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(共23张PPT)
名词
考点1　可数名词
　　可数名词从单数形式变为复数形式,有规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。
1.规则变化
类型及构词方法 示例
一般情况,加-s book→books　pet→pets　 boy→boys　bed→beds
以s,x,ch,sh等结尾,加-es class→classes　box→boxes　watch→watches　dish→dishes
以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es family→families　party→parties
以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v,再加-es knife→knives　 leaf→leaves
类型及构词方法 示例
以“辅音字母+o”结尾 表示有生命的名词,加-es (口诀:英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆) hero→heroes　potato→potatoes　tomato→tomatoes
表示无生命的名词,加-s photo→photos　 piano→pianos
以元音字母加o结尾,加-s zoo→zoos　
radio→radios　
2.不规则变化
类型 示例
常见的不规则变化的名词 孩子child→children　老鼠mouse→mice
男人man→men 女人woman→women
牙齿tooth→teeth 鹅goose→geese
单复数同形的名词 鹿→deer　　　绵羊→sheep
类型 示例
只有复数形式,无单数形式的名词 衣服→clothes　　裤子→trousers　　眼镜→glasses
表示某国人的名词 单复数同形(中日不变) 中国人→Chinese　
日本人→Japanese
变-man/-woman为 -men/-women(英法变) an Englishman→ten Englishmen
a Frenchwoman→six Frenchwomen
词尾加-s(其余s加后面) an American→two Americans　a German→three Germans
【考点专练】
1.Many _________(tree) are planted every year to make our city beautiful.
2.The Silk Road is becoming a top choice for international _________(visitor).
3.These nice ___________(photo) were taken by my teachers last week.
4.Last winter holiday, we met some _____________(German) in Harbin.
They liked Harbin so much.
5.The astronauts are working in the space station. They’re our _________(hero).
6.Spiders have eight ________(foot).
　trees　
visitors　
　photos　
　Germans　
heroes　
　feet　
考点2　不可数名词
　　不可数名词一般没有复数形式,且不能用基数词或不定冠词 a/an 直接修饰。
1.不可数名词量的表达
类别 用法 示例
具体的量 基数词/不定冠词(a/an)+表示数量的名词+of+不可数名词 a glass/box of milk一杯/盒牛奶　
a bottle of water一瓶水
two pieces of paper两张纸　
three cups of tea三杯茶
不具体 的量 一些词或短语用于不可数名词前表示概数 a bit of cake一点儿蛋糕　
some advice一些建议
a lot of money许多钱　　
plenty of space充足的空间
2.不可数名词的转化
(1)某些物质名词在表示类别或具体的数量时可转化为可数名词。例如:
coffee→a coffee　tea→a tea　beer→a beer　rain→a rain
(2)抽象名词一般是不可数名词,但在表示某个具体的人或事物时,可用作可数名词,可与 a/an 连用,也可用复数形式。例如:
beauty→a beauty　success→a success　failure→a failure　
surprise→a surprise
(3)有些名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,但意义不同。常见的有:
名词 可数 不可数 名词 可数 不可数
glass 眼镜;玻璃杯 玻璃 room 房间 空间
chicken 鸡 鸡肉 orange 橙子 橙汁
paper 报纸;试卷;论文 纸张 exercise 练习;习题 锻炼;运动
work 著作;作品 工作 experience 经历 经验
weight 哑铃;砝码;重物 重量 time 次;回 时间;时刻
wood 树林;林地 木头;木材 gold 金牌 金;金币
light 电灯 光线 change 变化 零钱
考点3　名词所有格
　　名词所有格用来表示名词之间的所属关系。一般有-’s 所有格、of 所有格和双重所有格三种形式,具体用法如下:
类别 用法 示例
-’s所 有格 常用于有 生命的名词 一般单数名词在词尾加-’s my sister’s book 我妹妹的书
Mike’s mother 迈克的妈妈
以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加-’ Teachers’ Day 教师节
the boys’ notebooks 男孩们的笔记本
不以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加-’s Children’s Day 儿童节
Women’s Day妇女节
类别 用法 示例
-’s所 有格 常用于有 生命的名词 如果某物为两者共同所有,只需在后一个名词词尾加-’s;如果两者各自拥有某物,则在两个名词后面都加-’s Mike and Ben’s room
迈克和本的房间(共同所有)
Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克
(的房间)和本的房间(各自拥有)
“名词+-’s”可以表示“某人家”“店铺”“诊所”等处所 at Mr Green’s在格林先生家
at the dentist’s在牙医的诊所
类别 用法 示例
-’s所 有格 有些表示时间、距离、国家、机构等的无生命名词,也可以在词尾加-’s构成所有格 five minutes’ walk
步行五分钟的路程
of 所有格 常用于无生命的名词 legs of the desk 桌子腿
a map of China一幅中国地图
双重 所有格 of+-’s 所有格 a friend of my father’s
我爸爸的一个朋友
of+名词性物主代词 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
【考点专练】
1.Chinese people use twelve animals to name the year of a ____________
(person) birth.
2.Today is my _____________(brother) birthday. I want to make a bowl of
long noodles for him.
3.The volunteer sang a song to draw _____________(child) attention.
4.Many of the students have never left their hometown. It’s these
______________(teenager) dream to visit the Palace Museum.
5.We use the same material to design Lily’s and Lucy’s ___________(study).
　person’s　
　brother’s　
　children’s　
　teenagers’　
　studies　
【基础题】
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.In Nakeli ancient town, the tea shop owners warmly invite ___________　
(travel) to taste Pu’er tea.
2.(2026·江苏扬州)Even a short daily bike ride is good for your health
and ___________(weigh).
　travellers
　weight　
3.Do you know that many popular _________(film) are based on books
4.Don’t talk so loudly. You’re supposed to mind your ____________(manner)
to keep your voice down in public.
5.For those with sleep problems, biking is a good __________(choose).
　films　
　manners　
　choice　
【语篇题】
二、完形填空
　　Though I was the only child of my family, I had a happy childhood. All around me were children of my 　1　. That was because I spent the first five years of my life at my mother’s hometown which was a fishing town. There my 　2　 were like teams of fish in the sea because my mother has twelve brothers and sisters. Each of them has three to five children. The sweet 　3　 of my childhood are filled with the beach, fishing and family activities.
We would search the beach for colourful starfish(海星), stones and anything else we could find. I was the luckiest of us all and usually found beautiful 　4　. Once, I found a brown 　5　. It was as small as my little finger. I would play with it happily when my cousins were not around me.
Fishing was something I wanted every Saturday. Uncle Jerome and Uncle Edward had a big 　6　. They would take us to the middle of the sea. One Saturday, I saw a pearl(珍珠) in a seashell(海贝壳) by the seaside. I was amazed with my 　7　 open! It shone before my eyes. I thought it was the most beautiful 　8　.
My childhood was the best 　9　 of my life. When I have children of my own, I will bring them to my town so they can experience the 　10　 of a simple childhood in a family with love.
1.A.rule B.idea C.age
2.A.guests B.cousins C.workers
3.A.memories B.orders C.mistakes
4.A.notices B.speeches C.treasures
5.A.flag B.fish C.menu
6.A.ticket B.boat C.house
7.A.hand B.ear C.mouth
8.A.thing B.secret C.report
9.A.risk B.sign C.time
10.A.dream B.happiness C.trouble

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