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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
【文化育人】八年级下册·阅读素养提升篇·第6组
A. 阅读选择《Different Ideas About Time》时间观念因文化而异
题材 体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 实际用时
文化差异 说明文 152 ★★☆☆☆ 5 mins
【导读】 不同国家对时间的看法不同。美国人重视守时，城市里到处有时钟，人们随身带手表，不喜欢迟到。但在南美洲的一些国家，人们不喜欢匆忙，约会可能迟到，连广播节目也未必准时开始。他们认为时钟只是机器，若事事按时间来做，就是让时钟控制了自己的生活。
Different people have different ideas about time. People in the USA think that it is important to know the time. In cities of America, there are clocks in stations, factories and other buildings. Radio announcers give you the correct time during the day. Most Americans also have watches with them wherever they go. They want to do certain things at certain time. They don't like to be late.
But time is not so important to everybody in the world. When you visit a country in South America, you will find that people there don't like to rush. If you have an appointment with somebody, he could probably be late, because he may not arrive on time.
In South America, even the radio programs may not begin on time. The men on the radio may not think it is important to tell the right time. People in South America think that clocks or watches are just machines. They think that you let a clock or a watch control your life if you do everything on time.
【生词提示】 announcer 播音员　correct 正确的　wherever 无论哪里　rush 匆忙　appointment 约会　probably 很可能　control 控制
读短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。
（　）1. What do people in the USA think is important 　
A. Knowing the time.　B. Rushing everywhere.　 C. Being late.
（　）2. Where can you find clocks in American cities 　
A. Only in stations.　 B. In stations, factories and other buildings.　C. Only in factories.
（　）3. What may happen if you have an appointment with somebody in South America 　
A. He may be late.　 B. He may arrive early.　 C. He may never come.
（　）4. What do people in South America think of clocks and watches 　
A. They are magic.　 B. They are just machines.　 C. They are useless.
（　）5. What does the passage mainly tell us 　
A. Americans are always late.　
B. Clocks are important everywhere.　
C. Different people have different ideas about time.
B. 动词填空《The Man Who Worried Too Much》杞人忧天
题材 体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 实际用时
中国寓言 记叙文 145 ★★☆☆☆ 4 mins
【导读】杞国有个人整天担心天会塌、地会陷，寝食难安。有人开导他，告诉他天地不会崩塌。这个故事告诫我们，不要为没有根据、不会发生的事情无端忧虑。
【题目】阅读短文，用方框内所给动词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
comfort　explain　fall　feel　happen　hurt　sleep　worry
A man in the state of Qi ①______ all day long. He feared that the sky might ②______ down and the earth might break. He was so upset that he could not eat or ③______.His friend came ④______ him. He ⑤______ that the sky was air all around us and it would not fall. The man still worried that the stars might ⑥______ him.At last, the man ⑦______ much better and stopped worrying. We should not worry about things that will not ⑧______.【生词提示】state 诸侯国　fear 害怕　upset 心烦的　air 空气　star 星星
C. 语法填空《Anger Is Not the Boss of You》
题材 体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 实际用时
情绪管理 说明文 150 ★★★☆☆ 5 mins
【导读】每个人都会生气，但生气时乱发脾气解决不了任何问题。本文告诉我们：要学会承认自己的愤怒、找出原因，并通过倾诉、数数、运动、唱歌等方式合理释放情绪，做情绪的主人。
阅读短文，在空白处填入括号内所给动词的正确形式，或填入一个适当的词。
Have you ever lost yourself Did you want to hit someone Maybe your little brother got into your room and played with your toys without permission. Or maybe your teacher gave you too much homework. Or maybe a friend borrowed your favorite video game and then (1) ______ (break) it. That made you angry!
Everyone gets angry. Maybe you "lose your cool" or "hit the roof". What should you do if you get angry
Don't lose control if you get angry. Taking it out on others never (2) ______ (solve) anything. Instead, admit to yourself that you are angry and try to figure out why. What can you do to keep the situation from (3) ______ (happen) again If your little sister gets a toy and you don't, it's not OK to break that toy. Maybe you can ask her (4) ______ (share) it with you. Or if your math homework is too hard, don't rip up your notebook. Ask your teacher or a parent for help instead.
It helps to talk about your anger with an adult, such as a parent, teacher, or relative. Once you talk about anger, those bad feelings usually start to (5) ______ (go) away.
Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a friend you can trust; count to 10; draw a picture of your anger; play a video game; run around the outside of the house five times as (6) ______ (fast) as you can; sing along with music; think good thoughts (maybe about a fun vacation or your favorite sport); take a bike ride, go skateboarding, play basketball — do something (7) ______ (activity)!
Never getting angry is impossible. Instead, remember that how you act when you're angry can make the situation better or (8) ______ (bad). Don't let anger be the boss of you. Take charge of it!
【生词提示】permission 允许　lose one's cool 发火　hit the roof 勃然大怒　take it out on 把怒气发泄在……上　figure out 弄清楚　rip up 撕碎　relative 亲戚　trust 信任　take charge of 控制
D 信息归纳《The Snipe and the Clam》鹬蚌相争
题材 体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 实际用时
中国寓言 说明文 149 ★★★☆☆ 5 mins
【导读】河蚌张开壳晒太阳，鹬鸟啄它的肉，河蚌合上壳夹住鹬的嘴。两者互不相让，僵持不下，结果被路过的渔夫一并捉走。故事告诉我们：两方相争，往往让第三方得利。
A clam opened its shell to enjoy the sun by the river. A snipe tried to eat its meat. The clam quickly closed its shell and caught the snipe’s beak. They argued and refused to let each other go.
The snipe said, “If it doesn’t rain today and tomorrow, you will die.” The clam said, “If I don’t let you go today and tomorrow, you will die.” Neither of them would give in.
Just then, a fisherman came by. He saw the fight, caught both of them and took them home. This story tells us: when two sides fight, a third party wins.
【生词提示】clam 河蚌　shell 壳　snipe 鹬鸟　　beak 嘴　give in 让步　　third party 第三方
【题目】阅读短文，完成下面信息卡，每空一词。
Information Key
Where the clam sat By the 1.______
What the snipe wanted to do Eat the clam’s 2.______
What the clam did to the snipe Caught the snipe’s 3.______
Who took both of them The 4.______
Lesson of the story Fighting helps the 5.______ win
F.阅读简答《Who Should Pay 》朋友聚餐谁买单
题材 体裁 词数 难度 建议用时 实际用时
社交礼仪 说明文 约180 ★★☆☆☆ 5 mins
【导读】 一位大学生邀请朋友一起吃饭，却不知道该由谁买单——是请客的人付全部，还是各付各的？五位网友各抒己见：有人认为谁邀请谁买单，有人建议各付各的，还有人认为除非正式约会，否则不应期待邀请者付钱。文章告诉我们：朋友之间的小事也可能影响友谊，关键是要互相体谅、事先沟通。
By Joe
I invited a friend of mine out to eat. We're both college students. My question is who should pay Do I pay for both meals or do we split the meal fee My thought was that if I invited him to get together and eat, I pay for the meal. However, someone told me that we both go Dutch on the bill is only proper. I want to know how you all see it.
By Bill
Because you invite, you need to pay the bill. Your friend will offer to pay for his part, at which point you can accept, but I encourage you to cover the tip yourself. You pick the restaurant so that you can afford the meal. When friends are splitting a bill, most people pass the bill around the table and pay based on what they ordered. If you both order the same thing, just split it.
By Holly
If you invite and pick out the restaurant, you pay. But if you both decide where to go out together, split the bill. It's OK if you suggest going out, but if you invite him out and pick out the place where you go, you should pay because maybe he didn't want to spend his money there.
By Laura
I don't think that people should expect the asker to pay unless it is a formal date and the asker is a man. It stops people from asking because you become a burden. For that reason I always pay even if someone asks me out. I think it's really polite.
By Mauchris
I don't think it is a big deal. Small things like this can sink a friendship. I would say that since you invited him that you should pay. Is it OK with him If not, you are willing to go Dutch.
【生词提示】 　split 分摊　go Dutch 各付各的　cover 支付　tip 小费　　formal 正式的　burden 负担　sink 毁掉　willing 愿意的
根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。
What is Joe's question
___________________________________________________
What does Bill advise Joe to do about the tip
___________________________________________________
According to Holly, when should you pay for the meal
___________________________________________________
Why does Laura always pay even if someone asks her out
___________________________________________________
What lesson can we learn from the story
___________________________________________________
参考答案
A. 阅读选择
答案：1. A　2. B　3. A　4. B　5. C
1. A 由第一段第二句"People in the USA think that it is important to know the time."可知，美国人认为知道时间很重要。B项"到处匆忙"和C项"迟到"均与原文不符。
2. B 由第一段第三句"In cities of America, there are clocks in stations, factories and other buildings."可知，美国城市的车站、工厂和其他建筑里都有时钟。A项"只在车站"和C项"只在工厂"都太片面。
3. A 由第二段最后一句"If you have an appointment with somebody, he could probably be late, because he may not arrive on time."可知，在南美洲与人约会，对方很可能迟到。B项"早到"和C项"永远不来"均不符合原文。
4. B 由第三段倒数第二句"People in South America think that clocks or watches are just machines."可知，南美洲人认为钟表只是机器。A项"有魔力"和C项"没用"均不正确。
5. C 文章第一句"Different people have different ideas about time."点明主旨，全文对比了美国人和南美洲人对时间的不同看法。A项"美国人总是迟到"与原文相反；B项"钟表到处都重要"与南美洲的情况不符。
B. 动词填空
答案：① worried　② fall　③ sleep　④ to comfort　⑤ explained　⑥ hurt　⑦ felt　⑧ happen
① worried　一般过去时，担忧。
② fall　might 后用原形。
③ sleep　could not 后接动词原形。
④ to comfort　不定式表目的，来安慰。
⑤ explained　一般过去时，解释。
⑥ hurt　might 后用原形，伤害。
⑦ felt　一般过去时，感觉。
⑧ happen　will not 后接动词原形，发生。
C. 语法填空
(1) broke。与前面的 borrowed 并列，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。
(2) solves。动名词短语 Taking it out on others 作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。
(3) happening。keep...from doing sth. 意为"阻止……做某事"，from 后接动名词。
(4) to share。ask sb. to do sth. 意为"请某人做某事"，用动词不定式。
(5) go。start to do sth. 意为"开始做某事"，to 后接动词原形。
(6) fast。as...as 中间用形容词或副词原级，此处修饰动词 run，用副词原级 fast。
(7) active。something 为不定代词，其后形容词作定语，且与上文"do something active（做些积极的事）"呼应。
(8) worse。与 better 并列，表示"更好或更糟"，用 bad 的比较级 worse。
D. 信息归纳
答案：1. river　2. meat　3. beak　4. fisherman　5. third
1. river　原文 “enjoy the sun by the river.”
2. meat　原文 “A snipe tried to eat its meat.”
3. beak　原文 “caught the snipe’s beak.”
4. fisherman　原文 “A fisherman came by. He saw the fight, caught both of them”。
5. third　原文 “when two sides fight, a third party wins.”
E. 阅读简答
答案：
He wants to know who should pay when he invites a friend out to eat.
He advises Joe to cover the tip himself.
He should pay when he invites the friend out and picks out the restaurant.
Because she thinks it is really polite, and she doesn't want paying to become a burden that stops people from asking others out.
We learn that small things like who pays can affect a friendship, so friends should be understanding and communicate with each other.
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