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高中英语北师大版 2019 必修第二册 Unit 4 Information Technology习题
一、单词拼写
1.He chose a lovely panda as his __________ (头像) in the online game.
2.Remember to __________ (更新) the app regularly so that it can run better.
3.You can __________ (下载) the song from the music app for free.
4.Click this button to __________ (上传) your photos to the website.
5.If you forget your password, you cannot get into your __________ (账户).
6.Never tell anyone the __________ (密码) of your email.
7.Some students enjoy the __________ (虚拟的) world of online games too much.
8.More and more people read __________ (数字的) books on their phones.
9.Just __________ (点击) the icon twice and the program will start.
10.This small __________ (设备) can translate languages in a second.
二、词性转化
1.convenient (adj.) → __________ (n.) 便利
2.private (adj.) → __________ (n.) 隐私
3.communicate (v.) → __________ (n.) 交流
4.identify (v.) → __________ (n.) 身份
5.connect (v.) → __________ (n.) 连接
6.real (adj.) → __________ (n.) 现实
7.person (n.) → __________ (adj.) 个人的
8.benefit (n.) → __________ (adj.) 有益的
9.addict (v.) → __________ (adj.) 使人上瘾的
10.social (adj.) → __________ (n.) 社会
三、选词填空（从下列所给词中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空）
chat, screen, website, access, benefit, contact, share, replace
1.We often __________ online with friends after school to relax.
2.Spending too much time in front of a __________ is bad for your eyes.
3.You can visit the school's official __________ to get the latest news.
4.Students can __________ the school network with their own accounts.
5.One of the greatest __________ of online learning is that you can study at your own pace.
6.If you have any questions, please __________ the teacher by email.
7.Many people like __________ photos of their daily life on the Internet.
8.Some people worry that online communication will __________ face-to-face talks.
四、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nowadays, more and more teenagers are making friends on the Internet. According to a recent report, about half of the middle school students have online friends. With a smart phone, young people can make new friends anytime and anywhere. 1________ They talk about homework, music and games as if they had known each other for years.
There is no doubt that making friends online has some advantages. You can chat with people who share the same hobbies, and you can express your feelings more freely because nobody is watching you. In this way, shy students may become more confident. You can also join online clubs and take part in discussions about your favorite topics. 2________
3________ Since you cannot see the person face to face, it is easy for someone to tell lies about his or her age, job or even gender. Some bad people hide behind friendly faces and try to cheat teenagers out of money or personal information. As a result, some students have been hurt both in feelings and in money.
Therefore, you must learn to protect yourself. Never give out your real name, home address, phone number or passwords to online friends. 4________ If an online friend asks you for money or wants to meet you alone, you should tell your parents or teachers at once.
In short, the Internet gives us a new way to make friends, but real friendships need time and trust. A true friend is someone who helps you when you are in trouble, not just someone who says nice words online. According to a study, friendships that start online often break up quickly without face-to-face communication. 5________ So next time you click 'Add Friend', think carefully: is this person really worth trusting
A. However, not everything online is what it seems.
B. So never decide to meet an online friend alone without telling your parents first.
C. Some of them even spend hours chatting with their online friends every day.
D. Besides, you can make friends with people from different countries and learn about their cultures.
E. Instead, use a nickname and keep your personal information secret.
F. Online friends are usually more honest than friends in real life.
G. But remember, real friends are always there when you really need them.
五、阅读理解
（一）
A recent survey of 500 high school students shows that nearly 70 percent of them spend more than three hours a day on their mobile phones, mostly watching short videos and playing games. Many of them check their phones over fifty times a day, even during class.
Too much screen time is harming teenagers. Doctors say that staring at screens for long hours leads to poor eyesight. Worse still, the blue light from screens makes it hard for the brain to fall asleep, so many students feel sleepy in class the next day.
To solve the problem, a group of developers has created an app called 'Screen Limit'. The app records how long you use each app every day and sets a daily limit for you. When you reach the limit, the apps you choose will be locked until the next day. The app also sends friendly reminders, such as 'You have been on your phone for two hours. Time for a break!'
Sixteen-year-old Wang Hui used to spend five hours a day on his phone. After using 'Screen Limit' for a month, he has cut his screen time to one and a half hours. 'Now I have more time for basketball and my homework,' he says. 'My grades have improved, too.'
Experts remind us that such apps are only tools. The real change comes from self-discipline. Instead of playing with phones, teenagers should do more sports, read books and enjoy face-to-face time with family and friends.
1.What does the survey in Paragraph 1 show
A. Most students use phones mainly for study.
B. Many students spend over three hours a day on their phones.
C. Students check their phones only during class.
D. Few students like watching short videos.
2.According to doctors, why do many students feel sleepy in class
A. They stay up too late doing homework.
B. They play too many computer games.
C. Blue light from screens makes it hard for them to fall asleep.
D. Their eyesight is too poor.
3.What will happen when you reach the daily limit set by 'Screen Limit'
A. The app will be deleted automatically.
B. Your phone will be turned off.
C. The app will send your parents a message.
D. The apps you choose will be locked until the next day.
4.What can we infer about Wang Hui
A. He has given up using mobile phones completely.
B. His schoolwork is getting better after less screen time.
C. He thinks the app is useless.
D. He spends more time on short videos now.
5.What do the experts suggest in the last paragraph
A. Changing themselves through self-discipline and healthy activities.
B. Developing more apps like 'Screen Limit'.
C. Making the daily limit longer.
D. Avoiding all digital devices at school.
（二）
When you create an account on a website or an app, you are often asked to choose an avatar — a picture that stands for you in the digital world. Some people use their real photos, while others prefer cartoon characters, animals or even landscapes.
A recent study suggests that avatars can show part of a person's character. In the study, 300 volunteers created avatars and then finished a personality test. The result showed that people who chose bright, smiling avatars were usually more outgoing, while those who chose dark or simple ones were often quieter. Researchers believe that people express themselves through the pictures they pick. Interestingly, many volunteers changed their avatars when their moods changed.
One advantage of using an avatar is that it protects your privacy. With an avatar, you can chat online without showing your real face, so strangers cannot easily find out who you are. However, avatars can also bring risks. Some people hide behind friendly avatars to cheat others. A 'cute' avatar does not always mean an honest person behind it.
Therefore, be careful when you make friends online. An avatar may give you a first impression, but a person's real character is shown by what he or she does, both online and offline. Watch how your online friends treat others, and never trust strangers too quickly just because of a lovely picture. In this way, you can enjoy the fun of the Internet and stay safe at the same time.
6.According to Paragraph 1, an avatar is a picture that ______.
A. protects your phone from viruses
B. stands for you in the digital world
C. shows your real face clearly
D. makes your account more beautiful
7.What did the study of 300 volunteers find
A. Everyone chooses cartoon avatars.
B. Avatars have nothing to do with character.
C. People often express themselves through their avatars.
D. Volunteers never changed their avatars.
8.Why can avatars protect people's privacy
A. People can chat online without showing their real faces.
B. Avatars can stop strangers from sending messages.
C. Avatars keep passwords safe.
D. People cannot be found online at all.
9.What risk does the writer mention in Paragraph 3
A. Avatars may hurt people's eyes.
B. Some people cheat others by hiding behind friendly avatars.
C. Real photos are safer than avatars.
D. Avatars cost a lot of money.
10.What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph
A. Trust every online friend with a lovely avatar.
B. Never make friends on the Internet.
C. Use real photos instead of avatars.
D. Judge people by their actions, not just by their avatars.
习题答案解析
一、单词拼写
1.“头像”，avatar 作可数名词，as his avatar 作介词 as 的宾语，故填 avatar。
2.“更新”，update 作动词，不定式符号 to 后接动词原形，故填 update。
3.“下载”，download 作动词，情态动词 can 后接动词原形，故填 download。
4.“上传”，upload 作动词，to 后接动词原形构成不定式，故填 upload。
5.“账户”，account 作可数名词，your 后接名词作宾语，故填 account。
6.“密码”，password 作可数名词，the 后接名词作 tell 的直接宾语，故填 password。
7.“虚拟的”，virtual 作形容词，修饰名词 world，故填 virtual。
8.“数字的”，digital 作形容词，修饰名词 books，故填 digital。
9.“点击”，click 作动词，祈使句以动词原形开头，故填 click。
10.“设备”，device 作可数名词，this small 后接单数名词作主语，故填 device。
二、词性转化
1.convenient 形容词“便利的”，其名词形式是 convenience，意为“便利”，如：at your convenience（在你方便的时候）。
2.private 形容词“私人的”，其名词形式是 privacy，意为“隐私”，如：protect one's privacy（保护某人的隐私）。
3.communicate 动词“交流”，其名词形式是 communication，意为“交流；沟通”，如：online communication（网上交流）。
4.identify 动词“确认；识别”，其名词形式是 identity，意为“身份”，如：identity card（身份证）。
5.connect 动词“连接”，其名词形式是 connection，意为“连接”，如：Internet connection（网络连接）。
6.real 形容词“真实的”，其名词形式是 reality，意为“现实”，如：virtual reality（虚拟现实）。
7.person 名词“人”，其形容词形式是 personal，意为“个人的”，如：personal information（个人信息）。
8.benefit 名词“好处”，其形容词形式是 beneficial，意为“有益的”，如：be beneficial to health（对健康有益）。
9.addict 动词“使上瘾”，其形容词形式是 addictive，意为“使人上瘾的”，如：addictive games（让人上瘾的游戏）。
10.social 形容词“社会的”，其名词形式是 society，意为“社会”，如：modern society（现代社会）。
三、选词填空
1.“聊天”，chat 作动词，often 提示句子为一般现在时，主语 we 后接动词原形，故填 chat。
2.“屏幕”，screen 作可数名词，不定冠词 a 后接单数名词，故填 screen。
3.“网站”，website 作可数名词，the school's official 后接名词，故填 website。
4.“访问；进入”，access 作动词，情态动词 can 后接动词原形，故填 access。
5.“好处”，benefit 作可数名词，“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”结构要求名词用复数形式，故填 benefits。
6.“联系”，contact 作动词，please 后接动词原形构成祈使句，故填 contact。
7.“分享”，share 作动词，like 后接动名词作宾语，即 like doing sth（喜欢做某事），故填 sharing。
8.“取代”，replace 作动词，will 后接动词原形，故填 replace。
四、七选五
1.C：首段说“约一半的中学生有网上朋友”“随时都能交到新朋友”，C 选项“他们中有些人甚至每天花数小时与网友聊天”承接前文进一步举例说明沉迷程度，且与空后 They talk about homework, music and games（他们谈论作业、音乐和游戏）衔接自然，故选 C。
2.D：上句说 shy students may become more confident（害羞的学生会变得更自信），本段在讲网络交友的优点，D 选项“此外，你还可以与来自不同国家的人交朋友并了解他们的文化”用 Besides 表示递进，补充网络交友的另一个优点，与全段主旨一致，故选 D。
3.A：空前两段讲优点，本段转折讲网络交友的弊端，A 选项“然而，网络上并非一切都如表面所见”中 However 引出转折并概括本段主旨，与空后“很容易在年龄、职业甚至性别上撒谎”呼应，故选 A。
4.E：上文说“不要向网友透露真实姓名、住址、电话号码或密码”，E 选项“相反，使用昵称并保密你的个人信息”用 Instead 给出替代做法，与上文“不能做什么”形成“应该怎么做”的紧密衔接，故选 E。
5.G：空前说“网上开始的友谊如果没有面对面交流往往很快破裂”，并指出真正的朋友会在你困难时帮助你，G 选项“但请记住，真正的朋友在你真正需要他们时总会在身边”用 But remember 呼应主题，并与空后“这个人真的值得信任吗”的问句自然衔接，故选 G。
五、阅读理解
1.B：第一段说 nearly 70 percent of them spend more than three hours a day on their mobile phones（近七成学生每天用手机超过三小时），B 项“许多学生每天用手机超过三小时”与此一致；A、D 与“看短视频、玩游戏为主”相矛盾，C 项 only 过于绝对，故选 B。
2.C：第二段说 the blue light from screens makes it hard for the brain to fall asleep, so many students feel sleepy in class the next day（屏幕蓝光使大脑难以入睡，因此学生第二天上课犯困），C 项“屏幕蓝光使他们难以入睡”正是犯困的直接原因，故选 C。
3.D：第三段说 When you reach the limit, the apps you choose will be locked until the next day（到达限额后，你选择的应用将被锁定到第二天），D 项与此完全一致；A、B、C 三项文中均未提及，故选 D。
4.B：第四段中 Wang Hui 把屏幕时间从五小时减到一个半小时后说 My grades have improved, too（我的成绩也提高了），可推知减少屏幕时间后他的学业在进步，B 项正确；他每天仍用一个半小时手机，A 项“完全放弃手机”错误，故选 B。
5.A：末段说 such apps are only tools. The real change comes from self-discipline（这类应用只是工具，真正的改变来自自律），并建议多做运动、读书和面对面交流，即通过自律和健康活动改变自己，A 项是对该段建议的概括，B、C、D 三项均与专家观点相悖，故选 A。
6.B：第一段说 an avatar — a picture that stands for you in the digital world（头像是在数字世界中代表你的图片），B 项“在数字世界中代表你的图片”是原句的同义表达，故选 B。
7.C：第二段研究结果表明选明亮笑脸头像的人更外向、选暗色头像的人更安静，并总结 Researchers believe that people express themselves through the pictures they pick（人们通过所选的图片表达自己），C 项“人们常通过头像表达自己”是对研究发现的概括；A、D 与“许多志愿者会随心情换头像”矛盾，B 与研究结论相反，故选 C。
8.A：第三段说 With an avatar, you can chat online without showing your real face, so strangers cannot easily find out who you are（用头像在线聊天时不必露出真脸，陌生人难以认出你），A 项正是头像能保护隐私的原因；B、C、D 三项均无依据，故选 A。
9.B：第三段转折词 However 后提到 Some people hide behind friendly avatars to cheat others（有人躲在友好的头像后面欺骗他人），并说可爱的头像不一定代表背后的人诚实，B 项与之对应，这正是作者指出的风险，故选 B。
10.D：末段说 a person's real character is shown by what he or she does, both online and offline, and never trust strangers too quickly just because of a lovely picture（一个人的真实品格体现在其言行上，不要仅凭可爱的头像轻信陌生人），即要通过行动而非头像判断一个人，D 项是对作者建议的准确概括；A、B、C 三项均与文意相悖，故选 D。

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