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北京市大峪中学2026-2027学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题
一、选词填空-句子：本大题共1小题，共7分。
1.
contribution, comfortable, prefer, complain, endanger, drop out, associate with
(1) Decorating houses is largely a matter of personal .
(2) People living in big cities because traffic in the area has increased and there are not enough parking places.
(3) When my family were busily preparing dinner, my grandpa was sitting in the sofa watching TV.
(4) People taking part in the running competition got smaller as members moved away or .
(5) Many volunteers set up some organizations to preserve species from extinction.
(6) I a few of my middle school friends a lot when I was in college.
(7) The great scientist most of his time to the medical career during the his whole life.
二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Your sleep position can determine a lot about your health, and can also affect your health in different ways.
It s difficult to control what sleep position we naturally fall into, as our body will subconsciously fall into the most comfortable position. However, some positions are better for you than others, and some could actually hinder your health and wellbeing.
If you sleep on your side
More than 60 percent of people sleep on their side. This is mostly likely because it is one of the most comfortable sleep positions. Often our body naturally moves to this position, which is linked to when we were in the foetal(胎儿的) position.
Sleeping on your side offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment, which can help to prevent back pain, to reducing heartburn and snoring. Side sleeping would be particularly beneficial for older people, those who snore or have sleep apnoea(呼吸暂停), those with back pain and pregnant women.
There are a few drawbacks to sleeping on your side, however. Those with shoulder pain and those who are worried about wrinkles should refrain from side sleeping.
If you sleep on your back
Lying on your back is the second most popular sleep position and offers just as many benefits as side sleeping.
When you re sleeping on your back, your weight is evenly distributed, which helps prevent neck and back pain. Back sleeping would also be advised for those who want to keep their skin in good condition and those who suffer from neck and spinal pain.
However, back sleeping is the worst position if you snore or suffer from sleep apnoea. If you are a back sleeper, ensure you have a supportive pillow(枕头) which fits in the curve of your neck and supports your head and natural spinal curve.
If you sleep on your stomach
Sleeping on your stomach is the least common sleep position. There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.
The stomach offers the least amount of back support and can actually increase pressure on the spine which may cause pain once you wake up. Furthermore, those who sleep on their stomach will have their head facing one side, which may also cause a stiff neck upon waking.
Which sleep position is right for you
Detemining the right sleep position for yourself is personal preference. Regardless of which position you choose, make sure that you have a firm mattress and pillows. These will support the spine and neck, which is vital to prevent any pains in future.
2.According to the passage, sleeping on the side ______.
A. is the most comfortable sleep position
B. may cure people of their shoulder pain
C. reminds people of the foetal position
D. is good for those who snore
3.Those who want to keep their skin in good condition may prefer ______.
A. sleeping on their side
B. sleeping on their back
C. pressing their face into the pillow
D. having their head face one side
4.What can people learn from the passage
A. How to judge sleep quality. B. How to evaluate one s health.
C. How to develop good habits. D. How to choose sleep positions.
B
Women Who Changed Science Forever This International Women's Day, we're celebrating three women who changed the face of science forever.
Ellen Ochoa
Ellen Ochoa is an American engineer and retired astronaut. She was the first Latina woman to fly in space as part of the crew of the shuttle Discovery in 1993. Ochoa attended San Diego State University and then continued her education at Stanford. Ochoa regards her mother, whose passion for learning kept her in part-time college courses all through Ochoa's childhood, as an important influence on her career.
At the end of her flying career, Ochoa had traveled nearly 1,000 hours in space. From 2012 to 2018, Ochoa served as the director of Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, only the second woman to head up NASA's human spaceflight headquarters.
Mamie Phipps Clark
Mamie Phipps Clark was an American social psychologist (心理学家), who specialized in child development in black children. Born in Arkansas, Clark drew on her early experiences as a black child in the segregated (种族隔离的) American South to help children growing up with the same iniquities.
Clark stated at Howard University in 1934, and went on to complete a PhD in psychology. She and Kenneth, now her husband, were the first two black people to earn PhDs at Columbia. With their funding, she started the famous Doll Test, which showed the negative effects of school segregation on black children.
Anandibai Gopalrao Joshee
Anandibai Jpshee was to become India's first woman physician with a medical degree. When she was young, her father strayed (偏离) from the traditional Hindu belief that women should not receive education and encouraged her to go to school. When she was fifteen, she was determined to study medicine, a choice likely influenced by the loss of an infant son and surviving a serious illness herself. At the Woman's Medical College, Joshee studied devotedly, hoping to return to India to serve other Indian women.
She died in February 1887 at the young age of twenty-one. Despite her short life, Joshee's accomplishments were remarkable for an Indian woman, and her achievements were enough to open the door for other Indian women to quickly follow.
5.In Ochoa's idea, what influences her most in her career
A. Her part-time job in a college.
B. Her first flight in space in 1993.
C. Her mother's desire for knowledge.
D. Her experience in NASA headquarters.
6.What is Phipps Clark famous for
A. Having a PhD in psychology.
B. Fighting against racial discrimination.
C. Starting the test on the growth of children.
D. Devoting herself to the founding of equalities.
7.What do the three great women have in common
A. They specialized in similar research fields.
B. They all experienced inequality in education.
C. They were pioneers changing our belief in women.
D. They were scientists influencing our way of learning
8.Which of the following word best describes the three women
A. Dedicated. B. Modest. C. Creative. D. Caring.
C
A study published in Ageing, Neuropsychology and Cognition by researchers at the University of Birmingham found that monolingual (单语的) seniors who completed a six-month exercise programme were quicker at completing language processing tests compared to a control group — but bilinguals didn’t show similar improvement.
In the study, participants who followed a six-month home-based exercise programme were asked to complete a mix of workout plans each week. Following the experiment, the exercise groups for both monolingual and bilingual participants greatly improved their fitness levels. They were tested before and after the exercise programme on their ability to recognize target words in a spoken sentence. The monolingual participants who followed the exercise programme were 7% faster at detecting the correct words after their fitness increased, while the bilingual participants showed very few language gains.
Dr Segart, an author of the study, said: “This is the first study we know of that establishes a causal link between improving fitness and language processing, particularly with older adults. Language processing is an important and interesting area of study, as the ability to communicate plays a key role in everyone’s daily life. The results from the monolingual group provide strong evidence that increasing fitness correlates with better cognition (认知), highlighting the importance of regular exercise for healthy ageing.”
“Among bilingual participants in the study, despite seeing increases in the fitness levels within the exercise group, there was no relationship with improved scores in the language processing tests and the results were very similar to those of the control group. The finding might be explained by the lifetime patination (积淀) produced in their neural pathways thanks to the lifelong use of several languages — that is, a cognitive reserve that has already offset age-related loss. Older adults who are bilingual may enhance cognitive reserve, thus reducing the additional benefits gained from exercise,” he added.
While the study establishes a clear link between physical fitness and language processing, follow-up research is needed to explore the broader benefits of physical activity for cognitive development. Also, further research will focus on the lasting influence of exercise on cognitive health among other age groups, which may provide much better solutions to age-related language loss.
9.What happened after the participants followed an exercise programme
A. The monolinguals could identify certain words faster.
B. Both groups made great progress in language learning.
C. The bilinguals improved their speaking ability gradually.
D. The participants were quicker at finishing cognitive tests.
10.What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us
A. The value of the research.
B. The key role of communication.
C. The effect of language processing.
D. The area covered by the experiment.
11.What does the underlined word “offset” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Resulted in. B. Taken off.
C. Taken control of. D. Balanced out.
12.What will the further research most likely focus on
A. Measures to calm fear of age-related language loss.
B. The effect of exercise on teenagers’ test-taking skills.
C. Additional advantages of exercise for cognitive growth.
D. The connection between exercise and language cognition.
D
What Is A Sand Battery Generally, when one pictures a battery, one imagines the lithium battery (锂电池) in various high-tech forms. Yet in 2022, Polar Night Energy launched the world's first commercial sand battery, capable of storing 500-600℃ in heat energy for months.
With the environmental concern of mining for lithium batteries, investors and companies are looking for alternatives, and sand batteries are one of them. The concept for a sand battery is simple: storing large amounts of heat in sand or sand-like materials for later use. The advantage of sand is its ability to store large amounts of heat in a small volume, its large quantity, and its low cost.
Sand batteries serve as storage for spare wind and solar power and extra energy when demand is low. They can provide heated water as well as heated air to homes and industries that would otherwise use fossil fuels. The heat can also be changed back to electricity using a steam turbine (蒸气涡轮).
This technique dates back centuries. Ancient Egyptian homes were made of sand mixed with mud and straw that would keep the heat of the hot desert sun and then release it slowly during the cool nights. Many native Americans used mud to build houses for the same reason. They would also store heat from campfires in rocks wrapped (包裹) in leather skin and use these rocks for heating their beds at night. This ancient wisdom can now be applied to modern solutions through sand batteries.
Now, Polar Night Energy, working with the heating company Lovisan L mp , will launch a sand battery 10 times the size and capable of storing up to100megawatts hour of heat. This battery will eliminate the need for oil-based energy for the entire town of Pornainen, Finland, and keep 160 tonnes of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere annually. According to the Washington Post, more than $900 million has been invested in clean storage technologies in the past three years, a number that is expected to reach $3 trillion by 2040. This money is being directed towards various small companies that are investigating natural batteries.
There are challenges to overcome before this technology can be adopted widely. It remains to be seen whether natural batteries can be a steady source of energy. Furthermore, because it's an emerging industry, natural battery projects will need to be built from scratch, meaning only developed countries can afford to use them. Despite this, sand and other natural battery solutions are an exciting step forward towards a green future.
13.The idea of sand batteries is ________.
A. to process fossil fuels for industries
B. to change solar energy into electricity
C. to store energy in special materials as heat
D. to generate wind energy when it is necessary
14.What is the main idea of Paragraph 4
A. The advantages of sand batteries.
B. The inspiration of sand batteries.
C. The application of sand batteries.
D. The development of sand batteries.
15.What does the word "eliminate" underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean
A. Meet. B. Remove. C. Create. D. Ignore.
16.What can we learn about sand batteries
A. They are a high-tech form of lithium battery.
B. They can be widely used across the world soon.
C. They are a steady source of energy for a green future.
D. They can provide heat and power for homes or industries.
三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
We live in a culture addicted to winning. The spotlight shines brightest on the people who reach the finish line first, while those who come close slip into the shadows.
（17） The inventor who had the right idea at the wrong time. The poet whose words only mattered long after they were gone. They seldom make headlines, but their efforts change the world in ways we only notice later. The truth is that the “almosts” aren’t failures. Sometimes they push society forward more than the celebrated victims.
Nikola Tesla is remembered today as a genius (天才), but during his lifetime, he was largely overshadowed by Thomas Edison. Emily Dickinson’s case is quieter but no less surprising. （18） Only later would her simple yet powerful words change American poetry. Or take Katherine Johnson, whose math made spaceflight possible though her work went unmentioned for decades. （19）
When we honor the “almosts”, we change what success means beyond headlines. Winning becomes about the courage to try, fall, and continue. （20） Or the small business that fails, only for its owners to learn and build something more resilient (坚韧的). Even in art, those uncelebrated in their time often touch souls for future generations. The beauty of the “almost” is that it reminds us success is about daring to set out first. There’s something deeply human about the “almosts”. They remind us effort is valuable even without recognition. （21）
Their stories belong to all of us because most of us are “almosts” in some part of our lives. Few take first place. Yet we matter.
A．The truth lies in history.
B．But what about the “almosts”
C．That struggle itself has meaning.
D．Her “almost” wasn’t a failure at that time.
E．Think of the silver runner who returns stronger, inspired by that close loss.
F．These stories remind us not getting recognition doesn’t mean making no difference.
G．Nearly all her poems sat in a drawer while she lived, considered strange or unfinished.
17.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
21.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
四、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。
Take an Option
Jerry was a natural motivator. He was always in a good mood and always had something (22) to say, which really made me curious. One day I went up to ask him how he did that. "Well, life is all about (23) . It's your option how you live your life," Jerry replied.
Soon I moved to another city. Several months later, I heard that Jerry was seriously injured in the chest while skiing. (24) , he was found quickly and rushed to the hospital. After 8 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care, he was (25) from the hospital.
Later, when we met again, I asked Jerry what had (26) his mind during the accident. "As I lay in the snow, I knew I had two options: One was to live, the other was to die. I chose to live," Jerry said. "The paramedics (急救人员）were great. They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But when they (27) me into the emergency room and I saw the expressions on the faces of the doctors, I got really (28) . In their eyes, I read,'He's a dead man.' I knew I needed to take action. I told them,'Operate on me as if I'm alive, not dead.' You see, I just tried to (29) their confidence." Finally Jerry lived thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing (30) to live.
Jerry has taught me a lot. I learn from him that every day we have the choice to live fully. Your (31) , after all, is everything.
22.A. regular B. familiar C. positive D. typical
23.A. choices B. trends C. relations D. secrets
24.A. Normally B. Obviously C. Hopefully D. Luckily
25.A. preserved B. released C. distinguished D. abandoned
26.A. gone through B. put up C. turned in D. called for
27.A. forced B. followed C. wheeled D. recommended
28.A. bored B. frightened C. confused D. embarrassed
29.A. express B. share C. gain D. inspire
30.A. talent B. achievement C. desire D. evidence
31.A. attitude B. standard C. ability D. control
五、单句语法填空：本大题共8小题，共8分。
32.By the time the guests arrived at the birthday party, the whole streets (serve) delicious food for half an hour. (所给词的适当形式填空)
33.I (walk) in the street, when Jim made me a telephone call.（所给词的适当形式填空）
34.You can learn English well by (memorize) new vocabulary and reading passages.(所给词的适当形式填空)
35.Now I regret (be) rude to my parents. (所给词的适当形式填空)
36.She went to European university to study art. (用适当的词填空)
37.Dorothy was always saying some dirty words, of course made the others very angry.（用适当的词填空）
38.The film brought the hours back to me I was taken good care of in the countryside with my grandparents.（用适当的词填空）
39.Is that the reason you are not in favor of my proposal (用适当的词填空)
六、句子翻译：本大题共6小题，共7.5分。
40.这次活动旨在减少压力与紧张的影响。（aim to）（汉译英）
41.我代表学生会写信，邀请您来担任我们英语演讲比赛的评委。（on behalf of）（汉译英）
42.我们年轻人都应该为世界的未来作出贡献。（contribute to）（汉译英）
43.我花了很多时间说服他改掉抽烟的坏习惯。（convince somebody to do something）（汉译英）
44.他在学习上的努力使他和其他的学生截然不同。（set... apart from）（汉译英）
45.虽然他学习英语有很大困难，但他从未失去信心或放弃。（have difficulty in doing）（汉译英）
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。
46.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，请你写一封信给你的外教老师Jim，邀请他来参加下周五学校组织的运动会。
内容包括：
1. 运动会召开的目的、时间、地点；
2. 运动会的项目和活动内容；
3. 你的感受和收获。
注意：1．字数100左右。2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总字数。
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1.【答案】【小题1】
preference
【小题2】
are complaining
【小题3】
comfortably
【小题4】
dropped out
【小题5】
endangered
【小题6】
associated with
【小题7】
contributed
2~4.【答案】D、B、D
5~8.【答案】C、B、C、A
9~12.【答案】A、A、D、C
13~16.【答案】C、B、B、D
17~21.【答案】B、G、F、E、C
22~31.【答案】C、A、D、B、A、C、B、D、C、A
32.【答案】had served
33.【答案】was walking
34.【答案】memorizing
35.【答案】being
36.【答案】a
37.【答案】which
38.【答案】when
39.【答案】why
40.【答案】This activity aims to reduce the effects of stress and tension.
41.【答案】I’m writing on behalf of the Students’ Union to invite you to work as a judge for our English-speaking contest.
42.【答案】We young people should all contribute to the future of the world.
43.【答案】I spent a lot of time convincing him to get rid of his bad habit of smoking.
44.【答案】His efforts in study set him apart from other students.
45.【答案】Although he had great difficulty in learning English, he never lost heart or gave up.
46.【答案】例文
Dear Jim,
I’m writing to sincerely invite you to take part in our school sports meeting next Friday.
The sports meeting is held to encourage us students to build up our bodies and develop team spirit. It will take place on our school playground. There are various events, such as running races, high jump and relay races, which are designed to test students’ physical strength and teamwork. I really enjoy the sports meeting. Not only can I exercise, but I also learn to cooperate with my classmates. We would be delighted if you could come.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
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