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专题三　形容词和副词
考点1　形容词、副词的基本用法
　　　 年份 考查点　 2026 2025 2025样卷 2024 2023 2022
形容词辨析 36，38 32，40 32 44 41，48 42，44，46
副词辨析 33 38 39，40 43 45 /
形容词→副词 49，51 42 54 73 72 /
比较等级 54 / / 36，71 / 80
其他词性→形容词 / 46，51 / / 77 72
分数占比 6分 6分 4分 5分 5分 5分
一、形容词的句法功能
句法功能 说明 例句
作定语 名词之前或复合不定代词之后 Lucy is a beautiful girl.
I have something important to tell you.
作表语 系动词之后，说明主语特征 The flower looks lovely.
句法功能 说明 例句
作补足语 补充说明主语或宾语的状态(常与make，find，keep等动词连用) We must keep the room clean.(宾补)
The door was painted white.
(主补)
作状语 表示伴随状态或原因(多见于形容词短语) Tom came back home，tired and hungry.
续表
多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的排列顺序：①限定词(冠词/代词/数词)；②观点/评价(主观感受)；③大小/长短/高低；④年龄/新旧；⑤形状；⑥颜色；⑦国籍/来源/产地；⑧材料；⑨用途/类别(常为动名词)。
如：a beautiful big old round red Chinese wooden table
限(a)＋观(beautiful)＋形(big)＋旧(old)＋状(round)＋颜(red)＋国(Chinese)＋材(wooden)＋名(table)
二、副词的句法功能
句法功能 说明 例句
作状语 修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子 Tina sings beautifully.
It is very cold today.
He runs very fast.
However，we still have a chance.
作定语 少数副词(如here，there，above，below)可作后置定语 The people here are kind.
句法功能 说明 例句
作表语 放在系动词后，说明主语的位置、状态(多为地点/方向副词) My father isn’t in right now.
The meeting is over.
作补足语 补充说明宾语或主语的位置、方向等 Please put the book there.(宾补)
He was seen out by his neighbor.(主补)
续表
Ⅰ.短文填空 基础题
1.(2026云南)Visitors _________ (usual) ride a horse around Shaxi ancient town to enjoy its beauty.
2.(2026天水)Reading provides us with much knowledge that can be _________ (help) in daily life.
usually
helpful
3.(2026凉山)The Chinese table tennis team won great prizes！ They achieved their dreams by working for them，not by hoping for them _________ (simple).
4.(2026安徽改编)Students are reading English in the nice _______ (sun) classroom.
5.(2026眉山改编)Nowadays，people in many different countries are learning Chinese，because it is _________ (wide) used around the world.
simply
sunny
widely
6.Even if you don’t agree with others，you should express your opinion __________ (polite).
7.My grandpa is still very ________ (act) and he enjoys jogging in the park every morning.
8.The city art museum __________ (recent) showed a famous painting from the Ming Dynasty.
politely
active
recently
9.Don’t stay up late，or you will feel ________ (sleep) the next day.
10.Mrs Snow is very ___________ (friend) and she often invites me to her garden party.
11.The online library _________ (most) provides free e-books and articles for students to read.
sleepy
friendly
mostly
Ⅱ.完形填空 微语篇
　　I love discovering secondhand treasures.After all，one person’s rubbish is another person’s treasure.
　　Years ago，I came across a collection of old photos.I 　1 .
thought if these were mine，I’d want someone to return them to me.So I made it my goal to do the same for others.
(　　)1.A.always　　B.seldom　　C.already　　D.never
A
　　So far，I have collected more than 50，000 items，including photos，albums(相册) and home movies.To keep them safe and
　2　，I put them in large boxes.I’ve also set up a social media account to return the things to their owners.
(　　)2.A.useful B.tidy C.simple D.easy
B
　　Once，I 　3　 found a canister(金属盒) at a shop in New York and there were two rolls of film in it.One of my followers found a family on a website，and their old photos looked 　4　 to the ones I found.I emailed them.They told me their ancestors were in the photos，and I sent them their film.They were very 　5　，saying that a family member had recently moved out of New York.That is 　6　 how the film ended up at the secondhand shop.
(　　)3.A.wisely　 B.properly C.correctly D.accidentally
(　　)4.A.similar B.important C.strange D.ancient
(　　)5.A.helpful B.careful　 C.thankful　 D.meaningful
(　　)6.A.nearly　 B.probably　 C.secretly　 D.heavily
D
A
C
B
　　I want to encourage people to protect their own family history and important things so that they won’t get 　7　.Every old memory should be valued and passed down.
(　　)7.A.ready B.busy　 C.young　 D.lost
D
Ⅲ.短文填空 微语篇
　　Birdwatching(观鸟) is more than just a hobby； it is a bridge between humans and nature.For James，a 38-year-old birdwatcher in Hong Kong，this belief has 1._________ (deep) influenced his love for birdwatching.
deeply
　　James lived in Beijing before moving to Hong Kong.His love for birds dates back to his childhood in South Africa.However，he only took this hobby more 2.___________ (serious) when birding became popular worldwide.
seriously
　　One day，James 3._______ (clear) heard the call of a hoopoe
(戴胜鸟) at Beijing’s Olympic Forest Park.“I had no idea hoopoes could be found in China，so it was 4.___________ (amaze) to see the same kind of bird thousands of kilometers away from its African habitat(栖息地)，” he said.
clearly
amazing
　　Through his hobby，James has developed a deeper understanding of birds and nature.“It is 5._______(luck) for me to have learned how far birds travel since then：A bird I see in Hong Kong today might be in Beijing in just a few days，” he said.This idea has 6._________ (great) raised his environmental awareness(意识).“Earth works as one system，and what happens in one place can 7.__________ (direct) influence places far away.
We should be 8.__________ (care) to protect the environment，” he said.
lucky
greatly
directly
careful
考点2　形容词、副词的比较等级
一、比较等级的变化
规则变化
1.单音节词 & 部分双音节词(加 -er/-est)
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
一般情况直接加-er或 -est deep long deeper longer deepest
longest
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
以不发音e结尾，加-r或-st nice large nicer larger nicest
largest
重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，加-er 或-est big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest
fattest
hottest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾，先变y为i，再加-er或-est happy busy healthy happier busier healthier happiest
busiest
healthiest
续表
2.多音节词 & 多数双音节词(加 more/most)
原级 比较级 最高级
beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful
important more important the most important
careful more careful the most careful
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best little less least
bad/badly worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest
many/much more most old older/elder oldest/eldest
二、比较等级的用法
1.原级比较
结构 含义 例句
as＋原级＋as 和……一样…… Helen is as tall as her mother.
Peter runs as fast as me.
not as＋原级＋as或not so＋原级＋as 不如……那么…… This book is not as interesting as that one.
Emma is not so outgoing as her sister.
结构 含义 例句
A＋实义动词＋as much/many＋名词＋as B A 和 B 的……数量相同 I have as many books as you.
He earns as much money as his brother.
倍数(twice，three times，half 等)＋ as＋原级＋as A 是 B 的……倍…… This room is twice as large as that one.
He runs three times as fast as me.
as＋原级＋as＋具体数字 长达/高达…… The river is as long as 500 km.
续表
原级中的常见固定搭配
as soon as possible 尽快　　
as fast as one can 尽可能快
as much as possible尽可能多(不可数)　　
as many as possible尽可能多(可数)
2.比较级
结构 含义 例句
比较级＋than (2024.71) 比……更…… Tom is taller than Jack.
Tom drives more carefully than Jack.
比较级＋and＋比较级 越来越…… It’s getting warmer and warmer.
She became more and more beautiful.
结构 含义 例句
the＋比较级，the＋比较级 越……，越…… The more you practice，the better you will perform.
The harder you study，the more progress you’ll make.
Which/Who is＋比较级，A or B？ A和B哪个更……？ Which is more useful，a computer or a phone？
续表
结构 含义 例句
比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数 比任何其他一个都……(最高级含义) He is taller than any other student/the other students in our class.
＝ He is the tallest student in our class.
比较级＋than＋the other＋可数名词复数 比其余所有都…… (最高级含义)
续表
(1)more/less不能修饰形容词或副词的比较级，但是much，a little，a lot，even，far，a bit等表示程度的词可以修饰形容词或副词的比较级，如：
It’s more colder today.(×)　　　　　
It’s much colder today.(√)
(2)用比较级时，比较对象要一致，如：
The price of cars is higher than bikes.(×)
The price of cars is higher than the price/that of bikes.(√)
(3)用比较级时，比较范围不能包括自身，如：
She is taller than all the students in her class.(×)
She is taller than the other students/any other student in her class.(√)
She is taller than all the students/any student in her sister’s class.(√)
3.最高级
结构 含义 例句
the＋最高级＋of/in/among＋范围(2024.36) 在……中最…… (三者及以上) Lisa is the most beautiful of all the girls.
Sally is the best student in our school.
one of＋the＋最高级＋复数名词 最……之一 This is one of the most expensive cars in the world.
结构 含义 例句
the＋序数词＋最高级＋名词 第几……的 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
Which/Who＋be动词/实义动词(＋the)＋最高级，A，B or C？ A、B、C三者中，哪一个最…… Which is the biggest，the Sun，the Moon or the Earth？
续表
(1)形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the，副词最高级前可以不用加the。
(2)形容词最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不再加定冠词the。
Ⅰ.短文填空 基础题
1.(2026扬州)Want to become happier，stronger and ___________ (healthy)？ Why not go biking？
2.(2026绥化改编)Mao Dun is one of the __________ (great) Chinese writers in the twentieth century.
3.(2026天津改编)Our class won first place in the singing competition.We sang the _______ (best) of all.
healthier
greatest
best
4.(2026天水改编)One of the _________ (large) solar energy power stations in the world，“Super Mirror Solar Power Station”，lies in Gansu.
5.That was my _______ (bad) mistake.I will never make the same mistake again.
6.In both life and study，the _______ (hard) you work，the more successful you become.
largest
worst
harder
7.China’s high-speed trains run _________ (fast) than those of any other country in the world.
8.Since the village built new roads，the life of local people has been much ________ (good) than it was five years ago.
9.Zhang Hua is _______ (tall) than any other student in our class，so he often takes part in basketball matches.
10.Of all the students，Tom lives the __________ (far) away from school，but he always gets to school early.
faster
better
taller
farthest
Ⅱ.短文填空 微语篇
　　In Xinhe，a small town in Zhejiang，a couple spent over ten years making a large piece of embroidery—Along the River During the Qingming Festival.The embroidery was 28.8 meters long and 0.86 meters wide.It was the 1.__________ (long) piece they had ever made.
longest
　　The couple is Pan Zhongming and Zhao Zhenfei.They are both in their early 60s.Zhao learned embroidery when she was a teenager，much 2.________ (old) than most embroidery learners.
Her husband Pan used to work with stone，but he became interested in embroidery after trying it in 2003.
older
　　Over the next few years，they made many embroideries of landscapes(风景)，flowers，and animals.In 2006，they decided to take on one of the 3._________ (big) challenges—embroidering the famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival.Year after year，they got 4.________ (near) to their goal.
Finally，in 2017，they finished it.
biggest
nearer
　　Some time ago，someone offered them 2.7 million yuan for the embroidery.The offer was 5._________ (high) than they had expected，but they said no.They thought it was 6._________ (good) to give it to their hometown than to sell it.They were happy that their work would bring joy to the people there.It was their way of giving back.
higher
better
(1)其他词性→形容词
【短文填空】解题技巧3　形容词和副词
形容词的适用情况 示例
系动词＋形容词(2025.46，51，2022.72) This tool is very useful (use).
感官动词＋形容词(2023.77) This soup tastes salty (salt).
形容词的适用情况 示例
形容词＋名词 The beautiful (beauty) flowers attract a lot of bees.
复合不定代词＋形容词 Someone important (importance) called you earlier.
常接形容词作补足语的动词有make，keep，consider，find，get等 The news made her very excited (excite).
续表
(2)形容词→副词
副词的适用情况 示例
修饰动词/动词短语(2026.49，51，2025.42，2025样卷.54，2024.73) She slowly (slow) walked home.
She ran out of the room quickly (quick).
修饰形容词(2023.72) The story was truly (true) interesting.
修饰整个句子 Luckily (lucky)，we found the keys.
(3)形容词/副词→比较级和最高级【详细讲解见本专题考点2】
河北5年真题练
1.(2026河北49，51题节选)An hour later，the guide brought us to a workshop.He _______ (clear) explained how to make a cup.Then he pointed to a man and said，“Look！ The man is making a cup now.Please be quiet and watch _________ (careful).Then you can have a try.”
clearly
carefully
2.(2025河北46题节选)Some of the things are _____________ (interest)，some are serious，and some just give hope.
3.(2025河北51题节选)I’m so __________ (thank) to my parents for their love.It’s the best thing on earth！
4.(2023河北77题节选)In Mr.Zhao’s first class，he asked us to draw a picture of ourselves.When he looked at my picture and said，“Wow！ I like those bright colors！ That’s great！” I felt _________ (relax) at once.
interesting
thankful
relaxed
5.(2022河北72题节选)Mrs.Zhang is a warm and __________ (friend) person.
6.(2025河北42题节选)There is a special jug(罐) on our kitchen table.I put some small pieces of paper and a pen next to the jug.Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened __________ (recent).
friendly
recently
7.(2025河北样卷54题节选)Lucy and I like talking _________ (happy) as we do the housework.
8.(2023河北72题节选)I was _________ (real) shy and nervous on the first day at school.
9.(2026河北54题改编)I shouted happily，“My cup is much ________ (big) than that one.”
10.(2024河北36题改编)Jianshe Road is the ________ (busy) road in our city，especially around 8：00 a.m.
happily
really
bigger
busiest
11.(2024河北71题节选)Lin Ming is seven and Lin Fang is two years _________ (young) than her brother.
12.(2022河北80题节选)Mrs.Zhang made a very big cake with fresh flowers on it.I thought it was the _________ (nice) cake I had ever eaten.
younger
nicest
拓展提升练
Ⅰ.短文填空 基础题
1.(2026云南)It is __________ (relax) to enjoy “a slow life” in Yunnan along the Ancient Tea Horse Road.
2.(2026扬州)A pair of _____________ (comfort) shoes and a bicycle provide simple ways to connect with nature.
relaxing
comfortable
3.(2026吉林改编)It’s ___________ (danger) to use phones when you are crossing the road.
4.(2026凉山改编)In Chinese culture，the horses with great abilities stand for the __________ (talent) people.They are often called “thousand-li horses”.
5.You must follow the instructions _________ (exact) to avoid mistakes.
dangerous
talented
exactly
6.The air in the countryside in autumn is _________ (fresh) than that in the city.
7.The small ________ (wood) boat model was made by my father as my birthday gift.
8.With the help of the government，people in poor areas have a _________ (rich) life than before.
fresher
wooden
richer
9.After hiking for six hours，we were ____________ (complete) tired and could hardly take another step.
10.During the Spring Festival，we eat _____________ (tradition) food like dumplings and rice cakes.
completely　
traditional
Ⅱ.短文填空 微语篇
　　Mencius was a great philosopher (思想家).But his journey to success was not easy.Mencius’s father passed away when he was very young.Then he faced each new day 1.__________ (brave) with his mother.
bravely
　　In their early days，Mencius and his mother lived near a cemetery (墓地)，where people came to say goodbye to their loved ones.Mencius often imitated(模仿) people’s crying or dug the tombs with his friend.Seeing this，Mencius’s mother was very 2.________ (worry).She knew her son needed a much 3.________ (quiet) place to grow up.
worried
quieter
　　With hope for a brighter future，Mencius’s mother moved with her son to a lively but 4._______ (noise) market area.Days turned into weeks，and Mencius found fun in the market.He used stones as goods and pretended (假装) to be a real seller.Seeing this，his mother became even more worried.She shook her head and said 5._______ (soft)，“We can’t stay here either.”
noisy
softly
　　With a heart full of dreams for her son，Mencius’s mother 6._______ (final) found a new place.It was near a school.There，Mencius began to read and write like others.His mom was so happy to see him doing well.She smiled and said，“This is the 7._____ (good) home.”
finally
best
　　As time passed by，with the gentle guidance of his mother and the influence of the chosen environment，Mencius grew into a polite and educated person.
　　The story tells us a good environment is very 8.___________ (importance) to children.
important

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