was awarded 2.had published 3.are installing 4.had been tested 5.(should) be 6.are analysing 7.have been extracted 8.studying 9.asked 10.(should) know
三、单元语法：非限制性定语从句
（一）用适当的关系词填空（which/who/whom/whose/where/when/as）
1.who 2.which 3.whose 4.when 5.where 6.As 7.whom 8.which
（二）用“介词 + which/whom”或适当关系词填空
1.which 2.whom 3.which 4.whom 5.which 6.As 7.whose 8.whose
（三）语篇语法填空
1.whose 2.grew 3.for 4.published 5.quickly 6.was awarded 7.fame 8.to 9.Living 10.when
四、课文语法填空
1.that 2.curiosity 3.that/which 4.was appointed 5.to fail 6.insisted 7.called 8.doing 9.as 10.achievements

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