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八年级英语（沪教版）上册
单元词性变换与语境串记
Unit 1 Arts and talents
1. intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的 → __________ n. 智力；智慧
【串记】Dolphins are very __________ animals, and scientists admire their high __________ in learning complex tricks.
【译文】海豚是非常聪明的动物，科学家们钦佩它们在学习复杂技能时的高超智力。
2. talented adj. 有天资的；有才能的 → __________ n. 天资；天赋；天才
【串记】The __________ pianist was born with exceptional musical __________, winning applause across the country.
【译文】这位才华横溢的钢琴家天生具有非凡的音乐天赋，赢得了全国各地的掌声。
3. artistic adj. 艺术的；有美术才能的 → __________ n. 艺术家；画家 → __________ n. 艺术；美术
【串记】The student has great __________ talent; the young __________ creates modern __________ in the studio.
【译文】这名学生很有艺术天资；这位年轻艺术家在画室里创作现代艺术。
Unit 2 Challenges and journeys
1. original adj. 原先的；最初的 → __________ n. 起源；起因
【串记】The __________ manuscript is kept in the museum, and historians study the __________ of ancient scripts.
【译文】原始手稿保存在博物馆中，历史学家研究古代文字的起源。
2. suffering n. 苦难；疼痛 → __________ v. 受苦；遭受
【串记】Doctors work day and night to ease human __________, for patients should not __________ in pain.
【译文】医生们日夜工作以减轻人类的苦痛，因为病人们不应在痛苦中受折磨。
3. death n. 死亡 → __________ adj. 死的；失去生命的 → __________ v. 死亡；凋谢
【串记】Even after __________, their courage lives on; honouring a __________ hero reminds us that noble ideals never __________.
【译文】即使在死后，他们的勇气依然长存；缅怀逝去的英雄提醒我们，崇高的理想永不泯灭。
4. challenge n. 挑战；质疑；v. 向……挑战 → __________ adj. 具有挑战性的；有难度的
【串记】Climbing Mount Qomolangma is a tough __________, but explorers enjoy such __________ tasks.
【译文】攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项严峻的挑战，但探险家们喜欢这样具有挑战性的任务。
5. flight n. 航程；航班；飞行 → __________ v. 飞行；乘飞机
【串记】Our domestic __________ landed safely in Beijing, and modern planes can __________ across oceans smoothly.
【译文】我们的国内航班安全降落在北京，现代飞机可以平稳地飞越大洋。
6. hesitation n. 犹豫；迟疑 → __________ v. 犹豫；迟疑
【串记】She stepped forward without any __________, because true friends do not __________ to offer help.
【译文】她毫不迟疑地挺身而出，因为真正的朋友提供帮助时从不犹豫。
7. promising adj. 有前途的；有希望的 → __________ v. 承诺；保证；n. 诺言
【串记】This young researcher has a __________ career, and she gave a sincere __________ to serve society.
【译文】这位年轻的研究员有着前途光明的事业，她真诚承诺为社会服务。
8. competitor n. 竞争者；对手 → __________ n. 竞争；比赛 → __________ v. 竞争；比赛；对抗
【串记】Every __________ trained hard for months; the national __________ is fierce, and athletes __________ fairly on the track.
【译文】每位竞争对手都刻苦训练了数月；全国大赛竞争激烈，运动员们在赛道上公平竞争。
Unit 3 Technology and digital life
1. connect v. 连接；联络 → __________ n. 连接；关系
【串记】Wireless networks can __________ smart devices everywhere, and this fast __________ changes modern life.
【译文】无线网络能将各处的智能设备连接起来，这种高速连接改变了现代生活。
2. payment n. 支付；付款 → __________ v. 支付；交纳
【串记】Mobile __________ is widely accepted across China, and shoppers can __________ for groceries by scanning codes.
【译文】移动支付在中国被广泛接受，购物者可以通过扫码支付杂货费用。
3. warning n. 警告；警报 → __________ v. 警告；提醒注意
【串记】An urgent flood __________ was broadcast on the radio, helping experts __________ citizens about the storm.
【译文】广播中播出了紧急防汛警报，帮助专家们就暴风雨向市民发出预警。
4. treatment n. 治疗；疗法 → __________ v. 治疗；对待
【串记】Effective medical __________ cured the patient, and doctors continue to __________ rare illnesses with care.
【译文】有效的医疗救治治愈了病人，医生们继续悉心治疗罕见疾病。
5. major adj. 重大的；主要的 → __________ n. 大多数；大半
【串记】High-speed rail is a __________ breakthrough in transport, and the __________ of passengers choose it daily.
【译文】高速铁路是交通运输方面的重大突破，大多数乘客每天都选择乘坐高铁。
Unit 4 Inventions and transport
1. central adj. 在中心的；中央的 → __________ n. 中心；中央
【串记】The grand avenue crosses the __________ square, which sits right at the __________ of the capital.
【译文】宽阔的大道穿过中央广场，广场正坐落在首都的中心。
2. international adj. 国际的；世界性的 → __________ adj. 国家的；民族的 → __________ n. 国家；民族
【串记】Expanding __________ trade benefits every __________ economy, and cooperation unites each peace-loving __________.
【译文】扩大国际贸易使每个国家的经济受益，合作将每一个热爱和平的民族团结在一起。
3. depend v. 依靠；依赖；取决于 → __________ adj. 依靠的；依赖的
【串记】Modern cities should __________ on clean power, and public transport must not remain __________ on fossil fuels.
【译文】现代城市依赖清洁能源，公共交通不应继续依赖化石燃料。
4. printer n. 打印机 → __________ n. 印刷术；印刷 → __________ v. 印刷；打印
【串记】The office installed a fast __________; ancient __________ has a long history, and clerks __________ reports daily.
【译文】办公室安装了一台高速打印机；古代印刷术有着悠久的历史，职员们每天打印报告。
5. doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑；v. 怀疑 → __________ adj. 怀疑的；不能确定的
【串记】There is no __________ that green technology will succeed, though some critics remained __________ at first.
【译文】毫无疑问绿色科技必将取得成功，尽管一些批评者起初仍心存怀疑。
Unit 5 Intercultural travel and communication
1. foreign adj. 外国的；外来的 → __________ n. 外国人；外乡人
【串记】Learning a __________ language broadens your horizons, and every welcoming __________ enjoys exploring Chinese culture.
【译文】学习一门外语开阔了你的视野，每位受到欢迎的外国人都喜欢探索中国文化。
2. tourist n. 旅游者；观光客 → __________ n. 旅游业 → __________ n. 旅行；游历；v. 在……旅游
【串记】Every foreign __________ loved the Terracotta Army; local __________ is booming, and visitors can __________ ancient sites.
【译文】每位外国游客都喜爱兵马俑；当地旅游业蓬勃发展，游客们可以游览古老遗址。
3. nervously adv. 紧张地；焦虑地 → __________ adj. 焦虑的；担忧的；胆怯的
【串记】The newcomer glanced around __________, but kind smiles helped him feel less __________ on stage.
【译文】新来的人紧张地环顾四周，但友善的微笑帮助他在舞台上感到不那么紧张。
4. independent adj. 自主的；独立的 → __________ adv. 独立地；自主地 → __________ n. 独立；自主
【串记】Exchange students learn to be __________, solve daily challenges __________, and gain valuable __________.
【译文】交换生学会独立自主，独立解决日常难题，并获得宝贵的独立能力。
5. anxiety n. 焦虑；不安；渴望 → __________ adj. 焦虑的；不安的；渴望的
【串记】Listening to soft music relieves inner __________, so travellers never feel __________ before boarding.
【译文】听轻柔的音乐能缓解内心的焦虑，因此旅客们登机前从不感到焦虑不安。
Unit 6 The power of nature
1. locate v. 把……安置在；建造于；确定……的位置 → __________ n. 位置；地点
【串记】Engineers plan to __________ the observatory on the hill, and this ideal __________ provides clear night views.
【译文】工程师们计划把天文台建造在山顶上，这个理想的地点提供了清澈的夜空视野。
2. victory n. 胜利；成功 → __________ adj. 获胜的；胜利的
【串记】The brave army achieved a decisive __________, and the __________ soldiers marched proudly back home.
【译文】英勇的军队赢得了决定性的胜利，凯旋的士兵们自豪地踏上归途。
3. secretly adv. 秘密地；暗中 → __________ n. 秘密；秘诀；adj. 秘密的
【串记】Scouts entered the valley __________ under the cover of night, keeping their mission a strict __________.
【译文】侦察员在夜幕掩护下暗中潜入了山谷，对他们的使命严格保密。
4. succeed v. 达到目的；成功 → __________ n. 成功；成就 → __________ adj. 成功的
【串记】Determined teams will __________ in their research; persistent effort brings __________, leading to a __________ outcome.
【译文】坚定的团队必将在科研中取得成功；持之以恒的努力带来成功，从而取得圆满的结果。
5. destroy v. 摧毁；破坏；毁灭 → __________ n. 破坏；毁灭
【串记】Violent hurricanes can __________ seaside towns, and the terrible __________ takes years to restore.
【译文】猛烈的飓风能够摧毁海滨城镇，可怕的破坏需要多年才能恢复。
Unit 7 Memory and historical echoes
1. regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地 → __________ adj. 有规律的；定期的
【串记】Exercising __________ strengthens the heart, so keep a __________ schedule for healthy living.
【译文】定期锻炼强健心脏，因此要保持规律的作息以实现健康生活。
2. repeat v. 重复；重说 → __________ n. 重复；反复
【串记】Students must __________ key English phrases daily, because constant __________ strengthens long-term memory.
【译文】学生必须每天重复重点英语短语，因为不断反复有助于强化长时记忆。
3. mentally adv. 精神上；心理上 → __________ adj. 精神的；心理的；智力的
【串记】Athletes prepare __________ before the championship, building strong __________ strength for competition.
【译文】运动员在锦标赛前进行心理调适，为比赛积蓄强大的心理力量。
4. relax v. 放松；休息；缓和 → __________ adj. 放松的；自在的 → __________ adj. 令人放松的；惬意的
【串记】Gentle melodies can __________ tired minds; listeners felt completely __________ after a __________ afternoon tea.
【译文】轻柔的旋律能让疲惫的心灵得到放松；在惬意的下午茶后，听众感到彻底放松。
Unit 8 Faithful companions and responsibility
1. faithful adj. 忠实的；忠诚的 → __________ n. 信任；信念；忠诚
【串记】The __________ shepherd dog stayed beside its owner, showing unshakeable __________ through all hardships.
【译文】这只忠诚的牧羊犬一直守在主人身旁，历经磨难展现出毫不动摇的忠诚。
2. responsible adj. 负责任的；可靠的 → __________ n. 责任；职责
【串记】A pet owner must be __________, because caring for animals is a lifelong __________.
【译文】宠物主人必须负责任，因为照料动物是一项终生的责任。
3. choice n. 选择；抉择 → __________ v. 选择；挑选
【串记】Making the right __________ shapes your future, so you should __________ your lifelong friends wisely.
【译文】做出正确的抉择会塑造你的未来，所以你应该明智地选择你的终生挚友。
4. advise v. 建议；劝告；通知 → __________ n. 建议；忠告；劝告
【串记】Vets will __________ owners on healthy feeding, and their practical __________ keeps pets active.
【译文】兽医会就健康喂养给主人提建议，他们实用的建议使宠物保持活力。
5. complain v. 抱怨；发牢骚 → __________ n. 抱怨；控诉
【串记】Polite neighbours do not __________ about barking pets; they resolved the minor __________ with a warm talk.
【译文】有礼貌的邻居不会抱怨叫唤的宠物，他们通过温和的交谈化解了小小的怨言。
参考答案
Unit 1 Arts and talents
1. intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的 → intelligence n. 智力；智慧
【串记】Dolphins are very intelligent animals, and scientists admire their high intelligence in learning complex tricks.
【译文】海豚是非常聪明的动物，科学家们钦佩它们在学习复杂技能时的高超智力。
2. talented adj. 有天资的；有才能的 → talent n. 天资；天赋；天才
【串记】The talented pianist was born with exceptional musical talent, winning applause across the country.
【译文】这位才华横溢的钢琴家天生具有非凡的音乐天赋，赢得了全国各地的掌声。
3. artistic adj. 艺术的；有美术才能的 → artist n. 艺术家；画家 → art n. 艺术；美术
【串记】The student has great artistic talent; the young artist creates modern art in the studio.
【译文】这名学生很有艺术天资；这位年轻艺术家在画室里创作现代艺术。
Unit 2 Challenges and journeys
1. original adj. 原先的；最初的 → origin n. 起源；起因
【串记】The original manuscript is kept in the museum, and historians study the origin of ancient scripts.
【译文】原始手稿保存在博物馆中，历史学家研究古代文字的起源。
2. suffering n. 苦难；疼痛 → suffer v. 受苦；遭受
【串记】Doctors work day and night to ease human suffering, for patients should not suffer in pain.
【译文】医生们日夜工作以减轻人类的苦痛，因为病人们不应在痛苦中受折磨。
3. death n. 死亡 → dead adj. 死的；失去生命的 → die v. 死亡；凋谢
【串记】Even after death, their courage lives on; honouring a dead hero reminds us that noble ideals never die.
【译文】即使在死后，他们的勇气依然长存；缅怀逝去的英雄提醒我们，崇高的理想永不泯灭。
4. challenge n. 挑战；质疑；v. 向……挑战 → challenging adj. 具有挑战性的；有难度的
【串记】Climbing Mount Qomolangma is a tough challenge, but explorers enjoy such challenging tasks.
【译文】攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项严峻的挑战，但探险家们喜欢这样具有挑战性的任务。
5. flight n. 航程；航班；飞行 → fly v. 飞行；乘飞机
【串记】Our domestic flight landed safely in Beijing, and modern planes can fly across oceans smoothly.
【译文】我们的国内航班安全降落在北京，现代飞机可以平稳地飞越大洋。
6. hesitation n. 犹豫；迟疑 → hesitate v. 犹豫；迟疑
【串记】She stepped forward without any hesitation, because true friends do not hesitate to offer help.
【译文】她毫不迟疑地挺身而出，因为真正的朋友提供帮助时从不犹豫。
7. promising adj. 有前途的；有希望的 → promise v. 承诺；保证；n. 诺言
【串记】This young researcher has a promising career, and she gave a sincere promise to serve society.
【译文】这位年轻的研究员有着前途光明的事业，她真诚承诺为社会服务。
8. competitor n. 竞争者；对手 → competition n. 竞争；比赛 → compete v. 竞争；比赛；对抗
【串记】Every competitor trained hard for months; the national competition is fierce, and athletes compete fairly on the track.
【译文】每位竞争对手都刻苦训练了数月；全国大赛竞争激烈，运动员们在赛道上公平竞争。
Unit 3 Technology and digital life
1. connect v. 连接；联络 → connection n. 连接；关系
【串记】Wireless networks can connect smart devices everywhere, and this fast connection changes modern life.
【译文】无线网络能将各处的智能设备连接起来，这种高速连接改变了现代生活。
2. payment n. 支付；付款 → pay v. 支付；交纳
【串记】Mobile payment is widely accepted across China, and shoppers can pay for groceries by scanning codes.
【译文】移动支付在中国被广泛接受，购物者可以通过扫码支付杂货费用。
3. warning n. 警告；警报 → warn v. 警告；提醒注意
【串记】An urgent flood warning was broadcast on the radio, helping experts warn citizens about the storm.
【译文】广播中播出了紧急防汛警报，帮助专家们就暴风雨向市民发出预警。
4. treatment n. 治疗；疗法 → treat v. 治疗；对待
【串记】Effective medical treatment cured the patient, and doctors continue to treat rare illnesses with care.
【译文】有效的医疗救治治愈了病人，医生们继续悉心治疗罕见疾病。
5. major adj. 重大的；主要的 → majority n. 大多数；大半
【串记】High-speed rail is a major breakthrough in transport, and the majority of passengers choose it daily.
【译文】高速铁路是交通运输方面的重大突破，大多数乘客每天都选择乘坐高铁。
Unit 4 Inventions and transport
1. central adj. 在中心的；中央的 → centre n. 中心；中央
【串记】The grand avenue crosses the central square, which sits right at the centre of the capital.
【译文】宽阔的大道穿过中央广场，广场正坐落在首都的中心。
2. international adj. 国际的；世界性的 → national adj. 国家的；民族的 → nation n. 国家；民族
【串记】Expanding international trade benefits every national economy, and cooperation unites each peace-loving nation.
【译文】扩大国际贸易使每个国家的经济受益，合作将每一个热爱和平的民族团结在一起。
3. depend v. 依靠；依赖；取决于 → dependent adj. 依靠的；依赖的
【串记】Modern cities should depend on clean power, and public transport must not remain dependent on fossil fuels.
【译文】现代城市依赖清洁能源，公共交通不应继续依赖化石燃料。
4. printer n. 打印机 → printing n. 印刷术；印刷 → print v. 印刷；打印
【串记】The office installed a fast printer; ancient printing has a long history, and clerks print reports daily.
【译文】办公室安装了一台高速打印机；古代印刷术有着悠久的历史，职员们每天打印报告。
5. doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑；v. 怀疑 → doubtful adj. 怀疑的；不能确定的
【串记】There is no doubt that green technology will succeed, though some critics remained doubtful at first.
【译文】毫无疑问绿色科技必将取得成功，尽管一些批评者起初仍心存怀疑。
Unit 5 Intercultural travel and communication
1. foreign adj. 外国的；外来的 → foreigner n. 外国人；外乡人
【串记】Learning a foreign language broadens your horizons, and every welcoming foreigner enjoys exploring Chinese culture.
【译文】学习一门外语开阔了你的视野，每位受到欢迎的外国人都喜欢探索中国文化。
2. tourist n. 旅游者；观光客 → tourism n. 旅游业 → tour n. 旅行；游历；v. 在……旅游
【串记】Every foreign tourist loved the Terracotta Army; local tourism is booming, and visitors can tour ancient sites.
【译文】每位外国游客都喜爱兵马俑；当地旅游业蓬勃发展，游客们可以游览古老遗址。
3. nervously adv. 紧张地；焦虑地 → nervous adj. 焦虑的；担忧的；胆怯的
【串记】The newcomer glanced around nervously, but kind smiles helped him feel less nervous on stage.
【译文】新来的人紧张地环顾四周，但友善的微笑帮助他在舞台上感到不那么紧张。
4. independent adj. 自主的；独立的 → independently adv. 独立地；自主地 → independence n. 独立；自主
【串记】Exchange students learn to be independent, solve daily challenges independently, and gain valuable independence.
【译文】交换生学会独立自主，独立解决日常难题，并获得宝贵的独立能力。
5. anxiety n. 焦虑；不安；渴望 → anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的；渴望的
【串记】Listening to soft music relieves inner anxiety, so travellers never feel anxious before boarding.
【译文】听轻柔的音乐能缓解内心的焦虑，因此旅客们登机前从不感到焦虑不安。
Unit 6 The power of nature
1. locate v. 把……安置在；建造于；确定……的位置 → location n. 位置；地点
【串记】Engineers plan to locate the observatory on the hill, and this ideal location provides clear night views.
【译文】工程师们计划把天文台建造在山顶上，这个理想的地点提供了清澈的夜空视野。
2. victory n. 胜利；成功 → victorious adj. 获胜的；胜利的
【串记】The brave army achieved a decisive victory, and the victorious soldiers marched proudly back home.
【译文】英勇的军队赢得了决定性的胜利，凯旋的士兵们自豪地踏上归途。
3. secretly adv. 秘密地；暗中 → secret n. 秘密；秘诀；adj. 秘密的
【串记】Scouts entered the valley secretly under the cover of night, keeping their mission a strict secret.
【译文】侦察员在夜幕掩护下暗中潜入了山谷，对他们的使命严格保密。
4. succeed v. 达到目的；成功 → success n. 成功；成就 → successful adj. 成功的
【串记】Determined teams will succeed in their research; persistent effort brings success, leading to a successful outcome.
【译文】坚定的团队必将在科研中取得成功；持之以恒的努力带来成功，从而取得圆满的结果。
5. destroy v. 摧毁；破坏；毁灭 → destruction n. 破坏；毁灭
【串记】Violent hurricanes can destroy seaside towns, and the terrible destruction takes years to restore.
【译文】猛烈的飓风能够摧毁海滨城镇，可怕的破坏需要多年才能恢复。
Unit 7 Memory and historical echoes
1. regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地 → regular adj. 有规律的；定期的
【串记】Exercising regularly strengthens the heart, so keep a regular schedule for healthy living.
【译文】定期锻炼强健心脏，因此要保持规律的作息以实现健康生活。
2. repeat v. 重复；重说 → repetition n. 重复；反复
【串记】Students must repeat key English phrases daily, because constant repetition strengthens long-term memory.
【译文】学生必须每天重复重点英语短语，因为不断反复有助于强化长时记忆。
3. mentally adv. 精神上；心理上 → mental adj. 精神的；心理的；智力的
【串记】Athletes prepare mentally before the championship, building strong mental strength for competition.
【译文】运动员在锦标赛前进行心理调适，为比赛积蓄强大的心理力量。
4. relax v. 放松；休息；缓和 → relaxed adj. 放松的；自在的 → relaxing adj. 令人放松的；惬意的
【串记】Gentle melodies can relax tired minds; listeners felt completely relaxed after a relaxing afternoon tea.
【译文】轻柔的旋律能让疲惫的心灵得到放松；在惬意的下午茶后，听众感到彻底放松。
Unit 8 Faithful companions and responsibility
1. faithful adj. 忠实的；忠诚的 → faith n. 信任；信念；忠诚
【串记】The faithful shepherd dog stayed beside its owner, showing unshakeable faith through all hardships.
【译文】这只忠诚的牧羊犬一直守在主人身旁，历经磨难展现出毫不动摇的忠诚。
2. responsible adj. 负责任的；可靠的 → responsibility n. 责任；职责
【串记】A pet owner must be responsible, because caring for animals is a lifelong responsibility.
【译文】宠物主人必须负责任，因为照料动物是一项终生的责任。
3. choice n. 选择；抉择 → choose v. 选择；挑选
【串记】Making the right choice shapes your future, so you should choose your lifelong friends wisely.
【译文】做出正确的抉择会塑造你的未来，所以你应该明智地选择你的终生挚友。
4. advise v. 建议；劝告；通知 → advice n. 建议；忠告；劝告
【串记】Vets will advise owners on healthy feeding, and their practical advice keeps pets active.
【译文】兽医会就健康喂养给主人提建议，他们实用的建议使宠物保持活力。
5. complain v. 抱怨；发牢骚 → complaint n. 抱怨；控诉
【串记】Polite neighbours do not complain about barking pets; they resolved the minor complaint with a warm talk.
【译文】有礼貌的邻居不会抱怨叫唤的宠物，他们通过温和的交谈化解了小小的怨言。

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