资源简介

Unit 4　History and Traditions
读后续写高分进阶
教材语料积累
词 汇 【情感描写】 be puzzled about 对……感到困惑　fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的; 迷人的　generous adj. 慷慨的; 大方的; 丰富的　eager adj. 热切的; 渴望的　striking adj. 引人注目的; 显著的
【动作描写】 approach vi. 靠近　break away (from sb. /sth. ) 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱　be surrounded by被……围绕　keep your eyes open (for) 留心; 留意
美 句 1. 【主题句】 If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. (P41)用心去观察, 英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前, 令你叹为观止。 2. 【景色描写】 Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. (P44)美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感, 满足各种感官享受。 3. 【景色描写】 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. (P44)“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美, 郡县草木葱茏, 青山连绵起伏, 牛羊点缀其中, 堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。 4. 【景色描写】 On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. (P44)在山区一个宁静的早晨, 你可以感受到阳光照在你的皮肤上, 呼吸着鲜花的芬芳, 鸟儿用早晨的歌声来迎接新的一天。
拓展语料储备(读后续写之环境描写)
词 汇 be bathed in沐浴在……　pleasant smell of flowers沁人心脾的花香　wind one’s way蜿蜒前行　flood into涌入　filter through透过　rough seas风大浪急的海面　sweep across席卷, 横扫　blow through吹过　die away(风)逐渐变小　pick up(风力)抬升　beat/flap against拍打　pour down倾盆而下　be caught in the rain被雨淋　a heavy downpour大暴雨　feathery snowflakes羽毛般的雪花　dance in the night air在夜空中飞舞　be struck by heavy snow被暴雪袭击
美 句 1. The sea was still quiet as if it had fallen asleep, without wind or waves. 海还是安安静静的, 好像睡着了一样, 没有风, 也没有浪。 2. The sun shone through a break in the clouds. 阳光透过云层的缝隙照下来。 3. The golden sun bathed the landscape in a warm glow, as if painting the world with hues of hope and joy. 金色的太阳用温暖的光辉沐浴着大地, 仿佛用希望和欢乐的色彩描绘着世界。 4. We were having a picnic, when suddenly there came a downpour. 我们正在野餐, 这时忽然大雨倾盆。 5. The forest was a sea of green, filled with the whispers of leaves and the songs of birds. 森林是一片绿色的海洋, 充满了树叶的低语和鸟儿的歌声。 6. The air was cool and crisp, the scent of pine trees lingering in the stillness. 空气凉爽而清新, 松树的气息在宁静中弥漫。 7. The sun rose slowly over the horizon, painting the sky with shades of orange and gold. 太阳缓缓升起, 地平线上染上了橙色和金色的余晖。 8. The sun broke through the clouds, sending a warm glow over the landscape. 阳光穿透云层, 为景色带来温暖的光辉。
续写实践运用(结合所给语料完成短文)
　　情境提示: 随着我们靠近群山围绕的宿营地, 我们难以抑制心中的兴奋。到达宿营地, 妈妈就立即打开车门, 冲了出去, 热切地催促我们搭帐篷。
　　As we 1. approached the camping site surrounded by mountains(靠近群山围绕的宿营地), we had difficulty containing our excitement. On reaching it, my mom opened the door immediately, 2. charged outside and eagerly urged us(冲了出去, 热切地催促我们)to put up the tent. 3. The surrounding fascinating landscape(周围迷人的风景)was a true feast for our eyes, 4. with its rolling green trees(绿树连绵起伏) dotted with various wild flowers.
5. The golden sun bathed the landscape in a warm glow(金色的太阳用温暖的光辉沐浴着大地). The forest 6. was filled with the whispers of leaves and the songs of birds(充满了树叶的低语和鸟儿的歌声). My family chatted comfortably, sweet memories of the past 7. flooding our hearts(涌上我们心头).Unit 4　History and Traditions
Part 3　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
必备知识 自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. bread with butter and honey　奶油蜂蜜面包
2. the roar of the ocean 咆哮的大海
3. the sweet scent of fresh flowers 鲜花芬芳的气味
4. a village pub 乡村酒吧
5. a glass of wine 一杯葡萄酒
6. a local beer 一种当地的啤酒
7. get our car battery charged给我们的汽车电池充电
8. the amount of noise 噪音量
9. the National Gallery 国家美术馆
10. hard to approach the painting 难以靠近画作
11. ensure your safety 确保你的安全
12. beautiful natural landscape 美丽的自然风景
13. the family’s ancestors 家族的祖先
14. a senior position 一个高级职位
15. in the courtyard 在院子里
16. some of the snacks there 那里的一些零食
17. many green counties 很多草木葱茏的郡县
18. a true feast for the eyes 真正的视觉盛宴
19. rolling green hills 连绵起伏的青山
20. Chinese traditions and customs
中国传统和风俗
21. a striking image 一幅引人注目的画面
22. a smooth transition 平稳过渡
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. announce vt. 宣布; 通知; 声称→ announcement n. 宣布, 公告→announcer n. 播音员, 广播员
2. generous adj. 慷慨的; 大方的; 丰富的→generosity n. 慷慨; 大方
3. eager adj. 热切的; 渴望的→eagerly adv. 渴望地; 热切地→eagerness n. 渴望
4. poet n. 诗人→poem n. 诗; 韵文→poetry n. 诗歌(总称)
5. greet vt. 问候; 迎接→ greeting(s) n. 招呼; 问候
6. sensory adj. 感觉的; 感官的→sense n. 感觉; 感官→sensitive adj. 敏感的
7. crowd n. 人群; 一群人; 民众vt. 挤满; 使……拥挤→crowded adj. 拥挤的
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. fix one’s eyes on　　　　　集中注意力于
2. have an influence on 对……有影响
3. have a long history 有悠久历史
4. be dotted with 点缀着
5. make up 构成; 组成
6. introduce oneself 自我介绍
7. be likely to 可能
8. be eager to do sth. 想要做某事
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. (动词-ing形式作结果状语)
美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感, 满足各种感官享受。
2. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. (it +be+adj. +that从句)
有了这般美景, 爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的浓厚传统也就不足为奇了。
3. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. (不定式作目的状语)
要想体验这一切, 可以去一家乡村酒吧, 喝一杯葡萄酒或本地的啤酒, 放松身心。
4. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand. (be likely to do sth. 可能做某事)
向友善的当地人做个自我介绍, 你定能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。
要点精讲 核心突破
【核心单词】
1. charge n. 收费; 指控; 主管 vt. 收费; 控告; 充电
(教材原句)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged.
我和朱迪把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场, 在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。
(2026·全国二卷)Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car.
他们全然不知, 就在他们这么做的时候, 一股能量会输送至路面, 为电动汽车充电。
【精要必记】
(1)in charge (of. . . )　主管/看管/负责(……)
take charge of. . . 负责/看管……
in the charge of. . . =in one’s charge 在……的掌管之下
free of charge 免费
(2)charge (sb. ) for sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控某人(做)某事
charge the battery 给电池充电
lead the charge 打头阵, 带头
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2023·全国甲卷)So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges(charge) when I’ve moved out.
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I am Li Hua, a student in charge of the program “Talk and Talk” launched in the school broadcasting station.
③Ribeiro charges 35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.
④If your card has been lost, a fee of ￡5 is charged(charge) for the production of a replacement card.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之情感描写)老板免了我的咖啡钱, 我顿时感到一阵感动和喜悦涌上心头。
The boss gave me the coffee free of charge. I suddenly felt a surge of emotion and joy rising in my heart.
②(应用文之人物介绍)我的语文老师负责班级的管理工作, 她已经教了十五年书了。
My Chinese teacher, who has been teaching for fifteen years, takes charge of the class management.
2. announce vt. 宣布; 通知; 声称
(教材原句)When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.
当我们最终到达服务台索要语音导览机的时候, 我们听到了语音导览机已被领取完的通知。
(读后续写之情节描写)After one week, the results were announced. Sara got first place in the exam while Vivian failed.
一周后, 考试结果公布了。萨拉考试得了第一名, 而薇薇安却不及格。
【精要必记】
(1)announce sth. to sb. 　　 向某人宣告某事
announce that. . . 宣布……
It is announced that. . . 据宣布……
(2)announcement n. 通告; 宣告
make an announcement 宣布
(3)announcer n. 广播员; 播音员
知识宽一度
　　announce的宾语只能是sth. 或that从句, 不能加双宾语, “向某人宣布某事或通知某人某事”应用announce sth. to sb.
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)It was announced that my train would arrive in ten minutes.
②He was shocked by the announcement(announce).
③My dream is to become an announcer (announce) in the next semester, which would allow me to share the students’ writing and my favourite articles.
④(2024·浙江1月高考)In her first P. E. class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced(announce) that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之通知)据宣布, 我校秋季运动会将于10月15日至17日在学校体育场举行。
It is announced that the autumn sports meeting of our school will be held in the school stadium from October 15th to 17th.
②(读后续写之场景描写)然而, 当莉莉获得绘画比赛一等奖的结果公布时, 教室里的学生们爆发出热烈的欢呼声。
When the result was announced that Lily won the first prize in the painting competition, however, the students in the classroom burst into enthusiastic cheers.
3. amount n. 金额; 数量　v. 总计; 合计
(教材原句)We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.
(英国)国家美术馆入口处聚集了大批游客, 人声鼎沸让我们感到非常惊讶。
(经典例句)A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with a large amount of benefit.
滴水之恩当涌泉相报。
【精要必记】
(1)a large amount of/large amounts of 大量的
in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地
(2)amount to 总计; 总共达到; 等于, 相当于
知识宽一度
　　a large amount of+不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数, large amounts of+不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用复数。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)A large amount of research confirms this finding.
②It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之倡议书)为了减少校园垃圾, 我们应该减少一次性用品的使用来降低垃圾的总量。
To reduce campus waste, we should use fewer disposable products in order that we can reduce the amount of garbage.
②(应用文之建议信)为了保持健康, 每天摄入适量的蔬菜和水果是很有必要的。
In order to keep healthy, it is necessary to eat a proper amount of vegetables and fruits every day.
4. approach n. 方法; 途径; 接近vt. 接近; 接洽; 着手处理 vi. 靠近
　(教材原句)It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.
周围有那么多人, 很难接近这幅画。
(应用文之邀请信)With the Mid-Autumn Festival approaching, I’d like to invite you to join us in celebrating it.
中秋节快到了, 我想邀请你和我们一起庆祝。
【精要必记】
(1)approach sb. /sth. 　　靠近/接近某人/某物
(2)(an) approach to (doing) sth. 接近, 近似; (做)某事的方法(途径)
at the approach of　　　　在……快到的时候
(3)approach the problem 处理问题
(4)with spring approaching=as spring approaches 随着春天来临
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·北京高考)With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach to morality made good sense.
②All the approaches(approach)to the small town were destroyed in the heavy rain.
③(2025·浙江1月高考)A novel design approach to gardening (garden)has been gaining in popularity worldwide.
④At the approach of winter, the weather gets colder and colder.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之建议信)阅读英文报纸也是提升英语阅读能力的一个好方法。
Reading English newspapers is also a good approach to improving English reading ability.
②(读后续写之动作描写)她满怀期待地朝舞台走去。
She approached the stage, full of expectation.
5. eager adj. 热切的; 渴望的
(经典例句)Kate was in a hurry to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience.
凯特急切地想长大, 渴望获得知识和经验。
(读后续写之神态描写)As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and happiest smile. I wanted to make them know that I was really eager to help them.
当他们朝我的方向走来时, 我露出最灿烂、最快乐的微笑。我想让他们知道我真的很想帮助他们。
As she was leaving she was eager to say goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
当她要离开的时候, 她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。
【精要必记】
(1)be eager for. . . 　渴望……
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)eagerly adv. 急切地; 渴望地; 热心地
eagerness n. 渴望; 热心
知识宽一度
be eager for=long for=desire for渴望……
be eager to do sth. =long to do sth. =desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①When my little sister was eager for new toys, I would save money to buy them for her.
②Most parents will have eagerly(eager) asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by “I’m hungry”.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之推荐信)我知道你渴望了解中国传统节日, 我写信给你推荐一本相关书籍。
Knowing that you’re eager to learn about traditional Chinese festivals, I’m writing to recommend a relevant book to you.
②当这个女孩被问及是否想去参观故宫时, 她无法掩饰她的渴望。
When asked whether she wanted to visit the Palace Museum, the girl couldn’t hide her eagerness.
6. crowd n. 人群; 一群人; 民众 vt. 挤满; 使……拥挤
(读后续写之动作描写)She pushed her way through the crowd.
她在人群中往前挤。
(读后续写之人物描写)Mother’s advice as well as her desire to realize her dream suddenly crowded into her mind.
母亲的叮嘱以及她对实现梦想的渴望突然涌进了她的脑海。
The trail is often crowded with people.
这条小路上经常挤满了人。
【精要必记】
(1)a crowd of 　　　　　一大群; 许多的
the crowd 人群
(2)crowd into 涌入; 挤入
(3)crowded adj. 拥挤的; 塞满的
be crowded with 挤满了; 充满
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2026·浙江1月高考改编)The man prefers shopping at Brown’s because it’s less crowded (crowd).
②(2025·八省联考)Nevertheless, I wondered if I should rush back to my hotel instead of walking through that crowd of bikers.
写作·提升 完成句子
(读后续写之场景描写)看到那张泛黄的旧照片, 童年的回忆以及奶奶温暖的笑容突然涌进了他的脑海。
Looking at the yellowed old photo, childhood memories as well as grandma’s warm smile suddenly crowded into his mind.
7. generous adj. 慷慨的; 大方的; 丰富的
(教材原句)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.
卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭, 他们为他们提供了自制的黄油和蜂蜜面包。
(应用文之介绍信)The city’s folk customs are simple and the citizens are known for their warmth and generosity.
该城市的民风淳朴, 市民热情而大方。
(应用文之人物介绍)She was always generous with her time, volunteering at the local shelter every weekend. 她总是慷慨地付出时间, 每个周末都自愿在当地的收容所工作。
【精要必记】
(1)be generous to/towards sb. 对某人宽宏大量　
be generous with 用/对……很大方
It is generous of sb. to do sth. 做某事某人很慷慨
(2)generously adv. 慷慨地; 宽大地
generosity n. 慷慨; 大方; 宽宏大量
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①As news of his generosity (generous) spread, more people were willing to donate money to the poor.
②She generously (generous) shared her books and notes with her classmates before the exam.
③The old man is always generous to/towards the children in the neighborhood.
④It is generous of you to give away so much money to the charity.
写作·提升 完成句子
我在你家度过了一段美好的时光, 我想对你的慷慨和热情表达衷心的感谢。
I had a wonderful time at your home and I would like to express my sincere thanks for your generosity and warmth.
【短语和句型】
8. It +be+adj. +that. . .
(教材原句)With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining.
有了这般美景, 爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的浓厚传统也就不足为奇了。
【句型解构】
(1)本句是“It+be+adj. +that. . . ”句型。It作形式主语, 真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
(2)当形容词为necessary, essential, clear, true, strange, important, possible时, that从句要用虚拟语气, 即should+动词原形, should可以省略。
*It is strange that he should leave without a word.
真奇怪, 他竟然没说一句话就离开了。
知识宽一度
it作形式主语的常见句型
①It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句
这类过去分词有: announced, believed, expected等。
②It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句
这类名词词组有: a fact, a pity, a shame等。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Today it is obvious that more and more people prefer online shopping.
②It is said (say) that the ancient city has a history of over 2, 000 years.
③It is a pity that you can’t stay longer.
④It is suggested that the plan be carried out (carry out) as soon as possible.
写作·提升 翻译句子
①我们错过了这次难得的学习机会, 真是太遗憾了。
It is a pity that we missed such a valuable learning chance.
②我们如何在有限的时间内提高英语水平仍然是个问题。
It remains a question how we can improve our English in limited time.
③他能在这么短的时间内取得巨大进步, 真是令人惊讶。
It is amazing that he has made such great progress in such a short time.
【要点拾遗】
1. roll vi. &vt. (使) 翻滚; (使)滚动 n. 卷(轴); 翻滚
(经典例句)“Look out! ” somebody shouted, as the truck started to roll toward the sea.
卡车开始滚向大海时, 有人大喊: “小心! ”
(读后续写之心理描写)“Oh no! My snowman fell apart! ” Jack cried, tears of sadness rolling down his face.
“哦, 不! 我的雪人碎了! ”杰克哭了, 悲伤的泪水顺着他的脸滚落下来。
【精要必记】
(1)roll in/into　　　大量涌入, 姗姗来迟
roll down 滚下; 摇下
(2)rolling adj. 波动的; 起伏的
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station.
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)At my words, with tears rolling down his cheeks, David turned to me and firmly expressed his determination to finish the cross-country run.
③The rolling (roll) sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.
写作·提升 完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)我们俩笑到眼泪顺着脸颊滚落。
The two of us laughed until tears rolled down our cheeks.
2. greet vt. 问候; 迎接
(教材原句)On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
在山区一个宁静的早晨, 你可以感受到阳光照在你的皮肤上, 呼吸着鲜花的芬芳, 鸟儿用早晨的歌声来迎接新的一天。
【精要必记】
(1)greet sb. with. . . 用……迎接某人/向某人打招呼
(2)greeting n. (常用复数形式)问候; 祝贺; 贺辞
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①The movie star was greeted with cheers from his fans.
②They exchanged greetings(greet) and sat down to lunch.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之场景描写)当她打开门时, 一片混乱不堪的景象呈现在她的眼前。
When she opened the door, she was greeted by a scene of utter confusion.
②多年分离后, 他们以一个热情的拥抱互相问候。
They greeted each other with a warm hug after years of separation.
3. with 复合结构
(教材原句)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美, 郡县草木葱茏, 青山连绵起伏, 牛羊点缀其中, 堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
【句型解构】
　　with复合结构由“with+宾语+宾语补足语”组成, 常在句中作状语, 表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等, 也可作定语。其构成有下列几种情形:
with+名词(或代词)+
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms, with tears of shame and embarrassment welling(well) up in his eyes.
②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)With a broad smile spreading(spread) on his face, he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance.
③With so much work to do(do), I was so anxious that I had trouble sleeping.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之神态描写)完成了所有的准备工作, 他高兴地跳了起来, 眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
With all the preparations made, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement.
②由于他们仍旧气喘吁吁、心跳飞快, 他们相信刚刚所发生的事是真的。
As they were still breathless, with their hearts beating wildly, they were convinced that what had happened just now was true.
【词汇要点微练】
Ⅰ. 一词多义
1. charge
A. n. 冲锋　　B. vi. 向……方向冲去
C. vt. 指控, 控告(某人的罪行)
(1)(2023·全国甲卷)Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 　A　
(2)The bull got angry and charged at the matador (斗牛士). 　B　
(3)She was charged with breaking the traffic rules. 　C　
2. approach
A. v. 处理　B. v. 靠近
(1)(2025·八省联考)But, as she approached the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground. 　B　
(2)Scientists are approaching the research from a new angle. 　A　
Ⅱ. 熟词生义
1. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The wind picked up and thunder rolled. v. 发出隆隆声
2. When Brown approached me about the job, my first reaction was of disbelief. vt. 接洽
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.
由于该系统是自动化的, 它大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。
2. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫, 对泥土感到厌烦, 但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.
1907年3月7日, 英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿发表了一篇论文, 阐述了后来被称为“群体智慧”的效应。
4. (2022·全国甲卷)As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(小巴布亚企鹅) longing to say hello.
当Ginni Bazlinton到达南极洲时, 她发现自己受到了一群渴望打招呼的小巴布亚企鹅的欢迎。
5. (2024·全国甲卷)Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
我们大多数人都需要把食量增加一倍。
读写结合 思维构建
描述喜欢的地方(Describe a place that you like)
【文本研读】
Task 1 文本概览·厘清结构
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Point one The importance of Ireland’s beautiful countryside
Point two Introduction of the beautiful countryside Peaceful landscape
Green (1)counties
The roar of the ocean
The quiet (2)morning
Point three Ways to experience its beauty Enjoy local food
Enjoy (3)traditional music and dancing
Make (4)friends with the natives
2. What’s the passage mainly about
The passage is mainly about the beautiful scenery and its traditions of Ireland.
Task 2 佳句品味·语言表达
描写自然景色:
1. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
2. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
3. On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
【写作指导】
1. 题型解读
　　景点介绍属于说明文。写作时要注意厘清与写作主题有关的地理位置、人口、面积、气候等内容。文章结构分为三层, 开头部分引出所需介绍的内容; 正文详细描述所需介绍的景点的特色; 结束部分表达出美好的祝愿。
2. 篇章结构
【语料积累】
1. 话题词汇
(1)lie in/be located in　　　坐落于
(2)pay a visit to 参观
(3)have/cover an area of 占……的面积
(4)with the beautiful scenery and fresh air 有着美丽的风景和新鲜的空气
(5)date from/back to 起源于/追溯到
(6)be well-known/famous for/as 因为/作为……而出名
(7)enjoy a delicious snack 享受一种美味的小吃
(8)experience local culture and customs 体验当地的文化和风俗习惯
(9)enjoy/appreciate natural scenery 欣赏自然景色
2. 话题句式
(1)段首句
①I am more than delighted to know that you are going to pay a visit to China.
得知你要来中国参观, 我非常高兴。
②I am writing to express my warm welcome and strongly recommend that you pay a visit to Xi’an.
我正在写信表示我的热烈欢迎并且强烈推荐你去西安。
(2)主体段落句
①As far as I’m concerned, Xi’an is a good choice.
就我而言, 西安是一个好的选择。
②First, as a world-famous scenic spot, the Great Wall attracts millions of travelers every day.
首先, 作为一个世界闻名的景点, 长城每天吸引了数百万游客。
③As you enter the Forbidden City, you may be amazed at the grand halls and marvelous architecture rich in historical and cultural meaning.
当你进入紫禁城, 看到宏伟的大厅和富有历史和文化内涵的奇妙的建筑的时候, 你会非常震惊。
(3)段尾句
①Hope you’ll have a good time in China.
希望你在中国玩得愉快。
②I am sure that you will be amazed by the beautiful landscape here.
我相信你会对这里美丽的风景感到惊奇的。
【实践应用】
　　假如你是李华, 你的英国笔友Tom对中国的城市很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件, 介绍你最喜欢的中国城市。
　　注意:
　　1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
　　2. 内容包括: 城市名称、你喜欢它的原因(如历史、美食、风景等);
　　3. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
【写作思维流程】
Step 1: 谋篇布局
Step 2: 遣词造句
1. 北京是中国的首都, 是一座美丽的城市。
Beijing is the capital of China and a beautiful city.
2. 它的总面积约为16 410平方千米。
It has a total area of about 16, 410 square kilometers.
3. 它的人口超过2 100万。( a population of )
It has a population of over 21 million.
4. 这座城市有超过3 000年的悠久历史。
The city has a long history of over 3, 000 years.
5. 历史上曾是多个朝代的都城, 例如元朝、明朝和清朝。
In history, it was the capital of several dynasties, like the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
6. 它有很多的名胜古迹, 像故宫、长城和颐和园, 吸引了国内外大量的游客。
There are many famous places of interest, like the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and the Summer Palace, which attract a large number of tourists from home and abroad.
7. 我喜欢北京, 不仅因为它丰富的历史, 还因为它的美食, 比如北京烤鸭。
I love Beijing not only for its rich history, but also for its delicious food, like Peking duck.
8. 我希望有一天你能来北京参观。
I hope you can visit Beijing one day.
Step 3: 句式升级
9. 用with短语合并句1和句2。
Beijing is the capital of China and a beautiful city, with a total area of about 16, 410 square kilometers.
10. 用定语从句合并句4和句5。
The city has a long history of over 3, 000 years, during which it was the capital of several dynasties, like the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
Step 4: 完美成篇
Dear Tom,
　　I’m glad to hear you’re interested in Chinese cities. Let me introduce my favorite city, Beijing, to you.
　　Beijing is the capital of China and a beautiful city, with a total area of about 16, 410 square kilometers and a population of over 21 million. The city has a long history of over 3, 000 years, during which it was the capital of several dynasties, like the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. There are many famous places of interest, like the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and the Summer Palace, which attract a large number of tourists from home and abroad. I love Beijing not only for its rich history, but also for its delicious food, like Peking duck.
　　I hope you can visit Beijing one day. I’m sure you’ll have a wonderful time here.
Yours,
Li HuaUnit 4　History and Traditions
[主题语境：人与社会之历史、社会与文化]
【引言解读】
A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots. —Marcus Garvey
[释义]Only if people know about their history, they will learn from the past and will be able to develop and progress well into the future.
[译文]一个不了解自己的历史、起源和文化的民族, 就如同一棵无根之树。 ——马库斯·加维
Part 1　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
必备知识 自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. two chief advantages　　　两个主要优势
2. an ancient port city 一座古老的港口城市
3. the United Kingdom 联合王国
4. Confucian philosophy 儒家哲学
5. individual word 单个单词
6. the nearby country 附近的国家
7. share the same currency 共用同样的货币
8. military training 军训
9. conquer England 征服英格兰
10. the well-known Battle of Hastings
著名的黑斯廷斯战役
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. philosophy n. 哲学→philosophical adj. 哲学的→philosopher n. 哲学家
2. individual adj. 单独的; 个别的 n. 个人→individually adv. 分别地, 单独地
3. puzzle n. 谜; 智力游戏; 疑问vt. 迷惑; 使困惑→puzzled adj. 困惑的, 茫然的→ puzzling adj. 令人困惑的
4. belong vi. 应在(某处); 适应→belongings n. 财产, 所有物
5. defend vt. 保护; 保卫→ defence n. 防御; 保卫
6. legal adj. 法律的; 合法的→legally adv. 合法地→illegal adj. 不合法的; 非法的
7. surround vt. 围绕; 包围→ surrounding adj. 周围的; 附近的→surroundings n. 环境
8. evident adj. 明显的; 明白的→ evidence n. 证据; 证明
9. achieve v. 完成; 实现→ achievement n. 成就; 成绩; 达到
10. locate v. 定位; 确定……的地点→location n. 地方; 地点; 位置
11. fascinate vt. 迷住; 使着迷→ fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的; 迷人的→ fascinated adj. 入迷的→ fascination n. 魅力; 入迷
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. join. . . to. . . 　　　　　　把……和……连接或联结起来
2. break away (from sb. /sth. ) 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱
3. belong to 属于
4. as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还
5. keep your eyes open (for) 留心; 留意
6. be surrounded by 被……包围
7. result in 导致
8. refer to 提到; 涉及
9. work together 合作
10. take over 接管
11. leave behind 留下
12. date back to 追溯到
13. be confused by 被……搞糊涂
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. So what is the difference between them, if any (状语从句的省略)
那么, 如果它们(这些名称)有区别的话, 区别何在
2. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses. (the way后的定语从句)
他们引入了英语的雏形, 并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
3. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. (have+宾语+宾语补足语)
他们在英格兰四处修建城堡, 并改革了法律制度。
语篇精读 互动探究
Task 1 宏观建构·把握文脉
1. Skim the text and fill in the blanks.
2. What’s the main idea of the text
This text is mainly about the history of the United Kingdom.
Task 2 微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. When was the Kingdom of Great Britain created
A. In the 16th century. 　 B. In the 18th century.
C. In the 19th century. D. In the 20th century.
2. What is the main idea of the passage
A. To introduce the different names of the UK and its history and culture.
B. To explain the origin of the Union Jack.
C. To describe the achievements of different groups in the UK.
D. To tell the differences between the four countries in the UK.
3. What can we infer from the passage
A. The UK will soon break up into four separate countries.
B. The education systems in the four countries will become the same.
C. The history of the UK has a great influence on its present.
D. London is the only place in the UK with historic sites.
4. What is different in the four countries of the UK
A. The flag.
B. The currency.
C. The military defence.
D. The education system.
5. What does the word “conquered” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Left. 　　　　　　　B. Defeated.
C. Helped. 　　 D. Built.
答案: 1~5. BACDB
Task 3 长句难句·释疑解难
[自主翻译]最后, 在二十世纪时, 爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国, 形成了今天的英国全称: 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
[自主翻译]以首都伦敦为第一站, 是个不错的选择。因为伦敦是一个古老的港口城市, 其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。
[自主翻译]用心去观察, 英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前, 令你叹为观止。
Task 4 语篇总结·主题深化
　　Many people are confused 1. about the meaning of the names: the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain and England. To solve this puzzle, 2. knowing(know) a little bit about British history will help.
　　In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales 3. was joined(join) to the Kingdom of England, followed by the country Scotland in the 18th century. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 4. Finally (final), in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away 5. from the UK, resulting in the full name we have today: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to 6. as Britain or Great Britain.
　　Even though the four countries 7. belonging (belong) to the United Kingdom work together in some areas, such as using the same flag, sharing the same currency and military 8. defence (defend), they also have some differences. Anyhow, the United Kingdom has a long and interesting history 9. to explore(explore), which can help you understand much more about the country and 10. its (it) traditions.
要点精讲 核心突破
【核心单词】
1. puzzle n. 谜; 智力游戏; 疑问 vt. 迷惑; 使困惑
(教材原句)Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
稍微了解一下英国历史将有助于你解决这个谜题。
【精要必记】
(1)be a puzzle to sb. 对某人来说是个谜
puzzle over 苦苦思索; 仔细琢磨
(2)puzzled adj. 困惑的; 迷惑的
puzzling adj. 令人困惑的, 令人迷惑的
puzzlement n. 困惑, 迷惘
知识宽一度
动词-ed形式结尾的形容词用法
　　动词-ed形式结尾的形容词可以用来描述人的心理活动, 还可以用来修饰一些名词, 如look, voice, smile, expression, face等。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①She wore a puzzled expression on her face because she was puzzled about a puzzling problem. (puzzle)
②She asked her grandfather, with a puzzled(puzzle) frown on her face.
③When I came back, I found my classmates staring at me. I looked at all six faces in puzzlement(puzzle).
写作·提升 完成句子
(读后续写之神态描写)他站在窗边, 非常困惑。
He stood beside the window, very puzzled.
2. belong vi. 应在(某处); 适应
(教材原句)The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
如果你计划在健身房锻炼, 那个人必须属于同一个健身房。
【精要必记】
(1)belong to 属于; 是……的一员、成员
(2)a sense of belonging 归属感
(3)belongings n. 财产; 所有物; 财物
【知识深一度】
belong to用法注意事项
　　belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态, 可用非谓语动词-ing形式作后置定语。
知识宽一度
不能用于进行时态和被动语态的短语
①date back to/date from追溯到　②consist of包括　③take place发生　④originate from起源于
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①It is important to develop a sense of belonging(belong) to our school.
②All the workers belonging(belong) to the factory must obey the rule.
③(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the belongings(belong) that share our small space.
写作·提升 一句多译/完成句子
①李明家的这所房子可追溯到清朝早期。
→The house, which belongs to Li Ming’s family, dates back to the early Qing Dynasty. (定语从句)
→The house belonging to Li Ming’s family dates back to the early Qing Dynasty. (分词短语)
②未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。
The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.
3. defence n. 防御; 保卫
(读后续写之动作描写)He stepped forward looking angry and clenched his fists as if in defence.
他走上前, 看上去很愤怒, 攥紧拳头, 好像是在自卫。
(应用文之倡议书)Wearing masks and washing hands frequently can help defend ourselves against viruses.
佩戴口罩和勤洗手有助于保护我们免受病毒侵害。
【精要必记】
(1)in defence (of. . . ) 　为保卫……
in one’s defence　 为某人辩护
come to one’s defence 站出来为某人辩护
(2)defend vt. 防御; 保卫; 为……辩护, 辩解
defend. . . from/against. . . 保卫……以免受……
defend oneself 自卫; 自我辩护
(3)defensive adj. 防御的; 保护的; 保卫的; 戒备的
[易混辨析]“保护”有不同
defend指“保卫” “防御”, 指抵御或击退外来的攻击。此外, defend 还有“辩护”之意。
guard指“守护”“看守”, 指保持警惕或注意来防止危险发生。
protect指“保护” “以免”, protect 语义范围广, 指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险、 伤害等。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)If he seems a little defensive (defend), it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.
②Thousands of soldiers sacrificed their lives in defence (defend) of their motherland.
③All firefighters are trained to defend themselves against/from sudden explosions.
写作·提升 完成句子
我们的职责是保护文化遗产免受破坏。
Our duty is to defend cultural heritage against/from damage.
4. surround vt. 围绕; 包围
(教材原句)Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方, 这些民族的痕迹都随处可见。
(读后续写之环境描写)Surrounded by green trees, the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. There is a small river flowing through the farm. 绿树掩映, 这个农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下。一条小河曲曲折折穿行其中。
【精要必记】
(1)surround. . . with. . . 　 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by. . . 被……包围/环绕
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的, 附近的
surroundings n. 环境, 周围的事物
【知识深一度】
surroundings与environment
①surroundings 常用复数形式, 表示周围的具体的物质环境;
②environment 是集体名词, 常用单数形式, 表示对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding(surround) environment.
②(2024·全国甲卷)Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
③Surrounded(surround) by mountains and a large lake, the village makes itself a good place to relax.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)我选择画一幅风景画, 画的亮点是一个宁静的湖泊, 湖泊周围是生机勃勃的花朵和庄严的树木。
I chose to paint a landscape featuring a calm lake surrounded with/by vibrant flowers and solemn trees.
②对于交换生而言, 沉浸在自然环境中是非常理想的体验。
It’s ideal for exchange students to immerse themselves in natural surroundings.
5. evidence n. 证据; 证明
(教材原句)Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方, 这些民族的痕迹都随处可见。
(读后续写之情感描写)It was evident that he was trapped in sorrow.
显然他陷入了悲伤之中。
【精要必记】
(1)evidence 　　　　　　　　不可数名词
There is some evidence that. . . 有证据证明……
evidence of/for sth. 某事的证据
have evidence to do sth. 有证明做某事
(2)evident adj. 明显的; 清楚的
It is evident that. . . 显然……
(3)evidently adv. 明显地; 显然地
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Quite evidently, all the evidence you have collected cannot prove him guilty. (evident)
②We have enough evidence to prove (prove) the professor is right.
③It is evident (evidence) that his opinion is wrong.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之情绪描写)令汤姆吃惊的是, 亨利还躺在床上。显然, 亨利没有意识到形势有多严重。
To Tom’s surprise, Henry was still lying in his bed. It was evident that Henry didn’t realize how serious the situation was.
②(应用文之建议信)有证据表明, 户外活动对我们有好处。
There is some evidence that outdoor activities are good for us.
6. battle n. 战役; 搏斗 vi. &vt. 搏斗; 奋斗
(教材原句)They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century.
他们在11世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役后征服了英格兰。
(读后续写之情节描写)So the battle between me and the wild-haired boy was over, and Ben and I became good friends.
于是, 我和那个头发蓬乱的男孩之间的争斗结束了, 本和我成了好朋友。
【精要必记】
(1)win/gain a battle　　打胜仗, 战胜
lose a battle 打败仗
fight a battle 进行战斗
(2)battle for 为了……而战斗/奋斗
battle against/with 与……战斗
基础·练透 单句语法填空
They are engaged in a legal battle with/against their competitors.
写作·提升 完成句子
①我们必须继续同疾病作斗争。
We must continue to battle against/with disease.
②他们决定进行战斗保卫祖国抵御外国侵略者。
They decided to fight a battle in defence of their homeland from foreign invaders.
③来自五所大学的队伍在篮球比赛中争夺奖项。
Teams from five universities battled for the prize in the basketball match.
【短语和句型】
7. break away(from sb. /sth. ) 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱
(教材原句)The southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国, 形成了今天的英国全称: 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
(读后续写之情感描写)All the worry and anxiety had been too much for her, and she suddenly broke down in tears.
所有的担心和焦虑对她来说太多了, 她突然崩溃痛哭起来。
【图解助记】
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①They broke away from the national union and set up their own local organization.
②The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
③It is the last week before they break up for Christmas, and they’re making all kinds of preparations.
④He broke off a branch and gave it to me.
⑤The cattle broke into the wheat fields and did much damage.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之神态描写)听到这个消息, 他崩溃了, 眼泪从脸颊流下来。
He broke down at the news, tears pouring down his cheeks.
②(读后续写之动作描写)我的狗突然从我身边挣脱, 冲到门口, 开始狂吠起来。
My dog suddenly broke away from me, charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.
8. as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还
(教材原句)They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样, 他们也使用同一面国旗(称为“英国国旗”)。
(2024·北京高考)In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world.
对于人类来说, 一个巨大的大脑可以增强自我控制能力, 就像它在社会和现实世界中提高解决问题的能力一样。
【精要必记】
(1)as well as 相当于 in addition to, 是一个连词结构, 通常连接两个词性、结构对等的词或短语。
(2)当连接两个主语时, 谓语动词的数和第一个主语保持一致。
(3)as well表示“也”, 相当于too, 常放在句子末尾, 作为副词短语使用。
(4)as well as后接动词时多用-ing形式。
(5)may/might (just) as well do sth. 只好做某事; 不妨做某事
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①The research team developed a method to break down microplastics in water, which is not only effective but also environmentally friendly, saving energy as well as reducing pollution.
②Volunteering in the community brings people together, building connections as well as improving (improve) the local environment.
③Tom as well as his parents is (be) going to visit the museum this weekend.
④Besides, the number of rare birds in the wetland had declined as well.
写作·提升 完成句子
①总之, 这次特别的科学营让我爱上了户外探索, 也爱上了科学实验。
In a word, this special science camp got me to love outdoor exploration as well as scientific experiments.
②她的双手剧烈颤抖, 声音也似乎变得沙哑了。
Her hands trembled violently, and her voice seemed to crack as well.
9. keep your eyes open(for)留心; 留意
(教材原句) If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
用心去观察, 英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前, 令你叹为观止。
(读后续写之动作描写)While shopping I kept an eye on him to see if he’d moved away or was still there.
买东西的时候我一直盯着他, 看他是走了还是待在原地。
【精要必记】
keep an eye on　　　　照看, 照管; 留心; 注意
look sb. in the eye(s) 直视某人
have an eye for 对……有判断力/鉴赏力
catch sb. ’s eye 吸引某人的注意
in one’s eyes 按某人的意见; 在某人眼里; 依某人看
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①The teacher asked the monitor to keep an eye on the classroom during the break.
②As a designer, she has an eye for beautiful patterns and colors.
写作·提升 完成句子
①汤姆觉得他的母亲看着他的眼睛时知道他在撒谎。
Tom felt his mother knew he was lying when she looked him in the eye.
②一天, 我正浏览一本杂志时, 一张照片引起了我的注意。
I was skimming through a magazine one day when a photograph caught my eye.
③外出时请留意你的随身物品, 避免丢失。
Please keep your eyes open for your personal belongings when going out to avoid losing them.
10. if any 省略句
(教材原句)So what is the difference between them, if any
那么, 如果它们(这些名称)有区别的话, 区别何在
【句型解构】
本句中if any是省略句, 补全句子是: if there is any difference, 意为“如果有任何区别的话”。
类似结构还有:
if ever 　　　　如果有过的话
if so 如果这样的话
if not 如果不这样的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果有可能的话
*You can always depend on it that I am willing to help if necessary. I bet you will succeed next time.
你尽管放心, 必要时我是愿意帮忙的。我打赌你下次会成功的。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Do you feel weary during the daytime but find yourself wide awake at night If so, jumping rope may be the perfect solution for you.
②If it’s convenient for you, I’d like to meet you at your home at 3 p. m. If not, let me know what time would be better.
写作·提升 完成句子
①如有可能, 我会提前完成任务。
If possible, I will finish the task ahead of time.
②如有需要, 你可以随时联系我。
If necessary, you can contact me at any time.
11. have sth. done
(教材原句)They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡, 并对法律制度进行了修改。
【句型解构】
本句中built是过去分词作宾语补足语, 与宾语castles之间是被动关系, 构成“have+宾语+过去分词”结构。
(1)“have+宾语+过去分词”结构具有以下几种含义:
①(主语)请别人做某事。
*He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。
②(主语)遭受不愉快或不测的事情。
*Be careful, or you’ll have your hands hurt.
当心, 否则你会弄伤手的。
③(主语)做了或参与做某事。
*Later on we had a great many trees planted.
后来, 我们种了很多树。
(2)have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
have sth. to do (主语)有某事要做
can’t/won’t have sb. doing sth.
不能容忍某人做某事
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed(sign).
②The villagers had their old houses rebuilt (rebuild) with the help of the local government last year.
③The teacher won’t have his students talking (talk) loudly in class.
④We have many difficult problems to solve (solve) in the coming months.
写作·提升 完成句子/句式升级
①(读后续写之动作描写)直到现在我都不知道是谁打碎了窗户, 因为当时我正闭着眼睛听音乐。
I didn’t know who had broken the window till now, because I had my eyes closed while listening to music.
②Can you help me make my spoken English better in a short time
→Can you help me have my spoken English improved in a short time (have+宾语+宾语补足语)
【要点拾遗】
1. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的; 迷人的
(教材原句)The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions.
在英国, 历史与现代文化交融, 新旧传统并存, 引人入胜。
(应用文之告知信)Delighted to know that you are fascinated by our activity called “Learning From Farmers”, I’m writing to tell you some details.
很高兴知道你对我们的“向农民学习”活动很感兴趣, 我正写信告诉你一些细节。
【精要必记】
(1)fascinate 　　　vt. 入迷; 迷住; 深深吸引
be fascinated by 对……感兴趣, 对……着迷
(2)fascinated adj. 入迷的; 极感兴趣的
fascination n. 着迷; 迷恋; 吸引力
fascinator n. 迷人的人或物
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①I was deeply fascinated by the fascinating scenery of the scenic spot. (fascinate)
②The fascinator fascinates us, which is so fascinating that we are all fascinated, so we know what is fascination. (fascinate)
写作·提升 完成句子
我被丝绸之路(the Silk Road)的神秘和美丽所吸引, 打算亲自去探索一下。你能给我简单介绍一下吗
Fascinated by the mystery and beauty of the Silk Road, I intended to explore it in person. Could you please give me a brief introduction of it
2. join. . . to. . . 把……和……连接或联结起来
(教材原句)In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.
16世纪时, 邻国威尔士并入英格兰王国。
(读后续写之环境描写)Two streams joined to form a clear, deep pool before flowing down a beautifully wooded canyon.
两条小河汇成一个清澈的深塘, 然后流向一个美丽的树木茂盛的峡谷。
【精要必记】
join the army/club　参军/加入俱乐部
join in 参加(比赛、活动等)
join sb. in. . . 和某人一起……
【知识宽一度】
以下几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思, 但用法不同。
(1)join指加入某个组织成为其中一员。
(2)join (sb. ) in指参与某项活动, 口语中常与take part in通用。
(3)take part in指参加群众性活动、会议等并在其中起积极作用。
(4)attend是正式用语, 指参加会议、婚礼、典礼; 听报告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①What’s more, it is better for you to join in more outdoor activities with your American friends, which may help you relax and have fun.
②The small town was joined(join) to the city by a newly built road.
写作·提升 完成句子/翻译句子
①(应用文之倡议书)和我们一起做志愿者来提高自己的能力, 同时给社区带来好处。
Join us as a volunteer to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
②他还撰写文章, 希望更多的人加入到保护自然生态系统的行列中来。
He also writes articles, hoping that more people will join in protecting natural ecosystems.
③(应用文之邀请信)我写信邀请你加入我们的行列, 在本周日去阳光儿童福利院。
I’m writing to invite you to join us in visiting the Sunshine Children’s Home this Sunday.
3. the way 作先行词的定语从句
(教材原句)They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses.
他们引入了英语的雏形, 并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
【句型解构】
句中定语从句people built houses修饰先行词the way, 其前省略了关系词that/in which。
way“方式; 方法”作先行词且关系词在定语从句中作方式状语时, 关系词用that/in which, 或者省略。
【知识宽一度】
the way作先行词, 如果在定语从句中作主语, 引导词为that/which且不能省略; 如果在定语从句中作宾语, 引导词为that/which且可以省略。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·浙江1月高考改编)I just liked the way that the tree looked.
②The way in which we work has undergone a complete transformation in the past decade.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之人工智能)人工智能技术已经得到广泛应用, 并正在改变我们的生活方式。
AI technology has come into widespread use and is transforming the way we live.
②让我吃惊的不是他说什么而是他说话的方式。
What surprised me was not what he said but the way (that/in which) he said it.
③(读后续写之动作描写)他羞愧地低下头, 显然意识到自己在购物中心的行为方式不恰当。
He bowed his head in shame, apparently aware of the way he behaved at the shopping centre was inappropriate.
【词汇要点微练】
Ⅰ. 熟词生义
1. She was asked to take charge of the project after the former leader resigned. n. 掌管
2. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners’ association to address climate change in their communities. v. 处理; 解决
Ⅱ. 词缀微练
-ent变为-ence, -ant 变为-ance, -nd 变为-nse/-nce
1. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
evident adj. →evidence n. 证据; 证明
(1)defend v. →defense/defence n. 防御; 保护
(2)patient adj. →patience n. 耐心
(3)absent adj. →absence n. 缺席
(4)confident adj. →confidence n. 信心
(5)convenient adj. →convenience n. 便利
(6)important adj. →importance n. 重要性
2. 根据构词法填写所给词的准确形式
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)Prof. Gracie, with all his patience(patient), asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.
(2)(2024·北京高考)Hence, they have the advantage of clarity(清晰易懂) and confidence(confident).
(3)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence(absent) will be accepted.
(4)However, if this is not possible, they will use their sharp claws to defend (defence) themselves from predators.
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. (2026·八省联考)However, a closer look at the scientific evidence suggests that we should be careful about eating dark chocolate.
然而, 仔细审视科学证据后会发现, 我们在食用黑巧克力时应当谨慎。
2. (2025·北京高考)He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle(拼图)pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully.
他重新设计了砖块, 让它们像拼图一样拼合在一起, 并仔细调整了加热温度。
3. (2024·浙江1月高考)The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
人们对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人际互动。
4. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)With over 2, 500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
我们在有战略意义的位置的五家租赁店存放了2 500多辆自行车, 确保您随时都有一辆自行车可用。(共27张PPT)
Unit 4　History and Traditions
Part 2　Discovering Useful Structures
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语(Past participles(1)
as the attribute and the object complement)
【自主探究】
观察下列课文原句并思考粗体部分的功能
1. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
2. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.
3. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
探究:
【要义精讲】
一、过去分词作定语
1. 过去分词作定语时的位置。
(1)一般情况下, 单个过去分词作前置定语, 即放在被修饰词之前。有时为了表示强调, 也可放在被修饰词之后。
*You’d better search for related knowledge in advance, so that you can have a better understanding of the Chinese tea art.
你最好提前搜索相关知识, 这样你就可以更好地了解中国茶艺。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面, 作后置定语, 其作用相当于一个定语从句。
*Knowing that you are very interested in Tai Chi, I am writing to invite you to attend a Tai Chi class held by Youth Palace(=which/that will be held by Youth Palace).
知道你对太极很感兴趣, 我写信邀请你参加青年宫举办的太极课。
*Some artworks created by famous Chinese painters(=which/that were created by famous Chinese painters) will be displayed.
由中国著名画家创作的一些艺术作品将会展出。
(3)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时, 即使单一的分词作形容词用, 也要放在被修饰词的后面。
*Students can place their favorite books in public areas, and those interested can pick them up for reading.
学生可以把自己最喜欢的书放在公共区域, 感兴趣的人可以拿来阅读。
【知识宽一度】
　　有些过去分词可以作前置定语, 也可以作后置定语, 有的意义相同, 但大多数意义有差别。
*All the broken windows have been repaired.
(=All the windows broken have been repaired. )所有坏了的窗户都已经被修理好了。
*We’ve donated a large quantity of used books.
我们捐赠了大量旧书。
*You should put all the books used at hand and the others in order on the shelf.
你应当把所有用得着的书放在手边, 其他的按顺序放在书架上。
2. 过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义。
(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成, 即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者, 且该动作已经完成。
*Last week, I had the opportunity to take part in the English reading competition held in our school.
上周, 我有机会参加了在我们学校举行的英语阅读比赛。
*I have read the short story written by Mark Twain and am familiar with the whole story.
我读过马克·吐温的这篇短篇小说, 对整个故事都很熟悉。
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成, 不表示被动。
*Students from Class One, Grade Three volunteered to sweep the streets and clear the fallen leaves.
三年级一班的同学们自愿打扫街道, 清理落叶。
3. 过去分词(短语)作非限制性定语, 相当于非限制性的定语从句, 用来补充说明被修饰词的情况, 通常用逗号与主句隔开。
*Jiuzhaigou, surrounded by mountains with evergreen forests all year round, is an incredible place in Sichuan Province.
九寨沟四面环山, 有终年常绿的森林, 是四川省一个极好的地方。
【知识深一度】
过去分词作定语
　　单个过去分词前加一名词或副词, 常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词, 放在其修饰的名词前, 作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体, 所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。
*We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world.
我们将会参观一些世界上保护最好的罗马名胜古迹。
*Having travelled for a week, we arrived at the snow-covered mountain.
旅行了一周之后, 我们到达了那座大雪覆盖的山。
4. 有些过去分词表示特定含义时, 单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后, 如left(剩余的)等。
*(2025· 新高考Ⅱ卷) If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
如果你从来没有体验过床单或衬衫晒一天后的“阳光气味”, 那么, 你就错过了生活中的一个奇迹。
【知识深一度】
　　过去分词作定语, 意义用法容易记。
　　及物动词用过分, 表示被动与完成;
　　不及物用过分时, 不表被动表完成;
　　单个过分名词前, 过分短语名词后,
　　若是修饰不定代, 只能放在代词后;
　　given, left和concerned, 作定语时要后置。
【知识延伸】
动词-ing形式与过去分词作定语的区别
(1)语态上不同: 动词-ing形式表示主动意义, 过去分词多表示被动意义。
(2)时间关系上不同: 动词-ing形式表示正在进行的动作, 而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。
Do you know the boy standing over there
你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗 (standing表示主动和进行)
He is a teacher respected by all.
他是一位人人尊敬的老师。(teacher 和 respect之间是逻辑上的被动关系)
The high building built last year is our library.
去年建的那座高楼是我们的图书馆。(built 表示被动和完成)
【即学活用】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping ___________(endanger) cranes with
their reproduction.
②A _______(retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to
college students for the past eight years.
③Scientists have built an early warning system ______(base) on mathematical
models.
④To my surprise, the tofu beneath the _____(fry) skin was warm, soft, and
mouth-watering.
endangered
retired
based
fried
⑤虽然我们已经离开了中学, 但我们仍然记得和我们亲爱的老师们一起度
过的快乐时光。
Though we have left middle school, we still remember the happy time ______
____________________.
⑥人们期待这些选拔于全国的运动员们在夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。
The players ____________________________ are expected to bring us honour
in this summer game.
spent
with our dear teachers
selected from the whole country
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
　　过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的性质或状态, 宾语与过去分词之间为被动关系, 即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词作宾语补足语的情况通常有:
1. 用于feel, find, hear, notice, see, smell, observe, watch, think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
*When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后, 我们决定在家过假期。
*The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上, 人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
2. 用于get, have, make, keep, leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。
*He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起得晚, 没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室。
*Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔对行李进行了托运。
*They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很简单的英语来设法使自己被理解。
3. 用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。
*The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁, 已布置好了餐桌准备盛放待煮的饭菜。
*John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到了一份晚宴邀请函而且他的工作也做完了, 他就欣然接受了邀请。
【知识延伸】
除过去分词形式以外, with复合结构中动词还有以下两种宾语补足语形式:
*With a lot of work to do, he wasn’t allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做, 他没有被允许外出。
*With prices going up so fast, we can’t afford luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快, 我们买不起奢侈品。
with+宾语+动词-ing形式 该动词与宾语之间为主动关系, 也可表示该动作正在进行
with+宾语+动词不定式 不定式表示将要发生的动作
4. 用于wish, want, would like, expect, order等表示“希望、愿望”“命令”的动词(词组)后面作宾语补足语。
*The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
*We want the act of kindness passed on.
我们希望这种善举能传递下去。
【知识宽一度】
过去分词、动词-ing形式与
不定式作宾语补足语的区别
非谓语动词 作宾语补足语时的意义
过去分词 表示被动(宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者)和动作已完成
动词-ing形式 表示主动(宾语为动词-ing形式表示的动作的执行者)和动作正在进行
不定式 表示动作还未发生
【即学活用】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Before the meeting, we need to get all the documents _______ (print).
②The teacher raised his voice to make himself ______ (hear) in the noisy classroom.
③The boss wants the project ________ (finish) by the end of this week.
④He found his wallet ______ (steal) when he got off the bus.
⑤With the work __________ (complete), we can go on a vacation.
⑥现在, 很多人喜欢在网上预订酒店, 然后让酒店把房间提前准备好。
Nowadays, many people like to book hotels online and ______________________ in
advance by hotels.
printed
heard
finished
stolen
completed
have the rooms prepared
【语法要点微练】
Ⅰ. 用波浪线标出下列句中的过去分词短语
1. Dragons described as enemies in western mythology and literature are often seen as
symbols of power and good fortune in Chinese culture.
2. (2023·全国甲卷)The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai
cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
3. (2022·全国乙卷)It can help to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
4. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter
grade for each class period it is late.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷) An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is
featuring artwork ________ (inspire) by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, which
originated in China more than 4, 000 years ago.
2. (2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started
selling chicken or salad in packs _________ (design) with two halves containing
separate portions (份).
inspired
designed
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the __________(recognize) home of the
soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring
ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao’s birthplace.
4. (2023·全国乙卷)It is home to more than 3, 000 years of glorious history even
down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully _____ (build) system of ring
roads.
5. (2023·全国甲卷)It was a neighbor ______(call)Mario, coming to bring us a
box containing(包含) some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.
recognized
built
called
Ⅲ. 单句写作
1. (2023·全国甲卷) Xu Xiake, _______________________________________
______ in the Ming Dynasty, travelled a lot mainly on foot to explore nature.
徐霞客是明代著名的地理学家、旅行家和作家, 他经常徒步旅行, 探索大自
然。
2. (2023·全国乙卷)This summer, I decided to learn photography and it turned
out to ________________.
今年夏天, 我决定学习摄影, 结果让我感到惊讶。
known as a famous geographer, traveller and
writer
make me amazed
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)I don’t think it a good idea to randomly _______________
________________________________.
我认为随机地让学生成对参加英语口语练习课不是个好主意。
4. (2022·北京高考)One theory, ______________________________, suggests
that smell preferences are learned.
一种越来越得到专家支持的理论认为, 气味偏好是后天习得的。
pair up students
for the spoken English training class
increasingly supported by expertsUnit 4　History and Traditions
Part 2　Discovering Useful Structures
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语(Past participles(1)
as the attribute and the object complement)
【自主探究】
观察下列课文原句并思考粗体部分的功能
1. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
2. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.
3. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
探究:
【要义精讲】
一、过去分词作定语
1. 过去分词作定语时的位置。
(1)一般情况下, 单个过去分词作前置定语, 即放在被修饰词之前。有时为了表示强调, 也可放在被修饰词之后。
*You’d better search for related knowledge in advance, so that you can have a better understanding of the Chinese tea art.
你最好提前搜索相关知识, 这样你就可以更好地了解中国茶艺。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面, 作后置定语, 其作用相当于一个定语从句。
*Knowing that you are very interested in Tai Chi, I am writing to invite you to attend a Tai Chi class held by Youth Palace(=which/that will be held by Youth Palace).
知道你对太极很感兴趣, 我写信邀请你参加青年宫举办的太极课。
*Some artworks created by famous Chinese painters(=which/that were created by famous Chinese painters) will be displayed.
由中国著名画家创作的一些艺术作品将会展出。
(3)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时, 即使单一的分词作形容词用, 也要放在被修饰词的后面。
*Students can place their favorite books in public areas, and those interested can pick them up for reading.
学生可以把自己最喜欢的书放在公共区域, 感兴趣的人可以拿来阅读。
【知识宽一度】
　　有些过去分词可以作前置定语, 也可以作后置定语, 有的意义相同, 但大多数意义有差别。
*All the broken windows have been repaired.
(=All the windows broken have been repaired. )所有坏了的窗户都已经被修理好了。
*We’ve donated a large quantity of used books.
我们捐赠了大量旧书。
*You should put all the books used at hand and the others in order on the shelf.
你应当把所有用得着的书放在手边, 其他的按顺序放在书架上。
2. 过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义。
(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成, 即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者, 且该动作已经完成。
*Last week, I had the opportunity to take part in the English reading competition held in our school.
上周, 我有机会参加了在我们学校举行的英语阅读比赛。
*I have read the short story written by Mark Twain and am familiar with the whole story.
我读过马克·吐温的这篇短篇小说, 对整个故事都很熟悉。
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成, 不表示被动。
*Students from Class One, Grade Three volunteered to sweep the streets and clear the fallen leaves.
三年级一班的同学们自愿打扫街道, 清理落叶。
3. 过去分词(短语)作非限制性定语, 相当于非限制性的定语从句, 用来补充说明被修饰词的情况, 通常用逗号与主句隔开。
*Jiuzhaigou, surrounded by mountains with evergreen forests all year round, is an incredible place in Sichuan Province.
九寨沟四面环山, 有终年常绿的森林, 是四川省一个极好的地方。
【知识深一度】
过去分词作定语
　　单个过去分词前加一名词或副词, 常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词, 放在其修饰的名词前, 作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体, 所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。
*We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world.
我们将会参观一些世界上保护最好的罗马名胜古迹。
*Having travelled for a week, we arrived at the snow-covered mountain.
旅行了一周之后, 我们到达了那座大雪覆盖的山。
4. 有些过去分词表示特定含义时, 单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后, 如left(剩余的)等。
*(2025· 新高考Ⅱ卷) If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
如果你从来没有体验过床单或衬衫晒一天后的“阳光气味”, 那么, 你就错过了生活中的一个奇迹。
【知识深一度】
　　过去分词作定语, 意义用法容易记。
　　及物动词用过分, 表示被动与完成;
　　不及物用过分时, 不表被动表完成;
　　单个过分名词前, 过分短语名词后,
　　若是修饰不定代, 只能放在代词后;
　　given, left和concerned, 作定语时要后置。
【知识延伸】
动词-ing形式与过去分词作定语的区别
(1)语态上不同: 动词-ing形式表示主动意义, 过去分词多表示被动意义。
(2)时间关系上不同: 动词-ing形式表示正在进行的动作, 而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。
Do you know the boy standing over there
你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗 (standing表示主动和进行)
He is a teacher respected by all.
他是一位人人尊敬的老师。(teacher 和 respect之间是逻辑上的被动关系)
The high building built last year is our library.
去年建的那座高楼是我们的图书馆。(built 表示被动和完成)
【即学活用】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered(endanger) cranes with their reproduction.
②A retired(retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
③Scientists have built an early warning system based(base) on mathematical models.
④To my surprise, the tofu beneath the fried(fry) skin was warm, soft, and mouth-watering.
⑤虽然我们已经离开了中学, 但我们仍然记得和我们亲爱的老师们一起度过的快乐时光。
Though we have left middle school, we still remember the happy time spent with our dear teachers.
⑥人们期待这些选拔于全国的运动员们在夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。
The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
　　过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的性质或状态, 宾语与过去分词之间为被动关系, 即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。过去分词作宾语补足语的情况通常有:
1. 用于feel, find, hear, notice, see, smell, observe, watch, think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
*When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后, 我们决定在家过假期。
*The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上, 人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
2. 用于get, have, make, keep, leave等使役动词后作宾语补足语。
*He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起得晚, 没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室。
*Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔对行李进行了托运。
*They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很简单的英语来设法使自己被理解。
3. 用于with复合结构中作宾语补足语。
*The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁, 已布置好了餐桌准备盛放待煮的饭菜。
*John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到了一份晚宴邀请函而且他的工作也做完了, 他就欣然接受了邀请。
【知识延伸】
除过去分词形式以外, with复合结构中动词还有以下两种宾语补足语形式:
with+宾语+动词-ing形式 该动词与宾语之间为主动关系, 也可表示该动作正在进行
with+宾语+动词不定式 不定式表示将要发生的动作
*With a lot of work to do, he wasn’t allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做, 他没有被允许外出。
*With prices going up so fast, we can’t afford luxuries.
由于物价上涨很快, 我们买不起奢侈品。
4. 用于wish, want, would like, expect, order等表示“希望、愿望”“命令”的动词(词组)后面作宾语补足语。
*The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
*We want the act of kindness passed on.
我们希望这种善举能传递下去。
【知识宽一度】
过去分词、动词-ing形式与
不定式作宾语补足语的区别
非谓语动词 作宾语补足语时的意义
过去分词 表示被动(宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者)和动作已完成
动词-ing形式 表示主动(宾语为动词-ing形式表示的动作的执行者)和动作正在进行
不定式 表示动作还未发生
【即学活用】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Before the meeting, we need to get all the documents printed (print).
②The teacher raised his voice to make himself heard (hear) in the noisy classroom.
③The boss wants the project finished (finish) by the end of this week.
④He found his wallet stolen (steal) when he got off the bus.
⑤With the work completed (complete), we can go on a vacation.
⑥现在, 很多人喜欢在网上预订酒店, 然后让酒店把房间提前准备好。
Nowadays, many people like to book hotels online and have the rooms prepared in advance by hotels.
【语法要点微练】
Ⅰ. 用波浪线标出下列句中的过去分词短语
1. Dragons described as enemies in western mythology and literature are often seen as symbols of power and good fortune in Chinese culture.
2. (2023·全国甲卷)The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
3. (2022·全国乙卷)It can help to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
4. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷) An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired (inspire) by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, which originated in China more than 4, 000 years ago.
2. (2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the recognized(recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao’s birthplace.
4. (2023·全国乙卷)It is home to more than 3, 000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built (build) system of ring roads.
5. (2023·全国甲卷)It was a neighbor called(call)Mario, coming to bring us a box containing(包含) some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.
Ⅲ. 单句写作
1. (2023·全国甲卷) Xu Xiake, known as a famous geographer, traveller and writer in the Ming Dynasty, travelled a lot mainly on foot to explore nature.
徐霞客是明代著名的地理学家、旅行家和作家, 他经常徒步旅行, 探索大自然。
2. (2023·全国乙卷)This summer, I decided to learn photography and it turned out to make me amazed.
今年夏天, 我决定学习摄影, 结果让我感到惊讶。
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)I don’t think it a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training class.
我认为随机地让学生成对参加英语口语练习课不是个好主意。
4. (2022·北京高考)One theory, increasingly supported by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
一种越来越得到专家支持的理论认为, 气味偏好是后天习得的。(共86张PPT)
01
必备知识 自主导学
02
语篇精读 互动探究
03
要点精讲 核心突破
Unit 4　History and Traditions
[主题语境：人与社会之历史、社会与文化]
Part 1　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
【引言解读】
A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots. —Marcus Garvey
[释义]Only if people know about their history, they will learn from the past and will be able to develop and progress well into the future.
[译文]一个不了解自己的历史、起源和文化的民族, 就如同一棵无根之树。——马库斯·加维
01
必备知识 自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. two chief advantages　　　 两个_____优势
2. an ancient port city 一座古老的_____城市
3. the United _________ 联合王国
4. Confucian __________ 儒家哲学
5. __________ word 单个单词
6. the _______ country 附近的国家
7. share the same _________ 共用同样的货币
主要
港口
Kingdom
philosophy
individual
nearby
currency
8. ________ training 军训
9. ________ England 征服英格兰
10. the well-known ______ of Hastings 著名的黑斯廷斯战役
military
conquer
Battle
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. __________ n. 哲学→philosophical adj. 哲学的→philosopher n. 哲学家
2. __________ adj. 单独的; 个别的 n. 个人→individually adv. 分别地, 单独地
3. ______ n. 谜; 智力游戏; 疑问vt. 迷惑; 使困惑→puzzled adj. 困惑的, 茫然
的→ puzzling adj. 令人困惑的
4. _______ vi. 应在(某处); 适应→belongings n. 财产, 所有物
5. _______ vt. 保护; 保卫→ _______ n. 防御; 保卫
philosophy
individual
puzzle
belong
defend
defence
6. _____ adj. 法律的; 合法的→legally adv. 合法地→illegal adj. 不合法的;
非法的
7. _________ vt. 围绕; 包围→ surrounding adj. 周围的; 附近的→surroundings
n. 环境
8. _______ adj. 明显的; 明白的→ ________ n. 证据; 证明
9. _______ v. 完成; 实现→ ____________ n. 成就; 成绩; 达到
10. locate v. 定位; 确定……的地点→________ n. 地方; 地点; 位置
11. _________ vt. 迷住; 使着迷→ __________ adj. 极有吸引力的; 迷人的→
__________ adj. 入迷的→ fascination n. 魅力; 入迷
legal
surround
evident
evidence
achieve
achievement
location
fascinate
fascinating
fascinated
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. ____________　　　　　 把……和……连接或联结起来
2. _________________________ 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱
3. ___________ 属于
4. _________ 同(一样也); 和; 还
5. _______________________ 留心; 留意
6. ________________ 被……包围
7. result in _____
join. . . to. . .
break away (from sb. /sth. )
belong to
as well as
keep your eyes open (for)
be surrounded by
导致
8. refer to __________
9. work together _____
10. take over _____
11. leave behind _____
12. date back to _______
13. be confused by _____________
提到; 涉及
合作
接管
留下
追溯到
被……搞糊涂
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. So what is the difference between them, ______ (状语从句的省略)
那么, 如果它们(这些名称)有区别的话, 区别何在
2. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed
________________________. (the way后的定语从句)
他们引入了英语的雏形, 并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
3. They ________________________________, and made changes to the legal
system. (have+宾语+宾语补足语)
他们在英格兰四处修建城堡, 并改革了法律制度。
if any
the way people built houses
had castles built all around England
02
语篇精读 互动探究
Task 1 宏观建构·把握文脉
1. Skim the text and fill in the blanks.
2. What’s the main idea of the text
This text is mainly about ______________________________.
Task 2 微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. When was the Kingdom of Great Britain created
A. In the 16th century. 　 B. In the 18th century.
C. In the 19th century. D. In the 20th century.
the history of the United Kingdom
2. What is the main idea of the passage
A. To introduce the different names of the UK and its history and culture.
B. To explain the origin of the Union Jack.
C. To describe the achievements of different groups in the UK.
D. To tell the differences between the four countries in the UK.
3. What can we infer from the passage
A. The UK will soon break up into four separate countries.
B. The education systems in the four countries will become the same.
C. The history of the UK has a great influence on its present.
D. London is the only place in the UK with historic sites.
4. What is different in the four countries of the UK
A. The flag.
B. The currency.
C. The military defence.
D. The education system.
5. What does the word “conquered” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Left. 　　　　　　　 B. Defeated.
C. Helped. 　　 D. Built.
Task 3 长句难句·释疑解难
[自主翻译]______________________________________________________
________________________________________
最后, 在二十世纪时, 爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国, 形成了今天
的英国全称: 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
[自主翻译]______________________________________________________
______________________________________
以首都伦敦为第一站, 是个不错的选择。因为伦敦是一个古老
的港口城市, 其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。
[自主翻译]_____________________________________________________
_______
用心去观察, 英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前, 令你叹为
观止。
Task 4 语篇总结·主题深化
　　Many people are confused 1. ______ the meaning of the names: the United
Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain and England. To solve this puzzle, 2. ________
(know) a little bit about British history will help.
　　In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales 3. __________(join) to the
Kingdom of England, followed by the country Scotland in the 18th century. In
the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. 4. _______ (final), in the 20th century, the
about
knowing
was joined
Finally
southern part of Ireland broke away 5. _____ the UK, resulting in the full name we
have today: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called
“British”, which means the UK is also often referred to 6. ___ Britain or Great Britain.
　　Even though the four countries 7. _________ (belong) to the United Kingdom
work together in some areas, such as using the same flag, sharing the same currency
and military 8. _______ (defend), they also have some differences. Anyhow, the United
Kingdom has a long and interesting history 9. __________(explore), which can help you
understand much more about the country and 10. ___ (it) traditions.
from
as
belonging
defence
to explore
its
03
要点精讲 核心突破
【核心单词】
1. puzzle n. 谜; 智力游戏; 疑问 vt. 迷惑; 使困惑
(教材原句)Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
稍微了解一下英国历史将有助于你解决这个谜题。
【精要必记】
(1)be a puzzle to sb. 对某人来说是个谜
puzzle over 苦苦思索; 仔细琢磨
(2)puzzled adj. 困惑的; 迷惑的
puzzling adj. 令人困惑的, 令人迷惑的
puzzlement n. 困惑, 迷惘
知识宽一度
动词-ed形式结尾的形容词用法
　　动词-ed形式结尾的形容词可以用来描述人的心理活动, 还可以用来修饰一些名词, 如look, voice, smile, expression, face等。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①She wore a ________ expression on her face because she was ________ about a
________ problem. (puzzle)
②She asked her grandfather, with a ________(puzzle) frown on her face.
③When I came back, I found my classmates staring at me. I looked at all six
faces in ___________(puzzle).
写作·提升 完成句子
(读后续写之神态描写)他站在窗边, 非常困惑。
He stood beside the window, ____________.
puzzled
puzzled
puzzling
puzzled
puzzlement
very puzzled
2. belong vi. 应在(某处); 适应
(教材原句)The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work
together in some areas.
同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must
belong to the same gym.
如果你计划在健身房锻炼, 那个人必须属于同一个健身房。
【精要必记】
(1)belong to 属于; 是……的一员、成员
(2)a sense of belonging 归属感
(3)belongings n. 财产; 所有物; 财物
【知识深一度】
belong to用法注意事项
　　belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态, 可用非谓语动词-ing形式作后置定语。
知识宽一度
不能用于进行时态和被动语态的短语
①date back to/date from追溯到　②consist of包括　③take place发生　
④originate from起源于
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①It is important to develop a sense of _________(belong) to our school.
②All the workers _________(belong) to the factory must obey the rule.
③(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the
__________(belong) that share our small space.
belonging
belonging
belongings
写作·提升 一句多译/完成句子
①李明家的这所房子可追溯到清朝早期。
→The house, ______________________________, dates back to the early Qing
Dynasty. (定语从句)
→The house __________________________ dates back to the early Qing
Dynasty. (分词短语)
②未来属于那些相信梦想之美的人。
The future _______________ who believe in the beauty of their dreams.
which belongs to Li Ming’s family
belonging to Li Ming’s family
belongs to those
3. defence n. 防御; 保卫
(读后续写之动作描写)He stepped forward looking angry and clenched his fists
as if in defence.
他走上前, 看上去很愤怒, 攥紧拳头, 好像是在自卫。
(应用文之倡议书)Wearing masks and washing hands frequently can help
defend ourselves against viruses.
佩戴口罩和勤洗手有助于保护我们免受病毒侵害。
【精要必记】
(1)in defence (of. . . ) 　 为保卫……
in one’s defence　 为某人辩护
come to one’s defence 站出来为某人辩护
(2)defend vt. 防御; 保卫; 为……辩护, 辩解
defend. . . from/against. . . 保卫……以免受……
defend oneself 自卫; 自我辩护
(3)defensive adj. 防御的; 保护的; 保卫的; 戒备的
[易混辨析]“保护”有不同
defend指“保卫” “防御”, 指抵御或击退外来的攻击。此外, defend 还有“辩护”之意。
guard指“守护”“看守”, 指保持警惕或注意来防止危险发生。
protect指“保护” “以免”, protect 语义范围广, 指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险、 伤害等。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)If he seems a little _________ (defend), it might be because even
some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.
②Thousands of soldiers sacrificed their lives in ________(defend) of their motherland.
③All firefighters are trained to defend themselves ____________ sudden explosions.
写作·提升 完成句子
我们的职责是保护文化遗产免受破坏。
Our duty is __________________________________________.
defensive
defence
against/from
to defend cultural heritage against/from damage
4. surround vt. 围绕; 包围
(教材原句)Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方, 这些民族的痕迹都随处可见。
(读后续写之环境描写)Surrounded by green trees, the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. There is a small river flowing through the farm. 绿树掩映, 这个农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下。一条小河曲曲折折穿行其中。
【精要必记】
(1)surround. . . with. . . 　 用……包围……
be surrounded with/by. . . 被……包围/环绕
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的, 附近的
surroundings n. 环境, 周围的事物
【知识深一度】
surroundings与environment
①surroundings 常用复数形式, 表示周围的具体的物质环境;
②environment 是集体名词, 常用单数形式, 表示对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other
chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the ____________(surround)
environment.
②(2024·全国甲卷)Instead, surround yourself _____ healthy choices.
③___________(surround) by mountains and a large lake, the village makes itself
a good place to relax.
surrounding
Surrounded
with
写作·提升 完成句子
①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)我选择画一幅风景画, 画的亮点是一个宁静的湖泊, 湖
泊周围是生机勃勃的花朵和庄严的树木。
I chose to paint a landscape featuring a calm lake _________________________
______________________.
②对于交换生而言, 沉浸在自然环境中是非常理想的体验。
It’s ideal for exchange students to immerse themselves in ___________________.
surrounded with/by vibrant
flowers and solemn trees
natural surroundings
5. evidence n. 证据; 证明
(教材原句)Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by
evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times
throughout history.
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英
国何方, 这些民族的痕迹都随处可见。
(读后续写之情感描写)It was evident that he was trapped in sorrow.
显然他陷入了悲伤之中。
【精要必记】
(1)evidence 　　　　　　　　 不可数名词
There is some evidence that. . . 有证据证明……
evidence of/for sth. 某事的证据
have evidence to do sth. 有证明做某事
(2)evident adj. 明显的; 清楚的
It is evident that. . . 显然……
(3)evidently adv. 明显地; 显然地
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Quite _________, all the ________ you have collected cannot prove him guilty.
(evident)
②We have enough evidence ________ (prove) the professor is right.
③It is _______ (evidence) that his opinion is wrong.
evidently
evidence
to prove
evident
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之情绪描写)令汤姆吃惊的是, 亨利还躺在床上。显然, 亨利没
有意识到形势有多严重。
To Tom’s surprise, Henry was still lying in his bed. _________________ Henry
didn’t realize how serious the situation was.
②(应用文之建议信)有证据表明, 户外活动对我们有好处。
_________________________ outdoor activities are good for us.
It was evident that
There is some evidence that
6. battle n. 战役; 搏斗 vi. &vt. 搏斗; 奋斗
(教材原句)They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in
the 11th century.
他们在11世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役后征服了英格兰。
(读后续写之情节描写)So the battle between me and the wild-haired boy was
over, and Ben and I became good friends.
于是, 我和那个头发蓬乱的男孩之间的争斗结束了, 本和我成了好朋友。
【精要必记】
(1)win/gain a battle　　 打胜仗, 战胜
lose a battle 打败仗
fight a battle 进行战斗
(2)battle for 为了……而战斗/奋斗
battle against/with 与……战斗
基础·练透 单句语法填空
They are engaged in a legal battle ____________ their competitors.
写作·提升 完成句子
①我们必须继续同疾病作斗争。
We must continue to _________________ disease.
②他们决定进行战斗保卫祖国抵御外国侵略者。
They decided to ____________ in defence of their homeland from foreign invaders.
③来自五所大学的队伍在篮球比赛中争夺奖项。
Teams from five universities __________ the prize in the basketball match.
with/against
battle against/with
fight a battle
battled for
【短语和句型】
7. break away(from sb. /sth. ) 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱
(教材原句)The southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国, 形成了今天的英国全称: 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
(读后续写之情感描写)All the worry and anxiety had been too much for her, and she suddenly broke down in tears.
所有的担心和焦虑对她来说太多了, 她突然崩溃痛哭起来。
【图解助记】
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①They broke away _____ the national union and set up their own local
organization.
②The country is in the situation where a war will break ____ at any time.
③It is the last week before they break ___ for Christmas, and they’re making all
kinds of preparations.
④He broke ___ a branch and gave it to me.
⑤The cattle broke ____ the wheat fields and did much damage.
from
out
up
off
into
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之神态描写)听到这个消息, 他崩溃了, 眼泪从脸颊流下来。
He _____________________, tears pouring down his cheeks.
②(读后续写之动作描写)我的狗突然从我身边挣脱, 冲到门口, 开始狂吠起
来。
My dog suddenly ___________________, charged at the door and began to bark
fiercely.
broke down at the news
broke away from me
8. as well as 同(一样也); 和; 还
(教材原句)They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样, 他们也使用同一面国旗(称为“英国国旗”)。
(2024·北京高考)In humans, a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control, just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well as the physical world.
对于人类来说, 一个巨大的大脑可以增强自我控制能力, 就像它在社会和现实世界中提高解决问题的能力一样。
【精要必记】
(1)as well as 相当于 in addition to, 是一个连词结构, 通常连接两个词性、结构对等的词或短语。
(2)当连接两个主语时, 谓语动词的数和第一个主语保持一致。
(3)as well表示“也”, 相当于too, 常放在句子末尾, 作为副词短语使用。
(4)as well as后接动词时多用-ing形式。
(5)may/might (just) as well do sth. 只好做某事; 不妨做某事
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①The research team developed a method to break down microplastics in water,
which is not only effective but also environmentally friendly, saving energy as
well ___ reducing pollution.
②Volunteering in the community brings people together, building connections
as well as __________ (improve) the local environment.
③Tom as well as his parents __ (be) going to visit the museum this weekend.
④Besides, the number of rare birds in the wetland had declined ___ well.
as
improving
is
as
写作·提升 完成句子
①总之, 这次特别的科学营让我爱上了户外探索, 也爱上了科学实验。
In a word, this special science camp got me to love outdoor exploration _______
______________________.
②她的双手剧烈颤抖, 声音也似乎变得沙哑了。
Her hands trembled violently, and _____________________________.
as well
as scientific experiments
her voice seemed to crack as well
9. keep your eyes open(for)留心; 留意
(教材原句) If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
用心去观察, 英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前, 令你叹为观止。
(读后续写之动作描写)While shopping I kept an eye on him to see if he’d moved away or was still there.
买东西的时候我一直盯着他, 看他是走了还是待在原地。
【精要必记】
keep an eye on　　　　 照看, 照管; 留心; 注意
look sb. in the eye(s) 直视某人
have an eye for 对……有判断力/鉴赏力
catch sb. ’s eye 吸引某人的注意
in one’s eyes 按某人的意见; 在某人眼里; 依某人看
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①The teacher asked the monitor to keep an eye ___ the classroom during the
break.
②As a designer, she has an eye ____ beautiful patterns and colors.
写作·提升 完成句子
①汤姆觉得他的母亲看着他的眼睛时知道他在撒谎。
Tom felt his mother knew he was lying when she ___________________.
on
for
looked him in the eye
②一天, 我正浏览一本杂志时, 一张照片引起了我的注意。
I was skimming through a magazine one day when a photograph __________
____.
③外出时请留意你的随身物品, 避免丢失。
Please _____________________ your personal belongings when going out to
avoid losing them.
caught my
eye
keep your eyes open for
10. if any 省略句
(教材原句)So what is the difference between them, if any
那么, 如果它们(这些名称)有区别的话, 区别何在
【句型解构】
本句中if any是省略句, 补全句子是: if there is any difference, 意为“如果有任何区别的话”。
类似结构还有:
if ever 　　　　 如果有过的话
if so 如果这样的话
if not 如果不这样的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果有可能的话
*You can always depend on it that I am willing to help if necessary. I bet you will succeed next time.
你尽管放心, 必要时我是愿意帮忙的。我打赌你下次会成功的。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Do you feel weary during the daytime but find yourself wide awake at night
If ___, jumping rope may be the perfect solution for you.
②If it’s convenient for you, I’d like to meet you at your home at 3 p. m. If ____,
let me know what time would be better.
so
not
写作·提升 完成句子
①如有可能, 我会提前完成任务。
__________, I will finish the task ahead of time.
②如有需要, 你可以随时联系我。
___________, you can contact me at any time.
If possible
If necessary
11. have sth. done
(教材原句)They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡, 并对法律制度进行了修改。
【句型解构】
本句中built是过去分词作宾语补足语, 与宾语castles之间是被动关系, 构成“have+宾语+过去分词”结构。
(1)“have+宾语+过去分词”结构具有以下几种含义:
①(主语)请别人做某事。
*He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。
②(主语)遭受不愉快或不测的事情。
*Be careful, or you’ll have your hands hurt.
当心, 否则你会弄伤手的。
③(主语)做了或参与做某事。
*Later on we had a great many trees planted.
后来, 我们种了很多树。
(2)have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
have sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
have sth. to do (主语)有某事要做
can’t/won’t have sb. doing sth.
不能容忍某人做某事
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the
parent/guardian approval section _______(sign).
②The villagers had their old houses _______ (rebuild) with the help of the local
government last year.
③The teacher won’t have his students _______ (talk) loudly in class.
④We have many difficult problems _______ (solve) in the coming months.
signed
rebuilt
talking
to solve
写作·提升 完成句子/句式升级
①(读后续写之动作描写)直到现在我都不知道是谁打碎了窗户, 因为当时我
正闭着眼睛听音乐。
I didn’t know who had broken the window till now, because I ____________
______ while listening to music.
②Can you help me make my spoken English better in a short time
→Can you help me ______________________________ in a short time (have+
宾语+宾语补足语)
had my eyes
closed
have my spoken English improved
【要点拾遗】
1. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的; 迷人的
(教材原句)The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions.
在英国, 历史与现代文化交融, 新旧传统并存, 引人入胜。
(应用文之告知信)Delighted to know that you are fascinated by our activity called “Learning From Farmers”, I’m writing to tell you some details.
很高兴知道你对我们的“向农民学习”活动很感兴趣, 我正写信告诉你一些细节。
【精要必记】
(1)fascinate 　　　 vt. 入迷; 迷住; 深深吸引
be fascinated by 对……感兴趣, 对……着迷
(2)fascinated adj. 入迷的; 极感兴趣的
fascination n. 着迷; 迷恋; 吸引力
fascinator n. 迷人的人或物
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①I was deeply __________ by the __________ scenery of the scenic spot.
(fascinate)
②The __________ _________ us, which is so __________ that we are all
__________, so we know what is __________. (fascinate)
fascinated
fascinating
fascinator
fascinates
fascinating
fascinated
fascination
写作·提升 完成句子
我被丝绸之路(the Silk Road)的神秘和美丽所吸引, 打算亲自去探索一下。
你能给我简单介绍一下吗
________________________________________________, I intended to explore
it in person. Could you please give me a brief introduction of it
Fascinated by the mystery and beauty of the Silk Road
2. join. . . to. . . 把……和……连接或联结起来
(教材原句)In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.
16世纪时, 邻国威尔士并入英格兰王国。
(读后续写之环境描写)Two streams joined to form a clear, deep pool before flowing down a beautifully wooded canyon.
两条小河汇成一个清澈的深塘, 然后流向一个美丽的树木茂盛的峡谷。
【精要必记】
join the army/club　 参军/加入俱乐部
join in 参加(比赛、活动等)
join sb. in. . . 和某人一起……
【知识宽一度】
以下几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思, 但用法不同。
(1)join指加入某个组织成为其中一员。
(2)join (sb. ) in指参与某项活动, 口语中常与take part in通用。
(3)take part in指参加群众性活动、会议等并在其中起积极作用。
(4)attend是正式用语, 指参加会议、婚礼、典礼; 听报告、讲座等。一般指成为观众或听众。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①What’s more, it is better for you to join ___ more outdoor activities with your
American friends, which may help you relax and have fun.
②The small town __________(join) to the city by a newly built road.
in
was joined
写作·提升 完成句子/翻译句子
①(应用文之倡议书)和我们一起做志愿者来提高自己的能力, 同时给社区带
来好处。
____________________ to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the
communities.
②他还撰写文章, 希望更多的人加入到保护自然生态系统的行列中来。
He also writes articles, hoping that more people will _______ protecting natural
ecosystems.
Join us as a volunteer
join in
③(应用文之邀请信)我写信邀请你加入我们的行列, 在本周日去阳光儿童福
利院。
I’m writing to invite you to join us in visiting the Sunshine Children’s
Home this Sunday.
3. the way 作先行词的定语从句
(教材原句)They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses.
他们引入了英语的雏形, 并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
【句型解构】
句中定语从句people built houses修饰先行词the way, 其前省略了关系词that/in which。
way“方式; 方法”作先行词且关系词在定语从句中作方式状语时, 关系词用that/in which, 或者省略。
【知识宽一度】
the way作先行词, 如果在定语从句中作主语, 引导词为that/which且不能省略; 如果在定语从句中作宾语, 引导词为that/which且可以省略。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·浙江1月高考改编)I just liked the way ____ the tree looked.
②The way in ______ we work has undergone a complete transformation in the past
decade.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之人工智能)人工智能技术已经得到广泛应用, 并正在改变我们的生
活方式。
AI technology has come into widespread use and is transforming ______________.
that
which
the way we live
②让我吃惊的不是他说什么而是他说话的方式。
What surprised me was not what he said but _____________________________.
③(读后续写之动作描写)他羞愧地低下头, 显然意识到自己在购物中心的行
为方式不恰当。
He bowed his head in shame, apparently __________________________ at the
shopping centre was inappropriate.
the way (that/in which) he said it
aware of the way he behaved
【词汇要点微练】
Ⅰ. 熟词生义
1. She was asked to take charge of the project after the former leader resigned.
_______
2. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)The people who put the signs in their yards created a real
homeowners’ association to address climate change in their communities.
____________
n. 掌管
v. 处理; 解决
Ⅱ. 词缀微练
-ent变为-ence, -ant 变为-ance, -nd 变为-nse/-nce
1. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
evident adj. →evidence n. 证据; 证明
(1)defend v. →______________ n. 防御; 保护
(2)patient adj. →________ n. 耐心
(3)absent adj. →________ n. 缺席
(4)confident adj. →__________ n. 信心
(5)convenient adj. →___________ n. 便利
(6)important adj. →___________ n. 重要性
defense/defence
patience
absence
confidence
convenience
importance
2. 根据构词法填写所给词的准确形式
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)Prof. Gracie, with all his ________(patient), asked me to
think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.
(2)(2024·北京高考)Hence, they have the advantage of clarity(清晰易懂) and
__________(confident).
(3)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Short writings missed as a result of an excused
________(absent) will be accepted.
(4)However, if this is not possible, they will use their sharp claws to _______
(defence) themselves from predators.
patience
confidence
absence
defend
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. (2026·八省联考)However, a closer look at the scientific evidence suggests
that we should be careful about eating dark chocolate.
然而, 仔细审视_________后会发现, 我们在食用黑巧克力时应当谨慎。
2. (2025·北京高考)He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle(拼
图)pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully.
他重新设计了砖块, ___________________________, 并仔细调整了加热温度。
科学证据
让它们像拼图一样拼合在一起
3. (2024·浙江1月高考)The chief complaint about online courses is that they
lack human interaction.
人们对在线课程的_____抱怨是它们缺乏人际互动。
4. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)With over 2, 500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at
strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
我们在_________________的五家租赁店存放了2 500多辆自行车, 确保您随
时都有一辆自行车可用。
主要
有战略意义的位置(共80张PPT)
01
必备知识 自主导学
02
要点精讲 核心突破
Unit 4　History and Traditions
Part 3　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
03
读写结合 思维构建
01
必备知识 自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. bread with butter and honey　 _________面包
2. the roar of the ocean _____的_____
3. the sweet scent of fresh flowers 鲜花芬芳的_____
4. a village pub 乡村_____
5. a glass of wine 一杯_______
6. a local beer 一种当地的_____
7. get our car battery ________ 给我们的汽车电池充电
奶油蜂蜜
咆哮
大海
气味
酒吧
葡萄酒
啤酒
charged
8. the ________ of noise 噪音量
9. the National _______ 家美术馆
10. hard to _________ the painting 难以靠近画作
11. _______ your safety 确保你的安全
12. beautiful natural __________ 美丽的自然风景
13. the family’s _________ 家族的祖先
14. a senior ________ 一个高级职位
15. in the __________ 在院子里
16. some of the _______ there 那里的一些零食
amount
Gallery
approach
ensure
landscape
ancestors
position
courtyard
snacks
17. many green ________ 很多草木葱茏的郡县
18. a true _____ for the eyes 真正的视觉盛宴
19. _______ green hills 连绵起伏的青山
20. Chinese traditions and ________ 中国传统和风俗
21. a ________ image 一幅引人注目的画面
22. a smooth _________ 平稳过渡
counties
feast
rolling
customs
striking
transition
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. __________vt. 宣布; 通知; 声称→ announcement n. 宣布, 公告→announcer
n. 播音员, 广播员
2. _________ adj. 慷慨的; 大方的; 丰富的→generosity n. 慷慨; 大方
3. ______ adj. 热切的; 渴望的→eagerly adv. 渴望地; 热切地→eagerness n. 渴望
4. _____ n. 诗人→poem n. 诗; 韵文→poetry n. 诗歌(总称)
5. _____ vt. 问候; 迎接→ greeting(s) n. 招呼; 问候
6. _______ adj. 感觉的; 感官的→sense n. 感觉; 感官→sensitive adj. 敏感的
7. ______ n. 人群; 一群人; 民众vt. 挤满; 使……拥挤→crowded adj. 拥挤的
announce
generous
eager
poet
greet
sensory
crowd
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. _______________　　　　　集中注意力于
2. ___________________ 对……有影响
3. _________________ 有悠久历史
4. _____________ 点缀着
5. make up __________
6. introduce oneself _________
7. be likely to _____
8. be eager to do sth. ___________
fix one’s eyes on
have an influence on
have a long history
be dotted with
构成; 组成
自我介绍
可能
想要做某事
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, ____________________
________________. (动词-ing形式作结果状语)
美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感, 满足各种感官享受。
2. With all this beauty, _____________________ Ireland has developed strong
traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. (it +be+adj. +that从句)
有了这般美景, 爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的浓厚传统也就
不足为奇了。
offering something for
each of the senses
it is not surprising that
3. _________________________________, stop by a village pub and relax with
a glass of wine or a local beer. (不定式作目的状语)
要想体验这一切, 可以去一家乡村酒吧, 喝一杯葡萄酒或本地的啤酒, 放松
身心。
4. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, ________________________
__________ local culture and customs first-hand. (be likely to do sth. 可能做某
事)
向友善的当地人做个自我介绍, 你定能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。
To have a chance of experiencing this
you are more than likely to
experience
02
要点精讲 核心突破
【核心单词】
1. charge n. 收费; 指控; 主管 vt. 收费; 控告; 充电
(教材原句)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged.
我和朱迪把车停在特拉法加广场附近的一个地下停车场, 在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。
(2026·全国二卷)Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent up to street level to help charge an electric car.
他们全然不知, 就在他们这么做的时候, 一股能量会输送至路面, 为电动汽车充电。
【精要必记】
(1)in charge (of. . . )　 主管/看管/负责(……)
take charge of. . . 负责/看管……
in the charge of. . . =in one’s charge 在……的掌管之下
free of charge 免费
(2)charge (sb. ) for sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价
charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控某人(做)某事
charge the battery 给电池充电
lead the charge 打头阵, 带头
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2023·全国甲卷)So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and
repaint a room to avoid any ________(charge) when I’ve moved out.
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I am Li Hua, a student in charge ___ the program “Talk and
Talk” launched in the school broadcasting station.
③Ribeiro charges 35 per person ____ what is usually a three-course meal that
can last up to three hours.
④If your card has been lost, a fee of ￡5 __________(charge) for the production
of a replacement card.
charges
of
for
is charged
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之情感描写)老板免了我的咖啡钱, 我顿时感到一阵感动和喜悦
涌上心头。
The boss gave me the coffee _____________. I suddenly felt a surge of emotion
and joy rising in my heart.
②(应用文之人物介绍)我的语文老师负责班级的管理工作, 她已经教了十五
年书了。
My Chinese teacher, who has been teaching for fifteen years, ______________
____________________.
free of charge
takes charge of
the class management
2. announce vt. 宣布; 通知; 声称
(教材原句)When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we
heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.
当我们最终到达服务台索要语音导览机的时候, 我们听到了语音导览机已
被领取完的通知。
(读后续写之情节描写)After one week, the results were announced. Sara got
first place in the exam while Vivian failed.
一周后, 考试结果公布了。萨拉考试得了第一名, 而薇薇安却不及格。
【精要必记】
(1)announce sth. to sb. 　　 向某人宣告某事
announce that. . . 宣布……
It is announced that. . . 据宣布……
(2)announcement n. 通告; 宣告
make an announcement 宣布
(3)announcer n. 广播员; 播音员
知识宽一度
　　announce的宾语只能是sth. 或that从句, 不能加双宾语, “向某人宣布某事或通知某人某事”应用announce sth. to sb.
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)It was announced _____ my train would arrive in ten minutes.
②He was shocked by the ______________(announce).
③My dream is to become an __________ (announce) in the next semester, which
would allow me to share the students’ writing and my favourite articles.
④(2024·浙江1月高考)In her first P. E. class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt
__________(announce) that everyone had to run one mile around the track
outside.
that
announcement
announcer
announced
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之通知)据宣布, 我校秋季运动会将于10月15日至17日在学校体育场举
行。
__________________ the autumn sports meeting of our school will be held in the
school stadium from October 15th to 17th.
②(读后续写之场景描写)然而, 当莉莉获得绘画比赛一等奖的结果公布时, 教室里
的学生们爆发出热烈的欢呼声。
________________________________ Lily won the first prize in the painting
competition, however, the students in the classroom burst into enthusiastic cheers.
It is announced that
When the result was announced that
3. amount n. 金额; 数量　v. 总计; 合计
(教材原句)We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors
and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.
(英国)国家美术馆入口处聚集了大批游客, 人声鼎沸让我们感到非常惊讶。
(经典例句)A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with a large amount of
benefit.
滴水之恩当涌泉相报。
【精要必记】
(1)a large amount of/large amounts of 大量的
in large/small amounts 大量地/少量地
(2)amount to 总计; 总共达到; 等于, 相当于
知识宽一度
　　a large amount of+不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数, large amounts of+不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用复数。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)A large amount ___ research confirms this finding.
②It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn’t sure
how much it would amount ___.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之倡议书)为了减少校园垃圾, 我们应该减少一次性用品的使用来
降低垃圾的总量。
To reduce campus waste, we should use fewer disposable products in order that
we can ___________________________.
of
to
reduce the amount of garbage
②(应用文之建议信)为了保持健康, 每天摄入适量的蔬菜和水果是很有必要
的。
In order to keep healthy, it is necessary ________________________________
__________________.
to eat a proper amount of vegetables
and fruits every day
4. approach n. 方法; 途径; 接近vt. 接近; 接洽; 着手处理 vi. 靠近
(教材原句)It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people
around.
周围有那么多人, 很难接近这幅画。
(应用文之邀请信)With the Mid-Autumn Festival approaching, I’d like to
invite you to join us in celebrating it.
中秋节快到了, 我想邀请你和我们一起庆祝。
【精要必记】
(1)approach sb. /sth. 　　 靠近/接近某人/某物
(2)(an) approach to (doing) sth. 接近, 近似; (做)某事的方法(途径)
at the approach of　　　　 在……快到的时候
(3)approach the problem 处理问题
(4)with spring approaching=as spring approaches 随着春天来临
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·北京高考)With life in the unforgiving Northern Canada being so
demanding, the Inuit’s practical approach ___ morality made good sense.
②All the ___________(approach)to the small town were destroyed in the heavy
rain.
③(2025·浙江1月高考)A novel design approach ____________ (garden)has been
gaining in popularity worldwide.
④___ the approach of winter, the weather gets colder and colder.
to
approaches
to gardening
At
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之建议信)阅读英文报纸也是提升英语阅读能力的一个好方法。
Reading English newspapers is also __________________________________
______________.
②(读后续写之动作描写)她满怀期待地朝舞台走去。
She ___________________, full of expectation.
a good approach to improving English
reading ability
approached the stage
5. eager adj. 热切的; 渴望的
(经典例句)Kate was in a hurry to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience.
凯特急切地想长大, 渴望获得知识和经验。
(读后续写之神态描写)As they came in my direction, I put on my brightest and
happiest smile. I wanted to make them know that I was really eager to help them.
当他们朝我的方向走来时, 我露出最灿烂、最快乐的微笑。我想让他们知道我真
的很想帮助他们。
As she was leaving she was eager to say goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.
当她要离开的时候, 她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。
【精要必记】
(1)be eager for. . . 　 渴望……
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)eagerly adv. 急切地; 渴望地; 热心地
eagerness n. 渴望; 热心
知识宽一度
be eager for=long for=desire for渴望……
be eager to do sth. =long to do sth. =desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①When my little sister was eager ____ new toys, I would save money to buy
them for her.
②Most parents will have _______(eager) asked their child about their day, only
to meet with a “good”, quickly followed by “I’m hungry”.
for
eagerly
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之推荐信)我知道你渴望了解中国传统节日, 我写信给你推荐一本
相关书籍。
_____________________________________________________________, I’m
writing to recommend a relevant book to you.
②当这个女孩被问及是否想去参观故宫时, 她无法掩饰她的渴望。
When asked whether she wanted to visit the Palace Museum, _______________
_________________.
Knowing that you’re eager to learn about traditional Chinese festivals
the girl couldn’t
hide her eagerness
6. crowd n. 人群; 一群人; 民众 vt. 挤满; 使……拥挤
(读后续写之动作描写)She pushed her way through the crowd.
她在人群中往前挤。
(读后续写之人物描写)Mother’s advice as well as her desire to realize her dream suddenly crowded into her mind.
母亲的叮嘱以及她对实现梦想的渴望突然涌进了她的脑海。
The trail is often crowded with people.
这条小路上经常挤满了人。
【精要必记】
(1)a crowd of 　　　　　一大群; 许多的
the crowd 人群
(2)crowd into 涌入; 挤入
(3)crowded adj. 拥挤的; 塞满的
be crowded with 挤满了; 充满
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2026·浙江1月高考改编)The man prefers shopping at Brown’s because it’s
less ________ (crowd).
②(2025·八省联考)Nevertheless, I wondered if I should rush back to my hotel
instead of walking through that crowd ___ bikers.
crowded
of
写作·提升 完成句子
(读后续写之场景描写)看到那张泛黄的旧照片, 童年的回忆以及奶奶温暖的
笑容突然涌进了他的脑海。
Looking at the yellowed old photo, childhood memories as well as grandma’s
warm smile suddenly ____________________.
crowded into his mind
7. generous adj. 慷慨的; 大方的; 丰富的
(教材原句)Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.
卡尔和他的朋友们住在一个慷慨的家庭, 他们为他们提供了自制的黄油和蜂蜜面包。
(应用文之介绍信)The city’s folk customs are simple and the citizens are known for their warmth and generosity.
该城市的民风淳朴, 市民热情而大方。
(应用文之人物介绍)She was always generous with her time, volunteering at the local shelter every weekend. 她总是慷慨地付出时间, 每个周末都自愿在当地的收容所工作。
【精要必记】
(1)be generous to/towards sb. 对某人宽宏大量　
be generous with 用/对……很大方
It is generous of sb. to do sth. 做某事某人很慷慨
(2)generously adv. 慷慨地; 宽大地
generosity n. 慷慨; 大方; 宽宏大量
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①As news of his __________ (generous) spread, more people were willing to
donate money to the poor.
②She __________ (generous) shared her books and notes with her classmates
before the exam.
③The old man is always generous __________ the children in the neighborhood.
④It is generous ___ you to give away so much money to the charity.
generosity
generously
to/towards
of
写作·提升 完成句子
我在你家度过了一段美好的时光, 我想对你的慷慨和热情表达衷心的感谢。
I had a wonderful time at your home and I would like to express my sincere
_______ for your __________ and warmth.
thanks
generosity
【短语和句型】
8. It +be+adj. +that. . .
(教材原句)With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining.
有了这般美景, 爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的浓厚传统也就不足为奇了。
【句型解构】
(1)本句是“It+be+adj. +that. . . ”句型。It作形式主语, 真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
(2)当形容词为necessary, essential, clear, true, strange, important, possible时, that从句要用虚拟语气, 即should+动词原形, should可以省略。
*It is strange that he should leave without a word.
真奇怪, 他竟然没说一句话就离开了。
知识宽一度
it作形式主语的常见句型
①It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句
这类过去分词有: announced, believed, expected等。
②It + be + 名词词组 + 主语从句
这类名词词组有: a fact, a pity, a shame等。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Today __ is obvious that more and more people prefer online shopping.
②It ______ (say) that the ancient city has a history of over 2, 000 years.
③It is __ pity that you can’t stay longer.
④It is suggested that the plan _____________ (carry out) as soon as possible.
it
is said
be carried out
a
写作·提升 翻译句子
①我们错过了这次难得的学习机会, 真是太遗憾了。
It is a pity that we missed such a valuable learning chance.
②我们如何在有限的时间内提高英语水平仍然是个问题。
It remains a question how we can improve our English in limited time.
③他能在这么短的时间内取得巨大进步, 真是令人惊讶。
It is amazing that he has made such great progress in such a short time.
【要点拾遗】
1. roll vi. &vt. (使) 翻滚; (使)滚动 n. 卷(轴); 翻滚
(经典例句)“Look out! ” somebody shouted, as the truck started to roll toward
the sea.
卡车开始滚向大海时, 有人大喊: “小心! ”
(读后续写之心理描写)“Oh no! My snowman fell apart! ” Jack cried, tears of
sadness rolling down his face.
“哦, 不! 我的雪人碎了! ”杰克哭了, 悲伤的泪水顺着他的脸滚落下来。
【精要必记】
(1)roll in/into　　　 大量涌入, 姗姗来迟
roll down 滚下; 摇下
(2)rolling adj. 波动的; 起伏的
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled ____ the
bus station.
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)At my words, with tears rolling ______ his cheeks, David
turned to me and firmly expressed his determination to finish the cross-country
run.
③The _______ (roll) sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind
you how tiny we humans are.
into
down
rolling
写作·提升 完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)我们俩笑到眼泪顺着脸颊滚落。
The two of us laughed until __________________________.
tears rolled down our cheeks
2. greet vt. 问候; 迎接
(教材原句)On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
在山区一个宁静的早晨, 你可以感受到阳光照在你的皮肤上, 呼吸着鲜花的芬芳, 鸟儿用早晨的歌声来迎接新的一天。
【精要必记】
(1)greet sb. with. . . 用……迎接某人/向某人打招呼
(2)greeting n. (常用复数形式)问候; 祝贺; 贺辞
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①The movie star was greeted _____ cheers from his fans.
②They exchanged _________(greet) and sat down to lunch.
with
greetings
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之场景描写)当她打开门时, 一片混乱不堪的景象呈现在她的眼
前。
When she opened the door, she ____________________________________.
②多年分离后, 他们以一个热情的拥抱互相问候。
_____________________________________ after years of separation.
was greeted by a scene of utter confusion
They greeted each other with a warm hug
3. with 复合结构
(教材原句)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美, 郡县草木葱茏, 青山连绵起伏, 牛羊点缀其中, 堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
【句型解构】
　　with复合结构由“with+宾语+宾语补足语”组成, 常在句中作状语, 表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等, 也可作定语。其构成有下列几种情形:
with+名词(或代词)+
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms, with tears of shame and
embarrassment _______(well) up in his eyes.
②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)With a broad smile _________(spread) on his face, he told
me that he was proud of my wonderful performance.
③With so much work _____(do), I was so anxious that I had trouble sleeping.
welling
spreading
to do
写作·提升 完成句子
①(读后续写之神态描写)完成了所有的准备工作, 他高兴地跳了起来, 眼中
闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
____________________________, he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with
excitement.
②由于他们仍旧气喘吁吁、心跳飞快, 他们相信刚刚所发生的事是真的。
As they were still breathless, ____________________________, they were
convinced that what had happened just now was true.
With all the preparations made
with their hearts beating wildly
【词汇要点微练】
Ⅰ. 一词多义
1. charge
A. n. 冲锋　　B. vi. 向……方向冲去
C. vt. 指控, 控告(某人的罪行)
(1)(2023·全国甲卷)Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby,
the research shows it is women now leading the charge. _______
(2)The bull got angry and charged at the matador (斗牛士). _______
(3)She was charged with breaking the traffic rules. _______
　A　
　B　
　C　
2. approach
A. v. 处理　B. v. 靠近
(1)(2025·八省联考)But, as she approached the bench (长凳) to sit down, her
necklace (项链) fell to the ground. _______
(2)Scientists are approaching the research from a new angle. _______
　B　
　A　
Ⅱ. 熟词生义
1. (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The wind picked up and thunder rolled. _____________
2. When Brown approached me about the job, my first reaction was of disbelief.
_______
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces
the amount of water needed to grow plants.
由于该系统是自动化的, 它大大_________________________。
v. 发出隆隆声
vt. 接洽
减少了种植植物所需的水量
2. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned
off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫, 对泥土感到厌烦, 但_______________________
_____。
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton
published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom
of crowds” effect.
1907年3月7日, 英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿发表了一篇论文, 阐述了后来
被称为_________________。
大多数人都渴望尝试新的
东西
“群体智慧”的效应
4. (2022·全国甲卷)As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself
greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins(小巴布亚企鹅) longing to say
hello.
当Ginni Bazlinton到达南极洲时, 她发现自己___________________________
_______________。
5. (2024·全国甲卷)Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
我们大多数人都需要_______________。
受到了一群渴望打招呼的小巴
布亚企鹅的欢迎
把食量增加一倍
03
读写结合 思维构建
描述喜欢的地方(Describe a place that you like)
【文本研读】
Task 1 文本概览·厘清结构
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Point one The importance of Ireland’s beautiful countryside
Point two Introduction of the beautiful countryside Peaceful landscape
Green (1)________
The roar of the ocean
The quiet (2)________
counties
morning
Point three Ways to experience its beauty Enjoy local food
Enjoy (3)__________ music and dancing
Make (4)_______ with the natives
2. What’s the passage mainly about
The passage is mainly about __________________________________
of Ireland.
traditional
friends
the beautiful scenery and its traditions
Task 2 佳句品味·语言表达
描写自然景色:
1. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
2. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
3. On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
【写作指导】
1. 题型解读
　　景点介绍属于说明文。写作时要注意厘清与写作主题有关的地理位置、人口、面积、气候等内容。文章结构分为三层, 开头部分引出所需介绍的内容; 正文详细描述所需介绍的景点的特色; 结束部分表达出美好的祝愿。
2. 篇章结构
【语料积累】
1. 话题词汇
(1)lie in/be located in　　　 坐落于
(2)pay a visit to 参观
(3)have/cover an area of 占……的面积
(4)with the beautiful scenery and fresh air 有着美丽的风景和新鲜的空气
(5)date from/back to 起源于/追溯到
(6)be well-known/famous for/as 因为/作为……而出名
(7)enjoy a delicious snack 享受一种美味的小吃
(8)experience local culture and customs 体验当地的文化和风俗习惯
(9)enjoy/appreciate natural scenery 欣赏自然景色
2. 话题句式
(1)段首句
①I am more than delighted to know that you are going to pay a visit to China.
得知你要来中国参观, 我非常高兴。
②I am writing to express my warm welcome and strongly recommend that you pay a visit to Xi’an.
我正在写信表示我的热烈欢迎并且强烈推荐你去西安。
(2)主体段落句
①As far as I’m concerned, Xi’an is a good choice.
就我而言, 西安是一个好的选择。
②First, as a world-famous scenic spot, the Great Wall attracts millions of travelers every day.
首先, 作为一个世界闻名的景点, 长城每天吸引了数百万游客。
③As you enter the Forbidden City, you may be amazed at the grand halls and marvelous architecture rich in historical and cultural meaning.
当你进入紫禁城, 看到宏伟的大厅和富有历史和文化内涵的奇妙的建筑的时候, 你会非常震惊。
(3)段尾句
①Hope you’ll have a good time in China.
希望你在中国玩得愉快。
②I am sure that you will be amazed by the beautiful landscape here.
我相信你会对这里美丽的风景感到惊奇的。
【实践应用】
　　假如你是李华, 你的英国笔友Tom对中国的城市很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件, 介绍你最喜欢的中国城市。
　　注意:
　　1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
　　2. 内容包括: 城市名称、你喜欢它的原因(如历史、美食、风景等);
　　3. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
【写作思维流程】
Step 1: 谋篇布局
Step 2: 遣词造句
1. 北京是中国的首都, 是一座美丽的城市。
____________________________________________
2. 它的总面积约为16 410平方千米。
______________________________________________
3. 它的人口超过2 100万。( a population of )
_________________________________
4. 这座城市有超过3 000年的悠久历史。
The city __________________ over 3, 000 years.
Beijing is the capital of China and a beautiful city.
It has a total area of about 16, 410 square kilometers.
It has a population of over 21 million.
has a long history of
5. 历史上曾是多个朝代的都城, 例如元朝、明朝和清朝。
In history, it was ___________________________, like the Yuan, Ming and Qing
dynasties.
6. 它有很多的名胜古迹, 像故宫、长城和颐和园, 吸引了国内外大量的游客。
____________________________________, like the Forbidden City, the Great
Wall and the Summer Palace, which attract a large number of tourists from
home and abroad.
the capital of several dynasties
There are many famous places of interest
7. 我喜欢北京, 不仅因为它丰富的历史, 还因为它的美食, 比如北京烤鸭。
I love Beijing not only for its rich history, __________________________,
like Peking duck.
8. 我希望有一天你能来北京参观。
_______________________________.
but also for its delicious food
I hope you can visit Beijing one day
Step 3: 句式升级
9. 用with短语合并句1和句2。
Beijing is the capital of China and a beautiful city, _______________________
_______________________.
10. 用定语从句合并句4和句5。
The city has a long history of over 3, 000 years, _____________________
________________________, like the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
with a total area of about
16, 410 square kilometers
during which it was the
capital of several dynasties
Step 4: 完美成篇
Dear Tom,
　　I’m glad to hear you’re interested in Chinese cities. Let me introduce my favorite city, Beijing, to you.
　　Beijing is the capital of China and a beautiful city, with a total area of about 16, 410 square kilometers and a population of over 21 million. The city has a long history of over 3, 000 years, during which it was the capital of several dynasties, like the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. There are many famous
places of interest, like the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and the Summer Palace, which attract a large number of tourists from home and abroad. I love Beijing not only for its rich history, but also for its delicious food, like Peking duck.
　　I hope you can visit Beijing one day. I’m sure you’ll have a wonderful time here.
Yours,
Li Hua(共9张PPT)
Unit 4　History and Traditions
读后续写高分进阶
教材语料积累
词 汇 【情感描写】 be puzzled about 对……感到困惑　fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的; 迷人的　generous adj. 慷慨的; 大方的; 丰富的　eager adj. 热切的; 渴望的　striking adj. 引人注目的; 显著的
【动作描写】 approach vi. 靠近　break away (from sb. /sth. ) 脱离; 背叛; 逃脱　be surrounded by被……围绕　keep your eyes open (for) 留心; 留意
美 句 1. 【主题句】 If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. (P41)用心去观察, 英国的过去与现在都将展示在你面前, 令你叹为观止。
2. 【景色描写】 Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. (P44)美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感, 满足各种感官享受。
3. 【景色描写】 The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. (P44)“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美, 郡县草木葱茏, 青山连绵起伏, 牛羊点缀其中, 堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。
美 句 4. 【景色描写】 On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. (P44)在山区一个宁静的早晨, 你可以感受到阳光照在你的皮肤上, 呼吸着鲜花的芬芳, 鸟儿用早晨的歌声来迎接新的一天。
拓展语料储备(读后续写之环境描写)
词 汇 be bathed in沐浴在……　pleasant smell of flowers沁人心脾的花香　wind one’s way蜿蜒前行　flood into涌入　filter through透过　rough seas风大浪急的海面　sweep across席卷, 横扫　blow through吹过　die away(风)逐渐变小　pick up(风力)抬升　beat/flap against拍打　pour down倾盆而下　be caught in the rain被雨淋　a heavy downpour大暴雨　feathery snowflakes羽毛般的雪花　dance in the night air在夜空中飞舞　be struck by heavy snow被暴雪袭击
美 句 1. The sea was still quiet as if it had fallen asleep, without wind or waves.
海还是安安静静的, 好像睡着了一样, 没有风, 也没有浪。
2. The sun shone through a break in the clouds.
阳光透过云层的缝隙照下来。
3. The golden sun bathed the landscape in a warm glow, as if painting the world with hues of hope and joy.
金色的太阳用温暖的光辉沐浴着大地, 仿佛用希望和欢乐的色彩描绘着世界。
4. We were having a picnic, when suddenly there came a downpour.
我们正在野餐, 这时忽然大雨倾盆。
美 句 5. The forest was a sea of green, filled with the whispers of leaves and the songs of birds.
森林是一片绿色的海洋, 充满了树叶的低语和鸟儿的歌声。
6. The air was cool and crisp, the scent of pine trees lingering in the stillness.
空气凉爽而清新, 松树的气息在宁静中弥漫。
7. The sun rose slowly over the horizon, painting the sky with shades of orange and gold.
太阳缓缓升起, 地平线上染上了橙色和金色的余晖。
8. The sun broke through the clouds, sending a warm glow over the landscape.
阳光穿透云层, 为景色带来温暖的光辉。
续写实践运用(结合所给语料完成短文)
　　情境提示: 随着我们靠近群山围绕的宿营地, 我们难以抑制心中的兴奋。
到达宿营地, 妈妈就立即打开车门, 冲了出去, 热切地催促我们搭帐篷。
　　As we 1. ________________________________________________(靠近
群山围绕的宿营地), we had difficulty containing our excitement. On reaching
it, my mom opened the door immediately, 2. _________________________
________(冲了出去, 热切地催促我们)to put up the tent. 3. ________________
___________________(周围迷人的风景)was a true feast for our eyes, 4. _____
___________________(绿树连绵起伏) dotted with various wild flowers.
approached the camping site surrounded by mountains
charged outside and eagerly
urged us
The surrounding
fascinating landscape
with
its rolling green trees
5. ______________________________________________(金色的太阳用温暖
的光辉沐浴着大地). The forest 6. ____________________________________
________________(充满了树叶的低语和鸟儿的歌声). My family chatted
comfortably, sweet memories of the past 7. _________________(涌上我们心头).
The golden sun bathed the landscape in a warm glow
was filled with the whispers of leaves and
the songs of birds
flooding our hearts

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