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(共36张PPT)
定语从句
The Attributive Clause
Learning objects(学习目标)
Attributive Clause（定语从句）
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
指人：who/whom/whose/that
指物：which/that
when/where/why
先行词：名词/代词
认清主语，谓语，宾语，定 语，状语
I eat delicious food at home.
主
谓
定
宾
状语
主：动作发出者
谓：表动作
宾 : 动作承受者
状语：表时间、地点、原因、状态、条件等
定语:？
什么是定语？
修饰名词或代词叫做定语，意为“......的”
The nice lady is Miss Zhang.
The lady with short hair is Miss Zhang.
The lady who wears glasses is Miss Zhang.
Eddie is the man.
The man is my favorite.
Eddie is ｔｈｅ man who/that is my favorite.
彭于晏是我最喜欢的人。
Eddie is a man.
1.Eddie is a __________man.
2.Eddie is a _____________man.
3.Eddie is a ________________man.
tall
rich
handsome
句子中的定语不再是一个单词而是一个句子时，那么这个完整的句子就叫
定语从句
定语从句
在复合句中，修饰某一个名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，
引导定语从句的词叫关系词（关系代词，关系副词）
关系词的功能有三个： 引导（引导定语从句）
代替(代替先行词）
担当成分（在定语从句中作担当一个成分）
关系词的作用
关系词
引导定语从句
替代先行词
在从句中充当成分
He is a boy whom beautiful girls like.
He is a boy/beautiful girls like a boy
定语从句的关系词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
人
物
谁的
时间
地点
who/whom
which
whose
when
where
that
由
先
行
词
决
定
原因
Why (for the reason)
介+which
关系代词
指人：who(作主语/宾语) whom(作宾语) whose(作定语)
eg:He was the man who helped me find my bag just now.
作主语
He was the man who/whom my father saved . 做宾语
The boy whose father is a teacher works very hard. 做定语
指物：which(做主语或宾语)
eg: The book which is on the table is mine.做主语
The book which I received yesterday is from Jim.作宾语
指人或物：that(做主语或宾语)
注意：that 即可指人也可指物，所以以上各题都可用that（除了whose).
注：关系代词在从句中做动词宾语时，常可省略。但若做介词宾语一般不可省略。
eg: Is this the museum that/which/省略 you visited yesterday
这里museum做visited的宾语，所以关系代词可省略。
Rushing to answer! 快速抢答！
I prefer the music______________can cheer me up.
I have a friend ___________ can play the piano well.
This is the book_____________ my father always reads in the morning.
The girl ____________ my brother talks with is Lucy.
that
which
who
whom
The man______ called today left his message for you.
5.当先行词为all ,everything,something,anything不定代词时。
eg:Everything that I saw in the museum interested me.
只能用that情况
1.当先行词前有序数词、形容词最高级时
eg: This is the first English book that she bought.
2.当先行词既有人又有物时。
eg:They talked about things and people that they remembered.
3.当主语以who/which 开头
eg: Who is the girl that spoke to you just now
4.当先行词被the only,the very,the same, the last修饰时
（若先行词为人，也可用who/whom).
It's the very thing that I want.
７．先行词被all, any, no, little, much等词修饰时，如：
All the students that are late for class have to stand outside.
6. 在there be的句型中
关系代词前有介词时，指物只用which,指人只用whom
二、其他特殊情况
This is the book on which I spent 5 dollars.
The man to whom we talked was a policeman.
Attention: 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从　　　　　句中的谓语动词要与先行词的人称和数保持　　　　　一致。
Tom is one of the boys who are from the USA.
Tom is the only boy that is from the USA.
I have many good friends who are outgoing.
I have a good friend who is outgoing.
She is the one that you never forget
她就是那个你忘不了的人啊
She is the heaven-sent angel（that) you met
她是来自天堂的天使
Oh, she must be the reason why God made a girl
哦，她才是真正的原因，上帝为什么造女孩
She is so pretty all over the world .
她是世界上最可爱的人
《she》
关系副词
when, where, why
补充材料
when 的用法：在定语从句中做时间状语
I remember the day when I stayed there
时间状语
关系副词
when引导的定语从句可以转换成＂介词+which＂(
I remember the day on which I stayed there.//on the day
I will never forget the time during which/when I worked on the farm//during the time
介词的选择
）
when 作时间状语 = 介词+which
She will never forget the day.
She was married on that day.
She will never forget the day when she was married.
= on which
It was year.
The World War II broke out in the year.
It was the year when the World War II broke out.
= in which
where的用法：在定语从句中做地点状语
eg：This is a factory where I work.
地点状语
关系词
where引导的定语从句可以转换“介词+which(介词的选择）
eg: This is a factory in which I work//I work in the factory
=This is a factory where I work.
This is the classroom where I study.
=
This is the classroom in which I study.
where 作地点状语 = 介词+which
I want to know the place.
I was born there.
I want to know the place where I was born.
= in which
why的用法:在定语从句中做原因状语（通常与reason连用）
eg:I don't know the reason why he came late.
原因状语
关系副词
why 引导的关系副词可转换成“for+which"
I don't know the reason for which/why he came late.
why 作原因状语=for which，其先行词是 the reason
That is the reason why I’m late.
I know the reason why he said it.
判断定语从句中到底是选择关系代词还是关系副词，关键在于：去掉填的关系词后，如果从句依然完整，则用关系副词，如果缺少主语或宾语而使句子不完整，则使用关系代词
He is a good student who likes reading books.
I know the reason why he came to my home.
He still remembers the cliff where he jumped.
Ｅｘｅｒｃｉｓｅｓ
Can you pick out the attributive clauses in these sayings Then try to translate them into Chinese.
1. God help those who help themselves.
2. He who laughs last laughs best.
3. He who never reaches the Great Wall is not a true man.
4. He who plays with fire gets burnt.
格言警句
中考实战
7. Wang Yangming is a great educationalist _____ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.
A. which B. what
C. who D.when
8.Mr. Brown is a teacher_____is strict with all his students.
A. which B. who
C. where D.when
9.The book_____I read last night was fantastic.
A. that B. what
C. whose D. who
10. China is getting better at making hi-tech products_____can be bought in all parts of the world.
A. who B. which
C. what D.where
Thank you!

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