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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 6 Live green
Understanding ideas Grammar 教学设计
1.课时教学目标
通过本课时学习，学生能够：
（1）理解并掌握构词法的意义和用法；
（2）运用本课时的核心词汇、句型和语法讨论一件实用但会造成环境问题的日常用品。
2.核心语言
核心词汇：invention, travel, need, produce, harmful gases, pollute the air, truck, CO2 emissions, danger, energy, electric cars等。
核心语法：构词法。
3.教学过程
教学目标 学习活动 效果评价
Review A/B/C层学生根据笔记内容复述课文。 根据学生的复述情况，评价其对上一课时所学的掌握程度。
理解并掌握构词法的意义和用法。 语法学习 1.A/B/C层学生阅读句子，观察加粗单词的词形构成，在教师的引导下理解三个词分别是通过派生、转化和合成的方式生成的。 2.A/B/C层学生总结构词法。 3.A/B/C层学生在课文中找出更多运用构词法的词，并分类整理。 语法运用 1.A/B/C层学生根据构词法完成填空。 2.A/B/C层学生观察图片，回答问题：What can you see in the picture What do you think the passage is about A层学生进一步回答问题：What do you know about the history of cars 3.A/B/C层学生根据构词法完成填空。 4.A/B层学生思考并讨论问题：How do you and your family usually travel What can you do to reduce air pollution 根据学生的完成情况，评价其对构词法规则的理解程度。 根据学生的填空情况，评价其对构词法的内化及掌握程度。 根据学生的完成情况，评价其能否在主题语境下运用构词法。
运用本课时的核心词汇、句型和语法讨论一件实用但会造成环境问题的日常用品。 1.A/B/C层学生观察图片，回答问题：What are they What are they used for 2.A/B/C层学生看教材上的思维导图，选择一件实用但会造成环境问题的日常用品。 3.A层学生听录音，回答问题：What are the benefits of smartphones What environmental problems do they cause What should we do B/C层学生听录音，完成填空，补全对话。 4.A/B层学生两人一组，尝试运用教材上的表达进行对话。 C层学生运用教材上及教师补充的语言支架回答思维导图中的问题，组织语言进行对话。 根据学生的对话情况，评价其能否正确运用本课时的核心词汇、句型和语法讨论一件实用但会造成环境问题的日常用品。
作业内容： A/B层 Write a paragraph about an everyday thing that is useful but causes environmental problems. C层 Write down your conversation with your partner about an everyday thing that is useful but causes environmental problems.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共56张PPT)
Unit 6
构词法(合成、派生、转化)
能够理解构词法知识，并正确运用根据构词法知识拓展的相关词汇。
能够使用所学内容讨论一个有用但是造成环境问题的日常用品。
pollute
v. 污染
emission
n. 排放物，散发物
The gas emissions from this factory pollute the water and the air.
electronic
adj. 电子的；电子器件的
n. 货车，卡车
My father drives an electronic truck to send goods every day.
truck
1 Reuse means “_________”.
2 Though __________ (pollute) is heavy now, I don’t think it’s __________ (hope) — we still have _________ (hope) .
use again
pollution
hopeless
hope
Complete the sentences.
(a) It quickly replaced wood and other natural materials.
(b) Even humans are eating plastic waste!
(c) Plastic makes life easier for many people, yet it brings long-lasting troubles to our planet.
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
quick + -ly
v. n.
long + lasting
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Read the following sentences carefully. And pay attention to the words in red.
1. If the rivers are polluted, farmers can’t use the water for their crops.
2. If everyone starts to do something, the world will be saved.
3. We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day, and it is harmful to our environment.
4. Before you buy something new, think whether it is really necessary because maybe old one is just as good!
5. Let’s take these simple steps today so that we will save the world for our grandsons and granddaughters tomorrow.
1. 合成法
将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词的方法叫做合成法。合成法是一种比较灵活的构词方法，可以合成名词、形容词、副词、代词、动词等。例如：
afternoon, sportsman, blackboard, sportsperson, newspaper, airplane, classmate, grandfather等就是通过合成构词法构成的名词；kind-hearted, middle-aged, hard-working 等为合成形容词；however, maybe, himself, everyone, nothing, overlook 等也都是通过合成法构成的单词。
构 词 法
Can you list more compound words
one new compound word
one word
one word
+
Do you know the meanings of these words
2. 派生法
通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法叫作派生法。
要通过派生法理解和记忆单词,
要掌握常见的前缀和后缀及派生规律。
1) 常见前缀
前缀 含义 例词
dis- 不 disagree, dislike
en- 使……处于某种状态 enable, enrich
im-, in- 不 impossible, impatient, inexpensive
inter- 在……之间, 相互 international, interconnect
前缀 含义 例词
mis- 错误地 mislead, misunderstand
non- 不, 非 non-smoker, non-native
re- 再, 重复 rewrite, retell
un- 不 unable, unhappy, unpopular
2) 常见后缀
后缀 功能 例词
-er, -or 构成名词 teacher, worker, visitor
-ian musician
-ing building, painting, shopping, meaning
-ist artist, scientist
后缀 功能 例词
-ment 构成名词 agreement, government
-ness coldness, happiness, illness
-th truth, warmth
-tion competition, education, information, invitation
-ty activity, safety
后缀 功能 例词
-able, -ible 构成形容词 comfortable, eatable, enjoyable, possible,
-al environmental, international, national, traditional
-ful careful, helpful, useful
-ive active, expensive
-less careless, helpless, homeless, useless
后缀 功能 例词
-ly 构成 形容词 friendly, lovely, monthly, weekly
-ous dangerous, famous
-teen 构成数词 eighteen, fifteen, seventeen
-th fifteenth, fifth, fortieth, seventh
-ty forty, sixty, twenty
-ly 构成副词 badly, carefully, carelessly, happily, quickly
3) 派生规律
由一个词根加上相应的词缀可以派生出名词、形容词、副词等，掌握派生规律对扩充词汇有很大帮助。例如：
uninteresting
interestingly
interest
interesting
interested
uninterested
helpful — helpfully
help
helpless — helplessly
able
enable
unable
ability
disable
3. 转化法
构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称作转化法。常见的转化有：
1) 动词转化为名词
— Let’s talk about it more.
咱们再谈谈这件事吧。
— I think we’d better finish the talk now.
我想我们最好现在结束谈话。
2) 名词转化为动词
She gave me a cup of water.
她给了我一杯水。
You should water the flowers twice a day.
你应该每天给这些花浇两次水。
3) 形容词转化为名词
She was wearing a black dress.
她穿着一条黑色的裙子。
The girl in black looks very beautiful.
那个穿黑衣服的女孩看上去很漂亮。
派生法：在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词。
转化法：把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变。
合成法：将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词。
Find more example(s) of each type in the reading passage.
构词法 例词
派生
转化
合成
amazing, replace, natural, environmental, slowly, surprisingly, certainly, quietly, clearly, wisely
name, use, mistake
toothbrush
1. The factory’s _____________ (pollute) is causing harm to the environment.
2. The water is polluted. It is _____________ (safe) to drink.
3. Electronic _____________ (waste) is also _____________ (harm) to the environment.
4. The burning of oil for energy is one of the main causes of _____________ (green, house) gases.
pollution
Complete the sentences with the rules of word formation.
unsafe
waste
harmful
greenhouse
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Look at the title and picture and answer the questions.
1. What can you see in the picture
I can see several cars on the road. They produce a lot of pollution.
2. What do you think the passage is about
It might be about the history of cars.
3. What do you know about the history of cars
I know that cars are much cheaper than they were in the past and there are a lot of electric cars now.
Cars: a changing story
In the early 20th century, cars were welcomed as a very useful 1_____________. They helped people travel more
2_____________ and quickly. Over the years, cars have become a(n) 3_____________ need for many families.
Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to join two words in the box together to form a new word.
invention
easily
everyday/daily
7
However, we can now see that cars cause problems. Cars produce 4______________ gases that pollute the air. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), road travel, mainly cars, buses, taxis and trucks, produces about 15% of the world's CO2 emissions.
harmful
The 5____________ caused by cars has become a serious danger to the environment. As car 6____________ continues to grow, people are developing cars that use new kinds of energy. Today, electric cars are seen as an important part of a greener future.
pollution
use
Think and discuss the following two questions.
1. How do you and your family usually travel
2. What can you do to reduce air pollution
Ⅰ. Make new words. Join the parts of words in Box A with the words in Box B. You need to use some of the parts more than once.
A –able -ful im- -less re- un-
B care collect hope possible use
usual wanted waste
collectable, usable, careful, hopeful, useful, wasteful, impossible, careless, hopeless, useless, reuse, unusual, unwanted
Ⅱ. Play the guessing game English for Fun.
English for Fun
full of care ____________
2. can be collected ____________
3. full of hope ____________
4. without any hope ____________
5. not possible ____________
careful
collectable
hopeful
hopeless
impossible
6. not usual ____________
7. without any use ____________
8. use again ____________
9. not wanted ____________
10. making a lot of waste ____________
unusual
useless
reuse
unwanted
wasteful
Ⅲ. Complete the table.
Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
useful/useless
hope hopefully/ hopelessly
pollution —
water — —
waste
— — usually/
unusually
use
use
usefully/uselessly
hope
hopeful/hopeless
pollute
polluted/unpolluted
water
waste
wasteful/wasted
wastefully
usual/
unusual
Ⅳ. Complete the sentences.
A lunchbox is a box that you keep your lunch in.
A _________ is a card that you write on one side of and send to someone by post.
2. A _________ is a room where you have classes at school.
postcard
classroom
3. A __________ is a book that has one or more stories for children.
4. A __________ is a black board that is used at school for writing on with chalk.
storybook
blackboard
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
What are they What are they used for
paper
battery
smartphone
We use batteries to run clocks.
We use paper to take notes.
We use smartphones to call our friends.
1. What are the benefits of smartphones
2. What environmental problems do they cause
Smartphones make our lives easier. We use them every day to study, work and communicate.
When old smartphones are thrown away, they become e-waste. We can find harmful materials inside e-waste. These materials are bad for the environment.
3. What should we do
It’s better to use our smartphones for a longer time and deal with them properly.
Listen to the conversation. Then answer the questions.
Listen again and fill in the blanks.
A: Smartphones make our lives easier. We use them every day to .
B: That’s true, but they can also .
A: What do you mean
B: When old smartphones are , they become e-waste. We can find inside e-waste. These materials are .
A: That sounds worrying.
B: So it’s better to and deal with them properly.
study, work and communicate
cause problems
thrown away
harmful materials
bad for the environment
use our smartphones for a longer time
Discuss an everyday thing that is useful but causes environmental problems. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
8
... was considered / called ...
Many people believed ...
We can find ... In ...
We can now see that ... cause(s) problems.
Since ..., ... has become a danger to ...
... is causing problems.
... doesn't solve the problem.
It produces ... that cause(s) ...
1. What are the benefits
... was considered / called / believed ...
... makes ... easier / quicker / more convenient / ...
We use ... every day to ...
With ..., we are now able to ...
Thanks to ..., it is now easier / quicker / more convenient / ... to ...
Choose an everyday thing that is useful but causes environmental problems. Answer the questions to help you.
2. What environmental problems does it cause
We can find ... In ...
We can now see that ... cause(s) problems.
Since ..., ... has become a danger to ...
... is causing problems.
... doesn’t solve the problem.
It produces ... that cause(s) ...
3. What should we do
We should / had better (not) ...
It’s better (not) to ...
We should deal with them properly.
Instead of ..., we could try ...
A: Smartphones make our lives easier. We use them every day to study, work and communicate.
B: That's true, but they can also cause problems.
A: What do you mean
B: When old smartphones are thrown away, they become e-waste. We can find harmful materials inside e-waste. These materials are bad for the environment.
A: That sounds worrying.
B: So it's better to use our smartphones for a longer time and deal with them properly.
1. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), road travel, mainly cars, buses, taxis and trucks, produces about 15% of the world's CO2 emissions.
根据国际能源署（IEA）的数据，公路出行——主要是小汽车、公交车、出租车和卡车——产生了全球约15%的二氧化碳排放。
这是个简单句，主句是road travel produces about 15% of the world's CO2 emissions
介词短语作状语
名词短语作同位语
e.g. According to Ben, they are not getting on very well at the
moment.
Ben认为目前他们相处得不是很好。
You will be paid according to the amount of work you do.
你将会按照工作量的多少获得报酬。
according to 根据；按照；据……所说
to是介词，后可接名词、代词或从句
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 根据天气预报，明天将会下雪。
2) 据Tom所说，那是一部很棒的电影。
3) Tina已经看完那本书了。据她说，那本书提供了很多有用的信息。
According to the weather report, it will snow tomorrow.
According to Tom, it was a great movie.
Tina has finished that book. According to her, it provided a lot of useful information.
2. As car use continues to grow, people are developing cars that use new kinds of energy.
随着汽车使用量的持续增长，人们正在研发使用新型能源的汽车。
as引导的时间状语从句
that引导的定语从句，修饰cars
Ⅰ. 指出下列句子中划线单词的词性和词义。
1. A. During this time, his average was more than 30 points a game.
B. He averaged over 50 points a game for an entire season.
2. A. They have completely different body shapes.
B. They use traditional methods to shape the stone.
3. A. He could make trouble for me if he wanted to.
B. This latest news troubled him deeply.
动词，意为“平均为”
名词，意为“平均数”
名词，意为“体形”
动词，意为“使成为某种形状，使成形”
名词，意为“麻烦，问题”
动词，意为“使忧虑；使烦恼；使苦恼”
4. A. Tom was told to paint the fence on a Saturday morning.
B. Do you have any more white paint
5. A. Each of the boys walked past him but he pretended not to see anyone.
B. He has been busy for the past few weeks.
6. A. His heart beat faster when he heard his name called.
B. We heard the beat of a drum.
动词，意为“油漆”
名词，意为“颜料、油漆”
介词，意为“经过”
形容词，意为“过去的”
动词，意为 “（心）跳动”
名词，意为 “有规律的敲击（声）”
agree _______ 2. complete _______
3. healthy _______ 4. important _______
5. able _______ 6. cover _______
7. known _______ 8. understand _______
9. fair _______ 10. possible _______
disagree
incomplete
II. 给下列单词加上前缀dis-, un-, in-, im-或mis-, 构成意思相反的词。
unhealthy
unimportant
unable
discover / uncover
unknown
misunderstand
unfair
impossible
III. 搭配组词。
1. n. _______________________________
2. adj. ______________________________
3. adv. ______________________________
4. pron. _____________________________
5. v. ________________________________
granddaughter; classmate; afternoon
world-famous; kind-hearted
maybe; however
everybody; herself
oversleep
I can
理解构词法知识，并正确运用根据构词法知识拓展的相关词汇
使用所学内容讨论一个有用但是造成环境问题的日常用品
Write a short paragraph about an everyday thing that is useful but causes environmental problems.
Preview the part: Developing ideas.

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