资源简介

(共34张PPT)
　动词的非谓语形式
　　　　 年份 考查点　　 2026 2025 2025样卷
动词不定式 45 54 45
分数占比 1分 1分 1分
一、动词不定式
　　动词不定式的基本形式为“to＋动词原形”(有时可省略to)，否定形式为“not＋动词不定式”。它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语，但仍保留动词的特征，即可以带自己的宾语和状语，共同构成不定式短语。
1.动词不定式(to do)的句法功能
句法功能 例句
作主语 To learn English well is important.
作宾语(2025样卷.45) I want to go home.
作表语 My job is to teach English.
作宾语补足语(2025.54) Our teacher advises us to keep the classroom clean.
作定语(后置) I have a book to read.
句法功能 例句
作状语 目的状语(2026.45) I collect rubbish to keep the classroom clean.
原因状语 I am happy to keep the classroom clean.
结果状语 I am free enough to clean the classroom.
续表
(1)动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，将真正的主语(不定式)后置，以避免头重脚轻。如：It is difficult for me to learn math well.
(2)单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：To learn math well is difficult for me.
2.常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词/词组(v.＋to do sth ……做某事)
want/would like 想要(2025样卷.45) afford负担得起 agree 同意
ask 要求；问 choose 选择 dare 敢于 decide 决定
expect期待 fail 未能(做到) forget 忘记 happen 碰巧
hope/wish 希望 learn 学习 manage设法 offer 主动提出
plan 计划 prefer 更喜欢 prepare 准备 promise承诺
refuse拒绝 remember 记得 try 努力 wait等待
volunteer 自愿做
3.常见的接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(v.＋sb＋to do sth ……某人做某事)
encourage鼓励(2025.54)　advise建议　allow 允许　ask 要求
expect 期望 force强迫 hate 讨厌 invite 邀请
like/love 喜欢 need 需要 order 命令 prefer 更喜欢
remind 提醒 require 要求 teach 教 tell告诉
want 想要 warn 警告 wish 希望
4.“疑问词＋动词不定式”的用法
(1)疑问词(what，which，when，where，how，whether 等)后接动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、宾语或表
语。如：
Where to go for the coming holiday hasn’t been decided.(作主语)
I haven’t decided where to go for the coming holiday.(作宾语)
My question is where to go for the coming holiday.(作表语)
(2)“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语时，可转化为疑问词引导的宾语从句(主语与主句主语一致时)。如：
Can you tell me how to make a plan？＝Can you tell me how I can make a plan？
Lily didn’t know whether to go or not.＝Lily didn’t know whether she should go or not.
5.不带to的情况
(1)感官动词＋宾语＋do(不带to)，如：see，hear，watch，feel，notice 等。
I saw the teacher go out.I heard the birds sing.
感官动词＋宾语＋do表示动作的全过程或结果；＋doing表示动作正在进行。
I saw him cross the street.(过了马路——全过程)
I saw him crossing the street.(正在过马路——正在进行)
(2)使役动词＋宾语＋do(不带to)，如：let，make，have等。
They made the men work 8 hours a day.
二、动词的-ing形式
1.动名词的句法功能
句法功能 示例
作主语 Swimming is good for health.
作宾语 I enjoy reading.
作表语 My hobby is collecting stamps.
作定语 a swimming pool　　a reading room　　
a washing machine
接动名词作宾语的常见动词/词组(v.＋doing)
admit 承认 advise/suggest 建议 allow 允许 avoid避免
consider 考虑 enjoy 喜欢 finish完成 give up 放弃
imagine 想象 keep 坚持 mind 介意 miss错过
practise 练习 risk 冒险 stand 忍受 stop停止
be/get used to习惯于 can’t help忍不住 feel like 想要
lead to 导致；引起 look forward to 期待 pay attention to 注意
put off 推迟 stick to 坚持 succeed in 成功
(1)若单个动词不定式/动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Doing more exercise is good for your health.
(2)主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，两者在形式上应保持一致。如：To see is to believe./Seeing is believing.
(3)有一些动词后面既可以接动名词，也可以接动词不定式，但是意思有区别，常见的有：
动词 ＋to do(不定式) ＋doing(动名词)
remember 记得要去做(未做) 记得做过(已做)
forget 忘记要去做(未做) 忘记做过(已做)
regret 遗憾要去做(未做) 后悔做过(已做)
stop 停下来去做另一件事 停止正在做的事
try 努力/设法去做 尝试做(看效果)
go on 接着去做另一件事 继续做同一件事
mean 打算做某事 意味着做某事
2.现在分词的句法功能
句法功能 示例
作定语 (主动/进行) a sleeping baby(＝a baby who is sleeping)
The man standing there is my teacher.(＝who is standing there)
作表语 The story sounds moving.
作状语 Walking in the park，I met an old friend.
作宾语补足语 Anna kept me waiting for an hour.
三、动词的-ed形式
1.句法功能
句法功能 说明 示例
作定语 表示被动或完成，可前置或后置 a broken glass
The book written by Lu Xun is very famous.
句法功能 说明 示例
作表语 表示主语所处的状态 The door is locked.　　　
She looks worried.
I feel excited about the news.
续表
句法功能 说明 示例
作状语 表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等，逻辑主语须与句子主语一致 Seen from the hill，the city looks beautiful.
Encouraged by his teacher，he worked harder.
He stood there，surrounded by his fans.
续表
句法功能 说明 示例
作宾语 补足语 补充说明宾语的状态或动作 I had my hair cut.
I found the door locked.
续表
2.过去分词的常见搭配
(1)主语＋have/get sth done “使……被……”。如：
I want to have/get these chairs fixed.
(2)It be＋过去分词＋that …句型：
It is said that … 据说……　　
It is reported that … 据报道……
It is hoped that … 人们希望……　　
It is well-known that … 众所周知……
It is suggested that … 有人提议……　　
It is required that … 据要求……
河北5年真题练
1.(2026河北45题节选)The guide first took us to the museum ________ (see) the unearthed ceramics(陶瓷制品).
2.(2025河北54题节选)I encourage you ___________ (create) your “Good Things Jug” today.
to see
to create
3.(2025河北样卷45题节选)Lucy and I take turns to set the table for dinner and wash the dishes.But today，Lucy wanted __________ (change) the roles.
to change
拓展提升练
Ⅰ.短文填空 基础题
1.(2026天津改编)The foreign tourists decided __________ (visit) Mei Lanfang Theatre.
2.(2026福建改编)__________ (give) students more breaks，many schools have spring and autumn holidays.
to visit
To give
3.(2026泰安改编)Safety comes first.Each student is supposed __________ (attend) the meeting to learn how to protect themselves from danger.
4.(2026连云港改编)Our community will organize a zongzi-making competition ______________ (celebrate) the Dragon Boat Festival.
5.The new hotel is large enough _________ (hold) more than 500 guests.
to attend
to celebrate
to hold
6.Students are allowed __________ (bring) their own books into the reading room.
7.My mother asked me not __________ (watch) TV too much.It’s bad for my eyes.
8.You need ____________ (express) your ideas clearly and at the same time be a good listener.
to bring
to watch
to express
9.Our teachers advise us _________ (make) a weekly plan to balance our study and rest properly.
10.Although exercise is very important，it isn’t a good idea ____________ (exercise) too close to bedtime.
to make
to exercise
Ⅱ.短文填空 微语篇
　　Wang Yuchen，an 8th-grader from Beijing，is known as a “Teenager Red Culture Messenger” in her community.At first，she was nervous about the challenge 1._______ (talk) to strangers.
But after months of hard practice，she learned 2.__________ (share) historical stories with visitors of all ages confidently.
to talk
to share
　　She made an effort 3._____________ (introduce) things.Her eyes were full of light when she was thinking about how 4._______ (turn) the boring history into a fun story.And now she smiles and greets visitors warmly，making everyone feel comfortable.
to introduce
to turn
　　Among all the teen guides，many visitors say Wang is the best one.She has managed 5._____________ (remember) over 30，000 words of historical facts in several months，and never gets tired of telling them.She not only tells touching stories of those great heroes from the past，but also makes small quizzes 6.______ (get) kids interested in history.
to remember
　to get
　　Up to now，Wang has received several awards for her volunteer work.She says she’s not alone—many students are volunteering，too.It is important for them 7.__________ (prevent) this valuable history from fading (消逝).She expects more students 8._________ (join) in the meaningful work.
to prevent
to join

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