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https://book.21cnjy.com/studio/detail id=2032
What changes can inventions bring to our lives
(Section A Grammar)
人教版（2024） 九年级上册
Unit 5 Power of Ideas
通过本节课学习，我能够：
1. 在情景任务中分析、归纳语法规则，提升逻辑归纳能力。
2. 掌握一般现在时、一般过去时被动语态结构（am/is/are + done；
was/were + done），在句子、短文中正确运用被动语态。
3. 了解青藏铁路等科技与工程成就，感受科技改变生活，体会我国
基建成就，增强民族自豪感。
Learning objectives
Do you remember Fu Xing and Peter’s conversation. Fill in the blanks.
Review
Peter thinks the ______ is the most useful invention of all time. Before it _____________, information ________ slowly. The radio _______ the world much smaller, letting news _______ around the world in seconds.
It was invented by an Italian __________ Guglielmo Marconi. He __________ it in the 1890s. In 1901, the first radio message ________ the Atlantic Ocean. The radio also helped other __________ like the TV appear. It allowed people ________ music from different artists _________________ more easily.
radio
was invented
spread
made
inventor
travel
developed
crossed
inventions
all over the world
to enjoy
Lead-in
A mini-camera ____________ (connect) to the front of the glasses.
Words can also ___________ (turn) into sound.
All the food ________ (cut) and fried.
The oil and salt ___________ (add) by the machine itself.
Some amazing inventions _____________ (show) from all over the world last weekend.
Almost everything under the sun can _________ (make) by it.
In medicine even hearts can __________ (create) by the 3D printer.
The object ___________ (design) on a computer.
How do people talk about the inventions Fill in the blanks.
is connected
be turned
is cut
are added
were shown
be made
be created
is designed
请仔细观察，句子中的动词用了什么形式？
Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice.
A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses.
The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself.
Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer.
A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901.
被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态
含情态动词的被动语态
一般过去时的被动语态
4a
思考：观察be动词的时态变化，前三个句子和后面一个句子被动语态形式有什么区别？
一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
英语中有两种语态，即主动语态（the active voice）和被动语态（the passive voice）。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的发出者。被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
一、被动语态的含义：
二、被动语态的构成：
被动语态由 “be 动词（am/is/are/was/were）+及物动词的过去分词” 构成。be动词随主语的人称和数及时态的变化而变化。
动词原形 过去分词
bring
build
buy
catch
choose
cost
cut
动词原形 过去分词
do
draw
dream
drink
drive
eat
fall
常见不规则动词的过去分词。
brought
built
bought
caught
chosen
cost
cut
done
drawn
dreamt/dreamed
drunk
driven
eaten
fallen
动词原形 过去分词
find
forget
give
go
grow
have
hear
动词原形 过去分词
hide
hurt
keep
know
leave
light
make
found
forgotten
given
gone
grown
had
heard
hidden
hurt
kept
known
left
lit/lighted
made
动词原形 过去分词
pay
put
read
say
see
send
set
动词原形 过去分词
show
take
teach
tell
think
wear
write
paid
put
read
said
seen
sent
set
shown
taken
taught
told
thought
worn
written
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + be动词(am/ is/ are/ was/ were) +及物动词的过去分词（+其他）. The kite is/was made by my father.
这个风筝是我爸爸做的。
否定句 主语 + be动词(am /is /are /was/ were) + not + 及物动词的过去分词（+其他）. The kite isn’t/wasn’t made by my father.
这个风筝不是我爸爸做的。
三、句式结构：
句式 结构 例句
一般疑问句 Be动词(Am/Is/Are/Was/Were)+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+其他) 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be动词. 否定回答：No,主语+be动词+not. --Is/Was the kite made by your father
这个风筝是你爸爸做的吗？
--Yes, it is/was. 是的，它是。
--No, it isn’t/wasn’t. 不，它不是。
特殊疑问句 疑问词(组)+be动词(am/is/are /was/were) (+主语)+及物动词的过去分词(+其他) What is/was made by your father
什么是你爸爸做的？
四、被动语态的用法：
(1) 不知道或没必要说明动作的发出者时。
These books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。
(2) 强调动作的发出者时，可以用 by 引出。
Basketball was invented by James Naismith.
篮球运动是由詹姆斯·奈史密斯发明的。
(3) 出于礼貌等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的发出者是谁。
He was invited to attend a lecture on how to improve the memory.
他被邀请去参加一个如何提高记忆力的讲座。
五、主动语态变被动语态的方法：
① 将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语。
② 将主动语态中的谓语变为“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”
③ 将主动语态中的主语置于by后，作by的宾语， 有时也可省略。
主动语态：Jack/He tells a story.
被动语态：______________________________.
动作的发出者
动作的承受者
（强调动作的发出者）
（强调动作的承受者）
A story
is told
Jack/him
by
六、被动语态的特殊情况：
如果主动句中有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可以将其中任何一个宾语变成被动句的主语。
My teacher gave me some advice.
I was given some advice by my teacher.
Some advice was given to me by my teacher.
1. The telephone _____________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876.
2. People all over the world ______________ (connect) to each other
through the internet.
3. The word “robot” _______________ (introduce)for the first time
in a play in 1920.
4. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button
_____________ (press)to start the machine.
5. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel ___________ (find) in
Eastern Europe.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
was invented
are connected
was introduced
4b
was pressed
was found
What do you think the inventors have in common
I think they all have creative thinking.
Is it useful in our daily life
Yes, it is. Creative thinking is really useful. It helps us deal with not only small matters but also some big and tough projects.
Let’s watch a video then answer the question.
The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It __________ (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass.
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway.
connects
4c
The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas ___________ (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes __________ (use) to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to ___________ (create) instead. In some other places, bridges __________ (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and _______ (allow) animals to pass under the tracks.
were needed
were used
be created
were built
allow
As an important and successful project, the railway has ___________ (increase) tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help ___________ (improve) transport in other similar places in the world.
increased
to improve
Finish time
Total length
Function
Challenges and solutions
Contribution (贡献)
in 2006
1,956 kilometres
It connects Xining to Lhasa.
Pipes were placed to keep the ground hard in summer when the top layer of frozen ground melted and became too soft.
Tunnels were created instead of building the railway over the frozen ground.
Bridges were built to keep the railway up above the ground.
It has increased tourism and economic development in the area.
It will help to improve transport in other similar places in the world.
Profile of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway
1. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when ...
suppose v. (1) 认为；推断
Language points
suppose sb/sth（to be）... 认为/推断某人/某物（是……）
suppose（that）... 认为/推断……
We suppose his method to be effective.
我们认为他的方法很有效。
I suppose（that）she recognized you.
我推断她认出了你。
(2) 假定；假设 suppose（that）... 假设……
Suppose (that) flights are fully booked on that day, what should we do
假设那天的航班都订满了，我们应该怎么办？
be supposed to do/be sth 应当做（某事）或是（某物） 表示按规定、习惯、安排等应当做某事或是某物。
否定形式为 “be not supposed to do/be sth”。
As teenagers, we are supposed to put our brains to good use.
作为青少年，我们应该有效用脑。
Everyone is not supposed to be late when taking an exam.
考试时大家都不应该迟到。
2. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes were used to keep the ground hard.
(1) frozen adj. ① 冻硬的；冰封的
The frozen river is melting faster than we expected.
这条结冰的河流融化得比我们预想的要快。
② 冻僵的；极冷的
You must be frozen! Come and sit by the fire.
你肯定冻僵了！坐到炉火边上来。
③ 冷冻的；冷藏的
If you go to Harbin, you can try frozen pears.
如果你去哈尔滨，可以尝尝冻梨。
拓展：frozen 的相关词
freeze v. （使）冻结；结冰
frozen adj. 冻硬的；冰封的
freezing adj. 极冷的；冰冻的
(2) melt v. ①（使）融化；逐渐消失
The snow showed no sign of melting.
雪没有一点融化的迹象。
②（使）软化，变得温柔
Her trusting smile melted his heart.
她那信任的微笑使他的心变软了。
(3) pipe ① n. 管道；管子
He hit a water pipe and the flat was filled with water.
他撞到了一根水管，公寓被水灌满了。
② n. 烟斗
Dad was smoking his pipe when I entered the room.
我进房间时，爸爸正吸着烟斗。
③ v. 用管道输送
We need to pipe water across the sandy areas to grow more trees.
我们需要把水通过管道输送到沙区，以便种植更多树木。
3. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building ...
gain ① v. 获得；取得
Students can gain valuable experience by working on the school magazine. 学生们通过在校刊工作能够获得宝贵的经验。
② v. 增加；增添；增长
gain confidence/strength/experience 增加信心/力量/经验
With the government’s support, many young people begin to gain confidence. 在政府的支持下，许多年轻人开始增加信心。
③ n. 好处；利益；改进；收获；收益
These decisions have resulted in great gains in public health.
这些决定使公共卫生得到极大改进。
[谚语] No pain, no gain. 一分耕耘，一分收获。
Section A (Grammar Focus)
Grammar:
Passive voice with simple present and past tenses.
Summary
Words & expressions:
telephone, suppose, be supposed to do/be sth, wheel,
eastern, layer, frozen, melt, pipe, tourism, economic,
gain
Exercise
This kind of ________ (轮子) was found in Eastern Europe hundreds of years ago.
The ________ (层) of frozen ground is hard to build roads on.
The _________ (经济的) development of Tibet becomes better because of the railway.
It is hard to build roads on the ________ (冻结的) ground in cold areas.
The Qinghai Xizang Railway helps develop _________ (旅游业) in this area.
You will ________ (获得) much knowledge if you keep studying hard.
I. 根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
wheel
layer
economic
frozen
tourism
gain
Lots of small things __________ (make) by 3D printers in our daily life now.
A radio message ________ (send) across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901.
Many animal friendly bridges ____________ (build) along the railway years ago.
It is believed that the oldest wheel __________ (find) in Eastern Europe a long time ago.
Students ___________ (teach) to protect the animals in biology classes.
The oil and salt ___________ (add) into the machine by itself.
II. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
are made
was sent
were built
was found
are taught
are added
Homework
1. Review the grammar of passive voice with simple present and past tenses.
2. Review the language points in this lesson.
Must do:
Do some related exercises.
Try to do:
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