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语法天天练 · 九年级下册语法训练营
Day6宾语从句专项指导与练习
一、专项指导
（一）什么是宾语从句
宾语从句就是一个句子充当宾语。它常出现在这些动词后面：say, tell, ask, know, think, believe, wonder, find, hear, hope, decide 等；也可出现在 I’m sure / I’m afraid / I don’t know 等结构后。
例：I know that he is a doctor.（that he is a doctor 整体作 know 的宾语）
（二）三条核心规则
规则1：引导词的选择
原句类型 引导词 例句
陈述句 that（口语常省略） He says (that) he is busy.
一般疑问句 if / whether（是否） I wonder if/whether he will come.
特殊疑问句 保留原疑问词 Tell me where he lives.
规则2：语序必须用陈述语序
从句一律“主语 + 谓语”，不能保留疑问句倒装，也要去掉 do/does/did。
错：Do you know where does he live
对：Do you know where he lives
规则3：时态呼应
主句是现在时 → 从句时态按实际需要自由选择。
主句是过去时 → 从句用相应的过去时态（过去时/过去进行/过去将来/过去完成）。
客观真理、自然规律、格言 → 从句永远用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响。
例：The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
（三）易错点辨析
1. whether 与 if
以下情况只能用 whether，不能用 if：
· 与 or not 直接连用：whether or not...
· 介词后：It depends on whether...
· 后接不定式：whether to go
· 句首主语从句（本专项不涉及，但可了解）
2. 宾语从句的简化
当主句主语与从句主语一致时，可用“疑问词 + 不定式”简化：
I don’t know what I should do. → I don’t know what to do.
3. 否定转移
主句动词是 think / believe / suppose 且主语为 I/we 时，否定常前移到主句：
I don’t think he is right.（而非 I think he isn’t right.）
4. 标点看主句
宾语从句的句末标点由主句决定：主句是陈述句用句号，主句是疑问句用问号。
Do you know where he is （主句疑问 → 问号）
I don’t know where he is.（主句陈述 → 句号）
二、专项练习（A–I 组，共 40 小题 + 短文填空 7 空）
A 组：引导词选择（5 题）
1. Could you tell me ______ the train arrives
A. that　 B. if　 C. what　 D. when
2. I don’t know ______ he will come or not.
A. if　 B. whether　C. that　 D. what
3. She asked me ______ I had finished my homework.
A. what　B. that　 C. whether　D. which
4. Do you know ______ made him so angry
A. what　B. that　 C. if　 D. whether
5. He told me ______ he would help me with my English.
A. if　 B. whether　C. what　 D. that
B 组：语序（5 题）
6. Could you tell me ______
A. where is the post office　 B. where the post office is　
C. where was the post office　 D. the post office where is
7. I want to know ______.
A. how can I get to the station　 B. how I can get to the station　
C. how could I get to the station　 D. can I how get to the station
8. Do you know ______
A. what time does the meeting begin　B. what time the meeting begins　
C. what time begin the meeting　 D. the meeting what time begins
9. She asked me ______.
A. why was I late　B. why I was late　C. why am I late　D. why I am late
10. Can you tell me ______
A. who is that man　B. who that man is　C. who does that man　D. that man who is
C 组：时态呼应（5 题）
11. The teacher told us that light ______ faster than sound.
A. travels　B. travelled　C. will travel　D. had travelled
12. He said that he ______ to Beijing the next week.
A. goes　 B. went　 C. would go　 D. has gone
13. I didn’t know that she ______ ill.
A. is　 B. was　 C. will be　 D. has been
14. Our teacher said that the earth ______ around the sun.
A. went　 B. goes　 C. will go　 D. had gone
15. She asked me if I ______ my homework yet.
A. finish　 B. finished　C. had finished　D. will finish
D 组：综合运用（5 题）
16. — What did the teacher say
— She asked me ______.
A. why was I late for class　 B. why I was late for class　
C. why am I late for class　 D. that why I was late for class
17. I’m not sure ______ or not he will join us.
A. if　 B. that　 C. whether　 D. what
18. I don’t know ______ to deal with this problem.
A. what　B. how　 C. that　 D. if
19. — Do you know ______
— Yes, he lives in Shanghai.
A. where does he live　B. where he lives　C. where did he live　D. where he lived
20. I don’t think he ______ right.
A. is　 B. isn’t　 C. was　 D. weren’t
E 组：用恰当的引导词填空（一空一词，5 题）
21. I don’t know ______ he will come tomorrow.
22. Please tell me ______ you like best.
23. The teacher asked ______ had broken the window.
24. I wonder ______ the train will arrive.
25. Can you tell me ______ he is so happy
F 组：把下列句子改写为宾语从句（5 题）
26. He is a teacher. I know.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
27. Does she like music I wonder.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
28. Where does he live Could you tell me
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
29. “I will visit my uncle tomorrow,” Tom said.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
30. Why was Mary late She asked me.
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
G 组：根据汉语提示完成句子（5 题）
31. 我不知道他是否同意。
I don’t know ______ ______ ______.
32. 你能告诉我火车什么时候开吗？
Could you tell me ______ ______ ______
33. 他认为地球是圆的。
He thinks ______ ______ ______ ______.
34. 她问我为什么上课迟到。
She asked me ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
35. 我不确定他能否准时到达。
I’m not sure ______ ______ ______ ______.
H 组：改错（找出错误并改正，5 题）
36. I don’t know where does he live.
改：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
37. He asked me what was I doing.
改：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
38. The teacher told us that light travelled faster than sound.
改：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
39. She said that she will go to Shanghai the next day.
改：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
40. I don’t think he isn’t right.
改：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
I 组：短文填空（用恰当的引导词或动词的正确形式填空，每空一词，共 7 空）
Last week, our English teacher told us (1)______ object clauses are very important. She said that we should pay attention to three rules. First, we must choose the right guide word. I wonder (2)______ she will come to the party tomorrow. She asked me (3)______ I had finished my homework. Do you know (4)______ the meeting will begin Second, we must use the statement word order. Could you tell me (5)______ he lives Third, we should care about the tense. Our teacher told us that the sun (6)______ in the east. Now I believe (7)______ I can do well in the exam.
三、答案与解析
A 组
1. D　答语若问“火车何时到”，用 when 引导；若问“是否到”，答语应为 Yes/No。题干无 Yes/No 答语，结合常见语境选 when（问时间）。若选项 B 为 if 也可成立，但 D 更符合“到站时间”的典型问法。（本题以 when 为标准答案，考查特殊疑问词引导宾语从句。）
2. B　与 or not 直接连用时，只能用 whether，不能用 if。
3. C　“她问我是否完成作业”，一般疑问句变来的从句用 whether/if，选项中只有 whether。
4. A　从句缺主语，用 what 作主语（“什么使他生气”）；that/if/whether 不能作主语。
5. D　“他告诉我他会帮我”，陈述句变来的从句用 that（可省略），此处不缺成分。
B 组
6. B　宾语从句用陈述语序：where + the post office + is。
7. B　陈述语序：how + I + can get to...；A、C 为倒装，D 结构混乱。
8. B　陈述语序：what time + the meeting + begins；A 倒装，C、D 结构错误。
9. B　主句 asked 为过去时，从句用过去时 was；且必须陈述语序 why + I + was late。A 倒装，C 现在时且倒装，D 现在时。
10. B　陈述语序：who + that man + is；A 倒装，C、D 结构错误。
C 组
11. A　“光比声音传播快”是客观真理，从句用一般现在时 travels，不受主句 told 影响。
12. C　主句 said 为过去时，the next week 表示过去将来，用 would go。
13. B　主句 didn’t know 为过去时，从句用过去时 was。
14. B　“地球绕太阳转”是客观真理，用一般现在时 goes。
15. C　主句 asked 为过去时，yet 常与完成时连用，表示“到过去某时为止是否已完成”，用过去完成时 had finished。
D 组
16. B　asked 为过去时 → 从句过去时 was；且陈述语序 why + I + was late。A 倒装，C 现在时且倒装，D that 与 why 不能同时引导。
17. C　与 or not 连用只能用 whether。
18. B　“如何处理这个问题”用 how to deal with；what 不能与 deal with 搭配表示“如何”。
19. B　答语 he lives 为现在时，问的是现在住哪；从句用陈述语序 where + he + lives。A 倒装，C、D 时态不符。
20. A　主句 I don’t think 已否定前移，从句用肯定形式 is；“我认为他不对”。
E 组
21. if/whether　“他明天是否会来”，一般疑问句变来的从句用 if/whether。
22. what　从句缺宾语，用 what（“你最喜欢什么”）。
23. who　从句缺主语，用 who（“谁打碎了窗户”）。
24. when　问时间“火车何时到”，用 when。
25. why　问原因“他为什么这么开心”，用 why。
F 组
26. I know (that) he is a teacher.　陈述句变宾语从句用 that，可省略。
27. I wonder if/whether she likes music.　一般疑问句变从句用 if/whether，并改为陈述语序。
28. Could you tell me where he lives 　特殊疑问句保留疑问词，用陈述语序，去掉 does。
29. Tom said (that) he would visit his uncle the next day.　直接引语变间接引语：人称、时态（will→would）、时间状语（tomorrow→the next day）相应变化。
30. She asked me why Mary was late.　主句 asked 过去时，从句用过去时，陈述语序。
G 组
31. if/whether he agrees
32. when the train leaves
33. that the earth is round
34. why I was late for class
35. whether he can arrive on time
H 组
36. where does he live → where he lives　（宾语从句用陈述语序，去掉 does）
37. what was I doing → what I was doing　（陈述语序，主谓不倒装）
38. travelled → travels　（客观真理用一般现在时）
39. will go → would go　（主句过去时，从句用过去将来时）
40. isn’t → is　（否定前移，I don’t think 后从句用肯定形式）
I 组
1. that　2. if/whether　3. whether/if　4. when　5. where　6. rises　7. that
四、答题要点回顾
先判引导词：陈述句→that；一般疑问句→if/whether；特殊疑问句→保留疑问词。
再查语序：从句必须“主语+谓语”，去掉 do/does/did 和倒装。
最后看时态：主句过去→从句过去；客观真理→一般现在时。
特别记：whether or not、介词后、不定式前只用 whether；I don’t think... 否定前移。
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