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UNIT 5　课时作业(四)
(单元知识综合练)
(限时:40分钟　分值:49.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共7题;每题1分,共7分)
1.digest
A.v.消化　B.vt.领会;领悟　C.n.摘要;文摘
①His explanation was so detailed that I could easily digest what he just explained.　　　
②I need a walk to help me digest such a big meal.　　　
③I really enjoyed what the author wrote in his digest about modern educational methods.　　　
2.写出下列句子中加粗单词的含义
①The professor promised to expand on what he had mentioned in the previous lecture.　　　　　　　
②She stood rooted to the spot when she heard what had just happened outside.　　　　　　　
③He was overcome with emotion when he realised what his teammates had done for him.　　　　　　　
④The teacher’s steady encouragement boosted my confidence,turning me from a silent listener into an active participant in class.　　　　　　　
答案:1.①B　②A　③C
2.①详述　②一动不动的　③受到……的极大影响　④使增长
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Have you ever stopped to consider how empty the world would look without trees Below are five of the top benefits that trees provide.
1.　　　 When adults who are feeling down spend time in the forest,they feel better.Forest therapy can range from simply walking among the trees for a couple of hours to meditating in a forest.The adults note they become more confident and their mood improves after forest therapy.
Trees help you heal faster.Natural environments,including forests,help you reach a more positive state of mind.2.　　　 In fact,sick people with exposure to nature heal faster than those who don’t,even if it’s just a view through a window!
Trees reduce air pollution and improve respiratory (呼吸的) health.Trees take in many harmful pollutants from our environment.3.　　　 In other words,these forests can reduce many cases of respiratory illness and save countless lives.
Trees provide oxygen.Trees are like the lungs of our Earth.They supply us with oxygen while taking away our carbon dioxide and ask for nothing in return.A single tree can provide enough oxygen for four people.4.　　
Trees cool cities.Trees cool things down by offering shade and through evapotranspiration (蒸散作用).5.　　　 Trees even save your money on your electric bill.When a tree offers direct shade for your home,you’ll use less air conditioning.
A.Trees cheer you up!
B.Trees help reduce the effects of climate change.
C.This,in turn,affects your overall state of wellness.
D.In fact,large forests can influence regional weather patterns.
E.So plant more trees around your home if you want to feel cooler.
F.And of course,trees also provide plenty of oxygen for birds and other wildlife.
G.It is estimated that forests can remove millions of tons of pollution per year.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了树木对人类及环境的好处。
答案及剖析:
1.A　设空处为段首句,引出下文。根据第二段内容可知,第二段主要讲述了森林能够改善人的情绪,使人变得自信、振奋;A项与本段意思相符,适合作为本段的主题句。故选A。
2.C　上一句指出自然环境(包括森林)可以帮助你获得更积极的心态。C项中的“This”指代上一句中的“a more positive state of mind”,说的是积极的心态又会影响人的整体健康,承接上文。故选C。
3.G　上一句是说树木从我们的环境中吸收许多有害的污染物。G项说明了森林每年可消除数百万吨的污染物,是对上一句的举例说明,同时也呼应了本段主题句中提到的“树木可以减少空气污染”。故选G。
4.F　根据本段主题句“Trees provide oxygen.”可知,本段主要讲述了树木可以提供氧气这一好处,再结合设空处上一句可知,F项应与上一句构成递进关系,进一步说明树木不仅可以为人类提供氧气,还可以为自然界的其他动物提供氧气。故选F。
5.E　根据空前内容可知,树木能够使城市变得凉爽,起到降温的作用,E项提出了想要感到凉爽就多种树的建议,与上一句因果关系成立。故选E。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a long history in China.Much of the wisdom 　1　 by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today.One of China’s early 　2　 scientists was Jia Sixie,who lived in the sixth century AD.He spent his time doing 　3　 into agriculture.He collected information,studied it,did experiments and learnt from the 　4　 of farmers.
Around 540 AD,he wrote a book called Essential Techniques for the Welfare of the People (《齐民要术》).The book is about both farming and 　5　.It includes advice on growing green vegetables and fruit trees,keeping animals and fish in lakes.There are also 　6　 for making wine.Jia Sixie’s book is a(n) 　7　 guide for farming.Firstly,if you sow seeds and 　8　 young plants in the fields at the correct time of the year,your work will be less and 　9　 will be better.Examine the soil on your farm 　10　.Before sowing or planting crops,you must clean rough ground and 　11　 weeds.Let sheep or cows walk on the land to destroy the weeds or eat them.The best harvest is reached when farmers 　12　 the crops in their fields.For example,do not plant rice 　13　 in the same field.But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year,you will 　14　 good crops.Other scientists said that wheat should be planted with space between the plants,but Jia did experiments and 　15　 that planting wheat close together is better.
(　　)1.A.discovered B.recovered
C.reported D.repeated
(　　)2.A.industrial B.agricultural
C.cultural D.martial
(　　)3.A.search B.research
C.experiment D.movement
(　　)4.A.adventures B.advantages
C.tradition D.experience
(　　)5.A.nursing B.gardening
C.produce D.trade
(　　)6.A.instructions B.constructions
C.measures D.treasures
(　　)7.A.economical B.practical
C.similar D.regular
(　　)8.A.drop B.increase
C.grow D.throw
(　　)9.A.dreams B.ending
C.hope D.results
(　　)10.A.successfully B.carefully
C.gradually D.frequently
(　　)11.A.remove B.pull
C.kill D.reduce
(　　)12.A.keep B.improve
C.manage D.change
(　　)13.A.one after another B.here and there
C.now and then D.year after year
(　　)14.A.win B.collect
C.harvest D.plant
(　　)15.A.showed B.meant
C.intended D.decided
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代农学家贾思勰的耕种方法对我国农业的重要指导作用。
答案及剖析:
1.A　根据前文Much of the wisdom可知,此处指早期的中国科学家发现(discovered)的许多学问对农民和园艺家仍然是有用的。故选A。
2.B　根据后文into agriculture可知,此处指贾思勰是我国古代的农学(agricultural)家。故选B。
3.B　根据后文“He collected information,studied it,did experiments ...”可知,贾思勰花时间来研究(research)农业。故选B。
4.D　根据本句“learnt from the 　4　 of farmers”可知,此处指贾思勰向农民学习农业经验(experience)。故选D。
5.B　根据后文“growing green vegetables and fruit trees,keeping animals and fish in lakes”可知,这本书是关于农业和园艺(gardening)的。故选B。
6.A　根据后文for making wine可知,这本书也有关于酿酒的说明(instructions)。故选A。
7.B　根据后文介绍书的内容可知,贾思勰的这本关于农业种植的书里有许多实用的知识,因此是一本实用的(practical)农业指南。故选B。
8.C　根据后文young plants可知,此处指种植(grow)幼苗。故选C。
9.D　此处与前文work相呼应,指结果(results)。故选D。
10.B　根据语境可知,本句说明要仔细地(carefully)检查土壤。故选B。
11.A　根据常识可知,在播种或种植作物之前,必须平整土地并清除(remove)杂草;后文说明让羊或牛在地上走也是为了除草。故选A。
12.D　根据后文“do not plant rice 　13　 in the same field”可知,要变换着(change)种植农作物。故选D。
13.D　前文说明要变换着种植农作物,那么意思就是不在同一块地里年复一年(year after year)地种同一种庄稼。故选D。
14.C　根据后文good crops可知,如果每年变换着种不同的庄稼,就会收获(harvest)好收成。故选C。
15.A　根据前文“but Jia did experiments”可知,后半句应是实验结果表明(showed)的内容。故选A。
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
假设你是李华,在下周的英语课上,老师要求同学们分享一次自己的种植经历。请你用英语写一篇短文。内容包括:
1.种植的植物;
2.种植的过程;
3.你的收获和感受。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词语:发芽sprout。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Last spring I decided to plant some tomatoes.
Firstly,I kept some tomato seeds in clean water.A few days later,when they sprouted,I transplanted the seedlings to a sunny spot in my garden.I gave the tomato plants adequate fertiliser and watered them regularly.In addition,I managed to protect them from insects.As time passed,the plants grew steadily and after about three months,I harvested my tomatoes with a great sense of achievement.
Now I have a deeper understanding of the proverb “No pains,no gains”.If I do what I can to achieve a goal,my efforts will pay off one day.UNIT 5　课时作业(二)
(Discover useful structures　限时:35分钟　分值:62.5分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.　　　　 he made such progress in a short time surprised all of his classmates.
2.　　　　 made her happy was that she won first prize in such a competitive match.
3.　　　　 will be responsible for the project has not been decided yet.
4.　　　　 I’m concerned about most is whether we can collect a huge amount of information in such a short time.
5.It is still under discussion 　　　　 the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel.
6.It is said 　　　　 drinking green tea regularly is beneficial to our health.
7.Whether it will do us harm or good 　　　　 (remain) to be seen.
8.　　　　 he found the way home after he got lost in the deep forest is not clear to us.
9.　　　　 she didn’t come yesterday is unknown.
10.　　　　 major you should choose should be up to yourself.
5.whether　6.that　7.remains　8.How　9.Why　10.Which
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (他是如何完成这个任务的) is still a mystery to all of us.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我们最终发现的事情) filled us with immense joy,smiles breaking out on every face.
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (已经得到证实) eating green vegetables contributes to building up strength.
4.When they will start and where they will go (还没定下来).
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (谁会教我们扩大词汇量) is still open to question.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Farmers often grow so-called cover plants between main crops.They are used for purposes such as animal feed or as field nutrients.In this way,they supply the soil with nutrients before the next planting.In addition,cover plants also protect against the soil being washed away,regulate soil temperature,promote humus (腐殖质) formation and increase biodiversity above and below ground.However,their potential for removing soil contaminants (污染物) has yet to be recognised.
As a matter of fact,using plants to deal with contaminants in the soil is nothing new.For example,contaminated soil on industrial sites is already being tackled in this way.But agriculture could also benefit from this method,says Marie,head of the Plant Biogeochemistry working group at the UFZ and senior author of the publication.
Then which plants are suitable for phytoremediation (植物修复) in agriculture And which pollutants could be managed with which plants The UFZ team investigated these questions and analysed the current research.Based on the results of the previous studies,the research team developed concepts for phytoremediation for the respective pollutant categories.For example,sunflowers could be used as a cover plant to prevent nitrate (硝酸盐) in the soil from being washed out and polluting the groundwater.The plants absorb the nitrate from the soil to grow.However,it was difficult to identify cover plants that are particularly suitable for phytoremediation targeting the contaminant category of plastic.
“A lot of research still needs to be done here—working together with farmers.Other than that,there is no other approach to effective and practicable strategies for phytoremediation,tailored to different locations,soils and pollutant problems,” says Marie Muehe.“From our perspective,using cover plants to manage soil pollutants could be an efficient future concept for healthier soils and more sustainable agriculture.”
A UFZ research team has been conducting a field study together with farmers as part of the SmartManure project since the summer of 2025.Their aim is to more closely investigate different cover plants and their remediation performance and to test the practicability of phytoremediation in agricultural practice.
(　　)1.What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
A.To point out the benefits of cover plants.
B.To bring about the topic to be discussed.
C.To introduce the background of the passage.
D.To expose a rare phenomenon in agriculture.
(　　)2.What is the basis of the researchers’ concept
A.Their practical experiments.
B.Their work in the field.
C.Findings of previous research.
D.The newly-raised questions.
(　　)3.What is the only solution to the phytoremediation problem
A.Doing more research along with farmers.
B.Testing the practicability of phytoremediation.
C.Gathering more ways from previous recordings.
D.Popularising advanced knowledge among farmers.
(　　)4.What is mainly talked about in the passage
A.Cover plants function well in the field.
B.Farmers are taught to use cover plants in the field.
C.Pollutants in the soil can be reduced in various ways.
D.Cover plants can be used to remove pollutants in the soil.
Ⅳ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
How to Grow Plants with Little Sun
Some people might think that growing plants without much sun is a difficult,if not impossible,task.However,that is not true.
What type of shade (背阴处) do you have
The first step is understanding the type of shade you have.This is based on the amount of time that the sun shines on the area.1.　　　 They are:
part shade (3-6 hours of the direct sun,usually in the morning)
full shade (less than 3 hours of the direct sun)
deep shade (sunlight rarely,if ever,gets through trees or past structures like buildings)
Buy the right plants.
When you know your shade conditions,find plants that suit them.2.　　　 You can also research that information online,in books or magazines.Experts at gardening stores are other sources of information.
And don’t forget your gardeners nearby.When walking around a community garden or your neighbourhood,take note of plants growing in shady areas.Talk to the gardeners.3.　　
Ways to increase light.
The gardening expert adds that painting nearby structures white mirrors sunlight.Glass and mirrored objects can also mirror light around the garden.If possible,carefully cut some tree branches (树枝).This lets more sunlight reach the ground.
What to plant
Search for the low-light plants suitable for your area.4.　　　 Vegetables like tomatoes need a lot of sun.But leafy greens actually grow better in part shade.
As for pests (害虫),some kinds like shade gardens.But most other pests are less of a problem in low-light conditions.5.　　　 That is,you will feel less hot while gardening!
A.There are three main types of shade.
B.Learn about their successes and failures.
C.Do not give up growing plants you can eat.
D.Deep shade is the most challenging for gardeners.
E.The information is available where plants are sold.
F.Note how many hours of direct sunlight reaches the ground.
G.There is another good thing about gardens with less sunlight.
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
Thanks to its high yield and brilliant quality,Chinese hybrid rice has been widely introduced to the whole world,1.　　　　 benefits more people.Chinese hybrid rice technology started many years ago.In 1979,hybrid rice seeds of China 2.　　　　　　　　 (provide) to other countries for the first time,and years later,Chinese hybrid rice has been planted in dozens of countries in the world.
In the past few decades,Chinese scientists have been devoted to 3.　　　　 (offer) assistance to many other countries.China has trained more than 14,000 hybrid rice professionals for more than 80 developing countries in the world through international training courses.This technology 4.　　　　　　　　 (introduce) to more and more places in the world so far.
Yuan Longping, 5.　　　　 expert who cultivated the world’s first high-yield hybrid rice strain,earned respect from not only Chinese people but also the global community.His hybrid rice research has been 6.　　　　 (large) saving millions of people from hunger.Yuan helped solve the global food shortage problem 7.　　　　 promote hybrid rice around the world.
8.　　　　 China has achieved is a great wonder,feeding nearly one fifth of the world’s population with less than nine percent of the world’s total land.And China is 9.　　　　 (will) to contribute to global food security and calls for joint efforts to end global hunger and poverty.
It is believed 10.　　　　 the dream of a hunger-free world will come true one day. UNIT 5　课时作业(一)
(Reading and Thinking—Build up your vocabulary　限时:35分钟　分值:60分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.After the heavy rain,the 　　　　(土壤) in the garden became too wet for planting vegetables.
2.The factory increased its 　　　　 (产量) by using new machines that were more efficient.
3.Please confirm whether your luggage is for 　　　　 (国内的) or international transfer.
4.During the economic 　　　　 (危机),some people lost their jobs and struggled to make ends meet.
5.She managed to 　　　　 (克服;战胜) her fear of public speaking by practising regularly in front of friends.
6.There was a serious 　　　　 (短缺) of fresh water in some regions due to climate change and pollution.
7.Through years of dedication and hard work, he finally 　　　　 (获得;得到) the position of CEO.
8.Most people only have a limited amount of 　　　　 (闲暇;休闲;空闲) time.
9.They are putting up new hotels in order to 　　　　 (使兴旺) tourism in the area.
10.The survey was carried out in both 　　　　 (城市的) and rural areas.
答案:1.soil　2.output　3.domestic　4.crisis
5.overcome　6.shortage　7.attained　
8.leisure　9.boost　10.urban
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.It is 　　　　 (estimate) that over a million people will attend the festival,according to the organisers.
2.The government is encouraging people to reduce their energy 　　　　　　　　 (consume) by turning off lights when not in use.
3.Although the plan sounds perfect in theory,the 　　　　 (real) is that it will be difficult to carry out.
4.After hearing all the evidence,the jury was 　　　　(convince) of the defendant’s innocence.
5.He appears confident on the surface,but deep 　　　　 he is actually very nervous about the presentation.
6.The teacher’s selfless 　　　　(devote) to the cause of education is well known,and all her students respect and love her.
7.Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the 　　　　 (assume) you’ve made.
8.The company is sticking to 　　　　 (convention) business practices despite the rapid changes in the industry.
9.The team is comprised 　　　　 talented individuals from diverse backgrounds.
10.There is evidence that the region was 　　　　 (intense) dry 15,000 years ago.
答案:1.estimated　2.consumption　3.reality
4.convinced　5.down　6.devotion
7.assumption　8.conventional　9.of
10.intensely
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.After retiring,he decided 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (致力于志愿服务) at the local community centre.
2.The scientist tried to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (使公众相信) the importance of environmental protection.
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (据估计) more than half of the students in the class have read this book.
4.　　　　　　　　 (事实上), the secret to success is hard work.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (考虑到天气较好), we will hold the sports meeting this afternoon.
答案:1.to devote himself to volunteering　2.convince the public of　3.It is estimated that　4.In reality　5.Given that the weather is pretty good
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Humans have always been working Earth’s land,and they also have always been studying and hoping to work the land of Mars one day.
Planetary scientist Abhilash Ramachandran at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference reported that Martian dirt may have all the necessary nutrients for growing rice,one of humankind’s most important kinds of food.However,he emphasises that the plant may need a bit of help to survive in perchlorate (高氯酸盐),a chemical that can be harmful to plants and has been detected on the surface of Mars.
Ramachandran says they want to send humans to Mars,but they cannot take everything there,especially food.He thinks it’s going to be expensive,but growing rice there would be ideal.
Ramachandran and his colleagues grew rice plants in a Martian soil simulant (模拟物).They also grew rice in pure potting mix as well as several mixtures of the potting mix and soil simulant.All pots were watered once or twice a day.The team found rice plants did grow in the artificial dirt of Mars.However,the plants developed slighter shoots and thinner roots than the plants that grew from the potting mix and hybrid soils.The researchers also tried growing rice in soil with added perchlorate.They sourced some rice varieties—modified to stand environmental stressors like drought—and grew them in Mars-like dirt with and without perchlorate.No rice plants grew in a concentration of 3g of perchlorate per kilogram of soil.But when the concentration was just 1g per kilogram,one of the rice varieties grew both a shoot and a root,while another managed to grow a root.
The findings are encouraging,suggesting that by changing to improve with one successful modified gene,humans might eventually be able to develop a rice cultivar suitable for Mars.
(　　)1.What does Ramachandran stress about growing rice on Mars in Paragraph 2
A.The challenge.
B.The reason.
C.The benefit.
D.The purpose.
(　　)2.Why do the scientists want to plant rice on Mars
A.To purify the Martian air.
B.To feed Martian explorers.
C.To test the Martian soil simulant.
D.To improve the Martian soil environment.
(　　)3.What can we learn about rice plants from the experiments
A.Their weight ranged from 1g to 3g.
B.They stopped growing in Mars-like dirt.
C.They never developed roots in soil with perchlorate.
D.Their growth was affected by perchlorate’s concentration.
(　　)4.What is the author’s attitude to the research findings
A.Doubtful. B.Critical.
C.Positive. D.Curious.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在火星上种植水稻的意义和可能性。
答案及剖析:
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,Ramachandran强调了在火星上种植水稻面临的挑战——火星上有一种对植物有害的化学物质,即高氯酸盐。故选A。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,科学家们想在火星上种植水稻是为了给火星探索者提供食物。故选B。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知,实验表明水稻的生长受高氯酸盐浓度的影响。故选D。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The findings are encouraging”可知,这项研究结果是令人鼓舞的,因此作者对该研究结果应持积极态度。故选C。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
China has designated a special day for farmers 1.　　　　　　　　(celebrate) the annual harvest,the first festival created by the state 2.　　　　(specific) for the country’s farmers.The Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival falls 3.　　　　 Autumnal Equinox (秋分) each year.Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar 4.　　　　(term) of the Chinese lunar calendar and usually falls on 23 or 24 September,during the country’s agricultural harvest season.The festival gives greater 5.　　　　(significant) to rural work,speeds up the fulfilment of China’s rural vitalisation (振兴) strategy,and pushes for faster development of agriculture and rural areas.
A variety of celebrations 6.　　　　　　　　(organise) to display the agricultural harvest,rural technology achievements 7.　　　　 farmers’ creativity.Farmers are encouraged to engage in activities 8.　　　　(relate) to their work and lives.But,farmers are advised to avoid waste in the celebrations.
Rural vitalisation is 9.　　　　 the government is taking efforts to achieve.By 10.　　　　　　　　(develop) its vast rural regions,China expects to see a strong agricultural sector,a beautiful countryside and well-off farmers.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了中国农民丰收节这一专门为农民设立的节日。
答案及剖析:
1.to celebrate　考查动词不定式。句中已有谓语has designated,设空处为非谓语动词,结合语境可知,这个特殊的日子是为了庆祝一年一度的丰收,因此设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to celebrate。
2.specifically　考查副词。设空处应用副词修饰介词短语for the country’s farmers,specific的副词形式是specifically,意为“专门地”。故填specifically。
3.on/upon　考查介词。Autumnal Equinox是具体的一天,因此设空处应用介词on/upon。故填on/upon。
4.terms　考查名词复数。空前有one of,设空处应用复数形式,表示“……之一”。故填terms。
5.significance　考查名词。greater是形容词,其后应接名词,significant的名词形式是significance,意为“意义”。故填significance。
6.are organised　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,庆祝活动是被组织的,句子应用被动语态,句子强调客观事实,时态应用一般现在时,且主语为复数。故填are organised。
7.and　考查连词。agricultural harvest、rural technology achievements和farmers’ creativity是并列关系,且句子是肯定句。故填and。
8.related　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是are encouraged,设空处应为非谓语动词,activities和relate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此设空处应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填related。
9.what　考查表语从句。设空处引导表语从句,且从句中缺少宾语。故填what。
10.developing　考查动名词。设空处应用动词-ing形式作介词by的宾语。故填developing。UNIT 5　课时作业(二)
(Discover useful structures　限时:35分钟　分值:62.5分)
Ⅰ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.　　　　 he made such progress in a short time surprised all of his classmates.
2.　　　　 made her happy was that she won first prize in such a competitive match.
3.　　　　 will be responsible for the project has not been decided yet.
4.　　　　 I’m concerned about most is whether we can collect a huge amount of information in such a short time.
5.It is still under discussion 　　　　 the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel.
6.It is said 　　　　 drinking green tea regularly is beneficial to our health.
7.Whether it will do us harm or good 　　　　 (remain) to be seen.
8.　　　　 he found the way home after he got lost in the deep forest is not clear to us.
9.　　　　 she didn’t come yesterday is unknown.
10.　　　　 major you should choose should be up to yourself.
答案:1.That　2.What　3.Who　4.What
5.whether　6.that　7.remains　8.How　9.Why　10.Which
Ⅱ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (他是如何完成这个任务的) is still a mystery to all of us.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我们最终发现的事情) filled us with immense joy,smiles breaking out on every face.
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (已经得到证实) eating green vegetables contributes to building up strength.
4.When they will start and where they will go (还没定下来).
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (谁会教我们扩大词汇量) is still open to question.
答案:1.How he managed to finish the task　2.What we finally discovered　3.It has been proved that　4.have not been decided yet　5.Who will teach us to enlarge our vocabulary
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Farmers often grow so-called cover plants between main crops.They are used for purposes such as animal feed or as field nutrients.In this way,they supply the soil with nutrients before the next planting.In addition,cover plants also protect against the soil being washed away,regulate soil temperature,promote humus (腐殖质) formation and increase biodiversity above and below ground.However,their potential for removing soil contaminants (污染物) has yet to be recognised.
As a matter of fact,using plants to deal with contaminants in the soil is nothing new.For example,contaminated soil on industrial sites is already being tackled in this way.But agriculture could also benefit from this method,says Marie,head of the Plant Biogeochemistry working group at the UFZ and senior author of the publication.
Then which plants are suitable for phytoremediation (植物修复) in agriculture And which pollutants could be managed with which plants The UFZ team investigated these questions and analysed the current research.Based on the results of the previous studies,the research team developed concepts for phytoremediation for the respective pollutant categories.For example,sunflowers could be used as a cover plant to prevent nitrate (硝酸盐) in the soil from being washed out and polluting the groundwater.The plants absorb the nitrate from the soil to grow.However,it was difficult to identify cover plants that are particularly suitable for phytoremediation targeting the contaminant category of plastic.
“A lot of research still needs to be done here—working together with farmers.Other than that,there is no other approach to effective and practicable strategies for phytoremediation,tailored to different locations,soils and pollutant problems,” says Marie Muehe.“From our perspective,using cover plants to manage soil pollutants could be an efficient future concept for healthier soils and more sustainable agriculture.”
A UFZ research team has been conducting a field study together with farmers as part of the SmartManure project since the summer of 2025.Their aim is to more closely investigate different cover plants and their remediation performance and to test the practicability of phytoremediation in agricultural practice.
(　　)1.What is the purpose of Paragraph 1
A.To point out the benefits of cover plants.
B.To bring about the topic to be discussed.
C.To introduce the background of the passage.
D.To expose a rare phenomenon in agriculture.
(　　)2.What is the basis of the researchers’ concept
A.Their practical experiments.
B.Their work in the field.
C.Findings of previous research.
D.The newly-raised questions.
(　　)3.What is the only solution to the phytoremediation problem
A.Doing more research along with farmers.
B.Testing the practicability of phytoremediation.
C.Gathering more ways from previous recordings.
D.Popularising advanced knowledge among farmers.
(　　)4.What is mainly talked about in the passage
A.Cover plants function well in the field.
B.Farmers are taught to use cover plants in the field.
C.Pollutants in the soil can be reduced in various ways.
D.Cover plants can be used to remove pollutants in the soil.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了覆盖植物可以用来去除土壤中的污染物。
答案及剖析:
1.B　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,本段先介绍了覆盖植物的各种益处,后在段末指出用这些覆盖植物去除土壤污染物的潜力尚未得到认可,且下文也对此进行了介绍。由此可推知,第一段的目的是引出要讨论的话题。故选B。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Based on the results... respective pollutant categories.”可知,研究人员基于以前的研究结果提出了针对各自污染物类别的植物修复概念。故选C。
3.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A lot of research still needs to be done ...for phytoremediation”可知,研究人员除与农民一起进行更多的研究外,并没有其他方法来制定有效且可行的植物修复策略。故选A。
4.D　主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第三段中的“Based on the results... the nitrate from the soil to grow.”可知,本文主要讲述了覆盖植物可以用来去除土壤中的污染物。故选D。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
How to Grow Plants with Little Sun
Some people might think that growing plants without much sun is a difficult,if not impossible,task.However,that is not true.
What type of shade (背阴处) do you have
The first step is understanding the type of shade you have.This is based on the amount of time that the sun shines on the area.1.　　　 They are:
part shade (3-6 hours of the direct sun,usually in the morning)
full shade (less than 3 hours of the direct sun)
deep shade (sunlight rarely,if ever,gets through trees or past structures like buildings)
Buy the right plants.
When you know your shade conditions,find plants that suit them.2.　　　 You can also research that information online,in books or magazines.Experts at gardening stores are other sources of information.
And don’t forget your gardeners nearby.When walking around a community garden or your neighbourhood,take note of plants growing in shady areas.Talk to the gardeners.3.　　
Ways to increase light.
The gardening expert adds that painting nearby structures white mirrors sunlight.Glass and mirrored objects can also mirror light around the garden.If possible,carefully cut some tree branches (树枝).This lets more sunlight reach the ground.
What to plant
Search for the low-light plants suitable for your area.4.　　　 Vegetables like tomatoes need a lot of sun.But leafy greens actually grow better in part shade.
As for pests (害虫),some kinds like shade gardens.But most other pests are less of a problem in low-light conditions.5.　　　 That is,you will feel less hot while gardening!
A.There are three main types of shade.
B.Learn about their successes and failures.
C.Do not give up growing plants you can eat.
D.Deep shade is the most challenging for gardeners.
E.The information is available where plants are sold.
F.Note how many hours of direct sunlight reaches the ground.
G.There is another good thing about gardens with less sunlight.
语篇导读: 本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何在光照不足的情况下种植植物。
答案及剖析:
1.A　根据下文提到的三种背阴情况可推知,设空处应是提出有三种主要的背阴类型。A项符合文意,且下文中的They指代的正是A项中的three main types of shade。故选A。
2.E　根据下文“You can also research ...or magazines.”中的also可知,设空处也应是陈述可以在什么地方获取背阴植物的相关信息。E项符合语境。故选E。
3.B　设空处位于段末,应承接上文。上文建议与社区或附近的园丁聊聊,由此可推知,设空处应是陈述和他们聊天的目的。B项符合语境,且B项中的their与上文的gardeners相对应。故选B。
4.C　根据下文“Vegetables like tomatoes ...in part shade.”可知,可以根据蔬菜需要的光照条件进行种植。由此可推知,设空处应是陈述不能因为自家花园光照不足,就放弃种植蔬菜。C项符合语境。故选C。
5.G　根据上文可知,在背阴处种植植物无须担心害虫问题。结合下文可推知,设空处应是陈述在背阴处种植还有另外一个优点。G项符合语境,与下文衔接自然。故选G。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
Thanks to its high yield and brilliant quality,Chinese hybrid rice has been widely introduced to the whole world,1.　　　　 benefits more people.Chinese hybrid rice technology started many years ago.In 1979,hybrid rice seeds of China 2.　　　　　　　　 (provide) to other countries for the first time,and years later,Chinese hybrid rice has been planted in dozens of countries in the world.
In the past few decades,Chinese scientists have been devoted to 3.　　　　 (offer) assistance to many other countries.China has trained more than 14,000 hybrid rice professionals for more than 80 developing countries in the world through international training courses.This technology 4.　　　　　　　　 (introduce) to more and more places in the world so far.
Yuan Longping, 5.　　　　 expert who cultivated the world’s first high-yield hybrid rice strain,earned respect from not only Chinese people but also the global community.His hybrid rice research has been 6.　　　　 (large) saving millions of people from hunger.Yuan helped solve the global food shortage problem 7.　　　　 promote hybrid rice around the world.
8.　　　　 China has achieved is a great wonder,feeding nearly one fifth of the world’s population with less than nine percent of the world’s total land.And China is 9.　　　　 (will) to contribute to global food security and calls for joint efforts to end global hunger and poverty.
It is believed 10.　　　　 the dream of a hunger-free world will come true one day.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国杂交水稻技术的历史和所取得的成就。
答案及剖析:
1.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面的主句,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
2.were provided　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In 1979可知,此处时态应用一般过去时;谓语动词provide和主语之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态;主语hybrid rice seeds of China为复数,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were provided。
3.offering　考查固定搭配。be devoted to doing sth 意为“献身于/致力于做某事”,是固定短语。故填offering。
4.has been introduced　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语so far可知,此处时态应用现在完成时;谓语动词introduce和主语之间是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态;主语This technology 为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been introduced。
5.an　考查冠词。可数名词单数expert用作同位语,是泛指概念,应用不定冠词修饰,且expert的读音以元音音素开头。故填an。
6.largely　考查副词。修饰后面的现在分词saving,应用副词largely作状语。故填largely。
7.and　考查连词。根据语境可知,空前的solve和空后的promote为并列关系。故填and。
8.What　考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导主语从句,应用连接代词what引导该从句,作achieved的宾语,意为“……的事情”;位于句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
9.willing　考查形容词。此处应用形容词作表语,be willing to do sth 意为“愿意做某事”,是固定短语。故填willing。
10.that　考查主语从句。It为形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,且此处为固定句型“It is believed that ...”,表示“人们相信……”。故填that。UNIT 5　课时作业(三)
(Using Language—Assessing Your Progress　限时:35分钟　分值:44分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共9题;每题1分,共9分)
1.We need to stop at the 　　　　 (食品杂货店) to buy some milk and bread on our way home.
2.What lies at the 　　　　 (根源) of his troubles is a sense of insecurity.
3.The most impressive 　　　　 (方面) of her performance was her emotional depth.
4.The doctor explained that it’s harder to 　　　　 (消化) certain types of food if you have a stomach upset.
5.If the flight is cancelled,we’ll have to find an 　　　　　　 (可供替代的) way to get there.
6.There is 　　　　　　 (广泛的) support for the new environmental policy among the citizens.
7.This kind of fruit tastes a little sour, but in reality it is very 　　　　 (有营养的).
8.The organisation works to 　　　　 (减轻) world hunger.
9.It is 　　　　　 (完全必要的) for us to know all the facts.
5.alternative　6.widespread　7.nutritious　8.alleviate　9.essential
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.Although they look similar,these two products are 　　　　 (entire) different in quality.
2.The explorers were amazed by the 　　　　 (deep) of the cave they discovered.
3.The solution to this problem is 　　　　　 (essential) simple if you think about it carefully.
4.Despite its length,the novel suffers from a 　　　　 (poor) of original ideas.
5.Increased production will lead to higher profits,which will 　　　　 turn allow for more investment in research.
6.We need to analyse different 　　　　(aspect) of this complex situation before making decisions.
7.The 　　　　 (mineral) in the water made it unpleasant to drink.
8.There is a 　　　　 (short) of fresh water in many drought-affected areas around the world.
9.Is 　　　　 (organ) food really healthier Is it worth the expense
10.It is always important to choose enjoyable and 　　　　 (nutrition) food.
4.poverty　5.in　6.aspects　7.minerals　
8.shortage　9.organic　10.nutritious
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (……是至关重要的) students should understand the core concepts,not just memorise facts.
2.The instructions were 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (太复杂了以至于一些人无法理解) without help.
3.When the last bus left,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (他们别无选择只好走回家) in the rain.
4.We fell behind our competitor in the basketball game, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这使得我们既焦急又失落).
5.By studying hard, students can gain good grades, which 　　　　　　　　 (相应地) can open up more opportunities for them in the future.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
The world’s major food crops—rice, wheat,and corn—must be planted again for every harvest.That’s a lot of work for farmers and can contribute to environmental problems such as soil erosion (水土流失). Perennial (多年生的) grains that survive and produce year after year could ease (减轻) the burden.
Researchers in China showed perennial rice can meet those standards and save farmers many weeks of hard work. Called Perennial Rice 23 (PR23), the variety was created years ago by crossing a commercial variety of Asian rice with a perennial wild rice that grows in Africa.
PR23 produced just as much grain as regular,seasonally planted rice, the team reported. In the first year, planting and cultivation cost about the same. But in the second year,farmers could remove a major task: replanting young rice seedlings into the rice field.Skipping this step greatly reduced the amount of work, and helped lower farmers’ costs by half. Soil nutrition also increased in the fields containing perennial rice. Four years later, however,production dropped so much that the perennial rice needed to be replanted.
More and more farmers are growing PR23,thanks to technical assistance from Yunnan University and government promotion. Perennial rice could also reduce soil erosion in the terraced uplands of Southeast Asia. But researchers still need to develop a variety adapted to that environment’s drier and less rich soil. Researchers also worry about long-term impacts. One concern is that there will be more weeds and disease-causing organisms in the fields, requiring more chemicals.Another question is whether the rice releases more nitrous oxide—a strong greenhouse gas. But as cultivation spreads, the costs and benefits of perennial rice should come into focus.
(　　)1.What is an advantage of PR23
A.Production increases every year.
B.It reduces farmers’ cost each year.
C.There is no need to replant seedlings within four years.
D.The soil with it gets more nutritious.
(　　)2.What might be a concern for researchers of perennial rice
A.It may produce a harmful gas.
B.It is easily affected by diseases.
C.It is not adapted to local climate.
D.It may do harm to the environment.
(　　)3.What can be a suitable title for the passage
A.Perennial Rice Replaces Regular Rice
B.Perennial Rice Promises Easier Farming
C.Perennial Rice Boosts Rice Production
D.Perennial Rice Reforms Rice Growing
(　　)4.Where is the passage probably taken from
A.A biology paper.
B.An art magazine.
C.A textbook.
D.A government report.UNIT 5　课时作业(四)
(单元知识综合练)
(限时:40分钟　分值:49.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(共7题;每题1分,共7分)
1.digest
A.v.消化　B.vt.领会;领悟　C.n.摘要;文摘
①His explanation was so detailed that I could easily digest what he just explained.　　　
②I need a walk to help me digest such a big meal.　　　
③I really enjoyed what the author wrote in his digest about modern educational methods.　　　
2.写出下列句子中加粗单词的含义
①The professor promised to expand on what he had mentioned in the previous lecture.　　　　　　　
②She stood rooted to the spot when she heard what had just happened outside.　　　　　　　
③He was overcome with emotion when he realised what his teammates had done for him.　　　　　　　
④The teacher’s steady encouragement boosted my confidence,turning me from a silent listener into an active participant in class.　　　　　　　
2.①详述　②一动不动的　③受到……的极大影响　④使增长
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Have you ever stopped to consider how empty the world would look without trees Below are five of the top benefits that trees provide.
1.　　　 When adults who are feeling down spend time in the forest,they feel better.Forest therapy can range from simply walking among the trees for a couple of hours to meditating in a forest.The adults note they become more confident and their mood improves after forest therapy.
Trees help you heal faster.Natural environments,including forests,help you reach a more positive state of mind.2.　　　 In fact,sick people with exposure to nature heal faster than those who don’t,even if it’s just a view through a window!
Trees reduce air pollution and improve respiratory (呼吸的) health.Trees take in many harmful pollutants from our environment.3.　　　 In other words,these forests can reduce many cases of respiratory illness and save countless lives.
Trees provide oxygen.Trees are like the lungs of our Earth.They supply us with oxygen while taking away our carbon dioxide and ask for nothing in return.A single tree can provide enough oxygen for four people.4.　　
Trees cool cities.Trees cool things down by offering shade and through evapotranspiration (蒸散作用).5.　　　 Trees even save your money on your electric bill.When a tree offers direct shade for your home,you’ll use less air conditioning.
A.Trees cheer you up!
B.Trees help reduce the effects of climate change.
C.This,in turn,affects your overall state of wellness.
D.In fact,large forests can influence regional weather patterns.
E.So plant more trees around your home if you want to feel cooler.
F.And of course,trees also provide plenty of oxygen for birds and other wildlife.
G.It is estimated that forests can remove millions of tons of pollution per year.
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a long history in China.Much of the wisdom 　1　 by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today.One of China’s early 　2　 scientists was Jia Sixie,who lived in the sixth century AD.He spent his time doing 　3　 into agriculture.He collected information,studied it,did experiments and learnt from the 　4　 of farmers.
Around 540 AD,he wrote a book called Essential Techniques for the Welfare of the People (《齐民要术》).The book is about both farming and 　5　.It includes advice on growing green vegetables and fruit trees,keeping animals and fish in lakes.There are also 　6　 for making wine.Jia Sixie’s book is a(n) 　7　 guide for farming.Firstly,if you sow seeds and 　8　 young plants in the fields at the correct time of the year,your work will be less and 　9　 will be better.Examine the soil on your farm 　10　.Before sowing or planting crops,you must clean rough ground and 　11　 weeds.Let sheep or cows walk on the land to destroy the weeds or eat them.The best harvest is reached when farmers 　12　 the crops in their fields.For example,do not plant rice 　13　 in the same field.But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year,you will 　14　 good crops.Other scientists said that wheat should be planted with space between the plants,but Jia did experiments and 　15　 that planting wheat close together is better.
(　　)1.A.discovered B.recovered
C.reported D.repeated
(　　)2.A.industrial B.agricultural
C.cultural D.martial
(　　)3.A.search B.research
C.experiment D.movement
(　　)4.A.adventures B.advantages
C.tradition D.experience
(　　)5.A.nursing B.gardening
C.produce D.trade
(　　)6.A.instructions B.constructions
C.measures D.treasures
(　　)7.A.economical B.practical
C.similar D.regular
(　　)8.A.drop B.increase
C.grow D.throw
(　　)9.A.dreams B.ending
C.hope D.results
(　　)10.A.successfully B.carefully
C.gradually D.frequently
(　　)11.A.remove B.pull
C.kill D.reduce
(　　)12.A.keep B.improve
C.manage D.change
(　　)13.A.one after another B.here and there
C.now and then D.year after year
(　　)14.A.win B.collect
C.harvest D.plant
(　　)15.A.showed B.meant
C.intended D.decided
Ⅳ.应用文写作(15分)
假设你是李华,在下周的英语课上,老师要求同学们分享一次自己的种植经历。请你用英语写一篇短文。内容包括:
1.种植的植物;
2.种植的过程;
3.你的收获和感受。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词语:发芽sprout。
[写作指导]
One possible version:
Last spring I decided to plant some tomatoes.
Firstly,I kept some tomato seeds in clean water.A few days later,when they sprouted,I transplanted the seedlings to a sunny spot in my garden.I gave the tomato plants adequate fertiliser and watered them regularly.In addition,I managed to protect them from insects.As time passed,the plants grew steadily and after about three months,I harvested my tomatoes with a great sense of achievement.
Now I have a deeper understanding of the proverb “No pains,no gains”.If I do what I can to achieve a goal,my efforts will pay off one day.UNIT 5　课时作业(一)
(Reading and Thinking—Build up your vocabulary　限时:35分钟　分值:60分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.After the heavy rain,the 　　　　(土壤) in the garden became too wet for planting vegetables.
2.The factory increased its 　　　　 (产量) by using new machines that were more efficient.
3.Please confirm whether your luggage is for 　　　　 (国内的) or international transfer.
4.During the economic 　　　　 (危机),some people lost their jobs and struggled to make ends meet.
5.She managed to 　　　　 (克服;战胜) her fear of public speaking by practising regularly in front of friends.
6.There was a serious 　　　　 (短缺) of fresh water in some regions due to climate change and pollution.
7.Through years of dedication and hard work, he finally 　　　　 (获得;得到) the position of CEO.
8.Most people only have a limited amount of 　　　　 (闲暇;休闲;空闲) time.
9.They are putting up new hotels in order to 　　　　 (使兴旺) tourism in the area.
10.The survey was carried out in both 　　　　 (城市的) and rural areas.
5.overcome　6.shortage　7.attained　
8.leisure　9.boost　10.urban
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.It is 　　　　 (estimate) that over a million people will attend the festival,according to the organisers.
2.The government is encouraging people to reduce their energy 　　　　　　　　 (consume) by turning off lights when not in use.
3.Although the plan sounds perfect in theory,the 　　　　 (real) is that it will be difficult to carry out.
4.After hearing all the evidence,the jury was 　　　　(convince) of the defendant’s innocence.
5.He appears confident on the surface,but deep 　　　　 he is actually very nervous about the presentation.
6.The teacher’s selfless 　　　　(devote) to the cause of education is well known,and all her students respect and love her.
7.Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the 　　　　 (assume) you’ve made.
8.The company is sticking to 　　　　 (convention) business practices despite the rapid changes in the industry.
9.The team is comprised 　　　　 talented individuals from diverse backgrounds.
10.There is evidence that the region was 　　　　 (intense) dry 15,000 years ago.
4.convinced　5.down　6.devotion
7.assumption　8.conventional　9.of
10.intensely
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.After retiring,he decided 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (致力于志愿服务) at the local community centre.
2.The scientist tried to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (使公众相信) the importance of environmental protection.
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (据估计) more than half of the students in the class have read this book.
4.　　　　　　　　 (事实上), the secret to success is hard work.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (考虑到天气较好), we will hold the sports meeting this afternoon.
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
Humans have always been working Earth’s land,and they also have always been studying and hoping to work the land of Mars one day.
Planetary scientist Abhilash Ramachandran at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference reported that Martian dirt may have all the necessary nutrients for growing rice,one of humankind’s most important kinds of food.However,he emphasises that the plant may need a bit of help to survive in perchlorate (高氯酸盐),a chemical that can be harmful to plants and has been detected on the surface of Mars.
Ramachandran says they want to send humans to Mars,but they cannot take everything there,especially food.He thinks it’s going to be expensive,but growing rice there would be ideal.
Ramachandran and his colleagues grew rice plants in a Martian soil simulant (模拟物).They also grew rice in pure potting mix as well as several mixtures of the potting mix and soil simulant.All pots were watered once or twice a day.The team found rice plants did grow in the artificial dirt of Mars.However,the plants developed slighter shoots and thinner roots than the plants that grew from the potting mix and hybrid soils.The researchers also tried growing rice in soil with added perchlorate.They sourced some rice varieties—modified to stand environmental stressors like drought—and grew them in Mars-like dirt with and without perchlorate.No rice plants grew in a concentration of 3g of perchlorate per kilogram of soil.But when the concentration was just 1g per kilogram,one of the rice varieties grew both a shoot and a root,while another managed to grow a root.
The findings are encouraging,suggesting that by changing to improve with one successful modified gene,humans might eventually be able to develop a rice cultivar suitable for Mars.
(　　)1.What does Ramachandran stress about growing rice on Mars in Paragraph 2
A.The challenge.
B.The reason.
C.The benefit.
D.The purpose.
(　　)2.Why do the scientists want to plant rice on Mars
A.To purify the Martian air.
B.To feed Martian explorers.
C.To test the Martian soil simulant.
D.To improve the Martian soil environment.
(　　)3.What can we learn about rice plants from the experiments
A.Their weight ranged from 1g to 3g.
B.They stopped growing in Mars-like dirt.
C.They never developed roots in soil with perchlorate.
D.Their growth was affected by perchlorate’s concentration.
(　　)4.What is the author’s attitude to the research findings
A.Doubtful. B.Critical.
C.Positive. D.Curious.
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
China has designated a special day for farmers 1.　　　　　　　　(celebrate) the annual harvest,the first festival created by the state 2.　　　　(specific) for the country’s farmers.The Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival falls 3.　　　　 Autumnal Equinox (秋分) each year.Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar 4.　　　　(term) of the Chinese lunar calendar and usually falls on 23 or 24 September,during the country’s agricultural harvest season.The festival gives greater 5.　　　　(significant) to rural work,speeds up the fulfilment of China’s rural vitalisation (振兴) strategy,and pushes for faster development of agriculture and rural areas.
A variety of celebrations 6.　　　　　　　　(organise) to display the agricultural harvest,rural technology achievements 7.　　　　 farmers’ creativity.Farmers are encouraged to engage in activities 8.　　　　(relate) to their work and lives.But,farmers are advised to avoid waste in the celebrations.
Rural vitalisation is 9.　　　　 the government is taking efforts to achieve.By 10.　　　　　　　　(develop) its vast rural regions,China expects to see a strong agricultural sector,a beautiful countryside and well-off farmers. UNIT 5　课时作业(三)
(Using Language—Assessing Your Progress　限时:35分钟　分值:44分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共9题;每题1分,共9分)
1.We need to stop at the 　　　　 (食品杂货店) to buy some milk and bread on our way home.
2.What lies at the 　　　　 (根源) of his troubles is a sense of insecurity.
3.The most impressive 　　　　 (方面) of her performance was her emotional depth.
4.The doctor explained that it’s harder to 　　　　 (消化) certain types of food if you have a stomach upset.
5.If the flight is cancelled,we’ll have to find an 　　　　　　 (可供替代的) way to get there.
6.There is 　　　　　　 (广泛的) support for the new environmental policy among the citizens.
7.This kind of fruit tastes a little sour, but in reality it is very 　　　　 (有营养的).
8.The organisation works to 　　　　 (减轻) world hunger.
9.It is 　　　　　 (完全必要的) for us to know all the facts.
答案:1.grocery　2.root　3.aspect　4.digest
5.alternative　6.widespread　7.nutritious　8.alleviate　9.essential
Ⅱ.句子语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.Although they look similar,these two products are 　　　　 (entire) different in quality.
2.The explorers were amazed by the 　　　　 (deep) of the cave they discovered.
3.The solution to this problem is 　　　　　 (essential) simple if you think about it carefully.
4.Despite its length,the novel suffers from a 　　　　 (poor) of original ideas.
5.Increased production will lead to higher profits,which will 　　　　 turn allow for more investment in research.
6.We need to analyse different 　　　　(aspect) of this complex situation before making decisions.
7.The 　　　　 (mineral) in the water made it unpleasant to drink.
8.There is a 　　　　 (short) of fresh water in many drought-affected areas around the world.
9.Is 　　　　 (organ) food really healthier Is it worth the expense
10.It is always important to choose enjoyable and 　　　　 (nutrition) food.
答案:1.entirely　2.depth　3.essentially
4.poverty　5.in　6.aspects　7.minerals　
8.shortage　9.organic　10.nutritious
Ⅲ.情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (……是至关重要的) students should understand the core concepts,not just memorise facts.
2.The instructions were 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (太复杂了以至于一些人无法理解) without help.
3.When the last bus left,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (他们别无选择只好走回家) in the rain.
4.We fell behind our competitor in the basketball game, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这使得我们既焦急又失落).
5.By studying hard, students can gain good grades, which 　　　　　　　　 (相应地) can open up more opportunities for them in the future.
答案:1.It is essential that　2.too complicated for some people to understand　3.they had no alternative but to walk home　4.making us anxious and lost　5.in turn
Ⅳ.阅读理解(共4题;每题2.5分,共10分)
The world’s major food crops—rice, wheat,and corn—must be planted again for every harvest.That’s a lot of work for farmers and can contribute to environmental problems such as soil erosion (水土流失). Perennial (多年生的) grains that survive and produce year after year could ease (减轻) the burden.
Researchers in China showed perennial rice can meet those standards and save farmers many weeks of hard work. Called Perennial Rice 23 (PR23), the variety was created years ago by crossing a commercial variety of Asian rice with a perennial wild rice that grows in Africa.
PR23 produced just as much grain as regular,seasonally planted rice, the team reported. In the first year, planting and cultivation cost about the same. But in the second year,farmers could remove a major task: replanting young rice seedlings into the rice field.Skipping this step greatly reduced the amount of work, and helped lower farmers’ costs by half. Soil nutrition also increased in the fields containing perennial rice. Four years later, however,production dropped so much that the perennial rice needed to be replanted.
More and more farmers are growing PR23,thanks to technical assistance from Yunnan University and government promotion. Perennial rice could also reduce soil erosion in the terraced uplands of Southeast Asia. But researchers still need to develop a variety adapted to that environment’s drier and less rich soil. Researchers also worry about long-term impacts. One concern is that there will be more weeds and disease-causing organisms in the fields, requiring more chemicals.Another question is whether the rice releases more nitrous oxide—a strong greenhouse gas. But as cultivation spreads, the costs and benefits of perennial rice should come into focus.
(　　)1.What is an advantage of PR23
A.Production increases every year.
B.It reduces farmers’ cost each year.
C.There is no need to replant seedlings within four years.
D.The soil with it gets more nutritious.
(　　)2.What might be a concern for researchers of perennial rice
A.It may produce a harmful gas.
B.It is easily affected by diseases.
C.It is not adapted to local climate.
D.It may do harm to the environment.
(　　)3.What can be a suitable title for the passage
A.Perennial Rice Replaces Regular Rice
B.Perennial Rice Promises Easier Farming
C.Perennial Rice Boosts Rice Production
D.Perennial Rice Reforms Rice Growing
(　　)4.Where is the passage probably taken from
A.A biology paper.
B.An art magazine.
C.A textbook.
D.A government report.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了多年生水稻有望使得种植变得更加容易。
答案及剖析:
1.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In the first year ... into the rice field.”可知,种植PR23的优势是4年内农民不需要重新种植水稻幼苗。故选C。
2.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知,有一个问题是水稻是否会释放更多的一氧化二氮,所以多年生水稻的研究人员可能会担心水稻释放温室气体,会对环境有害。故选D。
3.B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了多年生水稻可以为农民节省成本并降低劳动强度,所以B项“多年生水稻有望使得种植变得更加容易”适合作为文章标题。故选B。
4.A　推理判断题。本文主要介绍了多年生水稻的相关内容,推测文章可能出自一篇生物学论文。故选A。

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