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(共23张PPT)
Unit 8
More than a Game
第3课时
(Section A 4a-4d)
R·九年级上册
Everyone _____ excited about the school Sports Day.
Both _____ quite fast.
Either Lily or Alice _____ a possible choice.
My family _____ having dinner.
Look and fill
is
are
is
is
这些句子的主语和谓语有什么规律？
Everybody is looking forward to the 4×100 m relay. Both are quite fast.
Either Wang Yaming or Adam is a possible choice. The Winter Olympics start next month.
Neither is really suitable for me. My family also watch/watches team sports together. Read the sentences. Circle the subjects and underline the verbs. What do you notice about subject-verb agreement
4a
共性：句子中谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
主谓一致
主谓一致表示句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
一、概述
二、原则
语法一致原则
意义一致原则
就近原则
1. 语法一致原则
主语单复数决定谓语形式。
主语是单数，谓语用单数；
主语是复数，谓语用复数。
Everybody is looking forward to the 4×100 m relay.
Both are quite fast.
Neither is really suitable for me.
当主语为any, every, no, some所构成的复合代词时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Somebody is looking for you.
有人在找你。
Everyone has a chance to win.
每个人都有机会赢。
② 当主语为each, either, neither或由each, either, every,
neither 所修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Each of the answers is worth 20 points. 每题为20分。
Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。
特别提醒：
在讲话和非正式写作中，“either/neither of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词也可以用复数形式。
Neither of them has/have a car. 他们两个都没有汽车。
③ 当主语为both或由其修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Both are important to us.
两者对我们都很重要。
Both of my parents are doctors.
我的父母都是医生。
谓语动词的单复数由主语的实际意义决定。当主语为family, team, class等集体名词时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
The family now lives in Shanghai.
那家人现居上海。
All my family enjoy skiing.
我们全家都喜欢滑雪。
2. 意义一致原则
3. 就近原则
谓语动词的单复数由离它最近的主语决定，多适用于either... or..., neither...nor..., not only... but also...和there be句型等。
Either he or I am going to attend the meeting.
要么是他，要么是我去参加这次会议。
There is a pen and some books on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔和一些书。
4b
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Tennis _______ (require) strength and skill.
Both kung fu and boxing _____ (be) popular sports among young people.
Neither winning nor losing ____ (be) everything in the Olympics. It’s about doing your best.
Athletes train for years to try out for the Olympics, and each _____ (have) a unique story.
Everyone ____________ (look) forward to the opening ceremony. It is always a great event.
requires
are
is
has
looks/is looking
Neither is really suitable for me. (P75 4a)
Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics. (P75 4b)
neither / na (r); ni (r)/ conj. & pron. 两者皆非；两者都不
(1) [连词] 常用于neither...nor...结构中。
Neither wood nor plastic conducts heat like metal does.
木头和塑料都不像金属那样导热。
Language points
(2) [代词]可单独使用，也可用于neither of “两者都不”中。
“neither of +复数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可，但在正式文体中，通常用单数。
— Which colour do you like, red or blue
你喜欢哪种颜色，红色还是蓝色
— Neither. I like green. 都不喜欢。我喜欢绿色。
Neither of the answers is/are correct. 两个答案都不对。
(3) [副词]也不
用于“neither +助动词/情态动词”结构，这是一个倒装结构，
表示前面否定的情况也适用于后者。此用法中neither 也可
以用nor 来替换。
He didn’t remember and neither/nor did I.
他不记得了，我也不记得。
I can’t understand a word of it and neither/nor can she.
我一个字都弄不懂，她也没懂。
Neither Jane nor I am going to that company.
我和简都不打算去那家公司。
Neither is really suitable for me. (P75 4a)
Neither winning nor losing is everything in the Olympics. (P75 4b)
neither ... nor ... 既不······也不······　
(1)用来连接两个并列成分，表示否定含义。
Mr White spoke neither English nor German.
怀特先生既不会说英语也不会说德语。
与I保持一致
(2)当其连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”,
即与最靠近谓语动词的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
Athletes train for years to try out for the Olympics... (教材P75 4b)
try out 参加选拔；试用　
(1)参加选拔。常与介词for连用。
Why don’t you try out for the basketball team
你为什么不去参加篮球队的选拔呢？
(2)试用；测试；试验
They’re trying out a new presenter for the show.
他们正在为这个节目试用一名新的主持人。
4c
Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Hey, do you know what “sport climbing” is It (1) ___(be) one of the newest sports in the Olympic Games.
Really Tell me more about it.
Sure. It (2) ______ (come) from traditional rock climbing and is divided into three different types: speed climbing, bouldering, and lead climbing.
I see. What (3) ______ (be) the rules
Ann:
Jim:
Ann:
Jim:
is
comes
are
Well, each type (4) ______ (be) different. In bouldering, there (5)______ (be) no safety ropes. But in lead climbing, athletes (6) ______ (wear) ropes. In speed climbing, climbers (7) ______ (have) to compete against the clock.
Oh, I see. Each event (8) ______ (sound) difficult to me.
Yes, they all (9) ________ (require) a lot of training.
Ann:
Jim:
Ann:
is
are
wear
have
sounds
require
In speed climbing, climbers have to compete against the clock.
compete /k m pi t/ v.参加比赛；竞争
(1) [不及物动词]参加比赛 常与介词in连用。
How many runners will be competing in the race
会有多少名赛跑运动员参加这场比赛
(2) [不及物动词]竞争，对抗
She loved to compete against boys who were fast and strong.
她喜欢和速度快且强壮的男孩竞争。
They’re competing for the job. 他们在为那份工作竞争。
compete with/against 和……竞争
compete for 为……竞争
compete
v.竞争；参加比赛
competition
n.竞争；比赛
competitor
n.竞争者；对手
The competitors come from all over the country. They compete with each other in the competitive competition.
参赛者来自全国各地，他们在这场竞技性的比赛中互相竞争。
(3)词形拓展
competitive
adj.竞争的；有竞争力的
4d
Discuss what sports you would like to add to the Olympic sports list. Then make a report to the class.
Both/All of us agree/think...
Our group think/thinks...
Everyone/Nobody in the group...
Neither/None of us...
A sample
Our group would like to add Chinese kung fu to the Olympic sports list. All of us agree that kung fu is very interesting. Everyone in the group says kung fu has a long history. None of us thinks it is difficult to learn. We hope kung fu will be in the Olympic Games one day.
运用主谓一致原则，写 3-5 个句子，描述你们学校运动会的场景或大家观看奥运会的感受。要求正确使用以下结构：
everybody / both / neither...nor... / either...or...
完成本课时课后练习。
Homework

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