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外研版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 6 Earth First 单元回顾
I. 知识点回顾
一、词性变形
1. scare v.使惊恐 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.感到害怕的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.吓人的
2. frighten v.使惊恐 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.受惊吓的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.令人害怕的
3. dive v.潜水 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.潜水员 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.潜水（运动）
4. terrify v.使恐惧 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.令人恐惧的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.感到恐惧的
5. sympathy n.同情 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.同情的；赞同的
6. defend v.保卫；为……辩护 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.保护；防御 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.被告
7. cruel adj.残忍的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.残忍；残酷
8. illegal adj.非法的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.非法地
9. immediate adj.立即的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.立刻；马上
10. pollute v.污染 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.污染 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.被污染的
11. destroy v.破坏 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.破坏；毁灭 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.破坏性的
12. environment n.环境 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.环境的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.环保主义者
13. extinct adj.灭绝的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.灭绝；消亡
14. sustain v.维持；使持续 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.可持续的
15. recycle v.回收利用 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.回收利用
16. horror n.震惊；恐惧 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.可怕的；糟糕的
17. attack v.& n.攻击 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.攻击者
18. evidence n.证据 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.明显的
19. danger n.危险 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.濒危的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.危险的
20. protest v.& n.抗议 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.抗议者
二、重点短语
1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 切断；切掉；砍掉
2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 害怕……
3. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 究竟；到底（用于疑问句中加强语气）
4. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 数以百万计的；大量的
5. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 死于（外因）
6. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 过去常常做某事
7. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 关心；担忧
8. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 采取行动
9. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 扔掉；丢弃
10. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 减少；削减
11. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 想出；提出（办法、主意）
12. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 被……覆盖；布满
13. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 目前；此刻
14. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 许多；大量（后接可数名词复数）
15. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 由……制成（能看出原材料）
16. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 导致；造成
17. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 对……有影响
18. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 对……有害
19. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 处于……的危险之中
20. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 灭绝；逐渐消失
三、重点句型
【规则】感官动词 see/watch/hear/notice/feel 等后接宾语＋现在分词，表示动作正在进行；接宾语＋过去分词，表示宾语与该动作之间为被动关系或所处的状态；接宾语＋不带 to 的动词原形，表示看到了动作的全过程。
【例句】When we dived into the water, we saw a shark ______(swim) slowly towards us. 我们潜入水中时，看见一条鲨鱼正慢慢地朝我们游来。
【规则】have/get/keep/leave/find/catch 等使役动词后可接宾语＋现在分词（宾语与动词为主动关系且动作在进行）或宾语＋过去分词（宾语与动词为被动关系）。
【例句】Divers often find sharks ______(leave) to die slowly after their fins are cut off. 潜水员们经常发现鲨鱼在鱼鳍被割掉后被丢下慢慢死去。
【规则】“with＋宾语＋doing/done/to do”复合结构常在句中作状语，表示伴随、原因或条件；宾语后用 doing 表主动进行，用 done 表被动完成，用 to do 表尚未发生的动作。
【例句】With more and more plastic ______(throw) into the sea, many sea animals are now in danger. 随着越来越多的塑料被扔进大海，许多海洋动物正面临危险。
【规则】在为某种动物“正名”的说明文中，常用 be seen as / be regarded as 先摆出人们的普遍误解，再用 but in fact 转折引出事实，使文章观点更有说服力。
【例句】Sharks are often seen as dangerous killers, but ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ fact, far more people die from snake bites than from shark attacks. 鲨鱼常被视为危险的杀手，但事实上，死于蛇咬的人远多于死于鲨鱼袭击的人。
II. 牛刀小试
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1. We were ______(frighten) to see a terrifying shadow moving towards us under the water.
2. Cars produce a lot of harmful gases, which is a major cause of air ______(pollute).
3. The forest fire last summer led to the ______(destroy) of thousands of trees.
4. Scientists are trying hard to save sea turtles from ______(extinct).
5. Using solar energy is a good way to live a ______(sustain) life.
6. The kind old man is always ______(sympathy) towards homeless animals.
7. It is ______(legal) to hunt endangered species in many countries.
8. The government took ______(immediately) action to ban plastic bags in supermarkets.
9. We should protect the ______(environment) instead of destroying it for short-term benefits.
10. People were shocked by the ______(cruel) of the shark fin trade.
11. The brave ______(dive) swam close to the seals and took some amazing photos.
12. There is little ______(evident) that sharks deliberately hunt humans.
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. When I passed the music room, I heard someone ______(sing) an English song.
2. The speaker raised his voice to make himself ______(hear) clearly.
3. We watched the seal ______(dive) into the water and disappear under the waves.
4. With the problem ______(solve), we all felt relaxed.
5. The teacher had all the exercises ______(do) before the class began.
6. I saw an old man ______(knock) down by a bike on my way home yesterday.
7. Keep the door ______(close) when the experiment is going on.
8. She got her bike ______(repair) in the shop near her home yesterday afternoon.
9. Walking along the beach, I noticed some volunteers ______(pick) up litter.
10. He spoke slowly so as to make himself ______(understand) by the beginners.
三、单元语法：现在分词和过去分词作补足语
（一）感官及使役动词后补足语形式辨析
1. Every morning we can hear birds ______(sing) happily in the trees near our school.
2. When I came into the room, I found the window ______(break) and glass everywhere.
3. The diver's amazing photos made everyone ______(laugh) and want to see more.
4. I saw a sea turtle ______(take) away by some rescuers on the beach just now.
5. With the final exam ______(approach), the students are busy going over their lessons.
6. The mother kept her little son ______(wait) outside the office for almost an hour.
7. We noticed a turtle ______(trap) in an old fishing net and managed to set it free.
8. Many people find it hard ______(believe) that sharks are actually in danger.
（二）分词补足语综合填空
1. With more and more sharks ______(kill) every year, the ocean ecosystem is out of balance.
2. The film showed a group of divers ______(search) for plastic bottles under the sea.
3. When he woke up, he found his wallet ______(steal) on the crowded bus.
4. The teacher had the classroom ______(clean) by the students after school.
5. While I was walking in the street, I heard my name ______(call) from behind.
6. With so much homework ______(do), I can't go swimming with you this afternoon.
7. Listen! Can you hear someone ______(scream) for help in the distance
8. To his shame, he was caught ______(cheat) in the physics exam last week.
（三）语篇语法填空（现在分词和过去分词作补足语等）
Last summer, I took part in a beach clean-up campaign. When I got there, I saw dozens of volunteers ______(1)(pick) up litter along the shore. With plastic bottles ______(2)(collect) into big sacks, the beach soon looked quite different. A diver gave us a talk. He said he often saw sharks ______(3)(hunt) for fish near the coast, but now these amazing animals are in danger of ______(4)(die) out. Many sea animals mistake plastic bags ______(5) jellyfish and eat them, which often leads ______(6) their deaths. I also found a turtle ______(7)(trap) in an old fishing net, and we managed to set it free. The terrible scene left me ______(8)(think) deeply about our planet. Everyone should cut down ______(9) plastic products and take action to protect the ocean. Only in this way can we make the sea ______(10) better home for all sea animals.
四、课文语法填空
本单元阅读课文介绍了一位为鲨鱼"正名"的潜水员与鲨鱼保护的故事。Sharks have a terrible reputation. In films and on television, sharks are often shown ______(1)(attack) people in the sea, which has made many people ______(2)(frighten) of going into the water. ______(3), scientific evidence shows that sharks hardly ever attack humans, and far more people die from lightning strikes than from shark attacks. Unfortunately, millions of sharks ______(4)(kill) every year just for their fins. Divers have even found finless sharks ______(5)(throw) back into the sea, waiting helplessly for death. This cruel trade has led ______(6) a sharp drop in shark numbers, and some species are now in danger of ______(7)(become) extinct. Sharks actually keep the ocean healthy, so we should stop seeing them ______(8) our enemies. Governments should take action ______(9)(immediate) to ban shark fin trading. With more and more people ______(10)(join) in the protection of sharks, we believe their future will be much brighter.
外研版（2019）必修第二册 Unit 6 参考答案
I. 知识点回顾
一、词性变形
1. scare v.使惊恐 → scared adj.感到害怕的 → scary adj.吓人的
2. frighten v.使惊恐 → frightened adj.受惊吓的 → frightening adj.令人害怕的
3. dive v.潜水 → diver n.潜水员 → diving n.潜水（运动）
4. terrify v.使恐惧 → terrifying adj.令人恐惧的 → terrified adj.感到恐惧的
5. sympathy n.同情 → sympathetic adj.同情的；赞同的
6. defend v.保卫；为……辩护 → defence n.保护；防御 → defendant n.被告
7. cruel adj.残忍的 → cruelty n.残忍；残酷
8. illegal adj.非法的 → illegally adv.非法地
9. immediate adj.立即的 → immediately adv.立刻；马上
10. pollute v.污染 → pollution n.污染 → polluted adj.被污染的
11. destroy v.破坏 → destruction n.破坏；毁灭 → destructive adj.破坏性的
12. environment n.环境 → environmental adj.环境的 → environmentalist n.环保主义者
13. extinct adj.灭绝的 → extinction n.灭绝；消亡
14. sustain v.维持；使持续 → sustainable adj.可持续的
15. recycle v.回收利用 → recycling n.回收利用
16. horror n.震惊；恐惧 → horrible adj.可怕的；糟糕的
17. attack v.& n.攻击 → attacker n.攻击者
18. evidence n.证据 → evident adj.明显的
19. danger n.危险 → endangered adj.濒危的 → dangerous adj.危险的
20. protest v.& n.抗议 → protester n.抗议者
二、重点短语
1. cut off 切断；切掉；砍掉
2. be scared of 害怕……
3. on earth 究竟；到底（用于疑问句中加强语气）
4. millions of 数以百万计的；大量的
5. die from 死于（外因）
6. used to do sth 过去常常做某事
7. be concerned about 关心；担忧
8. take action 采取行动
9. throw away 扔掉；丢弃
10. cut down on 减少；削减
11. come up with 想出；提出（办法、主意）
12. be covered in/with 被……覆盖；布满
13. at the moment 目前；此刻
14. a number of 许多；大量（后接可数名词复数）
15. be made of 由……制成（能看出原材料）
16. lead to 导致；造成
17. have an effect on 对……有影响
18. do harm to 对……有害
19. in danger of 处于……的危险之中
20. die out 灭绝；逐渐消失
三、重点句型
【规则】感官动词 see/watch/hear/notice/feel 等后接宾语＋现在分词，表示动作正在进行；接宾语＋过去分词，表示宾语与该动作之间为被动关系或所处的状态；接宾语＋不带 to 的动词原形，表示看到了动作的全过程。
【例句】When we dived into the water, we saw a shark swimming slowly towards us. 我们潜入水中时，看见一条鲨鱼正慢慢地朝我们游来。（现在分词作宾语补足语，表动作正在进行）
【规则】have/get/keep/leave/find/catch 等使役动词后可接宾语＋现在分词（宾语与动词为主动关系且动作在进行）或宾语＋过去分词（宾语与动词为被动关系）。
【例句】Divers often find sharks left to die slowly after their fins are cut off. 潜水员们经常发现鲨鱼在鱼鳍被割掉后被丢下慢慢死去。（过去分词作宾语补足语，表被动）
【规则】“with＋宾语＋doing/done/to do”复合结构常在句中作状语，表示伴随、原因或条件；宾语后用 doing 表主动进行，用 done 表被动完成，用 to do 表尚未发生的动作。
【例句】With more and more plastic thrown into the sea, many sea animals are now in danger. 随着越来越多的塑料被扔进大海，许多海洋动物正面临危险。（with＋宾语＋过去分词，表被动完成）
【规则】在为某种动物“正名”的说明文中，常用 be seen as / be regarded as 先摆出人们的普遍误解，再用 but in fact 转折引出事实，使文章观点更有说服力。
【例句】Sharks are often seen as dangerous killers, but in fact, far more people die from snake bites than from shark attacks. 鲨鱼常被视为危险的杀手，但事实上，死于蛇咬的人远多于死于鲨鱼袭击的人。（in fact 意为“事实上”，用于转折引出事实）
II. 牛刀小试
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.frightened 2.pollution 3.destruction 4.extinction 5.sustainable 6.sympathetic 7.illegal 8.immediate 9.environment 10.cruelty 11.diver 12.evidence
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.singing 2.heard 3.dive 4.solved 5.done 6.knocked 7.closed 8.repaired 9.picking 10.understood
三、单元语法：现在分词和过去分词作补足语
（一）感官及使役动词后补足语形式辨析
1.singing 2.broken 3.laugh 4.taken 5.approaching 6.waiting 7.trapped 8.to believe
（二）分词补足语综合填空
1.killed 2.searching 3.stolen 4.cleaned 5.called 6.to do 7.screaming 8.cheating
（三）语篇语法填空（现在分词和过去分词作补足语等）
1.picking 2.collected 3.hunting 4.dying 5.for 6.to 7.trapped 8.thinking 9.on 10.a
四、课文语法填空
1.attacking 2.frightened 3.However 4.are killed 5.thrown 6.to 7.becoming 8.as 9.immediately 10.joining

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