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26学年上海师范大学附属中学第一学期高二英语阶段试卷
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Dedicated to Dunhuang: A Life Inspired by Ancient Art
Famous Chinese artist Chang Shana, the designer behind the decorative mural (壁画) on the ceiling of the
banquet (宴会) hall of Beijing's Great Hall of the People, and her father Chang Shuhong, who was also a famous
artist, have dedicated their lives to preserving and promoting the art of Dunhuang.
Her passion for Dunhuang (1) ______ (inspire) by her father Chang Shuhong, often referred to as the pioneer
of introducing Dunhuang art.
In 1943, her father, then a promising artist who (2) ______ (win) several medals in France, made up his mind
to contribute to Dunhuang after reading about the cave art there. It wasn't long (3) ______ he moved to Dunhuang,
a remote county in northwest China's Gansu Province.
(4) ______ (travel) along rough roads for an entire month, in the fall of 1943, the family arrived at the dusty,
yet exciting Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. In 1944, Chang Shuhong founded Dunhuang Art Institute, (5) ______ is
now known as Dunhuang Academy. He gave up the prospect of furthering his art career, and devoted himself to
the protection and study of Dunhuang's treasures. But this was so hard a task that his wife couldn't bear the harsh
conditions and left him. What's worse, during the war, the government stopped (6) ______ (fund) the Dunhuang
Art Research Institute. Nevertheless, Chang Shana and her father stayed to continue their mission.
Chang Shana made copies of the murals (7) ______ the guidance of her father, researchers at the institute and
visiting artists. She learned a lot about murals and (8) ______ the styles for the murals had evolved. That
experience has greatly influenced her career.
Chang Shana later went to the US for further study and when she came back, she turned to industrial art,
teaching at Tsinghua University. Chang has completed many key designs (9) ______ (base) on Dunhuang murals,
including the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People.
For Chang, Dunhuang has become an inseparable part of her life. She's now cooperating with an e-commerce
platform to promote the sale of her work (10) ______ (make) sure that the thousand-year-old art lives on.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. tempting B. developing C. permanent D. marketed E. control F. rapidly
G. required H. present I. addicted J. entirely K. decrease
Is vaping really safer than smoking
What exactly is vaping, and why is it so popular among teens Vaping is inhaling vapor (吸入雾气) through
e-cigarette. It is (11) ______ as an alternative to smoking tobacco. There are likely several reasons why teens find
vaping interesting. Vaping devices look cool, and who doesn't like to look cool Liquids for electronic cigarettes
(e-cigarettes) come in hundreds of (12) ______ flavors such as mango, or strawberries and cream. Teens also
think more about the here and now than the future. Here and now, vaping may be cool, but down the road, it's not.
People see vaping as safe because they think that they're just inhaling water vapor and tasty flavorings. But
much more than that is going into their lungs. In fact, many different chemicals go into vape pods (烟弹). The
liquid inside can contain heavy metals that cause lung damage. The chemical diacetyl (双乙酰), (13) ______ in
many e-liquids, causes popcorn lung, which makes breathing difficult. Signs of it can appear as little as two weeks
after inhaling the chemical. The condition has no cure. The damage is (14) ______.
More troubling is the presence of nicotine in the vapor. Nicotine makes people feel good but is very
addicting. It reaches the brain 10 seconds after being inhaled. Once (15) ______, people find it difficult to quit
using it. The potential for nicotine addiction is higher in teens than adults because a teenager's brain is still (16)
______. Nicotine use during the teen years can affect one's brain to become easily addicted to other drugs.
One vape pod can contain more nicotine than 20 cigarettes. Nicotine affects the length of time teens can pay
attention, their ability to learn and their emotion (17) ______. People addicted to nicotine are often anxious
without the drug. Over time more and more is (18) ______ to make them feel good.
But it's never too late to quit. Ask friends and family to help. Don't just plan to (19) ______ the number of
times you vape each day. Now is the time to drop your e-cigarette (20) ______. If you get anxious, breathe deeply
and focus on enjoying the air. Cutting vaping out of your life will make your body happier and healthier.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in
each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Adventure travelers used to represent a small group of brave travelers willing to go to nearly any extreme in
pursuit of an extraordinary trip. But more recently, the ranks of adventure travelers are growing, pursuing
unforgettable excitement.
“Frontier tourism,” as it has been called, is rapidly gaining popularity with the ordinary vacation enthusiast
— and this (21) ______ dynamic is not without risk for both the planet and the traveler.
As unbelievable as it may seem, space travel is generating widespread (22) ______. While a space flight
might certainly be unforgettable, there are also some health (23) ______ to consider. “The extraordinary
experience comes with the harsh impacts of radiation and (24) ______ gravity,” says an expert. “The change in
gravity can put an incredible amount of pressure on the body, increasing the risk of a heart attack.” Space tourists
are also (25) ______ space rays, which can damage cells and DNA, increasing the risks of eye disease and cancer.
Another aspect of frontier tourism involves exploring environments on this planet that remain largely (26)
______ by modernization. However, increased traffic to these areas drives pollution and uproots the sensitive
habitats of local ecosystems.
The ultimate hiking goal, climbing Mount Qomolangma, provides a (27) ______ of this. Treks to the peak
have seen enormous growth in recent years. This (28) ______ mountain is left covered with some 75 tons of waste
each season at its base camp. Further up the mountain, beyond base camp, another 50 tons of waste are left by
travelers seeking to make it to the mountain's peak.
Frontier tourism is also having a harmful impact on (29) ______ destinations such as Antarctica. The (30)
______ of these fantastic locations is the opportunity to see breathtaking glaciers (冰山) and diverse wildlife,
particularly as the rapidly warming planet destroys those very glaciers and makes (31) ______ ever more difficult
for the region's wildlife.
What's worse, it's a severe (32) ______. The growing crowds are driving harm in the form of an even larger
carbon footprint, one that's worsening global warming issues further.
According to the International Union for Conservation for Nature (IUCN), (33) ______ regulations are not
enough to protect the environment from tourism impacts. The IUCN report goes on to stress that growing tourism
(34) ______ are causing penguin (企鹅) species to change their reproductive and social behaviors.
So is frontier tourism a development that's likely to continue (35) ______ Indeed, this type of tourism also
requires “high responsibility from tourists and tour operators.”
21. A. enduring B. emerging C. intervening D. competing
22. A. panic B. adoption C. perception D. appeal
23. A. benefits B. consequences C. treatments D. experiments
24. A. altered B. artificial C. specific D. intense
25.
A. prohibited by
B. protected against
C. exposed to
D. excluded from
26. A. influenced B. dominated C. uninsured D. untouched
27. A. example B. memory C. contrast D. symbol
28.
A. overlooked
B. underpopulated
C. overcrowded
D. underestimated
29. A. jammed B. nasty C. potential D. delicate
30. A. draw B. flexibility C. anchor D. practicability
31. A. feeding B. breathing C. survival D. restoration
32. A. cycle B. format C. forecast D. complication
33. A. strict B. existing C. global D. proposed
34. A. facilities B. arrivals C. destinations D. boosters
35. A. unnoticed B. unchanged C. unchecked D. undamaged
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them
there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in
the passage you have just read.
(A)
A tall, artistic structure called Vessel stands at the heart of Hudson Yards, a real-estate development in New
York City that includes offices, residences and stores. Hudson Yards is currently the largest private development
in the U.S. and is built over the top of an active rail yard.
Vessel is a network of staircases and platforms that offers views of New York City from a variety of
perspectives. The structure is meant to be a meeting point at the center of the area as well as an attraction for
tourists. It won't be called Vessel for long, however. There will soon be a competition to choose a permanent title.
The structure is currently called "Vessel" because of its shape: narrow at its base and then expanding up and
out. To get to the structure's highest point on foot, visitors must climb 2,500 steps and cross 80 platforms.
According to the developer, it's a one-mile climb.
To explore Vessel, visitors need free tickets that allow them to enter the structure at a set time of the day. The
purpose of the set times on the tickets is to keep the number of people on Vessel within a safe limit at all times.
Since Vessel opened to the public, it has been applauded by some visitors and criticized by others. Some
have made fun of its shape, comparing it to a pineapple or waste paper basket. Others have criticized its lack of
benches. Since resting on the stairs is not allowed, there is no place to sit. Despite these issues, Vessel attracts
many locals and tourists every day.
36. What information about Vessel does this article provide
A. Its estimated weight.
B. Its grand opening date.
C. The attractive lighting.
D. The distance to the top.
37. What is true about the structure's current, official name
A. It's universally praised.
B. It's only temporary.
C. It's been copied elsewhere.
D. Its meaning is unknown.
38. According to the article, why are tickets only available for set times
A. To encourage people to stay on Vessel longer.
B. To increase the amount of income earned by Vessel.
C. To prevent Vessel from becoming too crowded.
D. To keep littering on Vessel to the absolute minimum.
39. What does the article imply about people who visit Vessel
A. Their opinions about it vary quite a bit.
B. Their primary interest lies in shopping.
C. They're all asked to pay a small entrance fee.
D. They return to it on multiple occasions.
(B)
From: Hiro Katana
To: Rachel Baines
Re: Shhh...
Date: December 10, 2025
Hi Rachel,
We have to start planning for Jan's surprise party. It's about a month away and we have barely got anything
organized! I started a list and just gave people jobs. I only included people I've talked to, and I don't know if
you've talked to anyone else.
Please feel free to add to the to-do list!!
- Venue: Wendy said she has some connections
- Date: We said January 20th Is that decided Does Marty know so he can make sure Jan is free that day
- Food: Hilary & Matt - decide on appetizers, or a sit-down meal Dessert table Or just a cake
- Entertainment: Jess - figure out whether to hire a band or a DJ Or should we just play our own music
- Ticket prices: Rachel & Hiro decide on admission price to cover costs.
- Invitations: Rachel & Hiro - figure out who to invite!!! Send out a "Save-the-Date" by December 15.
Am I missing anything else I feel like I'm forgetting something. Is it too luxury Maybe we should make an
alternate plan in case people don't want to pay to go to a birthday party.
Let me know!
Hiro
40. What can be said about Hiro
A. He's someone who has low self-respect.
B. He's someone who tries to show off.
C. He's someone who takes charge.
D. He's someone who wants to get attention.
41. Why is Hiro emailing Rachel
A. She is the co-organizer.
B. She is Jan's mother.
C. She knows a lot of people.
D. She has a lot of time.
42. What is Hiro concerned about
A. The party might not be ready in time.
B. The party is too over the top.
C. No one will be available for the party.
D. No one will help him with the party.
(C)
Doing something you're bad at can make you better at what you're good at, as well as potentially making you
good at something new. Understanding this dynamic can give you an edge in your own area of excellence, and
enhance your life generally. To be great at what you do, take a chance on failing at something else.
Trying to do something but coming up short is not fun. Take up skiing as an adult, and you will almost
certainly be frustrated as you fall down over and over. The reason why we hate being bad at things and failing is
because when goal-directed activity is blocked, that stimulates our dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, which is part
of the brain's pain system. This is the same region affected when we experience social rejection.
This kind of mental pain does, however, have an evolved benefit — creating the motivation to succeed, if not
at the activity at hand then at some other one. This motivation effect is detectable in plenty of areas, like in
business activities. As a group of psychologists reported when employees are frustrated by their relative
incompetence at one task, they tend to be motivated to show more competence for something they're already
better at. Perhaps you can relate to this finding when, pushed to perform outside your comfort zone at work, you
discovered that you had greater motivation in your regular job afterward.
The mental pain of failure can also stimulate you to become better at the activity in which you lack
competence — if you can reframe the negative experience as an indicator of personal growth. This is what
researchers found when they conducted a field experiment at an improvisation (即兴表演) club. One group of
amateur improvisers was instructed to actively seek the feeling of awkwardness. The scholars found that
compared with improvisers who were not given this instruction, the first group was more engaged in the exercise.
Instead of seeing the discomfort as something to avoid, they saw it as central to the process and accepted it.
Another helpful way to turn the discomfort of failure into a source of progress is what psychologists call
“action rumination.” It is task-focused and involves replaying the exact missteps that one made and how they
could be corrected in the future. Scholars have shown that thinking through something you have done poorly in
this intentionally corrective way can lead to learning and improvement as opposed to frustration and
embarrassment.
It is clear that although we hate to fail, doing so can be beneficial for learning a new skill and mastering an
old one. This has implications for how to improve ordinary life.
43. According to the passage, if employees feel frustrated after failing a new project, they might ______.
A. attempt to seek discomfort in other work activities
B. experience serious social rejection from colleagues
C. become more motivated to excel in their regular work
D. quit the job to avoid further frustration from new tasks
44. What is a key requirement for failure to help improve poor skills
A. Avoiding feelings of discomfort associated with failure.
B. Using the frustration to boost performance in another area.
C. Developing a strong desire to master the target skill quickly.
D. Interpreting the setback as an opportunity for self-improvement.
45. What does “action rumination” in Para. 5 most probably refer to
A. Accepting the discomfort caused by failure.
B. Seeking help from others to correct missteps.
C. Reflecting on mistakes and finding solutions.
D. Adjusting goals when facing repeated failures.
46. The author's primary purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A. argue that failure is inevitable in daily life and advise readers to avoid its mental pain
B. illustrate the positive values of failure in unfamiliar areas and persuade readers to accept it
C. compare different ways to handle failure and highlight the effectiveness of action rumination
D. analyze the psychological mechanism behind people's fear of failure and its evolutionary origin
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence
can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Since then, Studio Ghibli has turned out one film after another, most of which have received critical praise.
B. Miyazaki just focused on his works instead of others' evaluation, attitude and feelings.
C. These dark themes, however, are balanced out by stories of love, loyalty and the importance of family.
D. People around the world love Miyazaki for his magnificent hand-drawn animation.
E. As a result, Miyazaki's stories ran across lots of negative responses besides positive ones.
F. It wasn't long before others noticed his tremendous drawing skills as well as his extraordinary animation
style.
MIYAZAKI HAYAO
This Japanese treasure is considered by some to be the world's greatest animator.
When people discuss famous directors or filmmakers, names like Steven Spielberg, James Cameron and
Peter Jackson often come to mind. Miyazaki Hayao is one name that's sometimes overlooked even though he's
frequently compared to some of these men.
(47) ______
Praise for the award-winning producer, director, animator and filmmaker seems never-ending. His six-decade
career has been described as one that is "marked by genius and wonder..."
Miyazaki's 'spectacular' stories transport audiences to magical worlds with memorable characters. As
beautiful as the talented animator's stories are, there's often a dark side to them as well as they often feature war,
environmental destruction and more.
No doubt images from 1940s war-torn Japan left a lasting impression on young Miyazaki, who was born in
Tokyo in 1941. During his first few years, his family moved several times, seeking safety. The fears and feelings
of instability and danger associated with his childhood made their way into most of Miyazaki's stories.
(48) ______
An often-used character in Miyazaki's stories is that of the strong and capable heroine.
After graduating from college in 1963, Miyazaki began working as an animator at Toei Animation.
(49) ______
Throughout the 1970s, Miyazaki worked at different studios on various projects while continuing to develop
his skills.
The 1980s brought incredible success and change, which was initiated by the 1984 release of his film
Nausica of the Valley of the Wind. Its great success allowed Miyazaki and two friends to establish their own
animation studio, Studio Ghibli, and in fact, in 1985.
(50) ______
At 83 Miyazaki Hayao has considered retirement; and in fact, he's attempted to retire at least three times. But
each attempt has been followed by another masterpiece: Spirited Away (2001), The Wind Rises (2013) and The
Boy and the Heron (2023). Some have said that The Boy and the Heron, which won the 2024 Academy Award for
the best animated feature film, feels like a farewell. Yet Studio Ghibli's vice president Junichi Nishioka is doubtful,
saying Miyazaki will likely have a pencil in his hand until the very end.

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