资源简介

(共38张PPT)
The world of literature
Unit 8
Grammar
新版牛津译林九上
use if and unless to introduce clauses correctly.
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to
have a better understanding of conditional clauses using if and unless.
Enjoy the video: Let’s sing
Read a simplified short story The Gift of the Magi by O. Henry and answer the questions.
1. Why does Della cut her long hair
2. Why does Jim sell his watch
3. What do they learn from this experience
Della and Jim are a poor but loving couple. Christmas is coming, and Della wants to buy Jim a nice gift. She thinks, “If I sell my long hair, I will get enough money to buy a chain for Jim’s watch.” So she cuts her hair and buys the chain. When Jim comes home, he sees her short hair. He pulls out a gift: beautiful combs for her hair. He says, “If I want to give you a Christmas surprise, I have to sell my watch.” They smile through tears, then hold each other tightly. They learn that if you love someone deeply, you will give up your most precious(宝贵的) things for him or her.
1
2
3
Della and Jim are a poor but loving couple. Christmas is coming, and Della wants to buy Jim a nice gift. She thinks, “If I sell my long hair, I will get enough money to buy a chain for Jim’s watch.” So she cuts her hair and buys the chain. When Jim comes home, he sees her short hair. He pulls out a gift: beautiful combs for her hair. He says, “If I want to give you a Christmas surprise, I have to sell my watch.” They smile through tears, then hold each other tightly. They learn that if you love someone deeply, you will give up your most precious(宝贵的) things for him or her.
Pay attention to the underlined sentences.
What kind of clause are they
这些句子都在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件， 叫作条件状语从句。If 意思是“如果；假如”，常用来引导条件状语从句。
if引导的条件状语从句的结构
1
if引导的条件状语从句的位置
2
Using
if
* 在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句中的动词常用____ ( 一般将来时， 一般现在时)，从句中的动词用______( 一般将来时， 一般现在时) 。
* 在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句也可含有 _______ ( 情态动词， 系动词， 祈使句)。
if引导的条件状语从句的结构
If you like music,
don’t miss the programme.
在if引导的条件状语从句中，无论主句用一般将来时、情态动词还是祈使句，从句均用一般现在时。
① If the temperature is below zero, water turns into ice.
如果温度低于零度，水就会变成冰。
② If you throw something into the air, it falls back to the ground.
如果你向空中抛东西，它就会回落到地面。
当表示条件和结果之间存在必然联系，即表示客观事实、结果时，从句中的动词用一般现在时，主句中的动词也用一般现在时。
① If you ask him, he will help you.
② They are going to have a picnic if they are free next Saturday.
* if 引导的条件状语从句可以放在主句 _________( 之前， 之后， 之前或之后)。
* 如果把 if 引导的从句放在主句之前，常用_____( 逗号， 句号) 将其与主句隔开。
如果你请他(帮忙)，他会帮你的。
如果下周六有空，他们就去野餐。
if引导的条件状语从句的位置
Practice
Millie is reading some tips for new writers. Help her fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Add should, can or will where necessary.
P112
A1
want
should read
will improve
write
don't put in
will be
can/should ask
don't know
don't want
should include
Talk with your partner about a story or a writer you are familiar with, using if-clauses.
A2
P112
Talk about a story
characters’ actions
imagine different results with if
lessons from the story
...
Talk about a writer
writing style
materials for his/her stories
your feelings about him/her
...
Tips
Read the text below and answer the questions.
1. What should you do if you want to fully enjoy good literature
2. What should you do to understand a poem’s true meaning
Sometimes it can be hard to fully enjoy good literature unless you read it carefully. Poems, for example, are often difficult to understand. Unless you read a poem again and again, you may not understand the true meaning of it.
1
2
Pay attention to the underlined sentences.
Sometimes it can be hard to fully enjoy good literature unless you read it carefully. Poems, for example, are often difficult to understand. Unless you read a poem again and again, you may not understand the true meaning of it.
我们还可以用unless来引导条件状语从句。unless的意思是“除非，如果不”，用于引出某事发生或成立的必需条件。
unless引导的条件状语从句的结构
1
unless引导的条件状语从句的位置
2
Using
unless
* 在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主句的动词常
用____ ( 一般将来时， 一般现在时) ，从句中的动词用______( 一般将来时， 一般现在时)。
① Unless he studies hard, he will never pass the
exam.
除非他刻苦学习，否则考试永远不能及格。
除非明天下雨，否则我们将在公园里踢足球。
unless引导的条件状语从句的结构
② Unless it rains tomorrow, we are going to play
football in the park.
* 在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主句也可以含有 _______ ( 情态动词， 系动词， 祈使句)。
① He cannot see clearly unless he wears glasses.
他不戴眼镜就看不清楚。
② Don't touch the machine unless the teacher allows you to.
没有老师的允许，不要乱动机器。
unless引导的条件状语从句的位置
Unless you get enough sleep, you will not remember
things well.
* unless引导的条件状语从句可以放在主句_______ ( 之前， 之后， 之前或之后)。
* 如果把 unless 引导的从句放在主句之前，常用_____( 逗号， 句号) 将其与主句隔开。
= You will not remember things well unless you
get enough sleep.
unless和 ________________________ 的意思相近，两个结构通常可以互换。
① You will be late unless you leave at once.
② Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exam.
= If you do not leave at once, you will be late.
= If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exam.
if ... not (如果……不……)
当某种条件所引起的结果是一种情绪或想法时，不能使用_______，只能用________。
1. I will be angry if I am not invited to the party.
2. I will be angry unless I am invited to the party.
观察下列句子并判断正误。
unless
if ... not
Practice
Millie is writing about reading and writing poetry. Help her rewrite the sentences using unless.
B1
P113
1 If you don't try reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy the art form.
2 If you never read poetry, you may miss out on the beauty and power of language.
Unless you try reading poetry, you may not realize how much you enjoy the art form.
Unless you read poetry, you may miss out on the beauty and power of language.
3 If you don't take your time reading a poem, you may not understand it fully.
4 You will never know whether you like the poet if you don't read his work.
5 You won't know whether you can write a poem if you don't try.
6 If you don't put in time and energy, it will be difficult to write beautiful poetry.
Unless you take your time reading a poem, you may not understand it fully.
You will never know whether you like the poet unless you read his work.
You won’t know whether you can write a poem unless you try.
Unless you put in time and energy, it will be difficult to write beautiful poetry.
Millie is sharing her notes about a writing class. The first part of each sentence is given. Choose the correct second part in the box below.
B2
1 Unless we run out of time, ______
2 The class will start at 10 a.m. ______
3 The teacher will help you come up with a story idea ______
4 Unless you finish writing your story, ______
5 Unless you are interested in writing, ______
6 You will be given a pencil and some writing paper ______
c
a
f
b
d
e
P114
Amy is inviting Millie to the Sunshine Book plete their conversation using if or unless in each blank.
B3
P114
If
unless
if
Unless
unless
if
if
You are invited to introduce a book or a writer to your class. Please write a short text, using if- and unless-clauses.
B4
P114
Today I want to talk about The Gift of the Magi. It is a wonderful short story. If you know the story, you will learn the meaning of true love. You can’t feel the moving power of the story unless you read it by yourself. The two lovers give away their most precious things for each other. If you read it carefully, you will know love is the best gift in the world.
Introduce a book
characters’ choices
suppose different plots
lessons we get
...
Introduce a writer
features of works
writing sources
reasons for recommendation
...
Tips
I. 用if或unless填空。
1. (2025 广东省)
_________ more countries start to take action like China, the earth will become a greener planet.
2. (2025 贵州省)
We will lose more of the natural world _____ we don't try to change things.
3. (2025 扬州市)
It does not hurt to watch trend reports but never choose to follow them ___________ you really think they fit with your personal style.
中考链接
If
if
unless
1. (2024 海南)
- Betty, you will miss the school bus ____ you don't
get up early tomorrow morning.
- I won't, Dad.
A. so that B. if C. though
2. (2024 江苏徐州)
If you are lazy in spring, you ____ nothing in autumn.
A. harvested B. will harvest
C. are harvesting D. have harvested
II. 单项填空。
3. (2024 江苏常州)
Practice is very important. You will forget the new
words _____ you often use them.
A. when B. unless C. if D. until
4. (2024 四川自贡)
We can't go swimming _____ our parents are with
us.
A. if B. when C. unless
主句
结构
if 引导的条件状语从句
unless引导的条件状语从句
如果，
假如
if / unless
含义
从句
除非；
如果不
从句用一般现在时
1 主句常用一般将来时(但当表示客观事实、结果时，主句用一般现在时)；
2 主句可含有情态动词或祈使句
从句位置
可位于主句之前，也可位于之后 (如从句在前，与主句之间用逗号隔开)。
1 主句常用一般将来时；
2 主句可含有情态动词或祈使句
I. 单项选择。
( ) 1. If Maria ________ good marks in the final exam, her mother will buy her a new schoolbag.
A. is getting B. gets C. got
( ) 2. — I hear we will have a P.E. exam next month.
— That’s true. _________ you want to pass it, take more exercise.
A. Unless B. Until C. If
( ) 3. — Will you go to Mary’s birthday party if she ______ you
— Of course. But I am not sure if she ______ me. I haven’t received her invitation until now.
A. invites; invites B. will invite; invites
C. invites; will invite
B
C
C
( ) 4. He can’t see clearly _______ he wears a pair of glasses.
A. if B. unless C. but
( ) 5. I’m afraid we have to walk to the art centre ______ we can’t find a taxi.
A. unless B. though C. if
( ) 6. If you _________ more time with your grandparents, they must be glad.
A. spend B. were spending C. will spend
( ) 7. I believe that _______ Mary is free, she will go to the concert with me.
A. though B. if C. unless
B
C
A
B
( ) 8. In summer, food goes bad easily ______ it is put into the fridge.
A. if B. because C. unless
( ) 9. If Uncle Wang comes during the holiday, he ______ us to the science museum.
A. will take B. has taken C. takes
( )10. My sister ________ to sleep unless my mother _______ her a story every night.
A. won’t go; will tell
B. doesn’t go; will tell
C. won’t go; tells
C
A
C
Ⅱ. 根据句子意思，选用if或unless填空。
1. You will be late _________ you get up right now.
2. __________ you take a bus to the railway station, you may miss the train at three.
3. — Shall we have a football match this afternoon
— Yes, ________ there is bad weather.
4. You will miss a good chance __________ you don’t take part in the competition.
5. ___________ it rains tomorrow, we are going to hold a party in the garden.
6. Wild elephants will die out one day __________ people continue killing them.
unless
If
unless
if
Unless
if
III. 根据要求完成下列句子。每空一词。
1. You will feel worse unless you have enough sleep. (改为同义句)
You will feel worse ________ you _______ _________ enough sleep.
2. Mary isn’t careful. She may fail the exam. (改为含条件状语从句的复合句)
　______ Mary _______ careful, she ______ _____ the exam.
3. If you practise the guitar for two hours every day, you will learn it soon. (改为同义句)
　_________ the guitar for two hours every day, ________　　　　 you will learn it soon.
if don’t have
If isn’t may fail
Practise and
Do you have a better understanding of conditional clauses using if and unless
Can you use if and unless to introduce clauses correctly
1. Write a short paragraph about your favourite type of literature using if- and unless-clauses.
2. Preview Integration on pages 115-118.

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