资源简介

(共73张PPT)
Unit 3
War and peace
[词汇串记·语段感知]
Achieving peace and development requires reducing and even eliminating violence and conflict,with an objective to foster long-lasting stability.To draw a blueprint for human prosperity,all countries in the world should participate actively.We young people should always be on standby and make full use of our collective strength and wisdom to create our own future.
实现和平与发展需要减少甚至消除暴力与冲突,其目的在于促进长期的稳定。为了绘制人类繁荣的蓝图,世界各国应当积极参与。我们年轻人应该随时待命,并充分利用我们集体的力量与智慧去创造我们自己的未来。
Starting out, Understanding ideas,
Using language
Part 1
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
写作词汇
1. 　　　　　　 n.部队;军队
2. v.回想,回忆起
3. adv.勉强才能
4. adj.杰出的,优秀的
5. n.维持和平(的行动)
6. n.维和人员
7. n.冲突,摩擦
troop
recall
barely
outstanding
peacekeeping
peacekeeper
friction
阅读词汇
1.allied　　　　　 adj.
2.code-name v.
3.tide n.
4.supreme adj.
5.commander n.
6.parachute n.
7.coastline n.
(第二次世界大战)同盟国的
起代号为
潮水
最高的
指挥官,长官
降落伞
海岸线
8.drown v.
9.gunfire n.
10.amongst prep.
11.tank n.
12.solemn adj.
13.weary v.
14.condemn v.
15.uniform n.
(使)淹死
炮火
在……当中(=among)
坦克
严肃的,庄重的
(使)非常疲倦
迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地
制服
16.bomb v.
17.disarm v.
batant n.
19.weapon n.
20.ammunition n.
轰炸
解除武装
战斗人员
武器,兵器
弹药
拓展词汇
1. adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→violently adv.猛烈地;强烈地→violence n.暴力
2. n.(军队的)登陆→land v.着陆,登陆 n.陆地;土地
3. n.惊恐→horrible adj.令人震惊的;恐怖的→horribly adv.可怕地;非常地
4. n.目的,目标 adj.客观的→object n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.反对;不同意;不赞成→objection n.反对;异议
violent
landing
horror
objective
5. v.解放(城市、国家等)→liberation n.解放
6. adj.纪念的,追悼的→memorialise vt.纪念→memory n.记忆;回忆
7. n.稳固,稳定→stable adj.稳固的,稳定的→unstable adj.不稳固的,不稳定的;易变的→stably adv.稳固地,稳定地
8. n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→professional adj.专业的;职业的→profession n.职业,行业
liberate
memorial
stability
professionalism
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.be made up of　　　　
2.free...from...
3.be set for
4.have confidence in...
5.devotion to duty
6.nothing less than
由……组成
使……免受……
(日期)定在……
对……有信心
忠于职守
不亚于;简直是,完全是
7.ring in one’s ears
8.at dawn
9.prepare for
10.make it
11.be seen widely as
12.meet up with
13.refer to...as...
在某人的耳边回响
在黎明
准备……;为……做准备
获得成功;达到预定目标
被广泛视为……
偶遇;碰面
把……称作……
14.civil war
15.warring parties
16.keep to one’s agreement
17.on standby
内战
交战双方
遵守某人的协议
待命
重点句型
1.Allied troops
were gathering in large numbers.(过去分词短语作定语)
主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的同盟国军队正在大量聚集。
2.Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,
.(独立主格结构)
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers
the aim being to free north-west Europe from
German occupation
3. ,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.(with复合结构)
盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语,做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。
4.The enemy were hiding,
.(形容词短语作状语)
敌人藏身于各个地方,甚至准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。
With these words ringing in their ears
ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they
reached land
【课文注解·中英对照】
The D-DAY LANDINGS
By spring 1944,the Second World War had been raging across the globe① for about five years.But along the south coast of England,something unusual was happening: Allied troops② made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers③.
诺曼底登陆
1944年春天,第二次世界大战的战火已经席卷全球大约5年之久。但是在英格兰的南部海岸正发生着不寻常的事情:主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的同盟国军队正在大量聚集。
①rage across the globe
席卷全球
②allied troops
同盟国军队
③gathering in large numbers 大量聚集
This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation④ that had been months,perhaps years,in the planning.Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from⑤ German occupation.After waiting for the perfect combination of ⑥ weather,moon and tides,the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for⑦ 6 June.
这标志着一场计划了数月,甚至可能是数年的绝密行动终于进入了最后阶段之一。这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。在确保天气、月亮和潮水三者达到最佳结合点后,“霸王行动”的开始日期最终定在了6月6日。
④a top-secret operation 绝密行动
⑤free...from
使……免受……
⑥the perfect combination of...……的完美结合
⑦be set for
(日期)定在……
An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read: “Your task will not be an easy one.Your enemy is well trained⑧,
well equipped and battle-hardened...But this is the year 1944...The tide has turned! The free men of the world are marching together to Victory! I have full confidence in⑨ your courage,devotion to duty⑩ and skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than full Victory!”
盟军最高司令艾森豪威尔将军在鼓舞军队士气时说道:“你们的任务将不会轻松。敌人训练有素、武器精良,而且久经沙场……但今年是1944年……时局已经发生转变!全世界自由的人们正在一起向胜利前进!我对你们的勇气、责任心和作战能力十分有信心。我们将迎接的只会是彻底的胜利!”
⑧be well trained
训练有素
⑨have full confidence in...
对……充满信心
⑩devotion to duty
忠于职守
nothing less than不亚于;简直是,
完全是
With these words ringing in their ears ,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.At dawn on 6 June,thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France.Meanwhile,thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy,protected by fighter planes in the skies above them.Their objective was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.But even in the depths of war,few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.
盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语,做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。6月6日清晨,数千名士兵在法国北部空降在敌人后方。与此同时,更有数千名士兵在他们上空的战斗机的保护下,穿越英吉利海峡,在诺曼底登陆。他们的目标十分明确:到达法国海岸线往前约
80千米的诺曼底海滩。但就算是深陷战争,也很少有人能够做好准备,面临即将发生的残暴和恐怖。
ring in one’s ears
在某人的耳边回响
become known as...被称为……
at dawn在黎明
journey across the English Channel
穿越英吉利海峡
in the depths of...
在……的深处;
深陷……
奥马哈海滩的情况最不容乐观。敌人藏身于各个地方,甚至准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。船被击沉,一些人落水而亡,而那些成功登陆的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。上午10点左右已有上百人在水中或在海滩上的坦克之间阵亡。一名士兵事后回忆他是如何在轰炸中侥幸脱险的:“我是第一个冲出来的人,第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的,我俩之间的士兵全被击中了,其中有2人死亡,3人受伤。真的是要有天大的运气才能躲过这一劫。”
尽管伤亡惨重,诺曼底登陆还是取得了成功,并且被人们普遍视为第二次世界大战结束的开端。在1944年8月底,盟军抵达塞纳河,解放了巴黎,从法国西北部赶走了德军。之后盟军准备进攻德国,而苏联军队也正从德国东部攻入,两军相遇。
70年后,曾在诺曼底登陆中奋战的将士聚集在英吉利海峡两岸,人们共同参加纪念仪式。在庄重感人的仪式上,一位当时参战的老兵向众人朗诵了劳伦斯·比尼恩《谨献给阵亡将士》一诗中的一段:
我们会日渐衰老,但他们永远不会老去,
他们永远不为年龄所难,永远不为岁月所累。
每当夕阳西下,每当清晨来临,
我们都会想起他们。
They shall grow not old,as we that are left grow old: Age shall not weary them,nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun and in the morning
We will remember them.
诺曼底登陆的幸存者每年都会相聚并纪念他们在登陆那天失去的战友和朋友。虽然每年相聚的人越来越少,但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们,以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与社会——战争与和平
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:课文介绍了诺曼底登陆的背景、过程和历史意义,表达了对牺牲战士的缅怀。阅读本文有利于引导学生认识到战争的残酷与和平的重要性,意识到虽然身处和平年代,仍要居安思危、不忘过往,从而培养学生对和平的热爱。
多维解读·浅析结构
background
order
stage
outcome
memorial ceremonies
outstanding
精研细读·深层理解
(　　)1.Which one can be used to replace the phrase “make it” in Paragraph 4
A.Set a time.
B.Arrive in time.
C.Successfully land on the beach.
D.Produce.
C
(　　)2.What can we learn about the poem in the passage
A.It was written by a soldier who survived the D-Day landings.
B.It introduces a famous British poet to us.
C.It describes how the French beaches became a famous attraction.
D.It tells us not to forget those who lost their lives in the D-Day landings.
D
(　　)3.How does the passage mainly develop
A.By following spatial order.
B.By following time order.
C.By making classifications.
D.By making comparisons.
B
二次开发·深研课文
On 6 June 1944,during the Second World War,1.　　　　(free) north-west Europe from German occupation,code-named “Operation Overlord”,
the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history started.Allied troops 2.　　 　　 (make) up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.With the commander’s order
3.　 　　　 (ring) in their ears,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known 4.　　　　 D-Day.
to free
made
ringing
as
The 5.　　　　 (fierce) fighting was at Omaha Beach.Although hundreds 6.　　　 (lie) dead in the water,a few soldiers 7.　　 　　 (bare) made it with bombs falling all around.Despite the high cost in human life,the D-Day landings were 8.　　　　 success.Paris was liberated and the Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany,9.　　　　 they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
fiercest
lay
barely
a
where
Nowadays,10.　　　 　 (survive) of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.
survivors
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.commander n.指挥官,长官
·command n.[C]命令;(计算机的)指令;[U]指挥;控制;(尤指对语言的)掌握,运用能力 v.指挥;命令;博得;赢得
·commanding adj.指挥的;威严的
[教材原句] An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read...
盟军最高司令艾森豪威尔将军在鼓舞军队士气时说道……
例 The commander of the school’s debate team organised a successful competition.
学校辩论队的负责人组织了一场成功的辩论赛。
例 (应用文写作之自荐信)I have a good command of English so I believe I can communicate with foreigners efficiently in English.
我的英语很好,所以我相信我可以用英语和外国人有效地交流。
例 The experienced coach commands all players to follow his new training plan strictly.
这位经验丰富的教练命令所有运动员严格遵守他新的训练计划。
归纳拓展
·command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that sb (should) do...命令某人做……
·at sb’s command 听候某人的吩咐;服从某人的支配
in command 负责;领导
in command of 指挥;控制;掌握
have a good command/knowledge of=master 掌握/精通……(尤指语言)
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Before the important military exercise,the experienced
(command) gave clear orders to ensure all soldiers’ safety.
The manager commanded his employees 　　 　　(finish) the project by the end of the week.
(应用文写作之建议信)We are supposed to learn Chinese well because
　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　(精通……) Chinese means knowing more about our culture.
commander
to finish
having a good command/knowledge of/mastering
(话题写作之学校生活)　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　(老师的声音如此威严) that we couldn’t help but focus on the lesson.
The teacher’s voice was so commanding
He was a natural commander who knew how to command people effectively and let people obey his commands.
他是一位天生的指挥官,他知道如何有效地指挥人们,让人们服从他的命令。
语境串词
2.prepare for为……做准备
·prepare v.准备;筹备
·preparation n.准备
·prepared adj.准备好的;愿意
[教材原句] But even in the depths of war,few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.
但就算是深陷战争,也很少有人能够做好准备,面对即将发生的残暴和恐怖。
例 I’m nervously preparing for tomorrow’s English speech,making sure I’m well-prepared.
为了明天的英语演讲,我正在紧张地准备中,确保自己准备充分。
例 (2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)She had prepared lots of snacks,while my job was to have the backyard in order.
她准备了很多零食,而我的任务则是把后院收拾整齐。
例 (话题写作之学校生活)The school is about to hold a sports meeting,and everyone is actively engaged in preparations.
学校即将举行运动会,大家都在积极地进行各项准备工作。
归纳拓展
·prepare to do sth准备做某事
prepare sb for sth 使某人对某事做好准备
·in preparation for 为……做准备
make preparations for 为……做准备工作
·be prepared to do sth 愿意做某事
be prepared for 为……做准备
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
They have spent three months reviewing lessons carefully to be well prepared 　　　　 the upcoming exam.
Now scientists are preparing 　　　　　　 (test) new AI tools in order to help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately.
We are searching for materials in the library in 　　 　　　　(prepare) for writing our papers.
for
to test
preparation
通过参加辩论俱乐部活动,我逐渐为公开演讲做好了准备,也变得更加自信。
By participating in the activities at the debate club,I gradually
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and became more confident.
prepared myself for public speaking
3.refer to...as...把……称作……
[教材原句] Among the many horrors inflicted on humanity by the Second World War was the massive bombing of civilians,often referred to as “terror bombing”.
在第二次世界大战给人类带来的众多恐怖事件中,对平民的大规模轰炸,通常被称为“恐怖轰炸”。
例 (2025·浙江1月卷)Referred to as matrix planting,this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden,and even some of the designing.
这种被称为矩阵种植的方法旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作,甚至承担一些设计工作。
例 (应用文写作之建议信/推荐信)Walking is widely referred to as an effective way to keep healthy.
散步被广泛认为是保持健康的一种有效方法。
例 (应用文写作之询问信)I am writing to ask for your advice in reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese culture appeal to foreigners most.
我写信是想咨询你关于什么样的中华传统文化最吸引外国人。
归纳拓展
·refer v.提到,谈及;涉及;查阅,参考
refer to 提到,谈及;参考,查阅;指的是
refer...to...将……送交给……
be referred to as 被称作
·reference n.提到;参考,查阅
in reference to 关于
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
Penny paper is a term that refers to papers made widely available to the public.　　　　　　　
When writing the report,she had to refer to several academic journals.
　　
Yesterday’s report referred to the successful satellite launch.　　　　 　
He plays basketball well and
(在班里被称为篮球专家).
指的是
查阅
提及,谈到
is referred to as a basketball expert in his class
重点句式
独立主格结构
[教材原句] Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
例 The final exam finished,all students started their summer vacation.(名词+过去分词,表时间)
期末考试结束后,所有学生都开始了他们的暑假。
例 A lot of difficult problems to solve,my deskmate chose to ask our teacher for help after class.(名词+不定式,表原因)
由于有很多难题要解决,我的同桌选择课后向我们的老师求助。
例 Time allowing,we plan to visit the history museum this weekend.(“名词+现在分词”表条件)
如果时间允许,我们计划本周末去参观历史博物馆。
例 The old teacher entered the lab,his expression calm and confident.(名词+形容词,表伴随)
老教师走进实验室,表情平静而自信。
例The storm over,everything was in peace again.(“名词+副词”表时间)
暴风雨过去了,一切又恢复了平静。
例He rushed into the classroom,a book in his hand.(名词+介词短语,表伴随)
他冲进教室,手里拿着一本书。
归纳拓展
独立主格结构:
·构成:逻辑主语(名词/代词)+分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词
短语/名词。
·句法功能:往往作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等。
·独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致。
[语境运用] 完成句子
(应用文写作之告知信)We have three large multi-media classrooms,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(每间教室都配备了最新的电脑).
(读后续写之情感描写)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (由于有大量文件要准备),the commander was anxious as if being on pins and needles.
(读后续写之神态描写)The new teacher came into the classroom,
　　　　　　　　　　　　(面带微笑).
each equipped with the newest computers
Lots of documents to prepare
a smile on his/her face
　　　　　　　　　(会议结束了),the teachers went out one by one.
(读后续写之情感描写) She raised her head and stared at me sorrowfully,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (眼里噙着泪水).
The meeting over
tears welling up in her eyes
[教材原句] Although each year they are fewer in number,their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
尝试分析:本句为复合句,主句为their outstanding acts of courage mean, 为让步状语从句; 为宾语从句,充当谓语动词mean的宾语; 为who引导的定语从句,修饰those。
自主翻译:虽然每年相聚的人越来越少,但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们,以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。
长难句分析
[语境运用] 情境写作
虽然他没有获得一等奖,但是他的勇气和决心表明他会继续努力,以实现他小时候为自己定下的目标。
Although he didn’t win first prize,his courage and determination showed that he would go on trying to achieve the goal that he had set for himself as a little boy.
语法微专题3
主谓一致(1)
语法原句再现
Your enemy is well trained,well equipped and battle-hardened...
The enemy were hiding,ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.
Seventy years later,men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel,where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
请注意上述句中的加粗部分,判断是哪种语法现象。
语法知识点拨
主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。本单元侧重讲解集体名词作主语时的主谓一致问题。集体名词作主语时可大致归为以下三种情况。
1.有些名词,如people、cattle、police、trousers等没有单数形式,作主语时,谓语动词只能用复数形式。
His trousers were slightly short.
他的裤子有点儿短。
How many people were at the meeting
有多少人参加了会议
2.有些集体名词,如public、family、enemy、audience、government、group、committee、team、media、band、staff、crew等,作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其表示的意义而定。该名词表示一个整体时,其谓语动词用单数形式;表示集体中的若干个体时,谓语动词用复数形式。
A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.
充满热情的球队更有可能获胜。
My family are going with me.
我的家人将和我一起走。
3.有的集体名词,如clothing、poetry、luggage、furniture、machinery、scenery、jewellery、equipment等,通常只用作不可数名词,表示单数意义,用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
All their clothing is bright and attractive.
他们所有的衣服都颜色鲜艳,引人注目。
Most of their equipment has been shipped ahead of schedule.
他们的大部分设备已经提前运走了。
温馨提示
①英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时,应根据其表达的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式,这类名词常见的有sheep、deer、fish、means、species、aircraft、crossroads、headquarters、series等。
Every possible means has been used to improve my English.
为了提高我的英语,每一种可能的方法我都用过了。
温馨提示
②学科名词如maths、politics、physics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;表示书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名、地名的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
To my delight,physics is her favourite subject.
令我高兴的是,物理学是她最喜欢的科目。
真题体验
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who 　　　　(be) in plant-rich workplaces.
were
答案及剖析:
1.were　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,定语从句的先行词是 people,复数,且时态应用一般过去时,对应的 be 动词过去式为were。故填were。
2.(2024· 浙江1月卷)That’s the local stage writing team that 　 　　(create) many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals,along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
creates
答案及剖析:
2.creates　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,
team表示一个整体,且根据上文可知,应用一般现在时,因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填creates。
3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The key finding of the study was that when crowds
　　　　 further 　　　　(divide) into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
were
答案及剖析:
3.were;divided　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,
此处为一般过去时;crowds和divide之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语crowds为复数含义。故填were;divided。
divided
语法专项训练
语篇填空
　　My neighbour’s new house is so beautiful and all the rooms 1.
(decorate) in an elegant style.It took him nearly five months to complete the decoration of the house.All the furniture 2.　　　　　 　　　(select) carefully by his parents.The walls 3.　　　 　　　(paint) light blue,a colour that can make people relaxed,because his family 4.　 　(be) fond of the colour.His brother’s clothing
5.　　　　(be) very up to date,and as a matter of fact,he is a singer and his audience 6.　 　(be) mainly young people.Last year,his brother 7.　 (invite) to sing a song at our class’s New Year Party,and all our class 8.　　　　　　 　　(impress) by his performance.
are decorated
was selected
were painted
are
is
are
was invited
were impressedDeveloping ideas,Presenting ideas,Reflection
写作词汇
1.emerge　　　　 v.出现
2.peer n.同龄人;同辈
3.representative n.代表
4.anniversary n.周年纪念日
5.sum n.金额,款项
6.grain n.谷物,粮食
阅读词汇
1.sardine　　　　　 n.沙丁鱼
2.dire adj.极其严重的
3.disrupt v.扰乱
4.daunting adj.吓人的,使人气馁的
5.fortify v.激励,加强
6.shirk v.逃避
7.depict v.描述,描写
8.breeze n.微风
9.crowning adj.使圆满的,使完美的
10.prominent adj.著名的,杰出的
11.commemorate v.庆祝,为……举行纪念活动
12.reaffirm v.重申,再次确定
13.blueprint n.蓝图
拓展词汇
1.academic adj.学术的→academically adv.学术上;学业上
2.aggression n.侵略→aggressive adj.好斗的;挑衅的;侵略的
3.intellectual adj.智力的,脑力的→intellect n.(尤指高等的)智力,思维逻辑领悟力;才智超群的人
4.associated adj.联合的→associate v.联系;联想→association n.联合;协会;关联
5.rough adj.简单的;粗糙的→roughly adv.粗糙地;大约→roughness n.粗糙
6.invader n.侵略者,侵略军→invade v.侵略;武装入侵→invasion n.武装入侵;侵略;侵犯
7.misty adj.多雾的→mist n.轻雾;薄雾
8.glory n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事→glorious adj.光荣的;辉煌的;荣耀的→gloriously adv.光荣地;辉煌地
9.dedication n.奉献→dedicate v.致力于,献身于
10.collective adj.集体的;共同的→collect v.收集;收藏→collection n.(常指同类的)收集物,收藏品
11.relevant adj.有关的,切题的→irrelevant adj.无关的→relevantly adv.贴切地→relevance n.紧密相关;切题
重点词块
1.be known as　　　　　 作为……而出名
2.light up 照亮
3.due to 由于
4.lay the foundation for 为……打下基础;奠定了……的基础
5.hold sth down 压住……;抑制……
6.blow away 刮走
7.shirk one’s duty 逃避某人的责任
8.a sense of commitment 责任感;献身精神
9.serve as 充当,担任;起……的作用
10.a large sum/number of 许多;大量
11.break through 突破
12.fight on 继续战斗
13.a hail of 一阵
重点句型
1.Real war is never romantic as it brings suffering and immense challenges.(as引导原因状语从句)
真正的战争从来不是浪漫的,因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。
2.It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.(it is no wonder that;if条件句的省略)
难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
3.“On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the desk,which would otherwise be blown away,” he said.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
“在刮风的日子里,我们不得不把纸按在桌子上,否则纸就会被风吹走。”他说。
4.Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.(过去分词短语作状语)
在献身精神的驱使下,许多学生参军抵抗日本侵略者,捍卫国家的荣誉。
【课文注解·中英对照】
①throughout history纵观历史 ② the great thinkers of the world 世界上伟大的思想家们 ③refer to...as...把……称为…… ④bring disaster to 给……带来灾难 ⑤be occupied by...被……占领 ⑥be destroyed by...被……破坏 ⑦educational and intellectual heritage教育和知识遗产 ⑧a distance of...……的距离 ⑨on foot徒步 ⑩light up 照亮 live in rough buildings住在简陋的建筑里 dire shortages of ...严重短缺…… fierce air attacks猛烈的空袭 immense hardships巨大的困难 daunting challenges艰巨的挑战 over a period of...在一段……的时间里;历经……时间 leading scholars and scientists领先的学者和科学家 　　LIANDA: A PLACE OF PASSION,BELIEF AND COMMITMENT 　　Throughout history①,the great thinkers of the world② have often rather romantically referred to their academic struggles as③ being like “war”.However,for most of them,the “war” has been purely symbolic.Real war is never romantic as it brings suffering and immense challenges. In 1937,the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster to④ China’s three great universities: Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by⑤ Japanese troops,while Nankai University was completely destroyed by⑥ bombing.To save their educational and intellectual heritage⑦,the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University,otherwise known as Lianda. Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of ⑧ more than 2,000 kilometres,most of them on foot⑨.Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky,often lit up⑩ by exploding Japanese bombs.Conditions were little better once they reached the remote and mountainous south-west part of China. They had to live in rough buildings ,packed 40 to a room,like sardines.There were dire shortages of food,books,and equipment.Furthermore,classes were frequently disrupted due to fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm. However,despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges ,it was right in this place,over a period of eight long years,that the nation’s intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, 联大:一个充满热情、信念 和奉献的地方 纵观历史,世界上伟大的思想家们常常以一种相当浪漫的说法把他们的学术之争比喻为“战争”。然而,对他们中的大多数人来说,“战争”一词纯粹是象征性的。真正的战争从来不是浪漫的,因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。 1937年,日军的侵略给中国三所著名大学带来了灾难:北京大学和清华大学被日本军队占领,南开大学被彻底炸毁。为了保护教育和知识遗产,这三所大学在昆明联合成立了国立西南联合大学,简称联大。 这三所大学的教授和学生们完成了一次长达2 000 多千米的漫长而艰辛的行程,他们中的大部分人都是徒步完成的。他们以尘土飞扬的道路为床,以开阔的、经常被日军的炸弹照亮的天空为屋顶。到了中国西南部的偏远山区后,情况也没有好多少。他们不得不住在简陋的房子里,40个人像沙丁鱼一样挤在一间屋子里,食物、书籍和设备严重短缺。此外,由于猛烈的空袭,课堂经常中断,因此上课时间往往在上午10点前和下午4点后。 然而,尽管面临着巨大的困难和艰巨的挑战,但正是在这个地方,经过八年漫长的岁月,国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护,还得到了强化,这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。“联大为我所取得的每项成就奠定了基础。”杨振宁回
lay the foundation for为……打下基础;奠定了……的基础 a temporary classroom一间临时教室 hold sth down压住……;抑制…… blow away刮走 at war在战争状态 shirk one’s duty逃避某人的责任 a sense of commitment责任感;献身精神 a great many 许多;大量 defend the honour of the nation捍卫国家的荣誉 thousands of college students数千名大学生 serve as担任,充当 breathe new life into...给……注入新的活力 strong spirit of perseverance and dedication 坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神 collective memory集体记忆 in the modern era在现代 including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.“Lianda laid the foundation for every achievement I have made,” Yang recalled.He still remembers learning in a temporary classroom that had no glass in the windows.“On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the desk,which would otherwise be blown away,” he said. With the country at war,students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.In fact,Lianda provided the largest number of student-soldiers from any campus in China.Of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters,one tenth were from Lianda,including the well-known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong.Zha later depicted the contributions of his peers in a poem: Softly,on the hillside forgotten by all,A misty rain falls in a gentle breeze; There is no trace of the footprints of history; Where brave souls once stood,breathing new life into the trees. 　　A product of the war,Lianda is now physically gone.But it has become the crowning glory of China’s modern universities,not only because of its prominent professors and talented students,but also because of the school’s strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.In 2017,representatives from Peking University,Tsinghua University,Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding. More than eighty years on,the priceless contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed.It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation,with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era. 忆道。他还记得在一间窗户没有玻璃的临时教室里学习。“在刮风的日子里,我们不得不把纸按在桌子上,否则纸就会被风吹走。”他说。 国家正处于战争状态,联大的学生们不会逃避他们的责任。在献身精神的驱使下,许多学生参军抵抗日本侵略者,捍卫国家的荣誉。事实上,联大输送的学生士兵的数量是中国所有校园中最多的。在来自全国各地担任翻译的数千名大学生中,有十分之一的人来自联大,其中包括著名的翻译家查良铮和许渊冲。查良铮后来在一首诗中描述了他的同龄人所做的贡献: 静静的,在那被遗忘的山坡上, 还下着密雨,还吹着细风, 没有人知道历史曾在此走过, 留下了英灵化入树干而滋生。 作为战争的产物,联大现在已经不复存在。但它已经成为中国现代大学的最高荣耀,这不仅是因为那些杰出的教授和才华横溢的学生,也因为联大坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神。2017年,北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂,共同纪念联大建校80周年。 尽管已经历经80多年,联大做出的无价贡献仍值得重申。它已成为中华民族集体记忆的一部分,联大精神更是描绘了现代中国所有大学的蓝图。
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与社会——联大的历史
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:文章通过介绍联大成立的时间、历史背景以及对中国发展做出的贡献,突出了联大师生救亡图存、为民族独立勇于献身的精神。阅读本文有利于新一代青年学习他们的精神品质,为民族复兴而努力奋斗。
多维解读·浅析结构
答案:1.what real war is　2.founding　3.conditions　4.contribution　5.glory
精研细读·深层理解
(　　)1.What does the word “epic” in the third paragraph mean
A.Brave. B.Impressive.
C.Large. D.Long and difficult.
(　　)2.What can we infer about the students at Lianda
A.They were scared of war and hoped to find a safe place to go on their study.
B.They shirked their duty and didn’t want to get involved in the war.
C.They were full of passion,belief and commitment.
D.They felt proud of themselves and wanted to go abroad for further study.
(　　)3.What did Yang Zhenning think of the days when he was learning at Lianda
A.Tough but worthy.
B.Interesting and relaxing.
C.Hard and disappointing.
D.Enjoyable and priceless.
(　　)4.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A.Famous professors made Lianda successful.
B.People today still admire the spirit of Lianda.
C.The contribution of Lianda is ignored by people.
D.Every aspect of Lianda is worthy of being learnt from by all modern universities.
答案:1.D　2.C　3.A　4.B
1.emerge v.出现;显现
·emergence n.出现;显现
·emergent adj.新兴的;处于发展初期的
·emergency n.突发事件;紧急情况
[教材原句] It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
例 (读后续写之环境描写)The sun emerged from behind the clouds.
太阳从云层后面露了出来。
例 The emergence of online learning platforms has greatly changed how students study in recent years.
近年来,在线学习平台的出现极大地改变了学生的学习方式。
例 With the rapid development of technology,many emergent industries have appeared and changed people’s lives.
随着科技的快速发展,许多新兴产业已经出现并改变了人们的生活。
·emerge from sth (从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;(从困境或苦难经历中)幸存下来,摆脱 emerge as 作为……脱颖而出/出现;崭露头角;成为 ·a state of emergency 紧急状态 in an emergency 紧急情况下
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
In recent years,many cities have turned to 　　　　 (emerge) green technologies to reduce environmental pollution effectively.
During the storm,the mayor declared a state of 　　　　　　(emerge) and ordered all residents to stay indoors.
As the morning fog disappeared,the picturesque village 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(从雾霭中显露出来),revealing colourful roofs and cobblestone streets.
Despite the initial challenges,the start-up 　　　　　　　　　(成为) a successful business within a few years.
答案: emergent　 emergency　 emerged from the mist　 emerged as
2.honour n.荣誉;名誉;荣幸;尊敬 vt.尊敬;给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)
·honoured adj.光荣的,荣幸的
·honourable adj.可敬的;值得钦佩的;品格高尚的;体面的
[教材原句] Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
在献身精神的驱使下,许多学生参军抵抗日本侵略者,捍卫国家的荣誉。
例 (话题写作之人物介绍)The old scientist devoted his whole life to medical research,which is an honourable career.
这位老科学家毕生投身医学研究,那是一份可敬的事业。
例 The monument was built in honour of the soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the country.
建这座纪念碑是为了纪念为国牺牲的战士们。
·in honour of 为向……表示敬意;为了纪念 have the honour of sth/of doing sth(=have the honour to do sth) 得到某殊荣/有幸做某事 It is an honour (for sb) to do...(=It is sb’s honour to do...) (对某人来说)做……是一种荣幸 ·honour sb with sth 以某事(物)向某人表示敬意;以某事(物)表扬/奖励某人 ·be honoured for...因……而受到尊敬/表扬 be/feel honoured that 因……而感到荣幸 be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The 　　　　(honour) receiver of the award dedicated her life to helping the less fortunate.
这颗新发现的恒星以一位中国天文学家的名字命名,以表彰他对天文学的贡献。
The newly-discovered star was named after a Chinese astronomer 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to astronomy.
(应用文写作之演讲稿)能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲,我感到非常荣幸。(feel honoured to do/it is an honour to do)
　　　　　　　　　　　　 to have the precious opportunity to deliver a speech here.
答案: honourable　 in honour of his contribution
I feel greatly honoured/It is a great honour for me
3.representative n.代表;代表性人物 adj.典型的;有代表性的
·represent v.代表;象征;展示;描绘;体现
[教材原句] In 2017,representatives from Peking University,Tsinghua University,Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding.
2017年,北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂,共同纪念联大建校80周年。
例 During the class meeting, I was chosen as the representative for this event, responsible for communicating with other classes.
在班会上,我被选为这次活动的代表,负责与其他班级沟通。
例 This small village with traditional stone houses is a representative example of rural life in the south of China.
这个有着传统石屋的小村庄,是中国南方乡村生活的一个典型例子。
例 (话题写作之学校生活)At the school art festival, this painting represents the creativity and talent of our class.
在学校艺术节上,这幅画代表了我们班的创意和才华。
·represent sb/sth as...把某人/某事(物)描绘为……;把某人描述为…… represent sth to sb 向某人正式提出(意见、抗议等) ·be representative of 是……的代表 ·其他表示“代表”的短语: stand for、on behalf of sb (=on one’s behalf)等。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
They represented their concerns 　　　　 the authorities.
The biography tries to represent him 　　　　 both a great artist and a humble ordinary person.
(话题写作之人物介绍)她是她那一代人的代表,具有前瞻性的态度和变革的激情。
　 her generation,with forward-thinking attitude and passion for change.
答案: to　 as　 She is representative of
4.relevant adj.有关的,切题的
·irrelevant adj.无关的
·relevance n.紧密相关;切题
·relevantly adv.贴切地
[教材原句] Prepare a short presentation on one of the topics from Activity 2 or think of another relevant topic.
准备一个关于活动2中某个话题的简短演示文稿或者想一个其他相关的话题。
例 When preparing a speech,ensure all content is closely relevant to the theme, avoiding the introduction to irrelevant information.
在准备演讲稿时,确保所有内容都与主题紧密相关,避免无关信息的引入。
例 The new rules of the debate competition have direct relevance to how we prepare our arguments.
辩论赛的新规则与我们准备论点的方式有直接关联。
·be relevant to 与……相关 ·have (no) relevance to 与……有(无)关 ·其他表示“与……有关”的短语:be related to、be linked to、be involved in、be associated with、be connected with、have something to do with等。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The teacher explained the
(relevant) of learning history to understanding current social issues.
The content he shares on social media is often 　　　　(relevant) to studying,making people feel like it’s a waste of time.
The coach’s guidance 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(与我的健身计划紧密相关).
答案: relevance　 irrelevant　 is closely relevant to my fitness plan
过去分词短语作状语
[教材原句] Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
在献身精神的驱使下,许多学生参军抵抗日本侵略者,捍卫国家的荣誉。
例Given a few more minutes,I’ll finish it.
再给我几分钟的时间,我就能完成了。
例 Encouraged by her teacher,Lucy worked even harder to improve her maths scores this term.
受到老师的鼓励,露西这学期更加努力地学习以提高数学成绩。
例 (读后续写之环境描写)Seen from the top of the mountain,the whole city looks like a beautiful picture in the morning.
清晨从山顶望去,整座城市就像一幅美丽的图画。
·动词-ed形式短语作状语表示被动或完成的动作,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。 ·动词-ed形式短语作状语,与句子的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 ·动词-ing形式短语作状语,与句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 ·动词不定式位于句首作状语,表示目的。
[语境运用] 完成句子
他全神贯注地读着书,没有注意到我进了房间。
　 ,he didn’t notice me enter the room.
被老师提醒后,汤姆意识到他本应该为了这次考试更努力学习。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,Tom realised he should have studied harder for the exam.
一天晚上,哈里给我打电话,让我尽快去他的公寓。
One evening Harry phoned me,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as soon as possible.
为了提高英语水平,他每天坚持记单词。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,he insists on memorising words every day.
答案: Absorbed in his book　 Reminded by the teacher　 asking me to come to his flat　 To improve his English
写作微专题3　Writing about a war hero
1.文体类型:介绍战斗英雄,属于写人的记叙文。
2.要点内容:(1)战斗英雄的姓名、出生时间、出生地点及其他背景信息;(2)战斗英雄的参战经历及主要事迹;(3)对战斗英雄进行评价并发表个人看法。
[思路指引]
1.首段常用句式。
Mr Yang,a common soldier,is famous for his perseverance.
General Li,known for bravely fighting,is a great hero.
We all like...
2.中段常用句式。
He was born in...
When he was...years old,he...
He did...to...
He died in...
3.尾段常用句式。
Though he passed away,he still...
He is highly praised by people for his...
People do...in memory of him.
　　假设你是李华,最近你观看了电影《邱少云》,对邱少云为了整个战斗胜利而在烈火中壮烈牺牲的事迹深有感触。请你用英语写一篇短文来介绍战斗英雄邱少云。
基本 信息 1926年出生于铜梁
主要 事迹 1949年,加入中国人民解放军,成为一名人民解放军战士; 在1952年的一次战斗中,为了不暴露潜伏部队,他强忍烈火灼烧的剧痛,壮烈牺牲
人物 评价 被授予“中国人民志愿军一级战斗英雄”光荣称号;被评为100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物之一;他的英勇事迹和革命精神将永载史册,永远激励着后人前行
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 v.激励
2.　　　　　　　　 出生于
3.　　　　　　　　 与……作斗争
4.　　　　　　　　 把……称作……
答案:1.inspire　2.be born in　3.fight against　4.refer to...as...
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.邱少云1926年出生于铜梁。
Qiu Shaoyun 　　　　　　　　 Tongliang in 1926.
2.他是最著名的战斗英雄之一。
He was one of 　　　　　　　　 combat heroes.
3.1949年,他加入中国人民解放军,成为一名勇敢的战士。
In 1949,he 　　　　 the Chinese People’s Liberation Army and became a brave soldier.
4.在1952年的一场战斗中,为了防止隐藏的部队暴露,他凭借着非凡的勇气忍受了烈火灼烧的剧烈痛苦,最终英勇牺牲了。
During a battle in 1952,　　　　　　　　　　　 of the hidden troops,he endured the intense pain of burning flames with 　　　　　　　　 and ultimately sacrificed his life heroically.
5.他被授予“中国人民志愿军一级战斗英雄”的荣誉称号。
He 　　　　　　 the honorary title of “First-Class Combat Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”.
6.他被评为100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物之一。
He 　　　　　　　　 one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China.
7.他的英勇事迹和革命精神将永远载入史册,激励子孙后代勇往直前。
His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history and 　　　　 future generations to move forward.
答案:1.was born in　2.the best-known　3.joined　4.to prevent the exposure; remarkable courage　5.was awarded　6.was referred to as　7.inspire
1.将句1和句2用过去分词短语作定语进行改写升级。
2.将句5和句6用过去分词短语作状语进行改写升级。
3.将句7用现在分词短语作状语进行改写升级。
答案:1.Qiu Shaoyun,born in Tongliang in 1926,was one of the best-known combat heroes.
2.Awarded the honorary title of “First-Class Combat Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”,he was referred to as one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China.
3.His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history,inspiring future generations to move forward.
Qiu Shaoyun,born in Tongliang in 1926,was one of the best-known combat heroes.
In 1949,he joined the Chinese People’s Liberation Army and became a brave soldier.During a battle in 1952,to prevent the exposure of the hidden troops,he endured the intense pain of burning flames with remarkable courage and ultimately sacrificed his life heroically.
Awarded the honorary title of “First-Class Combat Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”,he was referred to as one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China.His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history,inspiring future generations to move forward.
　　假设你是李华,最近你观看了电影《赵一曼》后深有感触,应校英语报邀请,请你用英语写一篇文章来介绍抗日英雄赵一曼。
基本 信息 1905 年出生于四川宜宾,1926年加入中国共产党
主要 事迹 “九一八”事变后前往东北,参加抗日活动;1935年,在与日伪军作战时受伤被俘,遭到严刑拷打仍保守党的秘密;1936年,英勇就义
人物 评价 她的牺牲是抗日力量的一大损失,但同时鼓舞了中华民族与侵略者进行激烈战斗的士气
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词语:“九一八”事变 September 18th Incident;抗日力量the anti-Japanese aggression forces。
　　One possible version:
Zhao Yiman,who was born in Yibin,Sichuan Province in 1905,joined the Communist Party of China in 1926.
After the September 18th Incident,she went to the northeast of China and joined in the anti-Japanese aggression activities,fighting against the Japanese invaders.In 1935,Zhao Yiman was wounded during the battle against the Japanese puppet troops and was captured unfortunately.Japanese soldiers tortured her cruelly and forced her to reveal useful information,but in vain.In 1936,the Japanese troops killed her in public.
Zhao’s sacrifice was a huge loss to the anti-Japanese aggression forces,but boosted the morale of the Chinese nation to fight fiercely against the invaders.
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后续写 微技能之“点” 情感描写 相关词语 full of confidence 充满信心　heart-broken adj.心碎的,伤心的　sorrow n.悲痛　anger n.生气,愤怒　be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事　with a big smile on sb’s face 某人脸上带着灿烂的微笑
动作描写 相关词语 drown v.(使)淹死　recall v.回想,回忆起　fortify v.激励,加强　depict v.描述,描写
人物描写 相关词语 violence n.暴力　outstanding adj.杰出的,优秀的　intellectual adj.智力的,脑力的　rough adj.简单的;粗糙的　commitment n.投入　glory n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事　prominent adj.著名的,杰出的　dedication n.奉献　shirk one’s duty 逃避某人的责任
环境描写 相关词语 coastline n.海岸线　misty adj.多雾的　breeze n.微风　horror n.惊恐;令人惊恐的事
读后续写 微技能之“线” Their heart-broken mother receives the news about all her dead sons on the same day.(情感描写) A misty rain falls in a gentle breeze.(环境描写) With the country at war,students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.(人物描写) It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation,with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.(主旨升华句)
读后续写 微技能之“面” 读后续写——战胜自我 　　莉莉脸上带着灿烂的笑容站在学校门口,决心开启美好的一天。然而,这个愉快的念头刚闪过,她便回想起了上个月数学考试失利带来的心碎。随后,老师鼓舞人心的话语给了她力量,她意识到是时候做出改变了。每天晚上,她都额外花时间做练习题,渐渐把粗略的笔记整理成清晰的知识点。如今,握着这份成绩大幅进步的试卷,她深深感激这份支持。“我能做得更好!” 她轻声说道,心中充满信心,晨风轻轻地吹拂着她的发丝。 Standing at the school gate 1.　,Lily 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a nice day.However,no sooner had the pleasant thought crossed her mind than she 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 over failing the maths exam last month.Later,her teacher’s encouraging words fortified her,and she realised 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Every evening,she spent extra hours working on exercises,gradually turning her rough notes into clear knowledge points.Now,holding the significantly improved test paper,she feels deeply grateful for the support.“I can do better!” she whispers,5.　　　　　　　　　　 in her heart,as the morning breeze gently ruffles her hair. 答案:1.with a big smile on her face　2.was determined to start　3.recalled her heartbreak　4.it was time to make a change　5.full of confidence
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.violent adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→violently adv.猛烈地;强烈地→violence n.暴力
2.landing n.(军队的)登陆→land v.着陆,登陆 n.陆地;土地
3.horror n.惊恐→horrible adj.令人震惊的;恐怖的→horribly adv.可怕地;非常地
4.objective n.目的,目标adj.客观的→object n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.反对;不同意;不赞成→objection n.反对;异议
5.liberate v.解放(城市、国家等)→liberation n.解放
6.memorial adj.纪念的,追悼的→memorialise vt.纪念→memory n.记忆;回忆
7.stability n.稳固,稳定→stable adj.稳固的,稳定的→unstable adj.不稳固的,不稳定的;易变的→stably adv.稳固地,稳定地
8.professionalism n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→professional adj.专业的;职业的→profession n.职业,行业
9.academic adj.学术的→academically adv.学术上;学业上
10.aggression n.侵略→aggressive adj.好斗的;挑衅的;侵略的
11.intellectual adj.智力的,脑力的→intellect n.(尤指高等的)智力,思维逻辑领悟力;才智超群的人
12.associated adj.联合的→associate v.联系;联想→association n.联合;协会;关联
13.rough adj.简单的;粗糙的→roughly adv.粗糙地;大约→roughness n.粗糙
14.invader n.侵略者,侵略军→invade v.侵略;武装入侵→invasion n.武装入侵;侵略;侵犯
15.glory n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事→glorious adj.光荣的;辉煌的;荣耀的→gloriously adv.光荣地;辉煌地
16.dedication n.奉献→dedicate v.致力于,献身于
17.collective adj.集体的;共同的→collect v.收集;收藏→collection n.(常指同类的)收集物,收藏品
18.relevant adj.有关的,切题的→irrelevant adj.无关的→relevantly adv.贴切地→relevance n.紧密相关;切题
Ⅱ.重点词块
1.be made up of　　　　　　 由……组成
2.free...from... 使……免受……
3.have confidence in... 对……有信心
4.devotion to duty 忠于职守
5.nothing less than 不亚于;简直是,完全是
6.prepare for 准备……;为……做准备
7.make it 获得成功;达到预定目标
8.be seen widely as 被广泛视为……
9.meet up with 偶遇;碰面
10.keep to one’s agreement 遵守某人的协议
11.on standby 待命
12.refer to...as... 把……称作……
13.be known as 作为……而出名
14.light up 照亮
15.due to 由于
16.lay the foundation for 为……打下基础;奠定了……的基础
17.shirk one’s duty 逃避某人的责任
18.a sense of commitment 责任感;献身精神
19.serve as 充当,担任;起……的作用
20.a large sum/number of 许多;大量
21.break through 突破
22.fight on 继续战斗
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.过去分词短语作定语
Allied troops made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers (主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的) were gathering in large numbers.
句式仿写
The homework finished last night(昨晚完成的) was praised by our teacher.
2.独立主格结构
Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation (目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区).
句式仿写
His homework having been finished (他的作业已经完成了),Tom went to bed.
3.形容词短语作状语
The enemy were hiding,ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land (甚至准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻).
句式仿写
The lost boy spent three days in the forest,cold and hungry (又冷又饿).
4.as引导原因状语从句
Real war is never romantic as it brings suffering and immense challenges (因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战).
句式仿写
True love is never effortless,as it demands patience and continuous efforts (因为它需要耐心和不断的努力).
5.which引导非限制性定语从句
“On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the desk,which would otherwise be blown away (否则就会被风吹走),” he said.
句式仿写
Because of the rain,some of the roads were flooded,which made our journey more difficult (使得我们的旅程更加艰难).
6.过去分词短语作状语
Driven by a sense of commitment (在献身精神的驱使下),a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
句式仿写
Moved to tears by the story (被这个故事感动哭了),she stood there still and quiet.[词汇串记·语段感知]
　　Achieving peace and development requires reducing and even eliminating violence and conflict,with an objective to foster long-lasting stability.To draw a blueprint for human prosperity,all countries in the world should participate actively.We young people should always be on standby and make full use of our collective strength and wisdom to create our own future.
实现和平与发展需要减少甚至消除暴力与冲突,其目的在于促进长期的稳定。为了绘制人类繁荣的蓝图,世界各国应当积极参与。我们年轻人应该随时待命,并充分利用我们集体的力量与智慧去创造我们自己的未来。
Starting out,Understanding ideas,Using language
写作词汇
1.troop　　　　　　 n.部队;军队
2.recall v.回想,回忆起
3.barely adv.勉强才能
4.outstanding adj.杰出的,优秀的
5.peacekeeping n.维持和平(的行动)
6.peacekeeper n.维和人员
7.friction n.冲突,摩擦
阅读词汇
1.allied　　　　 adj.(第二次世界大战)同盟国的
2.code-name v.起代号为
3.tide n.潮水
4.supreme adj.最高的
5.commander n.指挥官,长官
6.parachute n.降落伞
7.coastline n.海岸线
8.drown v.(使)淹死
9.gunfire n.炮火
10.amongst prep.在……当中(=among)
11.tank n.坦克
12.solemn adj.严肃的,庄重的
13.weary v.(使)非常疲倦
14.condemn v.迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地
15.uniform n.制服
16.bomb v.轰炸
17.disarm v.解除武装
batant n.战斗人员
19.weapon n.武器,兵器
20.ammunition n.弹药
拓展词汇
1.violent adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→violently adv.猛烈地;强烈地→violence n.暴力
2.landing n.(军队的)登陆→land v.着陆,登陆 n.陆地;土地
3.horror n.惊恐→horrible adj.令人震惊的;恐怖的→horribly adv.可怕地;非常地
4.objective n.目的,目标 adj.客观的→object n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.反对;不同意;不赞成→objection n.反对;异议
5.liberate v.解放(城市、国家等)→liberation n.解放
6.memorial adj.纪念的,追悼的→memorialise vt.纪念→memory n.记忆;回忆
7.stability n.稳固,稳定→stable adj.稳固的,稳定的→unstable adj.不稳固的,不稳定的;易变的→stably adv.稳固地,稳定地
8.professionalism n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→professional adj.专业的;职业的→profession n.职业,行业
重点词块
1.be made up of　　　　 由……组成
2.free...from... 使……免受……
3.be set for (日期)定在……
4.have confidence in... 对……有信心
5.devotion to duty 忠于职守
6.nothing less than 不亚于;简直是,完全是
7.ring in one’s ears 在某人的耳边回响
8.at dawn 在黎明
9.prepare for 准备……;为……做准备
10.make it 获得成功;达到预定目标
11.be seen widely as 被广泛视为……
12.meet up with 偶遇;碰面
13.refer to...as... 把……称作……
14.civil war 内战
15.warring parties 交战双方
16.keep to one’s agreement 遵守某人的协议
17.on standby 待命
重点句型
1.Allied troops made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.(过去分词短语作定语)
主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的同盟国军队正在大量聚集。
2.Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.(独立主格结构)
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
3.With these words ringing in their ears,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.(with复合结构)
盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语,做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。
4.The enemy were hiding,ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.(形容词短语作状语)
敌人藏身于各个地方,甚至准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。
【课文注解·中英对照】
①rage across the globe 席卷全球 ②allied troops 同盟国军队 ③gathering in large numbers 大量聚集 ④a top-secret operation 绝密行动 ⑤free...from使……免受…… ⑥the perfect combination of...……的完美结合 ⑦be set for(日期)定在…… ⑧be well trained训练有素 ⑨have full confidence in...对……充满信心 ⑩devotion to duty忠于职守 nothing less than不亚于;简直是,完全是 ring in one’s ears在某人的耳边回响 become known as...被称为…… at dawn在黎明 journey across the English Channel穿越英吉利海峡 in the depths of...在……的深处;深陷…… The D-DAY LANDINGS By spring 1944,the Second World War had been raging across the globe① for about five years.But along the south coast of England,something unusual was happening: Allied troops② made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers③.This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation④ that had been months,perhaps years,in the planning.Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from⑤ German occupation.After waiting for the perfect combination of ⑥ weather,moon and tides,the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for⑦ 6 June. An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read: “Your task will not be an easy one.Your enemy is well trained⑧,well equipped and battle-hardened...But this is the year 1944...The tide has turned! The free men of the world are marching together to Victory! I have full confidence in⑨ your courage,devotion to duty⑩ and skill in battle.We will accept nothing less than full Victory!” 　With these words ringing in their ears ,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.At dawn on 6 June,thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France.Meanwhile,thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy,protected by fighter planes in the skies above them.Their objective was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline.But even in the depths of war,few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there. 诺曼底登陆 1944年春天,第二次世界大战的战火已经席卷全球大约5年之久。但是在英格兰的南部海岸正发生着不寻常的事情:主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的同盟国军队正在大量聚集。这标志着一场计划了数月,甚至可能是数年的绝密行动终于进入了最后阶段之一。这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。在确保天气、月亮和潮水三者达到最佳结合点后,“霸王行动”的开始日期最终定在了6月6日。 盟军最高司令艾森豪威尔将军在鼓舞军队士气时说道:“你们的任务将不会轻松。敌人训练有素、武器精良,而且久经沙场……但今年是1944年……时局已经发生转变!全世界自由的人们正在一起向胜利前进!我对你们的勇气、责任心和作战能力十分有信心。我们将迎接的只会是彻底的胜利!” 　　盟军士兵耳中回荡着这些话语,做好了登陆诺曼底的准备。6月6日清晨,数千名士兵在法国北部空降在敌人后方。与此同时,更有数千名士兵在他们上空的战斗机的保护下,穿越英吉利海峡,在诺曼底登陆。他们的目标十分明确:到达法国海岸线往前约80千米的诺曼底海滩。但就算是深陷战争,也很少有人能够做好准备,面临即将发生的残暴和恐怖。
the fiercest fighting 最激烈的战斗 make it获得成功;达到预定目标 by mid-morning 上午10点左右 get across the beach穿过沙滩 in between在……之间 [熟词生义] success n.成功的人(或事物) be seen widely as被广泛视为…… by the end of...到……结束时 remove...from...从……中移除…… meet up with偶遇;碰面 memorial ceremonies 纪念仪式 solemn and moving occasion 庄重而感人的场合 read out to the crowd向人群朗读 outstanding acts of courage英勇壮举 as well as和,以及 lose one’s life丧生,牺牲 　　The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach.The enemy were hiding,ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.Boats were hit and men drowned,while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.By mid-morning ,hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach.One soldier recalled how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him: “I was the first one out.The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit.All the ones in between were hit.Two were killed; three were injured.That’s how lucky you had to be.” But,despite the high cost in human life,the D-Day landings were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.By the end of August 1944,the Allies had reached the River Seine,Paris was liberated,and the Germans had been removed from north-west France.The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany,where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east. Seventy years later,men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel,where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.As part of this solemn and moving occasion,a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen,by Laurence Binyon: They shall grow not old,as we that are left grow old: Age shall not weary them,nor the years condemn. At the going down of the sun and in the morning We will remember them. Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.Although each year they are fewer in number,their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France. 　　奥马哈海滩的情况最不容乐观。敌人藏身于各个地方,甚至准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。船被击沉,一些人落水而亡,而那些成功登陆的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。上午10点左右已有上百人在水中或在海滩上的坦克之间阵亡。一名士兵事后回忆他是如何在轰炸中侥幸脱险的:“我是第一个冲出来的人,第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的,我俩之间的士兵全被击中了,其中有2人死亡,3人受伤。真的是要有天大的运气才能躲过这一劫。” 尽管伤亡惨重,诺曼底登陆还是取得了成功,并且被人们普遍视为第二次世界大战结束的开端。在1944年8月底,盟军抵达塞纳河,解放了巴黎,从法国西北部赶走了德军。之后盟军准备进攻德国,而苏联军队也正从德国东部攻入,两军相遇。 70年后,曾在诺曼底登陆中奋战的将士聚集在英吉利海峡两岸,人们共同参加纪念仪式。在庄重感人的仪式上,一位当时参战的老兵向众人朗诵了劳伦斯·比尼恩《谨献给阵亡将士》一诗中的一段: 我们会日渐衰老,但他们永远不会老去, 他们永远不为年龄所难,永远不为岁月所累。 每当夕阳西下,每当清晨来临, 我们都会想起他们。 诺曼底登陆的幸存者每年都会相聚并纪念他们在登陆那天失去的战友和朋友。虽然每年相聚的人越来越少,但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们,以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与社会——战争与和平
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:课文介绍了诺曼底登陆的背景、过程和历史意义,表达了对牺牲战士的缅怀。阅读本文有利于引导学生认识到战争的残酷与和平的重要性,意识到虽然身处和平年代,仍要居安思危、不忘过往,从而培养学生对和平的热爱。
多维解读·浅析结构
答案:1.background　2.order　3.stage　4.outcome　5.memorial ceremonies　6.outstanding
精研细读·深层理解
(　　)1.Which one can be used to replace the phrase “make it” in Paragraph 4
A.Set a time. B.Arrive in time.
C.Successfully land on the beach. D.Produce.
(　　)2.What can we learn about the poem in the passage
A.It was written by a soldier who survived the D-Day landings.
B.It introduces a famous British poet to us.
C.It describes how the French beaches became a famous attraction.
D.It tells us not to forget those who lost their lives in the D-Day landings.
(　　)3.How does the passage mainly develop
A.By following spatial order. B.By following time order.
C.By making classifications. D.By making comparisons.
答案:1.C　2.D　3.B
二次开发·深研课文
　　On 6 June 1944,during the Second World War,1.　　　　(free) north-west Europe from German occupation,code-named “Operation Overlord”,the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history started.Allied troops 2.　　　　 (make) up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.With the commander’s order 3.　　　　 (ring) in their ears,Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known 4.　　　　 D-Day.
The 5.　　　　 (fierce) fighting was at Omaha Beach.Although hundreds 6.　　　　 (lie) dead in the water,a few soldiers 7.　　　　 (bare) made it with bombs falling all around.Despite the high cost in human life,the D-Day landings were 8.　　　　 success.Paris was liberated and the Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany,9.　　　　 they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
Nowadays,10.　　　　 (survive) of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day.
答案:1.to free　2.made　3.ringing　4.as　5.fiercest　6.lay　7.barely　8.a　9.where　10.survivors
1.commander n.指挥官,长官
·command n.[C]命令;(计算机的)指令;[U]指挥;控制;(尤指对语言的)掌握,运用能力 v.指挥;命令;博得;赢得
·commanding adj.指挥的;威严的
[教材原句] An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read...
盟军最高司令艾森豪威尔将军在鼓舞军队士气时说道……
例 The commander of the school’s debate team organised a successful competition.
学校辩论队的负责人组织了一场成功的辩论赛。
例 (应用文写作之自荐信)I have a good command of English so I believe I can communicate with foreigners efficiently in English.
我的英语很好,所以我相信我可以用英语和外国人有效地交流。
例 The experienced coach commands all players to follow his new training plan strictly.
这位经验丰富的教练命令所有运动员严格遵守他新的训练计划。
·command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 command that sb (should) do...命令某人做…… ·at sb’s command 听候某人的吩咐;服从某人的支配 in command 负责;领导 in command of 指挥;控制;掌握 have a good command/knowledge of=master 掌握/精通……(尤指语言)
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
Before the important military exercise,the experienced 　　　　　　 (command) gave clear orders to ensure all soldiers’ safety.
The manager commanded his employees 　　　　(finish) the project by the end of the week.
(应用文写作之建议信)We are supposed to learn Chinese well because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(精通……) Chinese means knowing more about our culture.
(话题写作之学校生活)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(老师的声音如此威严) that we couldn’t help but focus on the lesson.
答案: commander　 to finish　 having a good command/knowledge of/mastering　 The teacher’s voice was so commanding
He was a natural commander who knew how to command people effectively and let people obey his commands.
他是一位天生的指挥官,他知道如何有效地指挥人们,让人们服从他的命令。
2.prepare for为……做准备
·prepare v.准备;筹备
·preparation n.准备
·prepared adj.准备好的;愿意
[教材原句] But even in the depths of war,few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.
但就算是深陷战争,也很少有人能够做好准备,面对即将发生的残暴和恐怖。
例 I’m nervously preparing for tomorrow’s English speech,making sure I’m well-prepared.
为了明天的英语演讲,我正在紧张地准备中,确保自己准备充分。
例 (2025·新课标Ⅰ卷)She had prepared lots of snacks,while my job was to have the backyard in order.
她准备了很多零食,而我的任务则是把后院收拾整齐。
例 (话题写作之学校生活)The school is about to hold a sports meeting,and everyone is actively engaged in preparations.
学校即将举行运动会,大家都在积极地进行各项准备工作。
·prepare to do sth准备做某事 prepare sb for sth 使某人对某事做好准备 ·in preparation for 为……做准备 make preparations for 为……做准备工作 ·be prepared to do sth 愿意做某事 be prepared for 为……做准备
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
They have spent three months reviewing lessons carefully to be well prepared 　　　　 the upcoming exam.
Now scientists are preparing 　　　　　　 (test) new AI tools in order to help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately.
We are searching for materials in the library in 　　　　　　(prepare) for writing our papers.
通过参加辩论俱乐部活动,我逐渐为公开演讲做好了准备,也变得更加自信。
By participating in the activities at the debate club,I gradually 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and became more confident.
答案: for　 to test　 preparation　 prepared myself for public speaking
3.refer to...as...把……称作……
[教材原句] Among the many horrors inflicted on humanity by the Second World War was the massive bombing of civilians,often referred to as “terror bombing”.
在第二次世界大战给人类带来的众多恐怖事件中,对平民的大规模轰炸,通常被称为“恐怖轰炸”。
例 (2025·浙江1月卷)Referred to as matrix planting,this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden,and even some of the designing.
这种被称为矩阵种植的方法旨在让大自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作,甚至承担一些设计工作。
例 (应用文写作之建议信/推荐信)Walking is widely referred to as an effective way to keep healthy.
散步被广泛认为是保持健康的一种有效方法。
例 (应用文写作之询问信)I am writing to ask for your advice in reference to what kinds of traditional Chinese culture appeal to foreigners most.
我写信是想咨询你关于什么样的中华传统文化最吸引外国人。
·refer v.提到,谈及;涉及;查阅,参考 refer to 提到,谈及;参考,查阅;指的是 refer...to...将……送交给…… be referred to as 被称作 ·reference n.提到;参考,查阅 in reference to 关于
[语境运用] 一词多义/完成句子
Penny paper is a term that refers to papers made widely available to the public.　　　　　　　
When writing the report,she had to refer to several academic journals.　　　　　　　
Yesterday’s report referred to the successful satellite launch.　　　　　　　
He plays basketball well and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(在班里被称为篮球专家).
答案: 指的是　 查阅　 提及,谈到　 is referred to as a basketball expert in his class
独立主格结构
[教材原句] Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.
这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
例 The final exam finished,all students started their summer vacation.(名词+过去分词,表时间)
期末考试结束后,所有学生都开始了他们的暑假。
例 A lot of difficult problems to solve,my deskmate chose to ask our teacher for help after class.(名词+不定式,表原因)
由于有很多难题要解决,我的同桌选择课后向我们的老师求助。
例 Time allowing,we plan to visit the history museum this weekend.(“名词+现在分词”表条件)
如果时间允许,我们计划本周末去参观历史博物馆。
例 The old teacher entered the lab,his expression calm and confident.(名词+形容词,表伴随)
老教师走进实验室,表情平静而自信。
例The storm over,everything was in peace again.(“名词+副词”表时间)
暴风雨过去了,一切又恢复了平静。
例He rushed into the classroom,a book in his hand.(名词+介词短语,表伴随)
他冲进教室,手里拿着一本书。
独立主格结构: ·构成:逻辑主语(名词/代词)+分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词。 ·句法功能:往往作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等。 ·独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致。
[语境运用] 完成句子
(应用文写作之告知信)We have three large multi-media classrooms,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(每间教室都配备了最新的电脑).
(读后续写之情感描写)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (由于有大量文件要准备),the commander was anxious as if being on pins and needles.
(读后续写之神态描写)The new teacher came into the classroom,　　　　　　　　　　　　(面带微笑).
　　　　　　　　　(会议结束了),the teachers went out one by one.
(读后续写之情感描写) She raised her head and stared at me sorrowfully, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (眼里噙着泪水).
答案: each equipped with the newest computers　
Lots of documents to prepare　 a smile on his/her face　 The meeting over　 tears welling up in her eyes
[教材原句] Although each year they are fewer in number,their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them—as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
尝试分析:本句为复合句,主句为their outstanding acts of courage mean, 为让步状语从句; 为宾语从句,充当谓语动词mean的宾语; 为who引导的定语从句,修饰those。
自主翻译:虽然每年相聚的人越来越少,但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们,以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。
　[语境运用] 情境写作
虽然他没有获得一等奖,但是他的勇气和决心表明他会继续努力,以实现他小时候为自己定下的目标。
Although he didn’t win first prize,his courage and determination showed that he would go on trying to achieve the goal that he had set for himself as a little boy.
语法微专题3　主谓一致(1)
Your enemy is well trained,well equipped and battle-hardened...
The enemy were hiding,ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.
Seventy years later,men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel,where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
　　请注意上述句中的加粗部分,判断是哪种语法现象。
　　主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。本单元侧重讲解集体名词作主语时的主谓一致问题。集体名词作主语时可大致归为以下三种情况。
1.有些名词,如people、cattle、police、trousers等没有单数形式,作主语时,谓语动词只能用复数形式。
His trousers were slightly short.
他的裤子有点儿短。
How many people were at the meeting
有多少人参加了会议
2.有些集体名词,如public、family、enemy、audience、government、group、committee、team、media、band、staff、crew等,作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其表示的意义而定。该名词表示一个整体时,其谓语动词用单数形式;表示集体中的若干个体时,谓语动词用复数形式。
A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.
充满热情的球队更有可能获胜。
My family are going with me.
我的家人将和我一起走。
3.有的集体名词,如clothing、poetry、luggage、furniture、machinery、scenery、jewellery、equipment等,通常只用作不可数名词,表示单数意义,用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
All their clothing is bright and attractive.
他们所有的衣服都颜色鲜艳,引人注目。
Most of their equipment has been shipped ahead of schedule.
他们的大部分设备已经提前运走了。
①英语中一些单复数同形的名词作主语时,应根据其表达的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式,这类名词常见的有sheep、deer、fish、means、species、aircraft、crossroads、headquarters、series等。
Every possible means has been used to improve my English.
为了提高我的英语,每一种可能的方法我都用过了。
②学科名词如maths、politics、physics等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;表示书名、剧名、报刊名、国家名、地名的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
To my delight,physics is her favourite subject.
令我高兴的是,物理学是她最喜欢的科目。
1.(2025·新课标Ⅱ卷)Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who 　　　　(be) in plant-rich workplaces.
2.(2024· 浙江1月卷)That’s the local stage writing team that 　　　　(create) many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals,along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The key finding of the study was that when crowds 　　　　 further 　　　　(divide) into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
答案及剖析:
1.were　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,定语从句的先行词是 people,复数,且时态应用一般过去时,对应的 be 动词过去式为were。故填were。
2.creates　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,team表示一个整体,且根据上文可知,应用一般现在时,因此谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填creates。
3.were;divided　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此处为一般过去时;crowds和divide之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语crowds为复数含义。故填were;divided。
语篇填空
　　My neighbour’s new house is so beautiful and all the rooms 1.　 (decorate)
in an elegant style.It took him nearly five months to complete the decoration of the house.All the furniture 2.　　　　　　　　(select) carefully by his parents.The walls 3.　　　　　　　　(paint) light blue,a colour that can make people relaxed,because his family 4.　　　　(be) fond of the colour.His brother’s clothing 5.　　　　(be) very up to date,and as a matter of fact,he is a singer and his audience 6.　　　　(be) mainly young people.Last year,his brother 7.　
(invite) to sing a song at our class’s New Year Party,and all our class 8.　　　　　　　　(impress) by his performance.
答案:1.are decorated　2.was selected　3.were painted　4.are　5.is　6.are　7.was invited
8.were impressed(共99张PPT)
Developing ideas,
Presenting ideas,Reflection
Part 2
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
写作词汇
1. 　　　　 v.出现
2. n.同龄人;同辈
3. n.代表
4. n.周年纪念日
5. n.金额,款项
6. n.谷物,粮食
emerge
peer
representative
anniversary
sum
grain
阅读词汇
1.sardine　　　　　 n.
2.dire adj.
3.disrupt v.
4.daunting adj.
5.fortify v.
6.shirk v.
沙丁鱼
极其严重的
扰乱
吓人的,使人气馁的
激励,加强
逃避
7.depict v.
8.breeze n.
9.crowning adj.
10.prominent adj.
11.commemorate v.
12.reaffirm v.
13.blueprint n.
描述,描写
微风
使圆满的,使完美的
著名的,杰出的
庆祝,为……举行纪念活动
重申,再次确定
蓝图
拓展词汇
1. adj.学术的→academically adv.学术上;学业上
2. n.侵略→aggressive adj.好斗的;挑衅的;侵略的
3. adj.智力的,脑力的→intellect n.(尤指高等的)智力,思维逻辑领悟力;才智超群的人
4. adj.联合的→associate v.联系;联想→association n.联合;协会;关联
academic
aggression
intellectual
associated
5. adj.简单的;粗糙的→roughly adv.粗糙地;大约→roughness n.粗糙
6. n.侵略者,侵略军→invade v.侵略;武装入侵→invasion n.武装入侵;侵略;侵犯
7. adj.多雾的→mist n.轻雾;薄雾
8. n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事→glorious adj.光荣的;辉煌的;荣耀的→
gloriously adv.光荣地;辉煌地
9. n.奉献→dedicate v.致力于,献身于
rough
invader
misty
glory
dedication
10. adj.集体的;共同的→collect v.收集;收藏→collection n.(常指同类的)收集物,收藏品
11. adj.有关的,切题的→irrelevant adj.无关的→relevantly adv.贴切地→relevance n.紧密相关;切题
collective
relevant
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.be known as　　　　　
2.light up
3.due to
4.lay the foundation for
5.hold sth down
6.blow away
作为……而出名
照亮
由于
为……打下基础;奠定了……的基础
压住……;抑制……
刮走
7.shirk one’s duty
8.a sense of commitment
9.serve as
10.a large sum/number of
11.break through
12.fight on
13.a hail of
逃避某人的责任
责任感;献身精神
充当,担任;起……的作用
许多;大量
突破
继续战斗
一阵
重点句型
1.Real war is never romantic
.(as引导原因状语从句)
真正的战争从来不是浪漫的,因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。
2. ,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.(it is no wonder that;if条件句的省略)
难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
as it brings suffering and immense
challenges
It is no wonder that many,if not most
3.“On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the desk,
,” he said.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
“在刮风的日子里,我们不得不把纸按在桌子上,否则纸就会被风吹走。”他说。
4. ,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.(过去分词短语作状语)
在献身精神的驱使下,许多学生参军抵抗日本侵略者,捍卫国家的荣誉。
which would
otherwise be blown away
Driven by a sense of commitment
[课文注解·中英对照]
　LIANDA: A PLACE OF PASSION,BELIEF AND COMMITMENT
　　Throughout history①,the great thinkers of the world② have often rather romantically referred to their academic struggles as③ being like “war”.However,
for most of them,the “war” has been purely symbolic.Real war is never romantic as it brings suffering and immense challenges.
联大:一个充满热情、
信念和奉献的地方
纵观历史,世界上伟大的思想家们常常以一种相当浪漫的说法把他们的学术之争比喻为“战争”。然而,对他们中的大多数人来说,“战争”一词纯粹是象征性的。真正的战争从来不是浪漫的,因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。
①throughout history
纵观历史
② the great thinkers of the world
世界上伟大的思想家们
③refer to...as...
把……称为……
④bring disaster to
给……带来灾难
⑤be occupied by...被……占领
⑥be destroyed by...
被……破坏
⑦educational and intellectual heritage教育和知识遗产
In 1937,the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster to④ China’s three great universities: Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by⑤ Japanese troops,while Nankai University was completely destroyed by⑥ bombing.To save their educational and intellectual heritage⑦,the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University,otherwise known as Lianda.
1937年,日军的侵略给中国三所著名大学带来了灾难:北京大学和清华大学被日本军队占领,南开大学被彻底炸毁。为了保护教育和知识遗产,这三所大学在昆明联合成立了国立西南联合大学,简称联大。
Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of ⑧ more than 2,000 kilometres,most of them on foot⑨.Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky,often lit up⑩ by exploding Japanese bombs.Conditions were little better once they reached the remote and mountainous south-west part of China. They had to live in rough buildings ,packed 40 to a room,like sardines.There were dire shortages of food,
books,and equipment.Furthermore,classes were frequently disrupted due to fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm.
这三所大学的教授和学生们完成了一次长达2 000 多千米的漫长而艰辛的行程,他们中的大部分人都是徒步完成的。他们以尘土飞扬的道路为床,以开阔的、经常被日军的炸弹照亮的天空为屋顶。到了中国西南部的偏远山区后,情况也没有好多少。他们不得不住在简陋的房子里,
40个人像沙丁鱼一样挤在一间屋子里,食物、书籍和设备严重短缺。此外,由于猛烈的空袭,课堂经常中断,因此上课时间往往在上午10点前和下午4点后。
⑧a distance of...
……的距离
⑨on foot徒步
⑩light up 照亮
live in rough buildings
住在简陋的建筑里
dire shortages of ...
严重短缺……
fierce air attacks
猛烈的空袭
However,despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges ,it was right in this place,over a period of eight long years,that the nation’s intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
然而,尽管面临着巨大的困难和艰巨的挑战,但正是在这个地方,经过八年漫长的岁月,国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护,还得到了强化,这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
“联大为我所取得的每项成就奠定了基础。”杨振宁回忆道。他还记得在一间窗户没有玻璃的临时教室里学习。“在刮风的日子里,我们不得不把纸按在桌子上,否则纸就会被风吹走。”他说。
国家正处于战争状态,联大的学生们不会逃避他们的责任。在献身精神的驱使下,许多学生参军抵抗日本侵略者,捍卫国家的荣誉。事实上,联大输送的学生士兵的数量是中国所有校园中最多的。在来自全国各地担任翻译的数千名大学生中,有十分之一的人来自联大,其中包括著名的翻译家查良铮和许渊冲。查良铮后来在一首诗中描述了他的同龄人所做的贡献:
静静的,在那被遗忘的山坡上,
还下着密雨,还吹着细风,
没有人知道历史曾在此走过,
留下了英灵化入树干而滋生。
作为战争的产物,联大现在已经不复存在。但它已经成为中国现代大学的最高荣耀,这不仅是因为那些杰出的教授和才华横溢的学生,也因为联大坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神。2017年,北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂,共同纪念联大建校80周年。
尽管已经历经80多年,联大做出的无价贡献仍值得重申。它已成为中华民族集体记忆的一部分,联大精神更是描绘了现代中国所有大学的蓝图。
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与社会——联大的历史
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:文章通过介绍联大成立的时间、历史背景以及对中国发展做出的贡献,突出了联大师生救亡图存、为民族独立勇于献身的精神。阅读本文有利于新一代青年学习他们的精神品质,为民族复兴而努力奋斗。
多维解读·浅析结构
what real war is
founding
conditions
contribution
glory
精研细读·深层理解
(　　)1.What does the word “epic” in the third paragraph mean
A.Brave. B.Impressive.
C.Large. D.Long and difficult.
D
(　　)2.What can we infer about the students at Lianda
A.They were scared of war and hoped to find a safe place to go on their study.
B.They shirked their duty and didn’t want to get involved in the war.
C.They were full of passion,belief and commitment.
D.They felt proud of themselves and wanted to go abroad for further study.
C
(　　)3.What did Yang Zhenning think of the days when he was learning at Lianda
A.Tough but worthy.
B.Interesting and relaxing.
C.Hard and disappointing.
D.Enjoyable and priceless.
A
(　　)4.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A.Famous professors made Lianda successful.
B.People today still admire the spirit of Lianda.
C.The contribution of Lianda is ignored by people.
D.Every aspect of Lianda is worthy of being learnt from by all modern universities.
B
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.emerge v.出现;显现
·emergence n.出现;显现
·emergent adj.新兴的;处于发展初期的
·emergency n.突发事件;紧急情况
[教材原句] It is no wonder that many,if not most,of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda,including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists,Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主——物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
例 (读后续写之环境描写)The sun emerged from behind the clouds.
太阳从云层后面露了出来。
例 The emergence of online learning platforms has greatly changed how students study in recent years.
近年来,在线学习平台的出现极大地改变了学生的学习方式。
例 With the rapid development of technology,many emergent industries have appeared and changed people’s lives.
随着科技的快速发展,许多新兴产业已经出现并改变了人们的生活。
归纳拓展
·emerge from sth (从隐蔽处或暗处)出现;(从困境或苦难经历中)幸存下来,摆脱
emerge as 作为……脱颖而出/出现;崭露头角;成为
·a state of emergency 紧急状态
in an emergency 紧急情况下
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
In recent years,many cities have turned to 　　 　　 (emerge) green technologies to reduce environmental pollution effectively.
During the storm,the mayor declared a state of 　　　　 　　(emerge) and ordered all residents to stay indoors.
emergent
emergency
As the morning fog disappeared,the picturesque village
　　　　　(从雾霭中显露出来),revealing colourful roofs and cobblestone streets.
Despite the initial challenges,the start-up 　　　　　　　　　(成为) a successful business within a few years.
emerged from
the mist
emerged as
2.honour n.荣誉;名誉;荣幸;尊敬 vt.尊敬;给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)
·honoured adj.光荣的,荣幸的
·honourable adj.可敬的;值得钦佩的;品格高尚的;体面的
[教材原句] Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
在献身精神的驱使下,许多学生参军抵抗日本侵略者,捍卫国家的荣誉。
例 (话题写作之人物介绍)The old scientist devoted his whole life to medical research,which is an honourable career.
这位老科学家毕生投身医学研究,那是一份可敬的事业。
例 The monument was built in honour of the soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the country.
建这座纪念碑是为了纪念为国牺牲的战士们。
归纳 拓展
·in honour of 为向……表示敬意;为了纪念
have the honour of sth/of doing sth(=have the honour to do sth) 得到某殊荣/有幸做某事
It is an honour (for sb) to do...(=It is sb’s honour to do...)
(对某人来说)做……是一种荣幸
·honour sb with sth 以某事(物)向某人表示敬意;以某事(物)表扬/奖励
某人
·be honoured for...因……而受到尊敬/表扬
be/feel honoured that 因……而感到荣幸
be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The 　　 　　(honour) receiver of the award dedicated her life to helping the less fortunate.
这颗新发现的恒星以一位中国天文学家的名字命名,以表彰他对天文学的贡献。
The newly-discovered star was named after a Chinese astronomer
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to astronomy.
honourable
in honour of his contribution
(应用文写作之演讲稿)能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲,我感到非常荣幸。(feel honoured to do/it is an honour to do)
　　　　　　　 　　　　　 to have the precious opportunity to deliver a speech here.
I feel greatly honoured/It is a great honour for me
3.representative n.代表;代表性人物 adj.典型的;有代表性的
·represent v.代表;象征;展示;描绘;体现
[教材原句] In 2017,representatives from Peking University,Tsinghua University,Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding.
2017年,北京大学、清华大学、南开大学和云南师范大学的代表们齐聚一堂,共同纪念联大建校80周年。
例 During the class meeting, I was chosen as the representative for this event, responsible for communicating with other classes.
在班会上,我被选为这次活动的代表,负责与其他班级沟通。
例 This small village with traditional stone houses is a representative example of rural life in the south of China.
这个有着传统石屋的小村庄,是中国南方乡村生活的一个典型例子。
例 (话题写作之学校生活)At the school art festival, this painting represents the creativity and talent of our class.
在学校艺术节上,这幅画代表了我们班的创意和才华。
归纳拓展
·represent sb/sth as...
把某人/某事(物)描绘为……;把某人描述为……
represent sth to sb 向某人正式提出(意见、抗议等)
·be representative of 是……的代表
·其他表示“代表”的短语: stand for、on behalf of sb (=on one’s behalf)等。
温馨提示
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
They represented their concerns 　　　　 the authorities.
The biography tries to represent him 　　　　 both a great artist and a humble ordinary person.
(话题写作之人物介绍)她是她那一代人的代表,具有前瞻性的态度和变革的激情。
　 her generation,with forward-thinking attitude and passion for change.
to
as
She is representative of
4.relevant adj.有关的,切题的
·irrelevant adj.无关的
·relevance n.紧密相关;切题
·relevantly adv.贴切地
[教材原句] Prepare a short presentation on one of the topics from Activity 2 or think of another relevant topic.
准备一个关于活动2中某个话题的简短演示文稿或者想一个其他相关的
话题。
例 When preparing a speech,ensure all content is closely relevant to the theme, avoiding the introduction to irrelevant information.
在准备演讲稿时,确保所有内容都与主题紧密相关,避免无关信息的引入。
例 The new rules of the debate competition have direct relevance to how we prepare our arguments.
辩论赛的新规则与我们准备论点的方式有直接关联。
归纳拓展
·be relevant to 与……相关
·have (no) relevance to 与……有(无)关
·其他表示“与……有关”的短语:be related to、be linked to、be involved in、be associated with、be connected with、have something to do with等。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The teacher explained the (relevant) of learning history to understanding current social issues.
The content he shares on social media is often 　　 　　(relevant) to studying,making people feel like it’s a waste of time.
The coach’s guidance 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　(与我的健身计划紧密相关).
relevance
irrelevant
is closely relevant to my fitness plan
重点句式
过去分词短语作状语
[教材原句] Driven by a sense of commitment,a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
在献身精神的驱使下,许多学生参军抵抗日本侵略者,捍卫国家的荣誉。
例Given a few more minutes,I’ll finish it.
再给我几分钟的时间,我就能完成了。
例 Encouraged by her teacher,Lucy worked even harder to improve her maths scores this term.
受到老师的鼓励,露西这学期更加努力地学习以提高数学成绩。
例 (读后续写之环境描写)Seen from the top of the mountain,the whole city looks like a beautiful picture in the morning.
清晨从山顶望去,整座城市就像一幅美丽的图画。
归纳拓展
·动词-ed形式短语作状语表示被动或完成的动作,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。
·动词-ed形式短语作状语,与句子的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
·动词-ing形式短语作状语,与句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。
·动词不定式位于句首作状语,表示目的。
[语境运用] 完成句子
他全神贯注地读着书,没有注意到我进了房间。
　 ,he didn’t notice me enter the room.
被老师提醒后,汤姆意识到他本应该为了这次考试更努力学习。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,Tom realised he should have studied harder for the exam.
一天晚上,哈里给我打电话,让我尽快去他的公寓。
One evening Harry phoned me,　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 as soon as possible.
Absorbed in his book
Reminded by the teacher
asking me to come to his flat
为了提高英语水平,他每天坚持记单词。
　　　　　　　　　　　　,he insists on memorising words every day.
To improve his English
写作微专题3
Writing about a war hero
1.文体类型:介绍战斗英雄,属于写人的记叙文。
2.要点内容:(1)战斗英雄的姓名、出生时间、出生地点及其他背景信息;(2)战斗英雄的参战经历及主要事迹;(3)对战斗英雄进行评价并发表个人看法。
文本解读
[思路指引]
1.首段常用句式。
Mr Yang,a common soldier,is famous for his perseverance.
General Li,known for bravely fighting,is a great hero.
We all like...
实用表达
2.中段常用句式。
He was born in...
When he was...years old,he...
He did...to...
He died in...
3.尾段常用句式。
Though he passed away,he still...
He is highly praised by people for his...
People do...in memory of him.
假设你是李华,最近你观看了电影《邱少云》,对邱少云为了整个战斗胜利而在烈火中壮烈牺牲的事迹深有感触。请你用英语写一篇短文来介绍战斗英雄邱少云。
佳作建构
基本 信息 1926年出生于铜梁
主要 事迹 1949年,加入中国人民解放军,成为一名人民解放军战士;
在1952年的一次战斗中,为了不暴露潜伏部队,他强忍烈火灼烧的剧痛,壮烈牺牲
人物 评价 被授予“中国人民志愿军一级战斗英雄”光荣称号;被评为100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物之一;他的英勇事迹和革命精神将永载史册,永远激励着后人前行
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 v.激励
2.　　　　　　　　 出生于
3.　　　　　　　　 与……作斗争
4.　　　　　　　　 把……称作……
inspire
be born in
fight against
refer to...as...
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.邱少云1926年出生于铜梁。
Qiu Shaoyun 　　　　　　　　 Tongliang in 1926.
2.他是最著名的战斗英雄之一。
He was one of 　　　　　　 　　 combat heroes.
3.1949年,他加入中国人民解放军,成为一名勇敢的战士。
In 1949,he 　　　　 the Chinese People’s Liberation Army and became a brave soldier.
was born in
the best-known
joined
4.在1952年的一场战斗中,为了防止隐藏的部队暴露,他凭借着非凡的勇气忍受了烈火灼烧的剧烈痛苦,最终英勇牺牲了。
During a battle in 1952,　　　　　　 　 of the hidden troops,he endured the intense pain of burning flames with 　　　　　 　　　 and ultimately sacrificed his life heroically.
5.他被授予“中国人民志愿军一级战斗英雄”的荣誉称号。
He 　　　　　　 the honorary title of “First-Class Combat Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”.
to prevent the exposure
remarkable courage
was awarded
6.他被评为100位新中国成立以来感动中国人物之一。
He 　　　　　　　　 one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China.
7.他的英勇事迹和革命精神将永远载入史册,激励子孙后代勇往直前。
His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history and 　　　　 future generations to move forward.
was referred to as
inspire
亮点提升
1.将句1和句2用过去分词短语作定语进行改写升级。
Qiu Shaoyun,born in Tongliang in 1926,was one of the best-known combat heroes.
2.将句5和句6用过去分词短语作状语进行改写升级。
Awarded the honorary title of “First-Class Combat Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”,he was referred to as one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China.
3.将句7用现在分词短语作状语进行改写升级。
His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history,inspiring future generations to move forward.
范文展示
Qiu Shaoyun,born in Tongliang in 1926,was one of the best-known combat heroes.
In 1949,he joined the Chinese People’s Liberation Army and became a brave soldier.During a battle in 1952,to prevent the exposure of the hidden troops,he endured the intense pain of burning flames with remarkable courage and ultimately sacrificed his life heroically.
Awarded the honorary title of “First-Class Combat Hero of the Chinese People’s Volunteer Army”,he was referred to as one of the 100 People Who Have Moved China Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China.His heroic deeds and revolutionary spirit will be forever recorded in history,inspiring future generations to move forward.
写作练习
假设你是李华,最近你观看了电影《赵一曼》后深有感触,应校英语报邀请,请你用英语写一篇文章来介绍抗日英雄赵一曼。
基本 信息 1905 年出生于四川宜宾,1926年加入中国共产党
主要 事迹 “九一八”事变后前往东北,参加抗日活动;1935年,在与日伪军作战时受伤被俘,遭到严刑拷打仍保守党的秘密;1936年,英勇就义
人物 评价 她的牺牲是抗日力量的一大损失,但同时鼓舞了中华民族与侵略者进行激烈战斗的士气
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词语:“九一八”事变 September 18th Incident;
抗日力量the anti-Japanese aggression forces。
写作指导
One possible version:
Zhao Yiman,who was born in Yibin,Sichuan Province in 1905,joined the Communist Party of China in 1926.
After the September 18th Incident,she went to the northeast of China and joined in the anti-Japanese aggression activities,fighting against the Japanese invaders.In 1935,Zhao Yiman was wounded during the battle against the Japanese puppet troops and was captured unfortunately.
Japanese soldiers tortured her cruelly and forced her to reveal useful information,but in vain.In 1936,the Japanese troops killed her in public.
Zhao’s sacrifice was a huge loss to the anti-Japanese aggression forces,
but boosted the morale of the Chinese nation to fight fiercely against the invaders.
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后续写 微技能之“点” 情感描写 相关词语 full of confidence 充满信心　heart-broken adj.心碎的,伤心的　sorrow n.悲痛　anger n.生气,愤怒　be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事　with a big smile on sb’s face 某人脸上带着灿烂的微笑
动作描写 相关词语 drown v.(使)淹死　recall v.回想,回忆起　fortify v.激励,加强　depict v.描述,描写
人物描写 相关词语 violence n.暴力　outstanding adj.杰出的,优秀的　intellectual adj.智力的,脑力的　rough adj.简单的;粗糙的　commitment n.投入　glory n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事　prominent adj.著名的,杰出的　dedication n.奉献　shirk one’s duty 逃避某人的责任
环境描写 相关词语 coastline n.海岸线　misty adj.多雾的　breeze n.微风　horror n.惊恐;令人惊恐的事
读后 续写 微技能之“线” Their heart-broken mother receives the news about all her dead sons on the same day.(情感描写)
A misty rain falls in a gentle breeze.(环境描写)
With the country at war,students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.(人物描写)
It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation,with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.(主旨升华句)
读后 续写 微技 能之 “面”
读后续写——战胜自我
　　莉莉脸上带着灿烂的笑容站在学校门口,决心开启美好的一天。然而,这个愉快的念头刚闪过,她便回想起了上个月数学考试失利带来的心碎。随后,老师鼓舞人心的话语给了她力量,她意识到是时候做出改变了。每天晚上,她都额外花时间做练习题,渐渐把粗略的笔记整理成清晰的知识点。如今,握着这份成绩大幅进步的试卷,她深深感激这份支持。“我能做得更好!” 她轻声说道,心中充满信心,晨风轻轻地吹拂着她的发丝。
读后 续写 微技 能之 “面”
Standing at the school gate 1.　 ,Lily
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 a nice day.However,no sooner had the pleasant thought crossed her mind than she 3.　　　　　 　　　　 　　 over failing the maths exam last month.Later,her teacher’s encouraging words fortified her,and she realised 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.Every evening,she spent extra hours working on exercises,gradually turning her rough notes into clear knowledge points.Now,holding the significantly improved test paper,she feels deeply grateful for the support.“I can do better!” she whispers,5.
in her heart,as the morning breeze gently ruffles her hair.
with a big smile on her face
was determined to start
recalled her heartbreak
it was time to make a change
full of confidence
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.violent adj.狂暴的,凶暴的→ adv.猛烈地;强烈地→ n.暴力
2.landing n.(军队的)登陆→ v.着陆,登陆 n.陆地;土地
3.horror n.惊恐→ adj.令人震惊的;恐怖的→ adv.可怕地;非常地
4.objective n.目的,目标adj.客观的→ n.物体;东西;目的;对象 v.反对;不同意;不赞成→ n.反对;异议
5.liberate v.解放(城市、国家等)→ n.解放
6.memorial adj.纪念的,追悼的→ vt.纪念→ n.记忆;回忆
violently
violence
land
horrible
horribly
object
objection
liberation
memorialise
memory
7.stability n.稳固,稳定→ adj.稳固的,稳定的→ adj.不稳固的,不稳定的;易变的→ adv.稳固地,稳定地
8.professionalism n.专业水准;专业素质;职业精神→ adj.专业的;职业的→ n.职业,行业
9.academic adj.学术的→ adv.学术上;学业上
10.aggression n.侵略→ adj.好斗的;挑衅的;侵略的
11.intellectual adj.智力的,脑力的→ n.(尤指高等的)智力,思维逻辑领悟力;才智超群的人
stable
unstable
stably
professional
profession
academically
aggressive
intellect
12.associated adj.联合的→ v.联系;联想→ n.联合;协会;关联
13.rough adj.简单的;粗糙的→ adv.粗糙地;大约→ n.粗糙
14.invader n.侵略者,侵略军→ v.侵略;武装入侵→ n.武装入侵;侵略;侵犯
15.glory n.辉煌的成就;荣耀的事→ adj.光荣的;辉煌的;荣耀的→
adv.光荣地;辉煌地
16.dedication n.奉献→ v.致力于,献身于
associate
association
roughly
roughness
invade
invasion
glorious
gloriously
dedicate
17.collective adj.集体的;共同的→ v.收集;收藏→ n.(常指同类的)收集物,收藏品
18.relevant adj.有关的,切题的→ adj.无关的→ adv.贴切地→ n.紧密相关;切题
collect
collection
irrelevant
relevantly
relevance
Ⅱ.重点词块
1. 　　　　　　 由……组成
2. 使……免受……
3. 对……有信心
4. 忠于职守
5. 不亚于;简直是,完全是
6. 准备……;为……做准备
be made up of
free...from...
have confidence in...
devotion to duty
nothing less than
prepare for
7. 获得成功;达到预定目标
8. 被广泛视为……
9. 偶遇;碰面
10. 遵守某人的协议
11. 待命
12. 把……称作……
13. 作为……而出名
make it
be seen widely as
meet up with
keep to one’s agreement
on standby
refer to...as...
be known as
14. 照亮
15. 由于
16. 为……打下基础;奠定了……的基础
17. 逃避某人的责任
18. 责任感;献身精神
19. 充当,担任;起……的作用
20. 许多;大量
21. 突破
22. 继续战斗
light up
due to
lay the foundation for
shirk one’s duty
a sense of commitment
serve as
a large sum/number of
break through
fight on
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.过去分词短语作定语
Allied troops
(主要由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的) were gathering in large numbers.
句式仿写
The homework (昨晚完成的) was praised by our teacher.
made up mainly of British,Canadian and American soldiers
finished last night
2.独立主格结构
Code-named “Operation Overlord”,it was the largest combined sea,air and land operation in history,
(目的是解放被德国占领的欧洲西北部地区).
句式仿写
(他的作业已经完成了),Tom went to bed.
the aim being to free north-west Europe from
German occupation
His homework having been finished
3.形容词短语作状语
The enemy were hiding,
(甚至准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻).
句式仿写
The lost boy spent three days in the forest, (又冷又饿).
ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they
reached land
cold and hungry
4.as引导原因状语从句
Real war is never romantic (因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战).
句式仿写
True love is never effortless,
(因为它需要耐心和不断的努力).
as it brings suffering and immense challenges
as it demands patience and continuous efforts
5.which引导非限制性定语从句
“On windy days,we had to hold down the paper on the desk,
(否则就会被风吹走),” he said.
句式仿写
Because of the rain,some of the roads were flooded,
(使得我们的旅程更加艰难).
which would
otherwise be blown away
which made our journey
more difficult
6.过去分词短语作状语
(在献身精神的驱使下),a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation.
句式仿写
(被这个故事感动哭了),she stood there still and quiet.
Driven by a sense of commitment
Moved to tears by the story

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