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专题五 数词
图解语法·学规律
数
词
基数词
基数词
的用法
基数词的读写：one，two，thre...
编号表达
名词＋基数词：Room 306，Grade 7(2025·19)
时间表达
基本三要素：整点；一刻钟；半小时：ten o’clock；a quarter；half past eight
直接表达法(顺读法)：小时+分钟：three twenty
间接表达法(逆读法)：先分后时：thirteen past six
年龄表达
基数词(＋years old)：32/thirty-two years old
at the age of+基数词：at the age of 32/thirty-two
in one’s＋整十的复数形式：in his forties
复合形容词：基数词-year-old；ten-year-old
距离表达 基数词＋名词所有格：twenty minutes’drive
倍/次数表达 三倍/次及以上：基数词+times：five times
数
词
序数词
序数词的读写 first，second，third...
序数词的用法
the＋序数词，意为“第几”：the first time
a/an＋序数词，意为“又一，再一”：a second chance
the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词，意为“第……最……的”：the third highest mountain
in the＋序数词＋century，意为“在……世纪”：in the 19th century
the＋序数词＋名词，表示物品编号：the fifteenth page
基数词
和序数
词的混
合用法
分数表达
年月日表达
子基母序，分子大于1，分母加-s：four sevenths
年用基数词，日可基可序：in 1961(2025·16)，August 14th，2026
考点一　基数词
语境体悟
根据句意及括号里的提示词完成句子(不可直接填写数字)
1.The famous town is _______ (十五) kilometers from Yangzhou.
2.My grandfather is ______________ (九十多岁)，but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well.
3.In our school，we usually do eye exercises ______ (两次) a day.
4.Please turn to Page ___________ (二十一) and look at the picture.
语境语法·练运用
fifteen
in his nineties
twice
twenty-one
请在句子中画出需要改正的内容，并将改正后的答案写在题后的横线上
5.The fifth lesson is the most interesting in the ninth lessons. _________
6.There are two thousands students in their school. __________
7.I live on the twelve floor of this building. __________
nine
thousand
twelfth
用法总结
一、读写规律
分类 规律 示例
0－12 无规律，逐个记 zero，one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve
13－19 以－teen 结尾 thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen
分类 规律 示例
20－90 之间的整十数字 以-ty 结尾 twenty，thirty，forty，fifty，sixty，seventy，eighty，ninety
21－99 之间的非整十数字 十位与个位之间加连字符(-) 21： twenty-one　36： thirty-six　98： ninety－eight
100－999 整百：1－9 ＋ hundred 其他：百位数与十位数(若无十位数，则和个位数)之间用and连接 200： two hundred
158： one hundred and fifty-eight
二、基数词的用法
分类 用法 示例
表示数量 后接名词 one apple，three eggs
hundred， thousand， million 表示笼统的数字：hundreds/thousands/millions of ＋ 可数名词复数 hundreds of people 数百人
表示具体的数字：基数词/several/a few ＋ hundred/thousand/million＋可数名词复数 two hundred students 两百名学生
分类 用法 示例
构成复合形容词 基数词和可数名词单数之间用连字符(-) a three－room house 一个三室的房子
编号表达 名词 ＋ 基数词(首字母大写) Room 306，Class 1，Grade 7(2025·19)
时间表达 基本三要素
分类 用法 示例
时间表达 直接表达法 (顺读法)：小时＋分钟 three twenty
间接表达法 (逆读法)：先分后时 ①分钟≤30：分钟数 ＋ past ＋ 已过钟点数，意为 “几点过几分” ②分钟＞30：(60－分钟数) ＋ to ＋ 下个钟点数，意为 “差几分到几点” 6：13： thirteen past six
4：58： two to five
分类 用法 示例
年龄表达 基数词 (＋ years old) 32/thirty－two years old 三十二岁
at the age of ＋ 基数词 at the age of 32/thirty-two 在三十二岁时
in one’s ＋ 整十的复数形式 in his forties 在他四十多岁的时候
复合形容词：基数词-year-old ten-year-old 十岁的
距离表达 基数词 ＋ 名词所有格 twenty minutes’ drive 开车二十分钟 (的路程)
倍/次数表达 一倍 (次) 用 once，两倍 (次) 用 twice 三倍/次及以上：基数词 ＋ times five times 五倍/次
seven times 七倍/次
考点二　序数词
语境体悟
根据句意及括号里的提示词完成句子(不可直接填写数字)
8.(2026·天水)We celebrate International Workers’ Day in the _____ (five) month of a year.
9.(2026·凉山州)I’ve never been to Dali before. This will be _________ (我第一次) visit to Erhai Lake.
10.The Eiffel Tower，a cultural landmark of France，was completed at the end of ____________________ (十九世纪).
11.—What’s the ________ (two) longest river in China？
—The Yellow River.
12.Please turn to _____________________ (第八页) and look at the first picture on it. Let’s talk about it.
fifth
my first
the nineteenth century
second
the eighth page/ Page 8
用法总结
一、读写规律
规律 示例
1－3：与基数词完全不同 first，second，third
4，6，7，10，11，13－19，整百：基数词直接加 －th fourth，sixth，seventh，tenth，eleventh，thirteenth，one hundredth
5，8，9，12：8 去 t，9 去 e，ve 要用 f 替，再加－th fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth
整十：变 y 为ie，再加 －th twentieth，thirtieth，ninetieth
几十几：十位用基数词，个位用序数词 twenty－first，thirty－seventh
二、序数词的用法
用法 示例
the ＋ 序数词，意为 “第几” Take the first right，and then the second left. 在第一个路口向右拐，然后再在第二个路口向左拐。
a/an ＋ 序数词，意为 “又一，再一”，内含顺序性 We’ve talked about it twice. Must we try it a third time？ 我们已经讨论过两次了。我们必须再尝试(讨论)一次吗？
the ＋ 序数词 ＋ 形容词最高级 ＋ 名词，意为 “第……最……的” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。
用法 示例
in the ＋序数词＋ century，意为 “在……世纪” in the 19th century 在19世纪
the ＋ 序数词 ＋ 名词，表示物品编号，等于 “名词 ＋ 基数词” the fifteenth page ＝ Page 15　第15页
序数词前不加the的情况 1.形容词性物主代词/名词所有格＋序数词时，序数词前不用加 the 2.序数词与名词构成的复合形容词前不加 the my sixth class 我的第六节课
Mike’s first song Mike的第一首歌
a second-hand house 一间二手房
考点三　基数词和序数词的混合用法
语境体悟
请在句子中画出需要改正的内容，并将改正后的答案写在题后的横线上
13.Three fifths of the water are polluted in the river. ___________
14.He came to Beijing for the first time on June 6，2010s. __________
15.There are 30 students in the art club. One thirds are boys. So the club has twenty girls. ___________
is
2010
One third
根据句意及括号里的提示词完成句子(不可直接填写数字)
16.___________________ (四分之一) of the students in our class go to school by bike every day.
17.(2026·广元) —Every year，thousands of visitors come to Guangyuan.
—It’s reported that nearly _________ (三分之二) of them are from other provinces.
18.My best friend moved to London _________________________________
_______________________________ (在2020年5月5日)，and I haven’t seen her since then.
One fourth/ A quarter
two thirds
on May 5(th)， 2020/ on 5(th) May，
2020/ on the fifth day of May， 2020
用法总结
分类 用法 示例
分数 表达 子基母序，分子大于1，分母加-s 与名词连用时，常用的表达方式为：分数＋of＋the＋名词 【注意】谓语动词的单复数要与它们所修饰的名词的数保持一致 1/3： one third
1/2： a half或one half
1/4： one fourth或a quarter
3/4： three fourths或three quarters
年月日 表达 年份和年代用基数词表示，表示年代时要在基数词后加-s in 1961 (2026·16) 在1961 年
in the 1880s 在19世纪80年代
年月日 表达 日期的书写在使用阿拉伯数字表示时既可用基数词，也可用序数词，但要读作序数词；英语中年月日的排列顺序为“月日年” 或 “日月年” 2010年8月1日可写作：
August 1(st)，2010
1(st) August，2010
the 1st (day) of August，2010
模拟演练·提能力
语篇填空
A
主题：人与社会——中国戏剧形式中的文化价值　　　情境：“梨园”的由来
real　art　carry　in　build　because　thousand　great　show　they
　　Chinese opera has a special name： “Liyuan.” In China，the word “Liyuan” means a traditional opera troupe (戏班) or the places where artists perform.
It is said that the Tang emperor was very interested 1.___ opera. To meet his strong love，he 2._____ a “school” to train actors. The place was named “Liyuan” 3.________ there were lots of pear trees with green leaves.
in
built
because
More than a(n) 4._________ young people were trained in this school. These young students were known as the “children of the Liyuan.”
They trained so well that many actors became the 5._________ performers in the whole country. The emperor would hold imperial(皇帝的)6.______ upon their graduation. Therefore，they didn’t have to be worried about losing 7.______ jobs. With great skills and the support of the emperor，the opera became 8.______ popular at that time. Over time，the term “Children of the Liyuan” became a name for all traditional opera artists.
real　art　carry　in　build　because　thousand　great　show　they
thousand
greatest
shows
their
really
Traditional opera is more than an ancient 9.____. It is an important part of our culture. It 10._______ valuable cultural meaning. Let’s pass down the “Liyuan” culture and make traditional operas
heard and seen by more people.
real　art　carry　in　build　because　thousand　great　show　they
art
carries
B
主题：人与社会——对社会进步有突出贡献的人物　　　　
情境：北宋科学家沈括
move　when　influence　nine　close　receive　field　greatly　cover　he
　　Shen Kuo was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty. He did well in many 1._______ like maths and physics，and also made great contributions (贡献) to art and literature. One of his most famous works is Brush Talks from Dream Brook (《梦溪笔谈》).
fields
In 1040，when Shen Kuo was 2._____，he took an interest in reading. His mother was a learned person and she influenced the boy 3._______. When he was eleven，Shen Kuo started 4.________ formal (正式的) education. And then reading became one of his daily activities. One year later，his family 5._______ to a different city. On the way，he learned what the outside world was like.
move　when　influence　nine　close　receive　field　greatly　cover　he
nine
greatly
receiving
moved
6.______ he was in his thirties，Shen Kuo often dreamed about a hill. In the dreams，the top of the hill was 7.________ with beautiful flowers. A river flowed (流淌) quietly and there were trees along the river. Later，when traveling around，Shen Kuo found a land much 8.______ to his ideal world than any other place. He loved the place so much that he stayed there for the rest of 9.____ life.
Although Shen Kuo lived over 900 years ago，his work still has a great 10.__________ on modern science and research. This scientific work has
been translated into a number of different languages，including English，
French，German and Japanese.
move　when　influence　nine　close　receive　field　greatly　cover　he
When
covered
closer
his
influence

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