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专题六　介词和介词短语
考点1　介词的基本用法
　　 年份 考查点　　　 2026 2025 2025样卷 2024 2023 2022
介词(短语)辨析 / / / 31 31，46 32，47
介词盲填 41 41，52 43，52 / / 75
分数占比 1分 2分 2分 1分 2分 3分
一、时间介词
1.at，on与in
介词 用法 示例
at 用在具体某个时刻前 at 7：00
用在正午、午夜前 at noon，at midnight
介词 用法 示例
on 用在具体某天前(日期或星期几) on June 1st，on Tuesday
用在具体某天上午、下午、晚上前 on a cold morning
用在具体节日当天前 on National Day
续表
介词 用法 示例
in (2024.31) 后接较长的一段时间(如世纪、年份、季节、月份等) in the 21st century，in summer
用在泛指的上午、下午、晚上前 in the morning/afternoon/
evening
in＋一段时间，在将来时态中表示“在……后”； in＋一段时间，在非将来时态中表示“在……内” in an hour，in two days
用于固定搭配 in the future
续表
2.before与after
介词 含义及用法 示例
before 在……之前 before 11：00
after 在……之后，与一般将来时连用时，后接时间点 The meeting will start after 2：30.
在……之后，与一般过去时连用时，后接时间点或时间段 Tina finished the project after two months.
3.for与since
介词 含义及用法 示例
for “for＋时间段”表示动作延续一段时间，主句常用现在完成时 Amy has waited for you for three hours.
since “since＋时间点/since＋一段时间＋ago/since＋句子(一般过去时)”意为“自……以来”，表示从过去某个时间点直至现在，主句用现在完成时 Amy has worked here since 2020.
Amy has worked here since six years ago.
Amy has worked here since she graduated from college.
4.during，by，from与until/till
介词 含义及用法 示例
during 在……期间，后接时间段 during these years
by 不迟于……，在……之前，后接将来的时间点时，常与一般将来时连用；后接过去的时间点时，常与过去完成时连用 The project will be finished by next Friday.
Cindy had already left by the time I arrived.
介词 含义及用法 示例
from 从……开始，常和表示时间的介词to(到……，至……)连用 from Monday to Sunday
until/till 用在肯定句中时，表示“直到……为止”，谓语动词为延续性动词；用在否定句中时，表示“直到……才”，谓语动词为非延续性动词 I slept until/till 9：00 this morning.
The baby didn’t stop crying until/till his mother came back.
续表
二、方位介词(词组)
1.at，in，on与to
介词 含义及用法 示例 以图助记
at 在。用于较小的地方(如：学校、家、机场等)前 at the bus stop

in (2022.32) 在……里面 in the fridge
在。用于较大的地方(如：国家、城市、乡镇、水域等)前 in the US in Shanghai
表示在某一地区的某方位。某一小地点在另一大地点之内 Guangzhou lies in the south of China.
介词 含义及用法 示例 以图助记
on 在……表面上(接触物体表面) on the chair

在。在广阔的平面上 on the lake
在。两地不在同一范围内，但接壤 Vietnam is on the south of China.
续表
介词 含义及用法 示例 以图助记
to (2025样 卷.43) 到；去；向；朝。有一定的方向性 I go to the library every weekend.

在。表示在某一地域之外且不接壤 Australia lies to the south of China.
续表
2.on，over，above，under与below
介词 含义及用法 示例 以图助记
on 在……表面上(接触物体表面) There is a pen on the notebook.
over 在……正上方(两者不接触) A plane is flying over our heads.
在……上面(表示部分覆盖或全部覆盖) Helen put a blanket over the sleeping child.
介词 含义及用法 示例 以图助记
above 在……上方(两者不接触，也不一定垂直) Sam lifted his hands above his head.
under 在……正下方(两者不接触) A dog is sitting under the tree.
below 在……下方(两者不接触，也不一定垂直) There is a chair below the window.
续表
3.in front of与in the front of
短语 含义及用法
in front of “在……(外部)的前面”，其反义词为behind
in the front of “在……(内部)的前面”，其反义词为in the back of
4.among与between
介词 用法
among 意为“在(其)中；……之一”，用于三者或三者以上之间
between 表示两者之间，between … and … 意为“在……和……之间”
表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每两者之间
5.across，through，over与past
介词 含义及用法
across “横过，穿过”，指从表面通过，着重指从一边到另一边，常和street，road，bridge等搭配。across from 在……对面
through “穿过，通过，经过”，指从内部通过，常和window，forest，door等搭配。go through the forest穿过森林
介词 含义及用法
over “横过，越过”，指从有一定高度的物体上方经过、跨越。jump over the fence跳过篱笆
past “经过”，指从旁边经过、路过。walk past the desk经过桌子
续表
6.其他方位介词
outside 在……外面 inside 在……里面 next to 紧挨着…… towards 朝向
near 在……附近 beside/by 在……旁边 into 到……里面，进入 behind
在……后面
along 沿着 around 在……周围 / /
三、方式介词
介词 含义及用法 示例
by 通过(某种方式或手段)。后常跟动名词或名词 by asking our teacher for help
“by＋交通工具”意为“乘坐……”(2026.41) by taxi
with 用……，后接表示工具、材料、身体器官等的名词 Most Chinese people eat with chopsticks.
介词 含义及用法 示例
in 用……，后接表示语言、语调、方式等的名词 in English　in a loud voice
on 在……(媒介)上，后接表示网络、电视、电话等的名词 on the internet　on TV
续表
四、其他介词
介词 含义及用法 示例
with 和…… Tom often plays basketball with Mike.
带有；具有 Amy wants a room with a big window.
without 没有；缺乏 Ben went to school without his bag.
不(做某事) Lily left the room without saying goodbye.
介词 含义及用法 示例
for (2023.31) 给；对；替 Emma bought a gift for her mom.
支持 Most students are for the plan.
against 倚；碰；撞 Rain is beating against the window.
对抗；和……竞争 Class 1 will play against Class 3.
反对 Many people are against the new rule.
续表
介词 含义及用法 示例
like 像，例如 I like warm colors like orange.
像；与……相似 The little dog looks like a toy.
……怎么样 What is your new school like？
than 比(常和比较级连用) This book is more interesting than that one.
续表
介词 含义及用法 示例
over (数量、时间、花费等)多于 Jack has lived here for over ten years.
遍及；超过 all over the world
from 来自(表示来源) This postcard is from Amy.
从(表示位置或观点) My home is five minutes’ walk from the station.
续表
介词 含义及用法 示例
about 关于 Can you tell me about your trip？
on 关于 Ben is reading a book on space travel.
as 作为；以……身份 Mike works as a waiter in a restaurant.
except 除了 Everyone went to the zoo except Tom.
续表
介词 含义及用法 示例
besides 除了……之外 (还有) Besides English，Amy can speak French.
including 包括 Ten people came，including Lily.
of 属于(某人或某物) the name of the movie
关于(某人或某物) Emma showed me a photo of her cat.
in 穿着；戴着 The boy in a red cap is Mike.
续表
介词 含义及用法 示例
past 晚于；在……之后；超过 It’s ten past eight.
经过 A car drove past our house.
through 以；凭借；通过；穿过 Ben got the job through his friend.
续表
考点2　介词短语及固定搭配
一、介词与形容词搭配(5年1考)
be full of 满是……的(2025.52)　　
be good at 擅长于　　
be famous for 因……而出名
be similar to 与……相似　　
be interested in 对……感兴趣
二、介词与名词搭配
at school 在学校，上学 at work 在工作　　
by hand 用手；靠手做 in danger 处于危险中　　
in fact 事实上　　 in peace 和平地；平静地
in person 亲自；本人　　 in silence 沉默地；安静地　　
in time 及时 in trouble 遇上麻烦；处于困境　　
on earth 究竟　　 on duty 值日；值班
on sale 正在出售；打折出售 on show 在展出　　
on time 准时 on vacation/holiday 在度假；在假期中
三、其他介词短语(5年3考)
next to 紧邻；在……近旁(2025.41)　　
at least 至少；起码(2023.46) because of 因为(2022.47)
above all 最重要的是 at first 起初；最初　　
at last 最后；终于
according to 根据；按照；据……所说　　
instead of 而不是　　
thanks to 多亏；归功于
四、三个及三个词以上的介词短语(5年2考)
at the same time 同时(2025样卷.52)　　
say hello to … 向……问好/和……打招呼(2022.75)
at the age of 在……岁时 at the moment 此刻；目前　　
as a result 因此；结果 as well as 并且；还　　
by the way 顺便提一下　　 side by side 并排地；肩并肩地
in a hurry 匆匆忙忙　　 in other words 换句话说　　
in the end 最后；终于 in the future 将来　　
on top of 在……上面；在……顶部　　
the way to 去……的路 all over the world 全世界　　
around the world 全世界 on the way to 在去……的路上
on the farm 在农场　　 on the left 在左面　　
in the middle 在中间
续表
河北5年真题练
1.(2026河北41题节选)Last Sunday，I went to Handan Cizhou Kiln Site (邯郸磁州窑遗址) with my classmates.It was a bright day and we went there ______ bus.
2.(2026河北44题节选)A guide was waiting _______ us when we arrived.
by
for
3.(2025河北41题节选)There is a special jug(罐) on our kitchen table.I put some small pieces of paper and a pen next ____ the jug.
4.(2025河北52题节选)Our “Good Things Jug” is full _____ love，hope and happiness.
5.(2025河北样卷43题节选)Every morning after breakfast，I take our dog Ruby _____ the park.
to
of
to
6.(2025河北样卷52题节选)Last Sunday，Lucy helped our dad cut the grass._____ the same time，my mom and I went shopping.
7.(2024河北31题改编)Hurry up，Nancy！ The meeting will start ____ ten minutes.
8.(2024河北74题节选)One day，Mrs.Lin picked up Lin Ming and then they went to Lin Fang’s school together.Lin Ming stood at the school gate and waited ______ his sister.
At
in
for
9.(2023河北31题改编)Many thanks _____ your gift.I love it.
10.(2023河北79题节选)Mr.Zhao shows us how to learn ______ our mistakes.
11.(2022河北75题节选)Mrs.Zhang often says hello ____ me from her front garden when I come back home.
for
from
to
拓展提升练
Ⅰ.短文填空 基础题
1.(2026福建改编)The project was hard ______ first.Through teamwork，we finished it soon.
2.(2026扬州改编)The traffic goes so well：trains，undergrounds and buses always run ____ time.
3.Teachers with a humorous style are always popular ______ students.
at
on
with
4.To be a good leader，you must be responsible _____ every decision you make.
5.Tom was introduced to his new friend Debby ____ the party last night.
6.The firefighters arrived ____ time and put out the big fire.
7.I find it interesting to make small gifts ____ hand for my friends.
for
at
in
by
8.The teacher spoke _____ a loud voice so that everyone could hear her clearly.
9.Lingling is curious _________ everything in the Qinhuangdao Museum.
10.Miss White often volunteers at the community library ____ her spare time.
in
about
in
Ⅱ.短文填空 微语篇
　　The Lee twins，Lily and Lucas，like science very much.
There are some small movable shelves 1.______ their living room.
Except for something old on the top 2._____ a shelf，everything else looks nice.
in
of
　　Their dad bought an electronic device(装置) 3.____ his work.
Sometimes he uses it to deal with the family bills 4._____ storing digital copies of them.Today，he took it home.Lily asked her dad if they could use the device.Mr Lee nodded and gave it to Lily.The twins were excited.The device will be accessed (接入) online for their science project right 5.______.The project is 6.______ genes
(基因) which they are most interested in.
for
by
away
about
　　7._____ a result，the two children learned how to use it quickly.With it，they shared their ideas with their classmates and friends 8._____ the internet.Lily sent a few texts to their classmates to share the good news.Lucas also explored further uses happily.
As
on
　　Their mom is happy to see the twins are interested in science.9._____ the end of the weekend，the twins finished most of their project.They felt proud 10._____ themselves.They hope to do better and better in the future.
At
of

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