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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Section A Grammar (4a-4d)语言点精讲精练
I．语言点精讲
1. After a long time, Baby Fox heard a familiar cry nearby.过了许久，小狐狸听见近处传来一阵熟悉的叫声。
1)感官动词 hear 的用法 本句结构：hear + 名词（宾语），含义为 “听见……”
① hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事（听见动作完整的全过程）
② hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事（听见动作处在进行状态）
2)形容词 familiar /f m li (r)/ 核心考点 adj. 熟悉的
(1) be familiar with sth. 主语是人，表 “某人熟悉某物”
(2) be familiar to sb. 主语是事物，表 “某物为某人所熟知”
3)副词 nearby 既可作副词，也可作形容词 a nearby shop = a shop nearby（附近的店铺）
过了许久，他听见附近传来熟悉的脚步声。
After a long time, he heard familiar footsteps nearby.
2.He wondered what happened to his mother, but he was too afraid to look back.他很想知道妈妈发生了什么事，可他实在太害怕了，不敢回头看。
1)主语 + wonder/wondered + wh - 引导的宾语从句（陈述语序）
wonder v. 想知道、心中疑惑，后接由 what /why/where 等引导的宾语从句；
从句必须用陈述句语序，不用疑问语序。
2) happen to sb. 某人发生（不幸的）事
3)too…to… 太…… 而不能……
我想知道小猫发生了什么，但我太胆小不敢独自去找它。
I wonder what happened to the kitten, but I am too shy to look for it alone.
3.It reminded him of his mother.这让他想起了自己的妈妈。
remind sb. of sth./sb. 使某人想起某物 / 某人
句式结构：主语 + remind/reminded + 人 + of + 事物 / 人物
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人去做某事
remind sb. of sth./sb. 使某人想起……
请提醒我明天给妈妈打电话。
Please remind me to call my mother tomorrow.
甜甜的葡萄让小狐狸想起了妈妈。
The sweet grapes reminded the baby fox of his mother.
4. When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth, she shouted out to warn her baby of danger狐狸妈妈嘴里叼着葡萄走在回家路上时，她大声呼喊，提醒孩子有危险。
1)on one's way home 在某人回家的路上 on one's way to + 地点名词 在去…… 的路上 （home/there/here 是副词，前面不加 to）
2)with 的复合结构：在句中作伴随状语，表 “带着 / 拿着某物……” with grapes in her mouth 嘴里叼着葡萄（伴随妈妈走路的状态）
3)warn sb. of sth. 警告 / 提醒某人提防某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不要）做某事
当我背着书包走在回家路上时，我大声呼喊，提醒同伴小心水坑。
When I was on my way home with a schoolbag on my back, I shouted out to warn my partner of puddles.
5.It is hard to believe that such a talent also failed exams in school, but that was true for him.很难相信这样一位天才上学时也曾考试失利，但这发生在他身上是真的。
1)It is + adj. + to do sth. 形式主语句型
It 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式 to believe；that 引导宾语从句，作 believe 的宾语。结构：It is hard to do that… 很难相信……
such a/an + 单数名词 如此一个…… such a talent 如此一位天才
fail exams 考试不及格、考试失利 fail + 科目 / 考试，表示 “考试没通过”
令人惊讶的是这么小的孩子懂得这么多。
It is surprising that such a little kid knows so much.
Pardon me, where can I get a bus to the airport
打扰一下，我在哪里可以乘坐去机场的公交车？
pardon / pɑ dn/ v. 原谅　interj. 请再说一遍；抱歉
(1)[及物动词]原谅
pardon sb. for (doing) sth.原谅某人(做)某事
Pardon me for saying so, but you don’t look well.
请原谅我这么说,不过你看上去气色不太好。
(2)[感叹词]请再说一遍
常用于表示没有听清楚或不理解对方所说的内容，请求对方再重复一遍，语气比较委婉，读时用升调。“Pardon ”相当于“I beg your pardon ”或“Pardon me ”, 意为“什么,请再说一遍”。
—Pardon I didn’t catch what you said.请再说一遍，我没听清你说的话。
—I said we should go earlier.我说我们应该早点儿去。
(3)[感叹词]抱歉；对不起
也可说pardon me，是无意中碰到某人或打断某人说话时的礼貌用语。
Oh, pardon me, I didn’t mean to disturb you.噢，对不起，我不是有意要打扰你。
7.He felt sad when he recalled what happened.
当他回想起发生的事情时，他感到很难过。
recall /r k l/ v. 回忆起；回想起
由“re-(前缀)+ call”构成，不可用于进行时，其后可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式或从句等作宾语。
She can recall the story clearly.她能清楚地回忆起这个故事。
I recalled meeting her before. 我想起以前见过她。
I can’t recall what he said at the meeting. 我想不起来他在会上说什么了。
II．语言点精练
一、单词默写。
1.___________ n. 歌剧；歌剧团 2.___________ n. 野餐
3.___________ v. 原谅 interj.请再说一遍；抱歉 4.___________ n. 枪声
5.___________ adj. 成年的 6.___________ v. 回忆起；回想起
7.___________ n. 葡萄藤；葡萄树
二、用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空。
opera picnic pardon recall grown-up
1. She wants to buy a ticket to watch an ________ this weekend.
2. We plan to have a ________ by the lake on sunny days.
3. ________ me, could you tell me where the bus station is
4. I can’t ________ where I put my opera ticket.
5. When you become a ________, you will face more problems.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 我无法理解她正在经历的一切，这件事让我十分难过。
It was sad of me ________ ________ what she’s going through.
2. 她记不清自己把歌剧票放在哪里了，这点十分困扰她。
It troubled her ________ she ________ remember where she put the opera ticket.
3. 鲍勃不知道是谁拿走了他的钱包，这件事很奇怪。
It is strange ________ Bob ________ who took his wallet.
4. 你能告诉我为什么忘记单词很容易吗？
Could you tell me ________ it easy ________ forget a word
5. 我不明白他为什么没有邀请他去野餐。
I do not understand ________ he ________ him to the picnic.
四、语法填空。阅读下面材料，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。
A bird went to look for happiness. On the way, she saw 　　　1　　　 flower. The flower was short of water, but his face was full of smile. The bird asked the little flower. “You’re going 　　　2　　　 (lose) your life. Why are you still so happy ” “Because my dream will come true,” said the little flower. “What is it ” the bird asked. “To get sweet fruit.” Then the bird got to know happiness is a hope in the heart.
The little bird 　　　3　　　 (keep) flying, and then she saw a disabled (残疾的) duck. The duck was singing a song 　　　4　　　 (happy). She asked the duck. “Life is so unfair for you. Why don’t you feel sad ” “Because just now I saw a little duck fall down. I helped him 　　　5　　　 (stand) up again.” said the duck. Then the bird suddenly learned happiness is a love 　　　6　　　 the heart.
The bird went on flying. Next she saw a spider (蜘蛛) falling off a wet wall, 　　　7　　　 he didn’t give up. The bird asked. “You failed again and again. Why is a joy still on your face ” “As long as I kept on 　　　8　　　 (climb), I will climb over the wall one day,” said the spider. The bird understood happiness is a faith (信念) in the heart.
So the bird no longer looked for happiness, because she 　　　9　　　 (final) knew that the true happiness is in 　　　10　　　 (she) own heart.
五、完形填空
Memory is one of the most important abilities we have. It helps us 1 our past experiences and learn from them. Without memory, we wouldn’t be able to 2 who we are or where we come from.
There are different 3 of memory. Short-term memory holds information for a short period of time, while long-term memory can 4 information for many years. Scientists believe that we can 5 our memory through practice and proper training.
One effective way to improve memory is to 6 new information with what we already know. For example, if you are learning a new word, try to 7 it to something familiar. Another way is to 8 the information regularly. Reviewing what you have learned helps move it from short-term memory to long-term memory.
It is also important to get enough sleep and exercise. These activities help keep our brain 9 and our memory sharp. Remember, a good memory is not something you are born with—it is something you can 10 .
1．A．forget B．remember C．describe D．connect
2．A．remind B．remember C．know D．forget
3．A．positions B．details C．types D．abilities
4．A．lose B．store C．forget D．describe
5．A．improve B．reduce C．lose D．forget
6．A．connect B．separate C．remind D．describe
7．A．connect B．remind C．relate D．remember
8．A．review B．forget C．avoid D．ignore
9．A．sad B．healthy C．tired D．weak
10．A．lose B．forget C．develop D．describe
六、七选五。
Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. Recently, the US carried out similar research. 1____
Creating an interest in what they learn
If you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. For example, if they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English. 2__
Practising and learning from mistakes
Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it if you don’t use it. 3 And they are not afraid of making mistakes.
Developing their study skills
4 Good learners know the best way they can study. For example, they take notes by writing key words, or draw mind maps to organize ideas. These skills help them remember better and learn more effectively.
5__
Good learners often ask questions in or after class. They aren’t afraid when they don’t understand something. They know knowledge doesn’t just come from listening quietly-asking questions helps them clear up doubts and learn better.
Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well.
A．Asking questions
B．This way they will not get bored.
C．It is not enough to just study hard.
D．They prefer to study alone without any help.
E．Good learners never make any mistakes in their study.
F．Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned.
G．It shows successful learners have some good habits in common
七、阅读理解
Memory Training for Students
Now many students feel worried because they cannot memorize knowledge well. A lot of people believe memory is fixed from birth, but memory scientists say we can train our brain step by step with simple daily methods.
To start with, you need to change your learning mindset. Many students only memorize for exams and throw away knowledge after tests. This habit makes your short-term memory run out fast. You should aim to build long-term memory for lifelong study.
Here are three practical training strategies. First, make good use of linking chains. When you learn new words or rules, connect them with things you already know, just like building a chain. Second, divide long texts into small parts and make outlines before reciting. If you try to memorize a whole passage at once, you will easily mix up its content. Third, use different senses to remember information: draw mind maps, listen to audio recordings or imagine clear pictures in your mind.
Besides study skills, living habits are also important. Regular exercise can boost blood flow to your brain. Enough sleep helps your brain sort memories at night. If you stay tired every day, your memory ability will drop quickly.
Many students have tried these training ways and got clear progress. It proves that memory is not a born gift. As long as you stick to scientific training and good living habits, you will have much better memory.
1．What wrong idea do many students have about memory
A．Memory can be trained day by day.
B．People’s memory is fixed when they are born.
C．Long-term memory is more useful.
D．Linking knowledge helps memorization.
2．What bad memory habit do lots of students have
A．Review knowledge every several days.
B．Only memorize for exams and forget later.
C．Use mind maps to organize knowledge.
D．Link new and old knowledge together.
3．What does the “linking chain” memory method mean
A．Separate new knowledge completely.
B．Connect new knowledge with known things.
C．Recite the whole text without dividing.
D．Only use eyes to read learning materials.
4．Which of the following habits is good for memory
A．Staying up late every night.
B．Taking regular exercise.
C．Studying for 6 hours without breaks.
D．Memorizing passages all at once.
5．What is the writer’s opinion about memory
A．Good memory is only a natural born gift.
B．We can improve memory through scientific training.
C．Short-term memory is useless for students.
D．Living habits have no influence on memory.
八、选词填空。用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全短文(每词限用一次)
react mind recall increase stable recognize retell allow special use
In September, Chengdu Shu De Experimental Middle School in Sichuan held a(n) 1 activity. To start with, teachers asked students to share the stories of their family heirlooms (传家宝). Over 300 students 2 actively, bringing their heirlooms to school and 3 the history behind them.
One student, 14-year-old Song Zhengchen, shared his family’s heirloom—a cassette player. His grandmother bought it in the 1980s to listen to news and operas. Later, his mother 4 it to play music tapes. When Song was young, she would play ancient poems for him. “We still keep it because it holds our family memories,” Song said, keeping his mother’s words in 5 .
Another student, Xiao Yao, also 14, won first prize. Her heirlooms are some old food coupons from her grandmother. These coupons were used when food was scarce (缺乏的). At that time, families could only buy a(n) 6 amount of food each month, and buying rice also required a coupon. Xiao’s grandmother 7 how they sometimes ran out of food. Xiao was moved by these stories. “My grandma wants me to be thankful for what we have today,” she explained.
The heirlooms 8 students to connect with their family’s past. Through these stories, the school hopes students will 9 their family history and work hard for a better future. Discussing the past can help 10 people’s happiness and build a better tomorrow.
II. 语言点精练参考答案
一、单词默写
【答案】opera; picnic; pardon; gunshot; grown-up; recall; grapevine
二、用方框内所给词或短语的适当形式填空。
【答案】1．opera 2．picnic 3．Pardon 4．recall 5．grown-up
【解析】
1．opera 句意：这周末她想买一张票去看一场歌剧。不定冠词an后面接单数名词，opera意为“歌剧”。故填opera。
2．picnic 句意：晴天我们计划在湖边野餐。固定搭配have a picnic表示“野餐”，使用名词单数。故填picnic。
3．Pardon 句意：打扰一下，你能告诉我公交车站在哪里吗？pardon me为固定表达，意为“打扰一下；请再说一遍”，句首首字母大写。故填Pardon。
4．recall 句意：我回忆不起把歌剧票放在哪里了。情态动词can’t后接动词原形，recall意为“回忆起；回想起”。故填recall。
5．grown-up 句意：当你成为成年人，你将会面对更多难题。不定冠词a后接单数名词，grown-up意为“成年人”。故填grown-up。
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
【答案】1. to understand 2. that; can’t 3. that; doesn’t know 4. why is; to 5. why; didn’t invite
四、语法填空
【答案】1. a 2. to lose 3. kept 4. happily 5. stand##to stand 6. in 7. but 8. climbing 9. finally 10. her
【解析】本文主要讲述了一只小鸟寻找幸福的过程，通过与小花、残疾鸭子和蜘蛛的对话，最终明白真正的幸福存在于自己的心中。
(1)题： 句意：在路上，她看到一朵花。根据“On the way, she saw...flower”可知，此处泛指“一朵花”，且flower以辅音音素开头，故填a。
(2)题： 句意：你快要失去生命了，为什么还这么开心？lose“失去”。be going to do sth.“即将做某事”，故此处应用动词不定式to lose，故填to lose。
(3)题： 句意：这只小鸟继续飞着，然后她看到了一只残疾的鸭子。keep“保持”。根据“The little bird...flying, and then she saw a disabled (残疾的) duck. ”以及文章整体是一般过去时的语境可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故此处应用动词的过去式kept，故填kept。
(4)题： 句意：这只鸭子正在开心地唱着一首歌。happy“开心的”。根据“The duck was singing a song...” 可知，鸭子应是开心地唱歌，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词 singing，happy的副词形式是happily，故填happily。
(5)题： 句意：我帮助他又重新站了起来。stand“站立”。根据“I helped him...up again.”可知，help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，故填stand/to stand。
(6)题： 句意：然后这只小鸟突然明白了幸福是心中的一份爱。根据“Then the bird suddenly learned happiness is a love... the heart.”以及前文“Then the bird got to know happiness is a hope in the heart.”可知，此处表达同样的“在心中”的意思，in“在……里面”，故填in。
(7)题： 句意：接下来她看到一只蜘蛛从潮湿的墙上掉下来，但是他没有放弃。根据“Next she saw a spider (蜘蛛) falling off a wet wall,... he didn’t give up.”可知，前半句说蜘蛛掉下来，后半句说没有放弃，前后存在转折关系，所以用转折连词but“但是”连接两个句子，故填but。
(8)题： 句意：只要我继续攀爬，总有一天我会爬过这面墙。climb“攀爬”。根据“As long as I kept on...I will climb over the wall one day,”可知，keep on doing sth.“继续做某事；坚持做某事”，故此处应用动名词形式climbing，故填climbing。
(9)题： 句意：所以这只小鸟不再寻找幸福了，因为她最终知道了真正的幸福就在她自己的心里。final“最终的”。根据“because she...knew that...”可知，应是最终知道，故这里需要一个副词来修饰动词knew，final的副词形式是finally，故填finally。
(10)题： 句意：所以这只小鸟不再寻找幸福了，因为她最终知道了真正的幸福就在她自己的心里。she“她”。根据“the true happiness is in...own heart.”可知，这里需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰名词heart，she的形容词性物主代词是 her，her own heart表示“她自己的心里”，故填her。
五、完形填空
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文介绍了记忆的重要性、种类以及通过练习、联系已知信息和定期复习等方法来改善记忆力的建议。
1．句意：它帮助我们记住过去的经历并从中学习。
记忆的功能是帮助人们记住过往经历，remember“记住”符合语境。
2．句意：没有记忆，我们将无法知道我们是谁或来自哪里。
此处表达对自身身份的认知，用know“知道”更贴切。remember侧重“记起具体内容”，不如know贴合逻辑。
3．句意：有不同种类的记忆。
后文紧接着介绍了短期记忆、长期记忆两类不同的记忆，因此此处指不同种类的记忆，types“种类”符合语境。
4．句意：短时记忆只能短暂储存信息，而长时记忆可以储存信息多年。
长时记忆的特点是可以把信息储存很多年，store“储存”符合语境。
5．句意：科学家认为，我们可以通过练习和合理训练来提升记忆力。
结合后文“through practice and proper training”，能推断这里是说我们可以通过训练提升记忆力，improve“提升”符合逻辑。
6．句意：提升记忆力的一个有效方法，是把新信息和我们已知的内容关联起来。
固定搭配connect...with...表示“把……和……联系起来”，此处指把新信息和已有的旧信息联系起来。
7．句意：例如，当你学习一个新单词时，试着把它和熟悉的事物联系起来。
固定搭配relate...to...表示“把……与……建立关联”，此处指把新单词与熟悉的事物建立关联。
8．句意：另一种方法是定期复习信息。
根据后文“Reviewing what you have learned...”可知，这里的方法是定期复习信息，review“复习”与后文呼应。
9．句意：这些活动帮助保持大脑健康且记忆敏锐。
前文提到充足的睡眠和运动，它们的作用是让大脑保持健康，healthy“健康的”符合语境。
10．句意：记住，好的记忆不是天生的，而是你可以培养的。
前文说好记性不是天生的，对应的就是它是可以后天培养、锻炼出来的能力，develop“发展，培养”符合逻辑。
六、七选五
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．F 4．C 5．A
【导语】本文介绍了成功学习者所具备的一些良好学习习惯，包括对所学内容产生兴趣、练习并从错误中学习、培养学习技巧以及提问等。
1．根据“Everyone is born with the ability to learn. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits. Recently, the US carried out a similar research.”可知，短文开篇提出学习能力取决于学习习惯，随后提到美国开展了类似研究，接下来应是说明研究的结果。选项G“它表明成功的学习者有一些共同的良好习惯”，承接了前文的研究，引出下文对良好学习习惯的具体介绍，符合语境。故选G。
2．根据“If you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. For example, if they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English.”可知，前文提出对所学内容产生兴趣的重要性，并举例说明学习英语可结合音乐或体育爱好，接下来应是说明这种方式的好处。选项B“这样他们就不会感到无聊”，符合前文举例的逻辑，体现了结合兴趣学习的优势，符合语境。故选B。
3．根据“Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it if you don't use it.”可知，前文强调良好学习者重视练习，且学过的知识不使用就会遗忘，接下来应是进一步说明良好学习者在练习方面的做法。选项F“良好的学习者会持续练习他们所学的内容”，承接了前文关于练习的观点，符合语境。故选F。
4．根据“Developing their study skills”及“Good learners know the best way they can study.”可知，该段主题是培养学习技巧，后文提到良好学习者知道最佳学习方式，此处应是引出培养学习技巧的必要性。选项C“仅仅努力学习是不够的”，暗示还需要掌握正确的学习技巧，衔接了主题与后文内容，符合语境。故选C。
5．根据“Good learners often ask questions in or after class. They aren't afraid when they don't understand something. They know knowledge doesn't just come from listening quietly-asking questions helps them clear up doubts and learn better.”可知，该段围绕良好学习者爱提问展开，介绍了提问的时间、态度及好处，因此空格处应是概括该段主题的句子。选项A“提问”，准确概括了段落核心内容，符合语境。故选A。
七、阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文介绍了很多学生苦恼记忆力差，有人认为记忆力天生固定，但科学家表示记忆力可以训练。文章介绍转变学习心态、三种记忆方法以及良好生活习惯的重要性，证明坚持科学训练和良好习惯能够有效提升记忆力。
【详解】1．第一段“A lot of people believe memory is fixed from birth, but memory scientists say we can train our brain step by step with simple daily methods.”说明很多人误以为记忆力天生固定不变。
2．第二段“Many students only memorize for exams and throw away knowledge after tests.”说明许多学生只为考试背诵，考完就遗忘知识。
3．第三段“First, make good use of linking chains. When you learn new words or rules, connect them with things you already know, just like building a chain.”说明该方法是把新知识和已知事物建立联系。
4．第四段“Regular exercise can boost blood flow to your brain.”说明规律运动有助于促进大脑供血，是好的习惯。
5．最后一段“As long as you stick to scientific training and good living habits, you will have much better memory.”说明我们可以依靠科学训练提升记忆力。
八、选词填空
【答案】
1．special 2．reacted 3．retelling 4．used 5．mind 6．stable 7．recalled 8．allow 9．recognize 10．increase
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了成都树德实验中学举办的一次特别活动，学生们通过分享传家宝及其背后的故事，加深了对家族历史的认识，并从中获得感恩与奋进的动力。
1．句意：今年九月，四川成都树德实验中学举办了一次特别的活动。此处修饰名词activity，需用形容词，根据下文描述活动内容为分享传家宝故事，可知这是一次“特别的”活动，special意为“特别的”，符合语境。
2．句意：超过300名学生积极回应，把传家宝带到学校，并讲述它们背后的历史。句子缺少谓语动词，根据“Over 300 students ... actively”可知学生作出“回应”，react意为“作出反应、响应”，且描述过去事实，用过去式reacted。
3．句意：超过300名学生积极回应，把传家宝带到学校，并讲述它们背后的历史。本句是指“讲述”传家宝背后历史，retell意为“讲述”，符合语境。and并列两个现在分词作伴随状语，空格处与前面的bringing保持形式一致，用现在分词 retelling。
4．句意：后来，他的母亲用它来播放音乐磁带。根据“play music tapes”可知母亲“使用”播放器，use符合，且描述过去动作，用过去式 used。
5．句意：“我们一直留着它，是因为这里承载着我们一家人的回忆。” 宋一边说着，一边牢记着母亲说过的话。固定搭配keep...in mind 意为“把……记在心里”，mind符合。
6．句意：那时，每个家庭每个月只能购买固定数量的食物，买大米也需要票。此处修饰名词amount，需用形容词，根据“food was scarce”可知食物有限，凭票购买意味着每月购买食物的数量是“固定的/稳定的”，stable意为“稳定的”，a stable amount指定量。
7．句意：肖的奶奶回忆起她们有时会食物耗尽的情况。句子缺少谓语动词，根据“how they sometimes ran out of food”可知奶奶“回忆”过去，recall符合，且描述过去动作，用过去式recalled。
8．句意：这些传家宝让学生们得以与家族过去建立联系。根据“The heirlooms… students to connect with their family’s past”可知传家宝“允许”学生这么做，allow sb. to do sth. 意为“允许/使某人做某事”，其余单词语义、搭配均无法填入此空，只有allow符合“物品使人们能够做某事”的逻辑，主语为复数且描述一般事实，用原形allow。
9．句意：通过这些故事，学校希望学生们能够认识到自己的家族历史，并为更美好的未来而努力。此处是指学校希望学生“认清/认识到”他们的家族历史，recognize意为“认识、了解”，符合语境，且will后接动词原形recognize。
10．句意：讨论过去有助于增加人们的幸福感，建设更美好的明天。根据“build a better tomorrow”可知讨论过去能“增加”幸福感，increase意为“增加、提升”。help (to) do sth. 意为“帮助做某事”，此处填动词原形increase。
roaden our thinking.
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Presentation
Unit4 Our Memory
Section A What do we member
Grammar Focus (4a-4d)
语法课公开课
单元主题范畴：人与自我
单元主题内容：积极的学习体验，恰当的学习方法与策略，勤学善思
(2024新版)人教版 九年级(上册)
Presentation
Learning Objectives
2.在句子合并、短文填空语境中准确选用 wh 类连接词完成习题；能口头、书面输出含 wh 引导宾语从句的复合句；读懂包含该语法的小故事，依托语篇完成语法填空，抓取文本关键信息。(学习理解，应用实践)
3.助表格、思维导图梳理 wh 型宾语从句连接词、语序、时态的用法框架，提升自主归纳语法的学习能力；结合日常校园、生活场景自主造句，运用 wh 宾语从句表达疑问、想法，实现语法知识的生活化运用。
(迁移创新)
1.通过观看视频，完成句子，能够识别不同连接词引导的宾语从句， 区分不同疑问连接词的语义与句法功能，掌握宾语从句陈述语序核心规则。(学习理解)
Presentation
Listen and fill
Listen to the video clips and complete the lyrics.
If you miss the train I’m on,
you will know________ I am gone.
that
I wonder________ you know
What it means
What it means
if
if=whether
Presentation
Look and say
主语
(Subject)
谓语
(Predicate)
宾语
(Object)
动作发出者
【指点江山，
挥斥方遒】
说明主语的动作、状态和特征
【言听计从，
执行命令】
名词 / 名词短语
代词
动词 - ing 形式（动名词）
动词不定式（to do）
句子
宾语是
= 动作的对象
Review
宾语从句(Oblect Clause)
【定义 】用来充当宾
语的句子就是宾语从
句。
Presentation
Look and say
宾语从句
时态
需要性原则
呼应性原则
特殊性原则
主句现在时，从句时态视客观需要而定 。
主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的某种时态。
表示客观事实真理或自然现象时，无论主句
什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。
主过从过
真理永一现
主现从任
Review
Presentation
Watch and fill
And how you got me blind is still a mystery.
I can't get you out of my head.
Don't care_______is written in your history ...
As long as you're here with me.
I don’t care_______you are
_______you are
_______you are
As long as you love me
what
who
where
what
What sentence element does the underlined sentence serve as
It serves as the object(宾语). 宾语从句(Oblect Clause)
Presentation
Look and say
宾语从句
引导词
1.that 在句中_________，表陈述事实，
2.在从句中_____________，
3.在非正式文体和口语中往往_________。
无词义
不充当成分
被省略
If/whether引导原句为_____________的宾语从句，
意为“______”，不能省略，一般情况下if 和 whether 可互换。I want to know if/whether the girl is a teacher.
疑问词包括___________(what; which; who; whose)
和_____________(when; how; where; why)
that
If/
whether
疑问词
一般疑问句
是否
疑问代词
疑问副词
Presentation
Look and say
that（陈述句）
if/whether（一般疑问句）
who; whom; whose; which; what; when; where; why; how(特殊疑问句)
主句为一般现在时，
从句可以是任何时态
主句为一般过去时，
从句进行相应的过去变化
客观真理，自然现象等不变
陈述语序
连接词
时态
语序
宾语从句三要素
Presentation
Look and say
Mother Fox went out to pick grapes.
The grapevine(葡萄藤） grows near his old home.
→ Fox remembered .
→ Fox noticed .
当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，引导词用that, that无词义无成分，可省略。
(that) Mother Fox went out to pick grapes
(that)the grapevine grew near his old home
Presentation
Look and say
Did Mother Fox hear the gunshots
Is the grape sweet
→ Fox wondered .
→ Fox asked .
从句为一般疑问句，用if/whether引导，意为
“是否”不可省略。
if/whether Mother Fox heard the gunshots
if/whether the grape was sweet
Presentation
Watch and learn
Presentation
Fill and say
Why did Mother Fox shout
Where did she go that day
What happened to her
I don't know...
疑问句语序
I don't know___________________
why Mother Fox shouted.
陈述句语序
I don't know_____________
where she went that day.
I don't know_____________
what happened to her.
Presentation
Look and say
How can I find the truth
Who took the grapes away
Which grape did Mother drop
I don't know...
I don't know_____________
which grape Mother dropped.
I don't know_____________
how I can find the truth.
I don't know_____________
who took the grapes away.
how to find the truth.
=
Tips：主句和从句的主语一样时，宾语从句可以用疑问词+to do 替换
Presentation
Read and circle
4a
Read the sentences. Circle the connecting words and notice the word order in the object clauses.
连接词 / 引导词
留意宾语从句中的语序。
I don’t understand what she’s going through.
I can’t remember which things you asked me to buy.
Study how they are different from each other.
Could you tell me why it is easy to forget a word
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what和连接副词where，how，why，when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中作一定成分。
宾语从句的语序要用_____________,即主语在前，谓语在后。
陈述句语序
陈述句语序
Presentation
Look and say
PART-01
宾从特殊疑问句引导词
连接代词/副词
I wonder who lives here.
由连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what
及连接副词 when, where, how, why
引导的宾语从句。
这些引导词有各自的意思，
在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。
Presentation
Look and say
PART-01
宾从特殊疑问句引导词
连接代词
疑问代词 what、who、whom、whose、which 可引导宾语从句，它们在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。
Tell me what made you sad.
I wonder what her job is.
I don’t know what he wants.
作主语
Do you know who is singing
作主语
作表语
We need to find out whose this wallet is.
作表语
作动词宾语
She asks whom you are waiting for
作介词宾语
Presentation
Look and say
PART-01
宾从特殊疑问句引导词
连接代词
疑问代词 what、who、whom、whose、which 可引导宾语从句，它们在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。
I don’t know whose pen this is.
作定语，修饰 pen
Tell me whose bag is on the desk.
作定语，修饰 bag
Could you please tell me which bus I should take
作定语，修饰bus
Could you tell me which you choose
作动词宾语
I wonder which is better.
作主语
Presentation
Look and say
PART-01
连接副词
宾从特殊疑问句引导词
疑问副词 when、where、how、why 可引导宾语从句，
它们在从句中作状语。
Could you tell me when the train leaves
作时间状语
I wonder where she lives.
作地点状语
Do you know how he solved the problem
作方式状语
She asks why you are late.
作原因状语
注意：含有宾语从句的句子的句末标点由主句的句子类型决定。
Presentation
Look and say
含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换
（1）若主句的主语和从句的主语一致，可以将疑问词引导的宾语从句转化为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。
◆ I don’t know what I should do next.
我不知道下一步应该做什么。
◆ She hasn’t decided when she will go.
她还没有决定什么时候去。
what to do
when to go
（2）若主句的谓语动词是hope、agree、wish等，且主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，可以将that引导的宾语从句转化为动词不定式结构。
◆ She hopes that she can get good grades. 她希望取得好成绩。
to get good grades
Presentation
Watch and learn
Presentation
Look and say
连接代词/副词
用合适的疑问连接词填空
I don’t know ________ we will have our school trip.
She wonders ________ girl is your new deskmate.
Can you tell me ________ you usually spend your weekend
The teacher asks ________ broke the window in the classroom.
He can’t remember ________ he put his English notebook.
I want to know ________ you refused Tom’s invitation.
Do you know ________ hat this is on the sofa
Nobody knows ________ they plan to do during the holiday.
My father asks ________ I will go to visit my grandparents.
I don’t know ________ you are calling on the phone.
when
which
how
who
where
why
whose
what
when
whom
Presentation
Look and say
PART-02
宾语从句的时态
→ Fox says (that) the grape ______ sweet.
Fox says, "The grape is sweet."
is
Rule 1:当主句是一般现在时，从句的时态 ___________________。
根据实际情况而定
Fox said, "The grapevine grows near my old home."
Fox said, "I do not understand my mother's love."
→ Fox said (that) he _________________ his mother's love.
didn’t understand
→ Fox said (that) the grapevine ___________ near his old home.
grew
Rule 2:当主句是一般过去时，从句通常也用相应的 _____________。
过去时态
Presentation
Look and say
Fox realized, "Mother loves me deeply."
The teacher told us, "Mother's love is great."
Rule3: 当从句是客观真理或事实时，从句只能用 。
一般现在时
→ Fox realized (that) Mother ______ him deeply.
loves
想强调永恒不变的爱可以用一般现在时
→ The teacher tells us (that) Mother's love ______ great.
is
“母爱伟大”为客观事实/普遍真理
PART-02
宾语从句的时态
Presentation
Look and say
PART-03
宾语从句的语序
What does linking knowledge mean
--Could you tell me ________________________
Why do we get some words mixed up
--Could you explain _____________________________
Why is riding a bike not so easy to forget
Could you tell me ____________________________________
在特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中,特殊疑问词后面的句子是______.
特殊疑问句语序
陈述语序
陈述句
what liking knowledge mean
why we get some words mixed up
why riding a bike is not so easy to forget
Presentation
Look and judge
1. I really don't know why he is so nervous.
2. My friend asked me how did I get home that night.
3. Let's discuss where will we go after our exam.
4. I don't know how I should do it next.
5. Could you please tell me where we willhave a meeting
how I went home...
where we will...
陈述语序: 引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分
I don't know what is he doing.
I don't know what he is doing.
Ironclad Rule: 无论疑问词是什么，从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后），绝对禁止使用疑问语序。
Presentation
Look and say
PART-04
宾语从句的合成
合并句子做题步骤
连接词不变：原特殊疑问（what/who/where/when/why/how/which/whose）直接当宾语从句引导词；
从句必须改成陈述语序：主语在前，谓语在后，去掉助动词 do/does/did；
时态匹配：主句过去时，从句动词变对应过去式；主句现在时，从句时态不变。
1. She cannot remember. Where did she put the opera ticket
主句
带know/tell/remember/wonder/
ask 等动词的陈述句 / 一般疑问句
步骤 1：
确定主句、从句
从句
后面的特殊疑问句（要被并入主句）
Presentation
Look and say
PART-04
宾语从句的合成
合并句子做题步骤
1. She cannot remember. Where did she put the opera ticket
步骤 1：
确定主句、从句
步骤2：
把特殊疑问词提出来，放在主句后（作连接词）
She cannot remember + where ...
She cannot remember + where she put the opera ticket
步骤3：
改写从句，改成陈述语序
Presentation
Look and say
PART-04
宾语从句的合成
合并句子做题步骤
步骤3：
改写从句，改成陈述语序
情况 A：原问句有助动词 do/does/did
删掉 do/does/did；
谓语动词还原 / 变回过去式；
主语挪到动词前面。
情况 B：原问句无 do/does/did
（be 动词 / 情态动词 /who 作主语）
主语放到 be 动词 / 情态动词前面；
疑问词在问句中本身作主语，语序完全不变。
Presentation
Look and say
1. She cannot remember. Where did she put the opera ticket
步骤 1：
确定主句、从句
She cannot remember + where ...
步骤2：
把特殊疑问词提出来，放在主句后（作连接词）
She cannot remember + where she put the opera ticket
步骤3：
改写从句，改成陈述语序
She cannot remember + where she put the opera ticket.
步骤4：
拼接主句 + 连接词 + 改写后的从句，检查时态标点
Tip: 定提改查
找主句，留疑问词；
疑问变陈述，主语放前词；
去掉 do/does/did，动词变对时态；
主句从句拼一起，标点别忘检查。
PART-04
宾语从句的合成
合并句子做题步骤
Presentation
Look and combine
4b
Combine two sentences into one using object clauses.
She cannot remember. Where did she put the opera ticket
→ She cannot remember where she put the opera ticket.
Bob does not know. Who took his wallet
→ ________________________________________________
When is the next test Can you tell me
→ ________________________________________________
I do not understand. Why didn’t you invite him to the picnic
→ ________________________________________________
Pardon me, where can I get a bus to the airport Could you please show me
→ ________________________________________________
Bob does not know who took his wallet.
who 在从句中作主语，本身就是陈述语序，无需调整，直接衔接。
Can you tell me when the next test is
I do not understand why you didn’t invite him to the picnic.
Pardon me,could you please show me where I can get a bus
to the airport
n. 歌剧；歌剧团
/ pr /
n. 入场券；票
/ t k t/
n. 钱包
/ w l t/
n. 野餐
/ p kn k/
v. 原谅
/ pɑ dn/
n. 机场
/ e p t/
Presentation
Look and combine
合并句子
What is her hobby We want to know.
Who is the tall man Do you know
Whose pencil is this He asks.
When will the party end Could you tell me
Why didn’t she come yesterday No one knows.
We want to know what her hobby is.
Do you know who the tall man is
He asks whose pencil this is.
Could you tell me when the party will end
No one knows why she didn’t come yesterday.
Presentation
Look and say
PART-05
宾语从句的特殊用法
宾语从句中否定的转移
我认为他不会来。
I don't think he will come. I think he won't come.
核心适用条件（缺一不可）
主语限制：主句主语必须是第一人称 I/we
（如果是 he/she/they/you 作主语，不需要转移，如：He thinks it isn't right.）
动词限制：主句谓语是「观点 / 推测类」动词，常见的有：
think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, guess
否定限制：否定的是从句的内容，而非主句本身。
Presentation
Look and say
宾语从句省略句
I don’t know what I should do next.
→I don't know what _________ next.
She has forgotten how she can open the window.
→She has forgotten how _______ the window.
to do
to open
总结
当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，
宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
PART-05
宾语从句的特殊用法
Presentation
Look and say
宾语从句省略句
Could you tell me how I can get to the train station？
→Could you tell me how _____ get to the train station？
总结
当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
to
PART-05
宾语从句的特殊用法
辨析：what to do 与 how to do
I don’t know _______ I should do. 我不知道我应该做什么。
I don’t know _____ I should do ____. 我不知道我应该怎么做。
what
how
it
总结
I don’t know what to do.= I don’t know how to do it\them.
Presentation
Read and complete
4c
Complete the story with the words in the box. Some may be used more than once. Why did Fox cry after tasting a grape
One morning, Mother Fox told Baby Fox ______ she was going to pick some grapes for him. Then she ran out, and he waited.
After a long time, Baby Fox heard a familiar cry nearby: “Danger! Run!” It was his mother! He also heard gunshots! Poor, scared Baby Fox quickly ran away. He wondered ______ happened to his mother, but he was too afraid to look back.
Many years later, the grown-up fox returned home. He felt sad when he recalled ______ happened. Then he saw a grapevine nearby. “That’s strange,” said Fox. “I wonder ______ it grows here.” He tasted a grape, “So sweet!” It reminded him of his mother. Suddenly, tears filled his eyes. He realized ______ the grapevine came from. When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth, she shouted out to warn her baby of danger. This was ______ she dropped the grapes.
that
what
what
why
where
why
n. 枪声；(射出的)炮弹
/ ɡ n t/
adj. 成年的
/ ɡr n p/
v. 回忆起；回想起
/r k l/
n. 葡萄藤；葡萄树
/ ɡre pva n/
where what why that
Presentation
Read and answer
Read again and answer the questions
1. Why did Mother Fox run out in the morning
2.Why did Fox cry after tasting the grape
3.What do you think the grapevine means to Fox
4.What does this story teach us about memory
She wanted to pick grapes for her baby.
Because the grape reminded him of his mother. He felt his mother’s love.
It stands for his mother’s love and warm memories.
A mother’s love never fades — even when we don’t understand it.
Presentation
Watch and follow
Presentation
Look and retell
Retell the story:
Expectation
Fear
Sadness
Confusion
Sadness & longing
Moved & understanding
(waiting for ______)
grapes
(hearing __________)
gunshots
(recalling _________ years later)
the past
(seeing the _________)
grapevine
(tasting sweet _______)
grapes
(knowing his mother’s ________)
love
Presentation
Think and say
What can you learn from the story
We can learn what ...
We can also understand why ...
We can find out how ...
We can realize where ...
...
From this story, we can learn what true maternal love is. We can also understand why grammar words help us express feelings, find out how a mother protects her baby, and realize where warm memories come from.
Presentation
Look and say
Now I finally understand what her cry really meant – it was not fear, but love that sent me far away to safety.”
__________
Presentation
Watch and say
A mother’s love never fades — even when we don’t understand it.
Presentation
Language points
One morning, Mother Fox told Baby Fox ______ she was going to pick some grapes for him. Then she ran out, and he waited. After a long time, Baby
Fox heard a familiar cry nearby: “Danger! Run!” It was his
mother! He also heard gunshots! Poor, scared Baby Fox
quickly ran away. He wondered ______ happened to his mother,
but he was too afraid to look back.
Many years later, the grown-up fox returned home. He felt sad when he recalled
that
what
摘一些葡萄
跑出去
gunshot/'g n t/ (名词) 枪声
结构：scare + 人 / 动物 v. 使害怕
逃跑
too... to 太……以至于不能
look back 回头看
grown-up 合成词 adj. 成年的；成熟的
回忆发生的事
Presentation
Language points
______ happened. Then he saw a grapevine nearby. “That’s strange,” said Fox. “I wonder ______ it grows here.” He tasted a grape, “So sweet!” It reminded him of his mother. Suddenly, tears filled his eyes. He realized _______ the grapevine came from. When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth, she shouted out to warn her baby of danger. This was ______ she dropped the grapes.
what
why
where
why
/'gre pva n/ n.葡萄藤
尝一颗葡萄
remind sb. of sb./sth. 使某人想起……
fill one’s eyes 噙满双眼
on one’s way home
在某人回家的路上
大声呼喊
warn sb. of sth. 警告某人提防某事
warn sb. (not) to do sth.
警告某人（不要）做某事
掉落葡萄
Presentation
Class test
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
Parents always ask us __________ ( keep) a curious mind when learning new things.
Scientists found that the brains of super-agers are __________ (difference) from each other in some ways.
I suddenly remembered that the old photo __________ (remind) me of my happy childhood.
I wondered why they _____________ (not invite) me to their study group discussion.
5. I don’t know who ____________ (tell) a lie last week.
to keep
different
reminded
didn’t invite
told
Presentation
Class test
Do you know 1.____________ every student has a dream I asked my classmates yesterday 2.____________ they planned to do after graduation.
Li Mei said 3.____________ she 4._____________ (become) an English teacher in the future. She told us 5.____________ she loved kids very much. I wondered 6._____________ she would work in our hometown. She said she wasn’t sure where she 7._____________ (stay).
Tom told me 8._____________ he wanted to be a scientist. He said the earth 9.____________ (go) around the sun, and he hoped to study space one day. I also asked him 10.______________ he loved science so much. He answered it could help people live a better life.
二、阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内单词的正确形式。
that
what
would become
that
why
if/ whether
would stay
that
goes
why
Presentation
Must do:
1.Review the notes and prepare a 1-minute mini-speech titled "A Puzzle in My Memory", using at least 4 object clauses (including that, if/whether, and at least two different wh-words)..
Choose to do:
Write a short continuation of Fox's story (about 50 words). End with: "From that day on, Fox finally understood why..."
谢谢
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