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Key question
沪教牛津版八年级上册
Unit 5
Going on an exchange trip
Grammar
主题范畴：人与社会
What is it like to experience a new culture?
Warm-up: Watch a video and fill in the blanks.
下周我就要开始上五年级了。
Next week, I start fifth grade.
在这之前，我从未上过真正的学校……
And since I ________________ to a real school before...?
我做过二十七次手术。
I ________________(have) twenty-seven surgeries /?s??d??ri/ .
这样我才能呼吸、看东西、不靠助听器也能听清。
They ________________ me to breath, to see, to hear without hearing aids.
但没有一项手术让我看上去正常。
But none of them ________________ me look ordinary.
你有想过做整形手术吗？
______ you ever ________ about having plastic /?pl?st?k/ surgery?
have never been
have had
have helped
have made
Have thought
The Present Perfect Tense
现 在 完 成 时
用法
标志词
动词
结构
句型
变换
1.表示过去发生的动作跟现在有联系、对现在有影响
They have helped me to breath, to see, to hear without
hearing aids. （现在能够呼吸，看见，听见）
2.表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在
I have had twenty-seven surgeries.
用法
Dear Mum,
I have been in Beijing for a week now. I’m staying with my host family and they are friendly. I have just learnt how to play Go. My host brother Wei taught me the rules. He has also shown me the medals he won.
I have done lots of fun things so far! I have learnt some useful Chinesephrases at a local school with my British classmates. I haven’t practised them yet but I will soon! Our teacher has told us we will do some Chinese painting and tai chi next week. I haven't tried tai chi before, so I am excited!
By the way, Wei hasn't been to the UK. I’d like to invite him to London during summer holiday. What do you think?
Love,
Eric
动词结构
We form the present perfect tense with _____ or _____ + the past participle (过去分词) of the main verb.
have
has
have/has done
I/ You /We / They have made a lot of new friends.
I/ You / We/They have not (haven't) made a lot of new friends.
Have I/you / we / they made a lot of new friends?
Yes, I/ you /we / they have.
No, I/ you /we / they haven’t.
He/ She /It has worked hard.
He / She / It has not (hasn’t) worked hard.
Has he/ she / it worked hard?
Yes, he/ she / it has.
No, he/ she / it hasn’t.
句型转换
否定句
一般疑问句
一般疑问句回答
肯定句
一、基本结构：have / has +动词的过去分词(p.p.)
二、句型
肯定句：主语+ have / has +过去分词(p.p.)+其他.
否定句：主语+ have / has + not +过去分词(p.p.)+其他.
一般疑问句：Have / Has +主语+过去分词(p.p.)
+其他?
简略回答：Yes, 主语+ have / has.（肯定）
No,主语+ haven’t / hasn’t.（否定）
Let's work out the rule.
Things to remember
I / You / We / They have = I’ve/You’ve/We’ve/They’ve
He/She/It has = He’s/She’s/It’s
have not = haven’t has not = hasn’t
The past participle of a regular verb is usually the same as its past tense. You can find the past participles of some irregular verbs on pages 141 and 142.
常规动词的过去分词通常与其过去式相同。你可以在第141页和第142页找到一些不规则动词的过去分词。
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}原形
过去式
过去分词
规则
accept
tour
notice
exchange
stop
prefer
copy
study
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}accepted
toured
accepted
toured
一般在词尾直接加“ed”
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}noticed
exchanged
noticed
exchanged
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}stopped
preferred
stopped
preferred
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}copied
studied
copied
studied
以不发音的“e”结尾只在词尾加 “d”
重读闭音节结尾， 辅元辅结构， 先双写该辅音字母，
再加“ed”
“辅音字母 + y” 结尾，将 “y”变为 “i” ，再加“ed”
Irregular verbs
AAA型 set set set ；cut cut cut; cost cost cost
AAB型 beat
ABA型 come run
ABB型 deal dig get
ABC型
do see
go choose
beat beaten
came come ran run
dealt dealt dug dug got got
did done saw seen
went gone chose chosen
I'm excited to share my exchange trip to the UK! I (1) _________(be) in the UK for two weeks already. So far, this trip (2) __________ (be) an amazing experience.
The school I’m studying at is great. I (3) __________ (make) lots
of friends here already. The classes are really interesting, and I (4) ____________ (learn) a lot about British culture. My English (5) _____________ (improve) a lot too.
There are lots of fun activities after school. We (6) _____ already ________(visit) several famous tourist spots, such as the Tower of London and Big Ben.
I (7) __________ (have) so much fun during this trip, and I don’t
want it to end. This experience (8) ____ really __________(change)
my life!
have been
has been
have made
have learnt
has improved
have
visited
have had
has
changed
Practice
1.How long has Eric been in Beijing?
Eric has been in Beijing for a week now.
2.What is Eric’s host family like?
They are friendly.
3.Who has taught him to play Go?
His host brother, Wei.
4.What has Wei shown Eric?
Wei has shown Eric the medals he won.
5.What have Eric and his British classmates learnt at the local school?
They have learnt some useful Chinese phrases.
6.What will Eric learn next week?
Chinese painting and tai chi.
Read the passage on P73 and then answer the questions.
(1) I have already finished my homework.
(2) Have you ever been to Paris yet?
(3) She has never tried sushi already.
(4) Have they visited the museum yet?
√
√
Warm-up
Correct the mistakes.
Sarah has been in Beijing for a week. She has stayed with her host family since 14 October. She has already tried a lot of local food in Beijing, but she hasn’t visited many places of interest. For example, she has not seen the Great Wall yet. And has she ever been to the Summer Palace? No, she has never been to the Summer Palace. She hopes to go there next week.
Read the passage below and pay attention to the words in bold.
标志词
We can use already, yet, ever, never, since and for with the present perfect.
We use _____ with a point in time.
We use _____ with a period of time.
We can use the adverbs already, ever and never after have / has and before the main verb.
We often use ___ at the end of a question or a negative sentence.
yet
since
for
时间点
时间段
already：表示动作_______完成（常用于________________）
例句： I have already read this book.
ever：询问是否______有过某种经历（常用于__________）
例句： Have you ever visited the Great Wall?
never：表示______有过某种经历（通常用于_____, 表否定）
例句： I have never seen a dragon dance.
yet：表示动作______完成（常用于______________________）
例句： Have you finished your work yet?
I haven’t finished my work yet.
Explore the meaning
已经
曾经
从未
尚未
肯定句中或句末
疑问句中
句中
疑问句或否定句，句末
for
since
for表示“持续……”，后跟时间段
I have lived in Guangzhou since I was born.
I have lived in Guangzhou for a long time.
since表示“自从……”，后跟时间点或含一般过去时的从句
2025
10 years ago/2015
10 years
I have lived in Guangzhou since 2015.
I has lived in Guangzhou since 10 years ago.
I has lived in Guangzhou for 10 years.
{4ADA8810-E442-455F-97B3-CEDD5F1F43A2}already (已经)
常用于肯定句
yet (尚未)
常用于疑问句或否定句末
ever (曾经)
通常用于疑问句中
never (从不)
构成否定句
since (自从)
后跟时间点或一般过去时的句子
for (达，计)
后跟一段时间
Summary
现在完成时的标志词
标志词除上表外，还有：so far, once, twice, just等。
1. He has not finished his homework ________.
A. already B. yet C. ever D. never
2. —Have you _________ been to Shanghai before?
—No, this is my first time.
A. already B. yet C. ever D. never
3. He has learnt English ______ he was in Grade 3.
A. since B. for
4. They have play basketball _______ an hour.
A. since B. for

Practice
Doris and Chris are good friends. They ___________ (know) each other ______ a long time. They first met each other in the Tennis Club.
Doris is now in London on an exchange trip. She _________ (be) away ______ last Sunday. Chris went
on holiday the week before. Therefore. Doris ___________(not see) Chris ______ two weeks.
have known
for
has been
since
hasn’t seen
for
1 Complete the passage with the correct form ofthe verbs in brackets and since or for. P74
Sarah (1)_________ (be) in China for two weeks and she (2)_________ (go) back home next week. A few days ago, Su Mei, Li Hua and Wang Jun (3)_________ (decide) to throw a farewell party for Sarah. Su Mei (4)____ already _____ (send) all the invitations. Li Hua (5)___________ (buy) the food and drinks for the party. Wang Jun (6)_____ just _______ (choose) the right music for the party, but he (7)_______________ (not check) the sound system yet. Su Mei and Li Hua (8)_______________ (not finish) decorating the classroom yet. They (9)_____ still ________ (blow) up the balloons.
has been
will go
decided
has
sent
has bought
has
chosen
hasn’t checked
haven’t finished
are
blowing
Exercise on P138
have gone to , have been to, have been in
1 A: Lily，where is your mother?
B: Oh, she has gone to (去了) Shanghai for a meeting.
*去而未归（The person is not here）.
2 A: Where have you been these days, Tom?
B: I have been to (去过) Tibet.

*去而复返（The person has come back and now he is here）.
3, She has been in China for many years.
have gone to sp. :某人刚去了某地，还没有回来。
have been to sp. : 去过某地，但已经回来了，
常与ever，never，次数搭配。
have been in sp.: 某人一直呆在某地，常与时间段搭配。
*The person stays somewhere for some time.
易错点
用have/has been to, have/has gone to,have/has been in填空.
1.—Where is your brother?
—He ____________ the shop. He’ll be back soon.
2. — ______ you ever _________ America?
—Yes, I ___________ New York twice.
3. —I didn't see you last week. Where _____ you _____?
—I _____________ London.
4. —David _______________ Australia.
—I’m sure he’s already arrived.
5. —Can Amy speak Chinese?
—Of course, she ___________ China for ten years.
has gone to
Have been to
have been to
have
have been to
has gone to
been
has been in
More Practice
1. He has? ____ been to Shanghai, has he ?
Ａ.? already?? Ｂ.never??? Ｃ.ever??? Ｄ. yet
2. --Would you like some hamburgers?
--No, thanks. I have ______ had lunch.
Ａ.? already?? Ｂ.yet??? Ｃ.ever??? Ｄ. never
3. Have you _______ thought about the future?
Ａ.? yet?? Ｂ.never??? Ｃ.ever??? Ｄ. already
I haven’t learned this word ______.
Ａ.? yet?? Ｂ.never??? Ｃ.ever??? Ｄ. already
一、选择题。
1. A: ______ Lisa ever ______(take) dance classes?
B: Yes, she has. She took 6-week lessons before she came to the city.
2. A: Where is your sister, Sam?
B: She _______ _______(go)to the market. She will be home soon.
3. A: Mum, could we go out to play now?
B: I’m afraid not. The rain _______ _______ (not stop) yet.
We have to stay at home.
4. A:_______ you _______(be) to Hong Kong?
B:Yes, I have been (be) there twice.
5. A: _______ you ever _______(eat) chocolate sundaes(圣代冰淇淋)?
B: No, never.
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式完成句子。
Has taken
has gone
hasn't stopped
Have been
Have eaten
·Have you ever been to Australia/ Canada/Japan/India ...?
·Have you visited the Great Wall/...?
·How long have you stayed/been in ...?
·Have you ever eaten ...?
…
Answer the questions with already, yet, ever, never, since and for.
Interviewer
Interviewee
Talk about your travelling experiences with your classmates.
In this class, we have learned
the usages of the present perfect tense.
the verb structure of the present perfect tense.
the sentence transformation of the present perfect tense.
the time markers of the present perfect tense.
Summary
Self-assessment
How well do you know about this lesson? Tick the boxes.
① I know the usages of the present perfect tense. 口 口 口
② I can use the present perfect tense correctly. 口 口 口
③ I can remember the time markers clearly. 口 口 口

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