资源简介

(共25张PPT)
Section A Grammar Focus
通过本节课的学习，同学们将能：
1. 识别并说出被动语态的结构，区分主动与被动语态的用法场景；结合“青藏铁路”主题，用被动语态描述科技与工程成就，实现语言输出。
2. 体会被动语态在科技、说明文文体中的表达功能，理解语言与文化载体的关系。
3. 通过对比主动与被动语态，培养逻辑辨析能力；通过语篇填空，训练语篇逻辑与语境推断能力。
4. 掌握被动语态的学习策略：结构梳理、语境记忆、错
题整理；在真实语境中迁移运用被动语态，提升语言
运用的灵活性。
Which country produces the best…
The best watches are produced in Switzerland.
The best cameras are produced in Japan.
Warming-up
Mike does the homework in the evening.
The homework is done by Mike in the evening.
My mother sweeps the floor every day.
The floor is swept by my mother every day.
He plays football on Sunday.
Football is played by him on Sunday.
Lucy takes good care of the cats．
The cats are taken good care of by Lucy.
Linda waters the flowers every day.
every day.
The flowers
are watered
by Linda
被动
They clean the classroom every day.
every day.
The classroom
is cleaned
by them
被动
4a
Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice.
A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses.
The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself.
Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer.
A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901.
在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，结构是“_______________”；
动作的发出者用“___________”，可省略。
be + V-p.p.
by sb.
被动不离 “be” “p.p.”, “p.p.” 前面助动be。
主谓一致莫忘记，am, is, are现在时。
助记
是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。语态有主动语态、被动语态两种。当主语为动作的执行者（发出者）时, 谓语的形式叫___________; 当主语为动作的承受者（接收者）时, 谓语的形式叫___________。
被动语态由“助动词____________”构成。与主动语态一样，被动语态也有时态、人称和数的变化，其变化只体现在be上，规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样，过去分词永远不变。
2.构成
1.概念
被动语态
主动语态
被动语态
be+过去分词
不知道动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁可不写by短语。
需要强调或突出动作的执行者时写by＋动作执行者。
English is spoken around the world.
My house was built last year.
The song is sung by Yi Yangqianxi.
肯定句
主语+be动词+动词过去分词(+by 执行者).
Tea is/was grown by people in Hangzhou.
否定句
主语+be动词+__________+动词过去分词(+by 执行者).
Tea isn’t/wasn’t grown by people in Hangzhou.
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
__________+主语+动词过去分词(+by 执行者)？
Is/Was tea grown by people in Hangzhou
______________+be动词+主语+动词过去分词(＋by执行者)？
Where is/was tea grown by people
3.句型
not
be动词
特殊疑问词
The classroom is cleaned by them every day.
一般现在时的被动语态
The telephone was invented by Bell.
Their work can be finished next week.
am/is/are+done
一般过去时的被动语态
was/were done
含情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+be done
4.时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
含有情态动词
am/is/ are ＋done
was/ were ＋done
will ＋ be done
am/ is/ are ＋being done
was/ were ＋being done
have/ has ＋been done
情态动词＋be done
4.时态
Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people.
主语 谓语动词主动语态 宾语
主语 谓语动词被动语态 介词+ 宾语
5.主动句与被动句之间的转换
记忆口诀：宾变主，主变宾，动词变为be+done，
be随主语变，by加宾可省略。
People can enjoy music from around the world on the radio.(变成被动句)
Music from around the world can be enjoyed by people on the radio.
The radio spreads news quickly.(变成被动句)
News is spread quickly by the radio.
注意：其他的成分（定语、状语）不变。
1.宾语 主语
把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。
2.主动结构 被动结构
把主动句中的谓语动词变为被动形式，即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3.by+(主动句)主语
把原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面,(注意主语是代词时要改成宾格)，如不需要则可省略
主动句与被动句之间的转换
【即时练】
一、单项选择
( ) 1. Many useful inventions ________ every day.
A. create B. are created C. created D. were created
( ) 2. The first radio message ________ across the Atlantic in 1901.
A. sent B. was sent C. is sent D. sends
( ) 3. The radio ________ by the Italian inventor Marconi many years ago.
A. invents B. is invented C. invented D. was invented
( ) 4.Students ________ not ________ to use mobile phones in class.
A. should; be allowed B. should; are allowed
C. must; be allowed D. must; are allowed
B
B
D
A
二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
1. This letter __________________ (write) by my father yesterday.
2. Many old books __________________ (keep) well in the library every day.
3. A new bridge __________________ (build) last year.
4. Air __________________ (can, clean) by trees.
5. Useful skills ____________________ (learn) by us at school every day.
6. Lots of new things __________________ (make) by workers every day.
was written
are kept
was built
can be cleaned
are learned / learnt
are made
主语是动作的_______
主语是动作的_______
说明____________的关系
被动语态的基本结构：
动词后面接_______的_______动词才有被动语态。
注意be有___________________变化
【语态】
主语和谓语
语态
主动语态
被动语态
执行者
承受者
be done
人称、数和时态
by sb 可能会隐身。
宾语
及物
4b
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. The telephone ________________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876.
2. People all over the world ________________ (connect) to each other through the internet.
3. The word “robot” ________________ (introduce) for the first time in a play in 1920.
4. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button ________________ (press) to start the machine.
5. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel ________________ (find) in Eastern Europe.
was invented
are connected
was introduced
was pressed
was found
4c
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway.
The Qinghai–Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It ________________ (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass.
The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas ________________ (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes ________________ (use) to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to ________________ (create) instead. In some other places, bridges _______________ (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and _______________ (allow) animals to pass under the tracks.
As an important and successful project, the railway has ________________ (increase) tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help _______________ (improve) transport in other similar places in the world.
connects
were needed
were used
be created
were built
allow
increased
(to) improve
Language points
suppose v. 认为；推断
原文再现：It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine.按下按钮启动机器时，它本不该发出这么大的噪声。
(1) be supposed to do sth.表示“应该做某事；按计划/规定要做某事”。
e.g. You are supposed to get up early.你应该早起。
e.g. We are not supposed to talk loudly in class.我们不应该在课堂上大声说话。
(2) be supposed to be sth.(接名词/形容词)表示“理应是······；应该是······；被认为是······”。
e.g. It was supposed to be sunny yesterday.昨天本应该是晴天的。
【对点练习】
1.Students ________ to keep quiet in the library.
A. supposed B. are supposed C. is supposed D. supposing
2.You ________ to be late for class.
A. are not supposed B. not supposed C. supposed not D. is not supposed
B
A
Exercises
一、单项选择
1. The 24th Winter Olympics ________ in Beijing in 2022.
A. is held B. was held C. will be held D. are held
2. The Great Wall ________ as a symbol of China all over the world.
A. is regarded B. was regarded C. regards D. regarded
3. The flowers ________ every day, or they will die.
A. must water B. can water C. must be watered D. should be watered
4. A new supermarket ________ in our town last year.
A. built B. is built C. was built D. will be built
5. — When ________ the computer ________ — In 1946.
A. did; invent B. was; invented C. is; invented D. does; invent
B
A
B
C
C
二、用括号内动词的正确形式填空
1. The Great Wall __________________ (visit) by millions of tourists every year.
2. The first train to Tibet __________________ (run) in 2006.
3. All the answers __________________ (must, check) carefully before you hand in your paper.
4. This song __________________ (write) by a famous singer last year.
5. The classroom windows __________________ (clean) every Friday afternoon.
6. The homework ______________________ (can not, do) in such a short time.
7. The old house __________________ (build) in 1930, but it is still in good condition.
8. These books ____________________ (should, return) to the library on time.
is visited
was run
must be checked
was written
are cleaned
can’t/can not be done
was built
should be returned
1. 用被动语态写 5 句话描述一项中国科技成就（如高铁、5G）。
2. 小组合作，制作一张 “中国伟大工程” 英文海报，包含 3-5 句被动语态句子。
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