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外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Breaking Boundaries 单元回顾
I. 知识点回顾
一、词性变形
1. infect v.感染；传染 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.感染 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.传染性的
2. instruct v.指示；指导 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.指示；说明 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.教员；指导者
3. essential adj.必不可少的；极其重要的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.根本上；本质上
4. collaborate v.合作；协作 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.合作；协作 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.合作的
5. global adj.全球的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.全球化
6. diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.多样性；差异 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ v.（使）多样化
7. harmonious adj.和谐的；融洽的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.和谐；融洽
8. respect v.尊重；尊敬 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.恭敬的；有礼貌的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.恭敬地
9. prejudice n.偏见 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.有偏见的
10. familiar adj.熟悉的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.不熟悉的
11. influence n.影响 v.影响 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.有很大影响力的
12. originate v.起源；发源 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.起源；由来
13. forbid v.禁止 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.被禁止的
14. vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.活力；生命力 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adv.极其；极为
15. human adj.人的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.人类；人性
16. involve v.使参与；涉及 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.参与；卷入 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.复杂的；有关联的
17. prioritize v.优先处理 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.优先事项
18. culture n.文化 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.文化的 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.跨文化的
19. stereotype n.刻板印象；模式化观念 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ adj.老一套的
20. descend v.起源（于）；下降 → ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ n.后裔；子孙
二、重点短语
1. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 打破界限；破除隔阂
2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 处理；对付；解决
3. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 缺乏；缺少
4. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 不顾；不管
5. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 当务之急；头等大事
6. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 参与；卷入；涉及
7. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 与……接触；接触到
8. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 被卷入；陷入
9. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 更不用说
10. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 设身处地；站在他人的角度
11. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 为了纪念
12. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 付出巨大的代价
13. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 指望；依靠；看向
14. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 带来；产生；提出
15. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 从事；参与
16. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 从更广的意义上讲
17. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 徒劳；白费力气
18. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 使……处于危险之中
19. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 战友
20. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 面对
三、重点句型
【规则】it 作形式主语常用结构：It is + adj. + (for/of sb) to do sth，it 代替后面的不定式，使句子头轻脚重、结构平衡。若形容词表示人的品质、性格（kind, wise, generous, careless, polite 等），用 of sb；若形容词表示事物本身的性质（important, necessary, essential, vital, possible 等），用 for sb。判断方法：人能与该形容词构成主表关系（He is kind）时用 of。
【例句】It is wise ______(follow) the instructions of the local authorities when an epidemic breaks out. 当流行病暴发时，听从当地当局的指示是明智的。（不定式 to follow 作真正的主语）
【规则】It is no use/good doing sth 意为“做某事没有用/没有好处”，动名词短语作真正的主语，注意不用不定式；It is said/reported/thought that... 意为“据说/据报道/人们认为……”，that 从句才是真正的主语，that 不能省略，也不能换成 of/for。
【例句】It is no use ______(complain) about the barriers between the two peoples; it is reported that the two communities are holding a dialogue. 抱怨两个民族之间的隔阂没有用；据报道两个社区正在举行对话。（动名词 complaining；从句连词 that）
【规则】It is/has been + 时间段 + since... 表示“自……以来已有（多长时间）”，since 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句谓语用 is 或 has been 均可。注意与 It was + 时间段 + before...（过了多久才……）的区别。
【例句】It ______(be) almost five years since the Chinese doctors first came into contact with the villagers. 自从中国医生首次接触这些村民以来，已将近五年了。（is/has been 均可）
【规则】本单元课文讲述中非医护人员携手抗击埃博拉疫情的故事，多处用 it 作形式主语表达观点与态度，如：It is wise to follow the instructions of the local authorities.（听从当地当局的指示是明智的）；It is important to remember that Ebola doesn't respect national boundaries.（要记住埃博拉病毒是不分国界的）。课文结尾进一步用 It is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate... 强调构建人类命运共同体的必要性。
【例句】In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all ______(collaborate) to create a global community with a shared future. 在一个仍然面临诸多问题的世界里，我们所有人都必须携手合作，共同构建一个和平与繁荣的人类命运共同体。（to collaborate）
II. 牛刀小试
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1. The ______(infect) spread quickly, so the doctors asked everyone to wash hands often.
2. Ebola is a highly ______(infect) disease, which is spread through body fluids.
3. It is wise to follow the ______(instruct) of the local authorities in an emergency.
4. The two hospitals began a new ______(collaborate) to fight against the epidemic.
5. With the development of ______(global), countries are more closely connected than ever.
6. The city is famous for the ______(diverse) of its cultures and peoples.
7. The two communities lived together in ______(harmonious) for hundreds of years.
8. ______(familiar) with the local customs, the new volunteers made a few mistakes at first.
9. The professor's ideas have a great ______(influential) on the young researchers.
10. Health workers should be our top ______(prioritize) in the fight against the virus.
11. Many young doctors' ______(involve) in the programme saved countless lives.
12. People shouldn't judge others by ______(stereotype); every person is unique.
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. It is vital ______(control) the spread of the infectious disease in time.
2. It is no use ______(worry) about things you cannot change.
3. It took the doctors several months ______(bring) the epidemic under control.
4. It is reported that a new treatment ______(find) recently.
5. It is important for us ______(understand) each other's cultures.
6. It ______(be) two years since the doctors first came to the small town.
7. It is wise of the authorities ______(forbid) people to travel during the outbreak.
8. It is no good ______(turn) a blind eye to prejudice around us.
9. It is thought that the two leaders ______(meet) again next month.
10. It ______(take) the volunteers a whole day to reach the village cut off by the flood.
三、单元语法：it 作形式主语
（一）用所给动词的适当形式填空（判断 to do / doing / 谓语动词形式）
1. It is essential for the authorities ______(act) quickly when an epidemic breaks out.
2. It is no use ______(argue) with someone who refuses to respect the facts.
3. It is reported that a team of doctors ______(arrive) in the area last night.
4. It is kind of you ______(offer) to help the children in the mountain village.
5. It is said that the project ______(support) by many countries since it started.
6. It took the medical team several weeks ______(set) up the treatment centre.
7. It is no good ______(lose) heart when we are caught up in difficulties.
8. It is important ______(remember) that a virus doesn't respect national boundaries.
（二）it 形式主语综合填空（注意 for / of / since / that 等用法）
1. It is necessary ______ us to learn about different cultures before we visit them.
2. It is really kind ______ the nurses to look after the patients so patiently.
3. It ______(be) ten years since the two towns became sister communities.
4. ______ is said that the famous scientist will visit our school next week.
5. It is wise ______ follow the instructions of the local authorities in an emergency.
6. It is no use ______(complain) about the barriers; we should take action right away.
7. It is a pity ______ you can't take part in the intercultural dialogue this weekend.
8. It ______(take) the two leaders a long talk to clear up the misunderstanding.
（三）语篇语法填空（it 作形式主语）
In today's world, ______(1) is often said that people across the globe are closely connected. Last winter, an epidemic ______(2)(break) out in a remote African town, and it soon spread across the border. It was vital for the authorities ______(3)(act) quickly, so doctors from China and Africa worked side by side to deal ______(4) the crisis. It ______(5)(take) the medical team only two weeks to set up a treatment centre, though they came into contact ______(6) infected patients every day. It was not easy ______(7)(build) trust at first, but mutual respect helped them break ______(8) the cultural barriers. It is no use ______(9)(blame) anyone for the disaster; what matters is that mankind joins hands. In a larger sense, it is absolutely essential for us all ______(10)(create) a global community with a shared future.
四、课文语法填空
The unit text is a first-person account ______(1) a Chinese doctor who worked in Africa during the Ebola outbreak. When the epidemic ______(2)(hit), the local hospitals were short of staff and supplies, and many doctors ______(3)(catch) up in the fight against the deadly virus. The writer remembers that it was wise to follow the ______(4)(instruct) of the local authorities, and that Ebola didn't respect national ______(5)(boundary). Together with the local medical workers, the Chinese team dealt with one difficulty after ______(6), and their efforts were not in ______(7). Thanks to the cooperation, more and more patients ______(8)(save). The writer says that in a world still ______(9)(face) so many problems, it is essential for us all to collaborate ______(10)(create) a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 参考答案
I. 知识点回顾
一、词性变形
1. infect v.感染；传染 → infection n.感染 → infectious adj.传染性的
2. instruct v.指示；指导 → instruction n.指示；说明 → instructor n.教员；指导者
3. essential adj.必不可少的；极其重要的 → essentially adv.根本上；本质上
4. collaborate v.合作；协作 → collaboration n.合作；协作 → collaborative adj.合作的
5. global adj.全球的 → globalisation n.全球化
6. diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的 → diversity n.多样性；差异 → diversify v.（使）多样化
7. harmonious adj.和谐的；融洽的 → harmony n.和谐；融洽
8. respect v.尊重；尊敬 → respectful adj.恭敬的；有礼貌的 → respectfully adv.恭敬地
9. prejudice n.偏见 → prejudiced adj.有偏见的
10. familiar adj.熟悉的 → unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的
11. influence n.影响 v.影响 → influential adj.有很大影响力的
12. originate v.起源；发源 → origin n.起源；由来
13. forbid v.禁止 → forbidden adj.被禁止的
14. vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的 → vitality n.活力；生命力 → vitally adv.极其；极为
15. human adj.人的 → humanity n.人类；人性
16. involve v.使参与；涉及 → involvement n.参与；卷入 → involved adj.复杂的；有关联的
17. prioritize v.优先处理 → priority n.优先事项
18. culture n.文化 → cultural adj.文化的 → intercultural adj.跨文化的
19. stereotype n.刻板印象；模式化观念 → stereotyped adj.老一套的
20. descend v.起源（于）；下降 → descendant n.后裔；子孙
二、重点短语
1. break down boundaries 打破界限；破除隔阂
2. deal with 处理；对付；解决
3. a lack of 缺乏；缺少
4. regardless of 不顾；不管
5. the top priority 当务之急；头等大事
6. be involved in 参与；卷入；涉及
7. come into contact with 与……接触；接触到
8. be caught up in 被卷入；陷入
9. not to mention 更不用说
10. step into one's shoes 设身处地；站在他人的角度
11. in memory of 为了纪念
12. at a great cost 付出巨大的代价
13. look to 指望；依靠；看向
14. bring forth 带来；产生；提出
15. engage in 从事；参与
16. in a larger sense 从更广的意义上讲
17. in vain 徒劳；白费力气
18. put ... at risk 使……处于危险之中
rades-in-arms 战友
20. in the face of 面对
三、重点句型
【例句】It is wise to follow the instructions of the local authorities when an epidemic breaks out. 当流行病暴发时，听从当地当局的指示是明智的。（It is + adj. + (for/of sb) to do 句型；to follow 作真正的主语）
【例句】It is no use complaining about the barriers between the two peoples; it is reported that the two communities are holding a dialogue. 抱怨两个民族之间的隔阂没有用；据报道两个社区正在举行对话。（It is no use doing；It is reported that...）
【例句】It is/has been almost five years since the Chinese doctors first came into contact with the villagers. 自从中国医生首次接触这些村民以来，已将近五年了。（It is/has been + 时间段 + since 从句用一般过去时）
【例句】In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future. 在一个仍然面临诸多问题的世界里，我们所有人都必须携手合作，共同构建一个和平与繁荣的人类命运共同体。（课文原句式：It is absolutely essential for us all to do，essential 表事物性质用 for sb）
II. 牛刀小试
一、用所给单词适当形式填空
1.infection 2.infectious 3.instructions 4.collaboration 5.globalisation 6.diversity 7.harmony 8.Unfamiliar 9.influence 10.priority 11.involvement 12.stereotypes
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.to control 2.worrying 3.to bring 4.has been found 5.to understand 6.is/has been 7.to forbid 8.turning 9.will meet 10.took
三、单元语法：it 作形式主语
（一）用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.to act 2.arguing 3.arrived 4.to offer 5.has been supported 6.to set 7.losing 8.to remember
（二）it 形式主语综合填空
1.for 2.of 3.is/has been 4.It 5.to 6.complaining 7.that 8.took
（三）语篇语法填空
1.it 2.broke 3.to act 4.with 5.took 6.with 7.to build 8.down 9.blaming 10.to create
四、课文语法填空
1.from/of 2.hit 3.were caught 4.instructions 5.boundaries 6.another 7.vain 8.were saved 9.facing 10.to create

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