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/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
2026~2027学年八年级上册英语期中学业达标培优卷人教版（新教材）
试卷满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．I love many outdoor activities, ________ cycling. It’s relaxing and good for health.
A．really B．especially C．certainly D．nearly
2．Look! Eagles are spreading (展开) their wings to fight ________ hunters.
A．against B．for C．about D．over
3．I bought ________ for myself because everything there was very expensive.
A．something B．nothing C．anything D．anyone
4．Don’t ________ before I finish talking. I have something important to tell you.
A．hang on B．hang up C．hang out D．hang around
5．—You seem to be ________ with this small town.
—I lived here for three years. It’s great to be back!
A．familiar B．similar C．strange D．forgetful
6．Nick has a really good ________ of humour. He is so funny.
A．ability B．idea C．sense D．feeling
7．The arts are as ________ as languages, Maths and Science at Nancy’s school.
A．the most important B．more important C．most important D．important
8．He got up early this morning ________ catch the first bus to town.
A．so that B．in order to C．because D．in order that
9．Tom is ________ more outgoing than he was two years ago.
A．quite B．so C．very D．much
10．Tom is one of the most active ________ in our community. Most ________ ready to help others at any time.
A．volunteers; are B．volunteer; are C．volunteers; is D．volunteer; is
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
I still keep a special story deep in my heart about a wild goose we raised years ago. It taught me that animals can also form long-lasting 11 with humans.
One day, my family came home and found two adult 12 and a small one in our yard. Our 13 scared (使……害怕) the parents and they flew away. But their baby was still too 14 to fly. Hours passed, and night fell. It was very 15 at night. The little thing was walking around our yard. It was clear that he needed warmth. We 16 brought him onto our back porch (门廊).
Each morning, we hoped the goose could 17 with his parents. They kept coming back to our 18 . But he wouldn’t go to them. My sister Joanna called the little guy “Peeper” because he would 19 us around the yard and make a peeping noise.
Peeper 20 on our back porch each night. We prepared soft dry grass for him to rest 21 . My dad would sometimes throw Peeper up into the air so he could learn to 22 . Almost a year passed. One evening, Peeper just flew off. Everyone was very sad. We 23 our little thing. Peeper became a (n) 24 memory for my family.
20 years later, an adult goose made his way back to my family home. Much to my 25 , it was Peeper. My old best friend came back.
11．A．sentence B．friendship C．social D．meeting
12．A．geese B．dogs C．parrots D．cats
13．A．honour B．arrival C．class D．meaning
14．A．young B．old C．long D．dirty
15．A．warm B．familiar C．pretty D．cold
16．A．hardly B．suddenly C．carefully D．probably
17．A．leave B．weigh C．dream D．fight
18．A．living room B．industry C．garden D．yard
19．A．pay B．follow C．guess D．introduce
20．A．touched B．smiled C．slept D．sang
21．A．comfortably B．seriously C．creatively D．popularly
22．A．nod B．appear C．fly D．pack
23．A．stored B．signed C．missed D．designed
24．A．sweet B．challenging C．silly D．impolite
25．A．guide B．difference C．humour D．surprise
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Have you heard of a study tour It is becoming a popular way for students to spend their holidays. Unlike a normal trip, a study tour combines learning with travelling.
During a study tour, you can visit famous universities like Oxford or Harvard. You can attend classes there and talk with local students. This helps you understand different education systems. You can also visit science museums and technology parks. You might see robots, VR technology, or even space capsules (太空舱). This can inspire (激发) your interest in science and technology.
When you travel to other countries, you can learn about different customs (习俗). For example, in Japan, you should take off your shoes before entering a house. In India, you eat with your right hand. These customs may seem strange at first, but they teach you to respect different cultures.
A study tour also helps you improve your language skills. If you go to an English-speaking country, you have to speak English every day. You might feel nervous at first, but soon you will become more confident. You can also make friends with local students. They can teach you their language and culture.
Most importantly, a study tour teaches you to be independent. You need to pack your own bags, manage your money, and solve problems by yourself. For example, what if you miss a bus Or lose your way You learn to stay calm and find solutions. These skills will help you grow into a responsible adult.
26．How does the writer start the text
A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question.
C．By listing numbers. D．By giving an example.
27．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Foreign universities. B．Robots.
C．Different customs. D．Other countries.
28．What are the advantages of a study tour
①You can learn about different cultures. ②You can improve your language skills.
③You can learn to be independent. ④You can avoid doing homework.
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
B
My family members have a close relationship because our family has some rules. My mother makes it a rule that everyone must sit down at the table and have dinner together. I think this is one of the easiest and the most important rules to have as a family. Eating meals together creates a sense of belonging. What’s more, keeping this habit will increase everyone’s enjoyment.
Although it was hard for us to keep this routine at first, it has turned out to be a good habit. After dinner, we usually have our playtime, and then 7:00 p.m. is the bath time. 7:30 p.m. is the time to have some milk. At 7:50 p.m. my mother reads a story, and then lights go out at 9:30 p.m. This routine makes me wake up early in the morning and helps me be in a good mood (情绪) at school.
Cleaning up is a family matter. After dinner, we help our parents to clean up the kitchen and clear everything around the table. After this, we are asked to clean up the toys that we were playing with during the daytime. Then we won’t step on hard or wooden toys when we get up next morning.
▼ , and I never wake up in a rush in the morning. Even when there are special occasions (场合)—like my dad having to work late and come home later than usual—mom always keeps some food warm for him. When dad gets back, we’ll reheat the dishes a little, then sit around the table again to have a “late dinner” together. Even if we just chat about small things that happened during the day, my heart feels warm and full.
These simple family rules are like soft threads—they tie our family closely together, and every day is filled with a sense of safety and happiness.
29．The second paragraph in the writer’s family is about a ________
A．everyday routine B．working routine
C．night-time routine D．free-time routine
30．What can we learn from the “Cleaning up” part
A．Cleaning up is only kids’ job.
B．They clean up toys before dinner.
C．Everyone in the family helps with cleaning.
D．They clean the kitchen but not the table.
31．Which of the following can be put in ▼
A．It makes me feel energetic every day.
B．It’s not easy for me to keep it.
C．The routine makes me feel bad.
D．It is hard to get up.
32．Which is the best title for the text
A．Rules Making Family Closer B．Importance of Evening Routines
C．Family Life: Dinner and Clean-up D．How to Keep Good Habits at Home
C
①Do you know E-person and I-person These two kinds of personalities (性格) are much discussed online. Even twins may be quite different from each other, such as personalities, hobbies, friends and so on. To learn more about that, let’s hear from the following twins.
②Andy, an Extrovert (性格外向者)
I enjoy trying new things and playing with many friends. Ken and I head to the beach on Saturdays to surf, and on Sundays, I hang out with Tom, eating and riding. At school, Larry is my best friend. I don’t spend much time with him over the weekends because he likes to play video games at home just by himself. I’m cool with it because I can visit other friends. I value (重视) his friendship a lot because Larry cares about me and often gives great advice on my problems.
③Anna, an Introvert (性格内向的人)
I think nothing is more enjoyable than staying on my own with a great book in hand. However, I do also need time with my two best friends, Sue and Tina. Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days. Tina is more like me and she understands me better than I do. We often take a long walk to share our feelings. I love both my friends and need their different personalities to make my life colorful.
④Well, there we have it from the horse’s mouth. From Andy and Anna, extroverts and introverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities. So start to make different friends and enjoy the special friendship!
33．Which of the following words can best describe Sue
A．Hard-working. B．Understanding. C．Good-looking. D．Outgoing (外向的).
34．The idiom “from the horse’s mouth” means to hear from someone “________”.
A．who read it B．who experienced it C．who fed it D．who had it
35．What’s the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
36．Which is the best title for the passage
A．Different Personalities, Special Friendship B．Extroverts’ Happy Life
C．How to Become an Introvert D．How to Make More Friends
D
Lightning usually destroys (破坏) the trees it hits. But scientists have found an amazing tree. It not only lives through lightning strikes (击中) but actually grows better because of them!
For years, scientists thought lightning was only bad for trees. But as they explored places like the Amazon rainforest, they started to think there could be trees that fight against lightning. It wasn’t until about 100 years ago that such “super trees” were discovered. Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients (营养) for itself.
In 2015, scientist Evan Gora saw a Dipteryx oleifera tree, which had been struck by strong lightning. It wasn’t badly harmed while the neighboring trees were killed. Scientists thought this tree could handle lightning, but there was no way to be sure.
Gora and his team saw more of these trees that grew well after lightning strikes. So, they did a study. They followed 93 trees struck by lightning for 2—6 years. They found that all 9 Dipteryx oleifera trees in the study survived with little harm. But 84 other trees were badly hurt, and 64% of them died within two years.
These trees are very tall and have wide tops, making them 68% more likely to be struck by lightning than other trees. During the study, one of the Dipteryx trees was struck twice in 5 years yet continued to grow well.
At present, more studies suggest that these trees attract (吸引) lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better. Scientists are not sure how these trees survive lightning, but they guess it may involve the trees’ ability to carry electricity. They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics.
37．What is special about the Dipteryx oleifera tree
A．It dies quickly after lightning strikes. B．It takes in nutrients directly from lightning.
C．It grows better after being struck by lightning. D．It avoids lightning by hiding under other trees.
38．What does the underlined word “handle” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Mix up. B．Give out. C．Suffer from. D．Deal with.
39．Why do Dipteryx oleifera trees attract lightning
A．To get more water from the sky. B．To kill nearby trees for growth.
C．To become shorter and stronger. D．To protect other trees around them.
40．What might scientists do next according to the text
A．Plant more Dipteryx oleifera trees. B．Study how trees attract lightning better.
C．Find out where Dipteryx oleifera trees live. D．Look for more trees that can survive lightning.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
When you walk in the forest, you see lots of trees. But a forest is much more than what you see. 41 Trees share information about their needs and send each other nutrients (营养物).
42 In fact, trees “talk” to and help each other through the underground network of fungi (真菌). Fungi are small living things. They can be found in soil. The fungi send nutrients to the trees, and make the trees “talk” to each other.
The network of fungi helps trees grow and stay healthy. Trees give sugars to fungi, and fungi help trees grow. 43 And through the network of fungi, trees can share water and nutrients. For example, if a baby tree can’t make enough food, other trees can send their nutrients to it through the network. Sometimes, a tree is dying, so it sends its nutrients to other healthy trees through the network. Trees also send signals (信号) through the network. 44 However, sometimes there are bad things happening between trees. Some trees take nutrients from others. Some trees even send out bad things to others. 45 The next time you see a forest, think about how wonderful the underground network is.
A．But do trees really “talk”
B．So the forest is like a magical place.
C．If a tree is in danger, it will send signals to others.
D．This way, trees and fungi help each other.
E．There is an underground way to “talk”.
F．Some trees are too far away to “talk” to each other.
G．But the forest is becoming smaller and smaller.
四、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
because　make　slow　less　something　reason　for　few　stay　so　they　main
Animals are our friends. We share the same world with them. But many kinds of animals are in danger for many 46 .
Blue whales are one of them. They are the largest animals in the world. They 47 feed on some of the smallest animals in the ocean. Now they are in danger because 48 living environment is getting worse. First, some people make their ocean home dirty. Second, some people kill them 49 their meat. Third, there is more and more man-made noise in the ocean. It 50 it hard for blue whales to communicate with each other. Because of these factors, there are 51 blue whales than before.
Sloths (树懒) are another one. They are one of the 52 moving animals in the world. They mainly live in South America. They are funny, 53 lots of people like them very much. Sloths spend so much time 54 in the trees. They are also in danger because people cut down too many trees in the forest. Sloths will have no place to live if we don’t do 55 for them.
Now it’s time for us to do something to protect them.
五、短文填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
Have you ever heard of the friendship among animals In the zoo in Germany, an u 56 friendship is developed between a cat and a bear. Lots of visitors can’t b 57 their eyes!
No one is quite sure how the friendship first began. One day, some workers in the zoo n 58 a black cat was in the bear’s cage and the two animals were playing together peacefully. They didn’t feel a 59 of each other at all! It was amazing to see how well the small cat seemed to get along w 60 the large bear. And later the pair and their unusual friendship became a hot topic in the zoo. More and more visitors p 61 special attention to them.
After several years, a new cage was built for the bear. However, the cat was s 62 in the same cage, so it walked around angrily and cried to be with the bear. F 63 , the bear keeper took pity on the cat and let it stay with the bear. The cat and the bear got c 64 than before. They often sat together and shared meals in the sun with each other.
Sometimes it is quite natural for animals to have their own i 65 about who would be a good friend. These may surprise humans, who usually expect animals to form relationships with others of the same species.
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Friendship is a wonderful thing in life. Even best friends have things they share and things that make them different. These similarities and differences actually make our friendships stronger. My best friend Lucy and I have many things in common. We both love watching movies and eating ice cream. At school, we are as serious as each other about our studies. When I have problems with math homework, Lucy always helps me to solve them. She is an honest friend who always tells me what she really thinks.
However, we also have some differences. Lucy is more outgoing than I am. She can easily talk to new classmates while I feel nervous. When we disagree about something, Lucy likes to discuss it directly, but I prefer to think about it quietly first. These differences don’t make us less close. Last month when I was sad about losing a game, Lucy touched me by bringing my favourite chocolate. That moment showed me that real friends accept each other’s differences.
True friendship isn’t about being exactly the same. It’s about enjoying what we share and respecting what makes us different. That’s what makes every friendship special.
根据文章内容回答下列问题。
66．What does the writer think makes friendships stronger
67．How does Lucy help the writer with studies
68．How many differences are there between the writer and Lucy
69．How did Lucy touch the writer last month
70．According to the article, what makes friendships special
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．学校英语社团邀请同学们守护大自然的“The beauty of wildlife”，假如你是李华，请你根据以下问题，撰写倡议书。
1. What is your favourite wild animal
2. How can we protect them (至少两点)
3. Why should we protect wild animals
注意：
1. 词数：90词左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
3. 文章必须包含所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。
The Beauty of Wildlife
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing today to ask for your help in protecting
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With kind thanks,
Li Hua
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 期中培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：我喜欢很多户外活动，尤其是骑行。它很放松且有益健康。
really真正地；especially尤其，特别；certainly当然；nearly几乎。根据“I love many outdoor activities”及后面具体提到的“cycling”可知，此处是在众多活动中特别强调骑行这一项，表示尤其喜欢，应填especially。
2．A
【解析】句意：看！鹰正在展开翅膀与猎人对抗。
against对抗；for为了；about关于；over越过。根据“Eagles are spreading their wings to fight ... hunters.”可知鹰与猎人是对立关系，固定搭配fight against意为“与……作战/对抗”，符合语境。应填against。
3．B
【解析】句意：我什么都没给自己买，因为那里所有的东西都很贵。
something某物；nothing没有东西；anything任何东西；anyone任何人。根据“because everything there was very expensive”可知，因为那里所有的东西都很贵，所以推测出什么都没买，nothing表示否定含义符合语境。
4．B
【解析】句意：在我说完之前不要挂断电话。我有重要的事要告诉你。
hang on稍等；hang up挂断电话；hang out闲逛；hang around徘徊。根据“before I finish talking”及“I have something important to tell you.”可知，说话人希望对方不要结束通话，即不要挂断电话，应填hang up。
5．A
【解析】句意：——你似乎对这个小镇很熟悉。——我在这里住了三年，回来真好！
familiar熟悉的；similar相似的；strange陌生的；forgetful健忘的。根据答语“I lived here for three years.”可知，说话者曾在此居住三年，因此对小镇很熟悉，be familiar with为固定搭配，意为“对……熟悉”。故选A。
6．C
【解析】句意：尼克真的很有幽默感。他很有趣。
ability能力；idea主意；sense感觉；feeling感觉。根据“He is so funny.”可知尼克很幽默，固定短语a sense of humour意为“幽默感”。
7．D
【解析】句意：在Nancy的学校，艺术课和语言、数学、科学课一样重要。
important重要的。根据题干中的“as…as”结构可知，此处考查“as+形容词原级+as”，表示“和……一样”，故应用形容词原级important，意为“和语言课一样重要”。
8．B
【解析】句意：他今早早起，为了赶上去镇上的头班车。
so that以便于，后接从句；in order to为了，后接动词原形；because因为，后接从句；in order that为了，后接从句。空后是动词原形“catch”，需用in order to do sth.表示目的。
9．D
【解析】句意：汤姆比两年前外向得多了。
quite相当；so如此；very非常；much得多。根据“”... more outgoing”可知，空格后是形容词比较级。very，quite，so通常修饰形容词原级，much可以修饰比较级表示程度加深。
10．A
【解析】句意：汤姆是我们社区最活跃的志愿者之一。大多数（志愿者）是随时准备帮助他人的。
第一空，one of the+最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，用volunteers；Most 指代复数概念，作主语时谓语动词用复数are。应填volunteers；are。
11．B 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．D 16．C 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一家多年前收养了一只野生小鹅，它长大后飞走成为美好回忆，二十年后这只鹅又回到家里的感人故事。
【解析】11．句意：它教会我动物也能与人类建立长久的友谊。
根据“animals can also form long-lasting…with humans”及全文主旨，人与动物之间建立的是情感联系，friendship“友谊”符合语境。sentence“句子”；social“社会的”和meeting“会议”与语境不符。
12．句意：有一天，我家人回到家发现院子里有两只成年鹅和一只小鹅。
根据上文的“a wild goose”及下文“parents…flew away”可知，此处是鹅，geese“鹅”符合语境，是goose的复数形式。排除dogs“狗”；parrots“鹦鹉”和cats“猫”。
13．句意：我们的到来吓到了父母，它们飞走了。
根据“my family came home”可知，此处是表达我们一家人的到来把成年鹅吓跑了，arrival“到来”符合语境。honour“荣誉”；class“班级”和meaning“意思”与前文提到的“我们一家人回到家”的语境不符。
14．句意：但它们的宝宝还太小，不会飞。
根据“baby was still too…to fly”可知，此处是表达小鹅因为太小，所以无法飞行，young“小的；年幼的”符合语境。old“老的；年长的”；long“长的”和dirty“脏的”与语境不符。
15．句意：晚上非常冷。
根据下文的“It was clear that he needed warmth.”可知，此处表达需要温暖，说明当时很冷，cold“寒冷的”符合语境。warm“温暖的”；familiar“熟悉的”和pretty“漂亮的”与“需要温暖”的语境不符。
16．句意：我们小心地把它带到后门廊。
根据常识，对待幼小的动物，动作应该是轻柔小心的，carefully“小心地”符合语境，hardly“几乎不”；suddenly“突然地”和probably“可能地”与“照顾小动物”的语境不符。
17．句意：每天早上，我们希望这只鹅能和父母一起离开。
根据“hoped the goose could…with his parents”可知，此处是表达希望它随父母离开，leave“离开”符合语境。排除weigh“称重”；dream“梦想”和fight“打架”。
18．句意：它们不断回到我们的院子。
根据上文的“found…in our yard”可知，此处想指小鹅的父母不断回到我们的院子，yard“院子”符合语境。排除living room“客厅”；industry“工业”和garden“花园”。
19．句意：我妹妹Joanna叫那个小家伙“Peeper”，因为它会跟着我们在院子里转并发出peeping声。
根据语境和常识，小鹅会跟着人走，此处考查常用搭配follow us around the yard“在院子里跟随我们”，follow“跟随”符合语境。pay“支付”；guess“猜”和introduce“介绍”与语境不符。
20．句意：Peeper每晚睡在我们的后门廊。
根据“each night”可知，晚上是睡觉时间，slept“睡觉”符合语境。touched“触摸”；smiled“微笑”和sang“唱歌”与“晚上”的动作不符。
21．句意：我们准备软干草让他舒适地休息。
根据“prepared soft dry grass for him”可知，准备软干草是为了让它休息得舒服，comfortably“舒服地”符合语境。seriously“严肃地”；creatively“创造性地”和popularly“流行地”与“给鹅准备软干草让它休息”的语境不符。
22．句意：我爸爸有时会把Peeper扔到空中，以便它能学会飞。
根据“throw Peeper up into the air”可知，爸爸将鹅抛向空中是为了让鹅练习飞行，fly“飞”符合语境。nod“点头”；appear“出现”和pack“打包”与语境不符。
23．句意：我们想念我们的小东西。
根据“One evening, Peeper just flew off. Everyone was very sad.”可知，因为鹅飞走了，所以每个人都想念小鹅，miss“想念”符合语境。stored“储存”；signed“签名”和designed“设计”与“鹅飞走了，大家感觉伤心”的语境不符。
24．句意：Peeper成了我们家甜蜜的回忆。
根据全文情感基调可知，此处是“甜蜜”的回忆，sweet“甜蜜的”符合语境。challenging“挑战的”；silly“愚蠢的”和impolite“没礼貌的”与语境不符。
25．句意：令我非常惊讶的是，它是Peeper。
根据“20 years later, an adult goose made his way back to my family home.”可知，20年后，小鹅回来是令人吃惊的一件事，此处考查固定搭配to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，surprise“吃惊；惊讶”符合语境。排除guide“指导”；difference“不同”和humour“幽默”。
26．B 27．C 28．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了游学这种将学习与旅行相结合的度假方式，探讨了游学的活动内容及其对学生文化尊重、语言能力和独立性培养等方面的益处。
【解析】26．细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you heard of a study tour ”是一个疑问句，可知作者是通过提出问题来引入话题的，符合“By asking a question”的描述。
27．词句猜测题。根据第三段“When you travel to other countries, you can learn about different customs. These customs may seem strange at first, but they teach you to respect different cultures.”可知，代词they指代前文提到的“different customs”，即不同的习俗。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“but they teach you to respect different cultures”可知①正确；根据第四段“A study tour also helps you improve your language skills”可知②正确；根据第五段“a study tour teaches you to be independent”可知③正确，文中没有提到可以不写作业，④错误。
29．C 30．C 31．A 32．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者家庭通过制定共进晚餐、夜间常规、共同清洁等简单规则，增进了家庭成员间的亲密关系，营造出安全感和幸福感。
【解析】29．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“After dinner, we usually have our playtime, and then 7:00 p.m. is the bath time. 7:30 p.m. is the time to have some milk. At 7:50 p.m. my mother reads a story, and then lights go out at 9:30 p.m.”可推知这段描述的是晚上的洗澡、喝奶、讲故事和睡觉等常规活动，属于夜间常规。
30．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Cleaning up is a family matter. After dinner, we help our parents to clean up the kitchen and clear everything around the table.”可推知清洁是家庭事务，孩子们帮助父母清理，说明全家人都参与清洁。
31．推理判断题。根据文章第四段空格后“and I never wake up in a rush in the morning.”以及第二段“This routine makes me wake up early in the morning and helps me be in a good mood”可推知此处应填入表达常规带来积极影响的句子，即每天感到精力充沛。
32．最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“My family members have a close relationship because our family has some rules.”以及最后一段“These simple family rules are like soft threads—they tie our family closely together...”可推知文章核心主题是家庭规则让家人关系更亲密。
33．D 34．B 35．C 36．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了外向型和内向型两种性格，通过双胞胎Andy（外向）和Anna（内向）的交友经历，说明不同性格的人也能成为朋友，且需要不同性格的朋友丰富生活，倡导人们结交不同的朋友，收获特别的友谊。
【解析】33．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Sue is so full of life that her jokes bring much joy to my quiet days.”可知，Sue充满活力，爱讲笑话，能为Anna的安静生活带来很多快乐，由此可判断Sue性格外向。
34．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中“From Andy and Anna, extroverts and introverts can be friends and also need friends with different personalities.”可知，前文的相关内容来自Andy和Anna的亲身经历，因此“from the horse’s mouth”的含义是从亲身经历过的人那里得知信息。
35．篇章结构题。文章第一段总起，引出外向型和内向型性格的话题，并引出下文双胞胎的相关介绍；第二、三段分别介绍外向的Andy和内向的Anna的交友情况，属于分述内容；第四段总结全文，点明不同性格的人也能拥有特别友谊的主旨。全文为“总—分—总”结构，与C选项的图示相符。
36．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“不同性格”和“友谊”展开，通过双胞胎的例子说明不同性格的人可以做朋友，拥有特别的友谊，A选项“Different Personalities, Special Friendship”涵盖了文章核心内容，适合作为文章标题。
37．C 38．D 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一种被称为“超级树木”的Dipteryx oleifera。文章讲述了科学家发现这种树不仅能在雷击中幸存，甚至能利用雷电杀死周围树木以获取更多阳光和营养，并介绍了相关的研究过程及科学家未来的研究方向。
【解析】37．细节理解题。根据第一段“It not only lives through lightning strikes but actually grows better because of them!”以及第二段提到的“super trees”可知，这种树的特别之处在于它在被雷击后反而生长得更好。
38．词义猜测题。根据第三段上下文，这棵树被强雷击中后并没有受到严重伤害，而周围的树却死了。科学家认为这种树能够“应对/承受”雷电，结合选项，Deal with最符合语境。
39．细节理解题。根据第二段“Now, they know of a tree that uses lightning’s power to kill nearby trees and get more sunlight and nutrients for itself.”以及最后一段“attract lightning on purpose to destroy other trees and grow better”可知，它们吸引雷电是为了杀死附近的树木从而获得生长优势。
40．推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“They are also interested in other trees with similar characteristics.”可知，科学家们对这些具有类似特征的其他树木也很感兴趣，暗示他们接下来可能会去寻找更多能在这种环境下生存的树木。
41．E 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．B
【导语】本文介绍森林中的树木依靠地下真菌网络互相交流、传递营养，它们可以彼此帮助，但有时也会互相掠夺资源。
【解析】41．前文指出森林不止肉眼看到的样子，后文介绍树木间传递信息、营养，E选项“There is an underground way to “talk”.”引出地下交流的方式，起到承上启下的作用。
42．后文“In fact”用来对空格内容进行阐释，A选项“But do trees really “talk” ”提出关于树木能否“交谈”的疑问，后文紧接着给出对应的解释，实现逻辑衔接。
43．前句说明树木给真菌糖分，真菌助力树木生长，D选项“This way, trees and fungi help each other.”对二者这种互助关系进行总结。
44．前句提到树木可通过网络发送信号，C选项“If a tree is in danger, it will send signals to others.”举例说明发送信号的场景，和前文话题保持一致。
45．前文介绍树木网络有互助也有竞争，B选项“So the forest is like a magical place.”进行总结，自然衔接后文感叹地下网络奇妙的句子。
46．reasons 47．mainly 48．their 49．for 50．makes 51．fewer 52．slowest 53．so 54．staying 55．anything
【导语】本文介绍了蓝鲸和树懒两种濒危动物，分析它们濒临危险的原因，并呼吁大家保护动物。
【解析】46．句意：但是很多种类的动物因为许多原因处于危险之中。根据原句“But many kinds of animals are in danger for many ….”，many后面要接可数名词复数。备选词reason意思是“原因”，复数形式reasons，for many reasons表示因为许多原因，符合语境。
47．句意：它们主要以海洋里一些最小的生物为食。根据原句“They … feed on some of the smallest animals in the ocean.”，此处需要副词修饰动词feed。备选词main意思是“主要的”，副词形式mainly，mainly feed on表示主要以……为食，符合语境。
48．句意：现在它们处于危险之中，因为它们的生存环境正在变得越来越差。根据原句“Now they are in danger because … living environment is getting worse.”，名词短语living environment前面需要形容词性物主代词。备选词they意思是“它们”，形容词性物主代词their，their living environment表示它们的生存环境，符合语境。
49．句意：第二，一些人为了获取它们的肉而捕杀它们。根据原句“Second, some people kill them … their meat.”，此处介词for表目的，意为“为了”，kill them for their meat表示为获取肉而捕杀它们，符合语境。
50．句意：这让蓝鲸很难互相交流。根据原句“It … it hard for blue whales to communicate with each other.”，主语It是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式。备选词make意思是“使得”，三单形式makes，固定结构make it +adj.+for sb. to do sth.表示使某人做某事是……的，符合语境。
51．句意：由于这些因素，蓝鲸的数量比以前更少了。根据原句“Because of these factors, there are … blue whales than before.”，出现比较级标志than，blue whales是可数名词复数。备选词few意思是“少的”，比较级fewer，fewer blue whales表示更少的蓝鲸，符合语境。
52．句意：它们是世界上移动最慢的动物之一。根据原句“They are one of the … moving animals in the world.”，固定结构one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示最……之一。备选词slow意思是“缓慢的”，最高级slowest，the slowest moving animals表示移动最慢的动物，符合语境。
53．句意：它们很有趣，所以很多人非常喜欢它们。根据原句“They are funny, … lots of people like them very much.”，前半句是原因，后半句是结果。备选词so意思是“所以”，连接两个并列分句，表示结果。
54．句意：树懒花大量的时间待在树上。根据原句“Sloths spend so much time … in the trees.”，固定搭配spend time doing sth.表示花费时间做某事。备选词stay意思是“停留，待”，动名词形式staying，符合语境。
55．句意：如果我们不为它们做任何事，树懒将没有地方生存。根据原句“Sloths will have no place to live if we don’t do … for them.”，本句是否定句。备选词something意思是“某事”，否定句中变为anything，do anything for them表示为它们做任何事，符合语境。
56．unusual/nusual 57．believe/elieve 58．noticed/oticed 59．afraid/fraid 60．with/ith 61．paid/aid 62．still/till 63．Finally/inally 64．closer/loser 65．ideas/deas
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了德国一家动物园里一只猫和一只熊之间发展出的一段不寻常的友谊，以及它们相处的过程。
【解析】56．句意：在德国的一家动物园里，一只猫和一只熊之间发展出了一段不寻常的友谊。空格后为名词friendship，需填形容词修饰。根据下文“Lots of visitors can’t believe their eyes”可知这段友谊非同寻常，首字母u及文意指向unusual。
57．句意：许多游客都不敢相信自己的眼睛！固定搭配can’t believe one’s eyes意为“不敢相信自己的眼睛”。情态动词can’t后需接动词原形，首字母b对应believe。
58．句意：一天，动物园里的一些工人注意到一只黑猫在熊的笼子里，两只动物正和平地一起玩耍。根据下文“was in the bear’s cage”可知工人是“注意到”了这一现象。由时间状语“One day”及语境可知需用一般过去时，首字母n对应noticed。
59．句意：它们彼此一点也不害怕！固定搭配feel/be afraid of意为“害怕”。由上文“playing together peacefully”可知两只动物相处融洽、互不害怕，首字母a对应afraid。
60．句意：看到这只小猫似乎和这只大熊相处得如此之好，真是令人惊叹。固定搭配get along well with sb.意为“与某人相处融洽”。首字母w及句意提示填with。
61．句意：越来越多的游客对它们给予了特别的关注。固定搭配pay attention to意为“关注、注意”。全文以过去时叙述，时态为一般过去时，首字母p对应paid。
62．句意：然而，猫还留在原来的笼子里，所以它愤怒地走来走去，哭着要和熊在一起。根据前文“the cat was in the bear’s cage”及转折词However可知，熊搬进了新笼子，而猫仍然留在旧笼子里。首字母s及文意对应still。
63．句意：最后，看熊的饲养员同情这只猫，让它和熊待在一起。上文描述猫愤怒地走来走去、哭着要和熊在一起，此处表示事情发展的最终结果。句首需副词修饰整句，首字母F对应Finally。
64．句意：猫和熊比以前更亲近了。空格前有get，后有比较标志词than，需用形容词比较级构成“get+比较级”结构，表示“变得更……”。首字母c及文意对应closer。
65．句意：有时候，动物对谁会成为好朋友有自己的想法是很自然的。空格前有形容词性物主代词their，需填名词。由“who would be a good friend”可知这是动物自己的想法，首字母i及复数含义对应ideas。
66．The similarities and differences. 67．She always helps the writer to solve math homework problems. 68．Two. 69．By bringing the writer’s favourite chocolate when the writer was sad about losing a game. 70．Enjoying what we share and respecting what makes us different.
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者与好友Lucy既有共同点也有不同点，这些相似与差异让友谊更牢固；真正的友谊不是完全一样，而是享受共同之处并尊重彼此的不同。
【解析】66．第一段直接指出“These similarities and differences actually make our friendships stronger.”，说明作者认为相似之处和不同之处让友谊更牢固。
67．第一段提到“When I have problems with math homework, Lucy always helps me to solve them.”，说明Lucy帮助作者解决数学作业问题。
68．第二段列出两个不同点：一是Lucy更外向，二是处理分歧的方式不同。因此共有两点。
69．第二段指出“Last month when I was sad about losing a game, Lucy touched me by bringing my favourite chocolate.”，说明Lucy通过带来作者最喜欢的巧克力感动了作者。
70．最后一段指出“It’s about enjoying what we share and respecting what makes us different. That’s what makes every friendship special.”，说明享受共同之处并尊重彼此不同让友谊特别。
71．例文：
The Beauty of Wildlife
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing today to ask for your help in protecting wild animals.
My favourite wild animal is the panda because it is lovely and unique. However, their number is getting smaller. First, we should stop buying things made from wild animals. Second, we are supposed to plant more trees to offer them living places. It is necessary to protect them because animals are human beings’ friends. They keep the balance of nature. Without them, our environment will be in danger. If we don’t protect them, we will lose them forever.
Let’s work together to make the world better for all living things.
With kind thanks,
Li Hua
【解析】[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：应用文，以一般现在时为主
明确要点：最喜欢的野生动物；保护野生动物的方法 (至少两点)；保护野生动物的原因
确定人称：第一人称 (I/we)
注意事项：不得出现真实姓名、校名；要点齐全，行文连贯；90词左右
[第二步：构思布局]
开头部分：已给出，点明写作目的 —— 呼吁大家保护野生动物
主体部分：依次写：最喜欢的野生动物+保护措施+保护的重要意义
结尾部分：发出号召，呼吁大家一起行动
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：最喜欢的野生动物
动物选择：panda/tiger/elephant/monkey/lion/giraffe等
理由：lovely and unique/smart/friendly/cute等
要点二：保护方法 (至少两条)
措施 1：stop buying things made from wild animals/tell people not to hurt wild animals/learn more about wild animals等
措施 2：plant more trees to offer them living places/set up more nature reserves/should not take away their homes等
要点三：为什么保护野生动物
原因：They are human beings’ friends./They keep the balance of nature./Without them, our environment will be in danger./If we don’t protect them, we will lose them forever./We can’t live well without them.等
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