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高中英语北师大版 2019 必修第二册 Unit 5 Humans and Nature习题
一、单词拼写
1.The weather report says a heavy __________ (暴风雨) is coming tonight, so all fishing boats must return to the harbour.
2.A huge __________ (海浪) hit the ship and washed two sailors into the sea.
3.The old fisherman told us a story about a ship that was pulled into a __________ (漩涡).
4.The professional team arrived quickly and carried out a difficult __________ (营救) in the mountains.
5.It took great __________ (勇气) for the young man to jump into the cold river to save the child.
6.With hard work and __________ (决心), Scott's team pushed on towards the South Pole.
7.In winter, the __________ (温度) in the Antarctic can fall to minus sixty degrees.
8.After three days of heavy rain, the river rose and the village was in __________ (洪水).
9.Many buildings fell down in the __________ (地震), and workers dug through the night to look for people under the stones.
10.The captain stayed calm and led the sailors through the __________ (灾难).
二、词性转化
1.compete (v.) → __________ (n.) 竞争
2.compete (v.) → __________ (n.) 竞争者
3.explore (v.) → __________ (n.) 探险者
4.survive (v.) → __________ (n.) 生存；幸存
5.freeze (v.) → __________ (adj.) 严寒的
6.danger (n.) → __________ (adj.) 危险的
7.nature (n.) → __________ (adj.) 自然的
8.power (n.) → __________ (adj.) 强大的
9.amaze (v.) → __________ (adj.) 令人惊叹的
10.determine (v.) → __________ (adj.) 坚定的
三、选词填空（从下列所给词中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空）
brave, float, escape, protect, injured, supplies, teamwork, calm
1.The ship sank quickly, but the sailors held on to a wooden box and managed to __________ on the sea until a passing boat found them.
2.When the fire started, the students left the classroom in an orderly way and __________ from the building safely.
3.Wearing a life jacket can __________ you from the cold water when you fall into the sea.
4.Two climbers were __________ in the storm, so a helicopter took them to hospital at once.
5.Before setting off for the South Pole, the explorers packed enough food and __________ to last three months.
6.No single person could win the race; success came from years of __________ among the team members.
7.It was __________ of the young fireman to rush into the burning house to save the baby.
8.Although the waves were high, the captain stayed __________ and gave clear orders.
四、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Last August, sixteen-year-old Jack went sailing alone off the coast. When he left the harbour in the morning, the sky was clear and the sea was calm. 1________ Within half an hour, dark clouds covered the sun and huge waves began to hit his small boat.
Jack turned the boat and tried to sail back, but the wind was far too strong. The sail tore, and water poured in over the sides. 2________ When the boat finally turned over, Jack fell into the icy water. He managed to hold on to a piece of floating wood and called for help, but no one could hear him.
Luckily, a professional rescue team was on duty at the coast guard station that day. As soon as the storm warning came, they started their boat and headed out to sea. 3________ The rain was heavy and the waves were high, but the captain refused to give up.
After nearly an hour, one of the rescuers spotted something white among the waves. It was Jack, cold and tired, still holding on to the wood. They pulled him aboard and covered him with warm blankets. 4________ On the way back to the shore, one rescuer stayed beside him, talking to him all the time to keep him awake.
At the hospital, the doctor told Jack's parents that their son was a very lucky boy. 5________ "The sea is powerful, and nature does not forgive carelessness," the team leader said later. "But with courage, quick action and good teamwork, we can win the fight against it."
A. However, the weather at sea can change very quickly.
B. If the rescue team had arrived even twenty minutes later, he might not have survived.
C. Soon he lost control of the boat completely.
D. They also gave him a hot drink to help him get warm.
E. The heavy rain made it impossible for them to see anything at all.
F. Jack had learned to swim when he was only five years old.
G. They searched the rough water carefully, using a powerful light to look through the darkness.
五、阅读理解
（一）
In the summer of 1910, two teams set out on one of the greatest races in history. The Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen and the British captain Robert Scott both planned to reach the South Pole. No human being had ever stood there before, and both men wanted to be the first.
Amundsen's team travelled with sledges pulled by dogs. The dogs were strong, and the drivers knew how to move quickly across the ice. Amundsen also chose a shorter, but less well-known, route to the pole. Scott, however, took ponies and motor sledges. The machines broke down in the extreme cold, and the ponies sank into the snow. In the end, Scott's men had to pull the heavy sledges themselves.
On 14 December 1911, Amundsen's team reached the South Pole and planted the Norwegian flag. Thirty-four days later, on 17 January 1912, Scott's tired team arrived and found the flag already flying. On their return journey, the weather turned worse. Food was running out, and temperatures fell far below normal. One by one, Scott and his four companions died in the snow.
Scott's last diary entry, written in a tent with almost no food left, showed his courage until the end: "It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more." Today, both men are remembered — Amundsen for his careful planning, and Scott for his determination and bravery in the face of nature's power.
1.Why did Scott's men have to pull the heavy sledges themselves
A. The dogs refused to move on the ice.
B. The motor sledges broke down and the ponies sank into the snow.
C. They wanted to save food for the return journey.
D. The route to the pole was too short for animals.
2.How many days after Amundsen did Scott's team reach the South Pole
A. 14.
B. 24.
C. 34.
D. 44.
3.What can we infer about Amundsen
A. He was lucky to find a shorter route.
B. He depended on good luck during the journey.
C. He cared little about his team members.
D. He succeeded because of careful preparation.
4.What happened to Scott's team on their return journey
A. They met Amundsen's team and turned back.
B. They ran out of food in extremely cold weather.
C. They were rescued by a passing ship.
D. They gave up and stayed at the pole.
5.Which is the best title for the text
A. The Race to the South Pole
B. The Life of Norwegian Dogs
C. Dangers of the Antarctic Winter
D. How to Use Motor Sledges
（二）
When the earthquake hit the small town at 4:17 in the early morning, most people, including sixteen-year-old Li Hua, were fast asleep in their homes. The bed shook so hard that he fell to the floor. Lights went out at once, and walls began to crack. Outside, people were shouting in the dark.
Li Hua's family lived on the sixth floor, and the stairs were already blocked by broken pieces. They had no way to get down. His father used a wet towel to cover their mouths because dust filled the air, and the family waited near the strongest wall, just as they had learned in school safety lessons.
Twenty minutes later, they heard a loud knock. It was the town's professional rescue team. The members wore orange clothes and carried special tools that could cut through concrete. "Don't move. We're coming from the window," a voice said. Within half an hour, the team made a hole in the wall and led the family out one by one.
By sunrise, the team had saved more than forty people. Some members had not slept for two days, but they kept working through the piles of broken buildings. "Every minute matters after a disaster," the team leader said. "If we move faster, more people will survive." His words explain why rescue workers train day after day — and why the whole town calls them the bravest people they know.
6.What was Li Hua doing when the earthquake happened
A. He was sleeping.
B. He was calling for help outside.
C. He was covering his mouth with a towel.
D. He was running down the stairs.
7.Why did Li Hua's father cover their mouths with a wet towel
A. Because the weather was terribly cold.
B. Because the family wanted to hide from danger.
C. Because the air was full of dust.
D. Because the walls were giving off smoke.
8.How did the rescue team lead the family out
A. Through the broken stairs.
B. Through a hole in the wall.
C. Through the window of another room.
D. Through the roof of the building.
9.What can we infer about the rescue team
A. They came from another city.
B. They had never dealt with an earthquake before.
C. They planned to leave at sunrise.
D. They work hard because time matters in saving lives.
10.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. A Terrible Night in the Town
B. Lessons from School Safety Classes
C. The Bravest People in Town
D. How to Survive an Earthquake
习题答案解析
一、单词拼写
1.“暴风雨”，storm 作可数名词，a heavy storm 修饰语 a heavy 后接名词，故填 storm。
2.“海浪”，wave 作可数名词，A huge 后接单数名词作主语，故填 wave。
3.“漩涡”，whirlpool 作可数名词，a 后接单数名词作介词 into 的宾语，故填 whirlpool。
4.“营救”，rescue 作可数名词，a difficult 后接名词作 carried out 的宾语，故填 rescue。
5.“勇气”，courage 作不可数名词，great 后接不可数名词作 took 的宾语，故填 courage。
6.“决心”，determination 作不可数名词，与 hard work 并列作 with 的宾语，故填 determination。
7.“温度”，temperature 作名词，the 后接名词作主语，故填 temperature。
8.“洪水”，flood 作名词，be in flood 为固定搭配，意为“（河流）泛滥”，故填 flood。
9.“地震”，earthquake 作可数名词，the 后接名词作介词 in 的宾语，故填 earthquake。
10.“灾难”，disaster 作可数名词，the 后接单数名词作介词 through 的宾语，故填 disaster。
二、词性转化
1.compete 动词“竞争”，名词形式是 competition，意为“竞争；比赛”，如：take part in the competition（参加比赛）。
2.compete 动词“竞争”，指人时名词形式是 competitor，意为“竞争者”，如：a strong competitor（一位强劲的竞争者）。
3.explore 动词“探险；探索”，指人时名词形式是 explorer，意为“探险者”，如：a polar explorer（一位极地探险者）。
4.survive 动词“幸存”，名词形式是 survival，意为“生存；幸存”，如：the survival of the sailors（水手们的幸存）。
5.freeze 动词“结冰；冻住”，形容词形式是 freezing，意为“严寒的”，如：freezing cold water（冰冷刺骨的水）。
6.danger 名词“危险”，形容词形式是 dangerous，意为“危险的”，如：a dangerous journey（一段危险的旅程）。
7.nature 名词“自然”，形容词形式是 natural，意为“自然的”，如：natural disasters（自然灾害）。
8.power 名词“力量”，形容词形式是 powerful，意为“强大的”，如：a powerful storm（一场强大的风暴）。
9.amaze 动词“使惊奇”，说明事物特征时形容词形式是 amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”，如：an amazing rescue（一次令人惊叹的营救）。
10.determine 动词“决定”，说明人的品质时形容词形式是 determined，意为“坚定的”，如：a determined explorer（一位坚定的探险者）。
三、选词填空
1.“漂浮”，manage to do sth 后接动词原形，float 意为“漂浮”，故填 float。
2.“逃离”，本句描述已发生的事情，用一般过去时，escape 意为“逃离”，故填 escaped。
3.“保护”，can 后接动词原形，protect...from... 意为“保护……免受……”，故填 protect。
4.“受伤的”，be injured 意为“受伤”，作谓语的一部分，故填 injured。
5.supply 意为“补给品”时是可数名词，常用复数形式，与 food 并列作 packed 的宾语，故填 supplies。
6.“团队合作”，of 后接名词，teamwork 作不可数名词，故填 teamwork。
7.“勇敢的”，It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth 结构中用形容词，brave 意为“勇敢的”，故填 brave。
8.“镇定的”，stayed 此处为系动词，后接形容词作表语，calm 意为“镇定的”，故填 calm。
四、七选五
1.A：首段先写出发时“天晴海面平静”，空格后写“乌云遮日、巨浪拍船”，此处需要一个由顺转逆的过渡句，A 选项“然而，海上的天气变化非常快”承上启下，故选 A。
2.C：空格前写“风太大、帆破、海水涌进船里”，空格后写“船最终翻了”，C 选项“很快他完全失去了对船的控制”恰好衔接船失控与翻船两个情节，故选 C。
3.G：本段写救援队接到风暴警报后出海搜救，空格后写“雨大浪高但队长拒绝放弃”，G 选项“他们借助强光灯在汹涌的水面上仔细搜寻”与搜救细节一致，故选 G。
4.D：空格前写“把杰克拉上船并盖上暖毯”，D 选项“他们还给了他一杯热饮帮他取暖”延续保暖细节，与空格后“一路和他说话保持清醒”并列，故选 D。
5.B：空格前医生说杰克“非常幸运”，B 选项“如果救援队晚到二十分钟，他可能就无法生还”用虚拟语气解释了“幸运”的具体含义，并与下文队长的话呼应，故选 B。
五、阅读理解
1.B：第二段明确写道“the machines broke down in the extreme cold, and the ponies sank into the snow. In the end, Scott's men had to pull the heavy sledges themselves”，机动雪橇故障、矮种马陷入雪中迫使队员自己拉雪橇，故选 B。
2.C：第三段写阿蒙森队于 1911 年 12 月 14 日抵达南极点，“Thirty-four days later, on 17 January 1912”斯科特队才到达，即晚了 34 天，故选 C。
3.D：第二段写阿蒙森选用强壮的狗拉雪橇、熟悉冰面行进、选择更短的路线，末段又说他被铭记是因为“his careful planning”，可推断他的成功源于周密的准备而非运气，故选 D。
4.B：第三段写返程中“Food was running out, and temperatures fell far below normal. One by one, Scott and his four companions died”，即食物耗尽、气温极低，故选 B。
5.A：全文围绕阿蒙森与斯科特两个团队争夺首达南极点展开，从出发准备到最终结局，A 选项“The Race to the South Pole”最能概括主旨；B、C、D 只是局部细节，故选 A。
6.A：第一段首句“When the earthquake hit the small town at 4:17 in the morning, Li Hua was asleep”，地震发生时李华正在睡觉，故选 A。
7.C：第二段明确写道“His father used a wet towel to cover their mouths because dust filled the air”，用湿毛巾捂住口鼻是因为空气中满是灰尘，故选 C。
8.B：第三段末句“the team made a hole in the wall and led the family out one by one”，救援队是在墙上凿洞把一家人逐一带出的，故选 B。
9.D：末段队长说“Every minute matters after a disaster. If we move faster, more people will survive”，且队员两天没睡仍持续工作，可推断他们拼命工作是因为救援中时间就是生命，故选 D。
10.C：全文围绕专业救援队地震中救出李华一家及四十多人展开，末句“the whole town calls them the bravest people they know”点明主旨，C 选项“The Bravest People in Town”最贴切；A、B 只是细节，D 侧重方法说教，故选 C。

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