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Where does energy come from

Unit 9
Oxford Discover 3
.
Vocabulary
01
Grammar
03
Listening
04
Reading
02
Speaking
05
Writing
06
Content
A.Watch and answer
What did you see in the video
The first sentence you saw in the video.
Energy comes from different sources.
Some energy comes from fossil fuels.
There are differnt sources of renewable energy.
1.What things in the picture are sources of energy
The wind turbines in the picture are a source of energy — they capture wind energy and convert it into usable power.
Look at the picture and talk about it.
2.What things use energy
The cars and trucks on the highway are the things that use energy (they rely on energy like fuel to run).
Look at the picture and talk about it.
Think and answer the questions.
1.What items in your classroom use energy
Electric lights
Computers and laptops
Projectors or smart boards
Air conditioner or heater
Chargers for tablets or phones
Printers or scanners
Electric fans
All of these devices rely on electricity, which usually comes from the school’s power supply.
Think and answer the questions.
2.What do cars and trucks use for energy
Most cars and trucks run on gasoline (petrol) or diesel fuel.
Some vehicles use electricity stored in batteries (electric vehicles, or EVs).
Others use hybrid systems, combining gasoline and electric power.
There are also vehicles powered by alternative fuels, such as natural gas, hydrogen, or biofuels.
The type of energy used depends on the vehicle’s design and technology.
Big
Question
Chart
Where does energy come from
Where does energy come from
Where does energy come from
Fossil fuels are gas, oil, and coal.
Fossil fuels are burned to produce electricity in power plants.
Green energy is renewable.
Energy comes from water, wind, sun, and fossil fuels.
People can do things to save energy.
Words
01
windmill
/ w ndm l/
A tall structure with large blades that are turned by the wind, traditionally used to grind grain or pump water.
n. 风车
The old windmill on the hill is a famous landmark.
sailboat
/ se lb t/
A boat that is moved forward by the wind blowing against its sails.
n. 帆船
They spent the afternoon sailing their sailboat on the lake.
wind turbine
/ w nd t ba n/ (英式) / w nd t rba n/ (美式)
A modern device with large blades that convert wind energy into electricity.
n. 风力涡轮机
A single large wind turbine can provide power for hundreds of homes.
wind farm
/ w nd fɑ m/
A large area of land with many wind turbines that generate electricity together.
n. 风力发电场
The new wind farm off the coast will provide clean energy for the entire region.
coal
/k l/
A hard, black rock that is burned as a fossil fuel to produce heat or electricity.
n. 煤
Many power plants used to run on coal, but it causes significant pollution.
oil
/ l/
A thick, dark liquid fossil fuel found underground and used to make gasoline, plastics, etc.
A viscous liquid used for cooking, lubrication, or other purposes.
n. 1. 石油 2. 油
The country's economy depends heavily on oil exports.
Add a tablespoon of cooking oil to the pan.
natural gas
/ n t r l ɡ s/
A flammable gas, primarily methane, found underground and used as a fuel for heating, cooking, and generating electricity.
n. 天然气
Many homes use natural gas for heating and cooking because it burns more cleanly than coal.
pollution
/p lu n/
Harmful substances or waste materials that are introduced into the environment, causing damage.
n. 污染
Air pollution from cars and factories is a major problem in big cities.
power plant
/ pa plɑ nt/
(also power station) An industrial facility where electricity is generated on a large scale.
n. 发电厂
The new power plant uses natural gas, which produces fewer emissions than coal.
electricity
/ lek tr s ti/
A form of energy resulting from the flow of charged particles, used to provide power for light, heat, machines, etc.
n. 电
The storm knocked out the electricity for several hours.
natural gas, electricity
windmill, sailboat, wind turbine, power plant, wind farm
coal, oil, natural
pollution
wind turbine——The massive wind turbine spun steadily on the hill, turning the clean breeze into electricity for hundreds of homes without creating any pollution.
Reading
02
What do you use electricity for in your home or school
We use electricity for almost everything. At home, we use it for lighting, refrigeration, cooking on an electric stove, heating or cooling the air, watching TV, charging phones and computers, and running appliances like a washing machine. At school, electricity powers the lights, computers, projectors, science lab equipment, and the internet.
What do you use electricity for in your home or school
Many power plants, especially those that burn coal, oil, or natural gas, make pollution. When these fossil fuels are burned to create heat (to make steam and turn turbines), they release harmful gases and particles into the air. This pollution includes carbon dioxide (a major greenhouse gas), sulfur dioxide (which causes acid rain), and nitrogen oxides. They can also produce ash and other waste that harms the environment.
What do you use electricity for in your home or school
We say wind farms make clean energy because they generate electricity without burning any fuel. A wind turbine uses the wind to spin its blades, which turns a generator. This process doesn't release any smoke, greenhouse gases, or air pollution into the atmosphere while operating. Therefore, it's a clean source of power that helps fight climate change and reduces our reliance on fossil fuels.
What Is Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing means rewriting information in your own words
It keeps the original meaning but uses different words and sentence structures
Example:
Original: “Cats are independent animals.”
Paraphrased: “Cats like to do things on their own.”
Why Do We Paraphrase
Helps you understand what you read
Makes new information easier to remember
Prepares you for writing summaries and answering questions
Avoids copying directly from the text
How to Paraphrase: Simple Steps
Read carefully – Understand the original sentence
Identify key words – Find the main idea
Change the words – Use synonyms or simpler words
Change the sentence structure – Rearrange the order
Check meaning – Make sure the main idea is still clear
A “biayde” is a green way to travel when a car isn’t available or necessary. It doesn’t run on fuel like oil or gas, so it releases no harmful emissions. Riding a biayde also provides good physical exercise. In addition, it operates much more quietly than a car.
We may find other sources of green energy in the future.
We use fossil fuels to drive our cars and trucks.
Fossil fuels are also nonrenewable.
Next, it is renewable. It won’t run out.
A source is where something comes from or where you can get it. In this text, it refers to the origins or providers of green energy.
source
Fossil fuels are natural fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas. They were formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals over millions of years. When burned, they produce energy but also cause pollution.
fossil fuels
Nonrenewable describes something that cannot be easily replaced or will run out after use. Fossil fuels are nonrenewable because they take millions of years to form and we are using them much faster than they can be replenished.
nonrenewable
Renewable describes an energy source or resource that can be replaced naturally or is virtually inexhaustible. Unlike fossil fuels, renewable energy sources (like sunlight, wind, or water) will not run out as we use them.
renewable
What are some things that use wind to move
There are several things that harness wind for movement, including:
Sailboats: These use sails to catch the wind, propelling them across water.
Kites: They rely on wind to lift and fly in the air.
Wind turbines: Their blades rotate with the wind to generate electricity, though they stay fixed in place.
Gliders and sailplanes: These aircraft use wind currents for lift and motion.
Tumbleweeds: These dried plants roll across landscapes driven by wind.
Windmills: Traditional windmills use wind to turn blades for grinding grain or pumping water.
Paragliders and hang gliders: They utilize wind for aerial movement and soaring.
Where do you think the energy you use comes from
The energy I use primarily comes from a mix of sources, which can vary by region. Common sources include:
Fossil fuels: Such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which are burned to generate electricity and power vehicles.
Renewable energy: Including wind, solar, hydropower, and geothermal energy, which are increasingly used for electricity generation.
Nuclear power: From nuclear fission reactions in power plants to produce electricity.
Biomass energy: Derived from organic materials like plants and waste.
Ultimately, most energy traces back to natural resources, converted into forms like electricity or fuel for daily use in homes, transportation, and industries.
Green Energy for Today and Tomorrow
Did you know that most of the energy we use comes from the sun For example, the sun helps plants to grow. Plants that grew millions of years ago turned into coal, oil, and natural gas. We call these fossil fuels. We use fossil fuels to drive our cars and trucks. They are also burned in power plants to make electricity for our homes and schools.
However, fossil fuels make pollution This is bad for the Earth. Fossil fuels are also nonrenewable. Some day they will be gone. So, scientists want people to use green energy.
Why is green energy important First, it is clean. It doesn't hurt the Earth. Next. it is renewable. It won't run out. Green energy gives us almost 25% of the electricity we use today.
What are the main sources of green energy
Hydropower
Hydropower uses moving water in rivers and dams. Moving water has energy. This water pushes the blades of a turbine. The blades spin and make electricity. Hydropower makes 16.6% of the electricity we use.
Wind Power
Is wind power new No, it isn People used wind power mar years ago. Sailboats moved with the wind. Windmills made flour from grain. Todau wind turbines make electricit Wind farms have many wind turbines in one area. Wind power makes 4% of
the electricity we use.
Biomass
Biomass is energy that we get from plants around us. For example, dead wood or grass is burned in power plants. This makes electricity. Scientists can also turn corn into fuel for our cars. Biomass is green energy because we plant new trees or crops after we use it. Biomass makes 2% of the electricity we use.
Solar Power
Solar power comes from sunlight. The sun shines on solar panels, and electricity is made. Solar power is now as cheap as some fossil fuels. It makes 1.5% of the electricity we use. However, we are building more solar panels each day. If you look carefully, you might see solar panels in your area!
New Green Energy
Oceans rise and fall each day. Wind also makes big waves on the ocean. This moving water can make electricity. There is also heat under the earth's surface. Scientists can use this heat for energy. We may find other sources of green energy in the future.
Some day, green energy could make 100% of the electricity we use. It is clean, and it won't run out. That's good news for our Earth!
Wind power is not new – it has been used for many years, historically for sailboats and windmills to grind grain.
Today, it generates electricity through wind turbines, often grouped together in wind farms.
It contributes significantly to our electricity supply, providing about 4% of the electricity we use globally.
It is a clean and renewable source – it doesn’t pollute the Earth and will not run out, making it a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.
Overall, wind power is a reliable and growing part of the world’s green energy mix, helping to reduce pollution and our dependence on nonrenewable fuels.nd soaring.
It won't run out.
It can make electricity.
It can make a lot of pollution.
It can make electricity.
It can be made from plants growing now.
It makes almost 25% of our electricity.
Hydropower generates electricity by harnessing the energy of flowing water, such as in rivers or dam reservoirs. The force of the water turns the blades of a turbine, causing them to rotate and produce electrical power. Currently, hydropower supplies about 16.6% of the world's electricity.
Grammar
03
Core Concept
We use may and might + base verb to express possibility or uncertainty about the present or future. They indicate that something is not certain but could happen.
Example: We may find other sources of green energy in the future.
Form
Type Structure Example
Affirmative Subject + may/might + base verb It might rain later.
Negative Subject + may not/might not + base verb She may not come to the party.
Questions May/Might + subject + base verb Might they arrive early
Key Uses
Future possibility:
Renewable energy might reduce our need for fossil fuels.
Present possibility:
He may be at home now.
Polite suggestions or requests (more formal with may):
May I borrow your book
Hypothetical situations (often with might):
If you studied more, you might pass the test.
Communicate
04
3
5
2
1
4
Coal
fuel
electricity
power plant
turbines
Thank you!
Unit 9
Oxford Discover 3

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