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话题：人与自然—季节：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生
巩固基础·专项突破
01
阅读短文，并根据短文内容回答问题，每题不超过 8 个词。
One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colours. Normally, green leaves turn into red, orange, yellow, and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology” (叶片物候), and many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate change, autumn is changing.
According to a study, the season length is growing, meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours. And this is not the only way that climate change is destroying the season.
“Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr Howard, a climate scientist. “In my own neighbourhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal opinion, but research actually supports this phenomenon (现象) we’re finding.”
Climate change isn’t only causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts (霜) according to Dr Michael, a teacher of a university. Michael said, “That means pests (害虫) will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings.”
If there is good news, we may be able to avoid this development. Michael said that if humans control their carbon dioxide emissions (二氧化碳排放), they can still stop the worst effects of climate change. “A new study recently shows that warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero.” Michael said in his recent comment for Live Science.
1．What else does climate change cause besides later leaf changes ________________________________________________________ 2．What danger will longer-active pests bring to humans in autumn ________________________________________________________ 3．When will warming likely stop according to the new study ________________________________________________________
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。每题答案不得超过 7 个词 (除第 5 小题外)。
Winter in northern cities brings a magical transformation as snow covers the ground. The temperature often drops below zero, with icy winds blowing through the streets. Early mornings are filled with frost on the windows, and sunny days make the snow sparkle like diamonds.
People wear thick coats, gloves and scarves to stay warm. Children love playing in the snow — building snowmen, having snowball fights, and sliding on icy slopes. Some families go ice skating on frozen lakes, while others stay indoors by the fire, enjoying hot chocolate.
However, heavy snowstorms can cause problems. Roads become slippery and schools may close. Delivery trucks struggle to drive through the snow, and people have to shovel driveways to clear the path. People face the challenges, but the holiday season brings joy, with Christmas lights shining brightly and New Year’s fireworks lighting up the cold night sky.
On rare warm days, the snow starts to melt, creating puddles on the sidewalks. Birds gather around feeders, looking for food in the cold. People take advantage of the mild weather to go for walks, breathing in the fresh, crisp air.
4．What happens to the temperature in winter
________________________________________________________ 5．Where do families go ice skating
________________________________________________________ 6．Why do people wear thick coats in winter
________________________________________________________
7．How do snowstorms affect (影响) people’s daily life (List two problems)
________________________________________________________ 8．Do you like winter Why
________________________________________________________
02
（A）阅读下面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过 7 个单词(除第 5 小题外)。
The word “day” has two meanings. When we talk about the number of days in a year, we are using “day” to mean 24 hours. But when we talk about day and night, we are using “day” to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Because the Earth looks like a ball, the Sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the Earth is having day and the other half night. At the equator (赤道), day and night are always the same length.
They are each twelve hours long. The Sun rises at 6 o’clock in the morning and sets at 6 o’clock in the evening. For six months the North Pole is tilted (北极倾斜) toward the Sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere. Days are longer than nights. South of the equator,nights are longer than days. For the other six months the North Pole is tilted away from the Sun. Then the Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight. Days are longer than nights. North of the equator,nights are longer than days.
Winter is the season of long nights. Summer is the season of long days.
9．How many hours does “day” mean in “days in a year” ________________________________________________________ 10．Why does half of the Earth have night
________________________________________________________
11．What’s the day length at the equator
________________________________________________________
12．When the North Pole tilts towards the Sun,which part of the Earth has longer days
________________________________________________________ 13．How does Earth’s tilt affect human life
________________________________________________________
（B）阅读下面的材料，然后根据材料内容回答问题，每题答案不超过 10 个词。
The seasons in Australia are not like ours. When it is winter in China, it is summer there. Australia is a country in the southern hemisphere. June, July and August are winter months, and September, October and November are spring months. Summer is in December, January and February, and March, April and May are autumn months. The weather in the north of the country is hotter than in the south.
A very large part of this country has no rain at all. The east coast (海岸) has rain all year round, and there are no dry months there. The south-east winds blow there all year round. They bring rain from the sea. There is not much rain on the west side. The south-eastern part of Australia has summer rain from the south-east winds.
They only blow there in summer.
The south-western part of Australia has winter rain. The west winds blow over the south-west only in winter. In summer, the south-west of the country has no rain. In the north of Australia, there is no rain in winter.
The rain comes in summer. The north-west winds bring it.
14．Which season is it in Australia when it is winter in China ________________________________________________________ 15．When is spring in Australia
________________________________________________________ 16．Which part of Australia has rain all year round
________________________________________________________ 17．When do the west winds blow over the south-west
________________________________________________________ 18．Which season do you like best Why
________________________________________________________
培优拔高·挑战攻坚
01
（A）阅读短文回答问题，每题答案不超过七个词。
There are 24 solar terms in China, and the Grain Rain (谷雨) is one of them. It falls on April 20 in 2025.
This solar term is called the Grain Rain because it is known for “rain” that helps the grain grow. From its name, we can guess it means a time of more rain. So if you go out during the Grain Rain, you may need to bring an umbrella with you.
But this is a great time to plant crops. If you miss the time for planting during the Grain Rain, you will feel sorry later. So maybe you can try to plant some flowers or vegetables in your garden. When the spring rain falls, farmers begin to grow crops. Farmers often say, “Spring rain is as precious (珍贵的) as oil.” It brings farmers hope for a good year ahead.
There are also many interesting customs during the Grain Rain. In the northern part of China, people like to eat Chinese toona (香椿) mixed with eggs. The food made during the Grain Rain tastes wonderful and it’s a kind of food with high nutritional (营养的) value. So it is good for your stomach. In the southern part of China, the tea leaves are picked during the time. They are called Grain Rain tea, which is famous for its freshness and sweet smell.
19．What does Grain Rain mean
________________________________________________________ 20．What may you need to bring with you during the Grain Rain ________________________________________________________ 21．What do farmers start to do when the Grain Rain comes
________________________________________________________
22．Why is Chinese toona (香椿) mixed with eggs good for your stomach according to this passage
________________________________________________________ 23．What is Grain Rain tea famous for
________________________________________________________
（B）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过 6 个词。
The traditional Chinese calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter, the 19th of the year, which means the beginning of winter in Chinese culture, begins on November 7 this year. Here are some customs we Chinese people often have during this period.
Drinking mutton soup
In many places in China, there’s a tradition of drinking mutton soup on this day, and you won’t fear the cold throughout the winter. Mutton is rich in fats, proteins, and calories, making it a good choice when the weather gets cold. Having a bowl of mutton soup not only warms the weak body but also provides a pleasant experience.
Eating tangyuan
Eating tangyuan is a traditional custom, which is especially popular in the southern regions of the Yangtze
River. Tangyuan is a must-have food for people there, because yuan means “getting together”.
Eating dumplings
In many parts of northern China, it is a custom to eat dumplings. People in northern China eat dumplings on this day because dumplings have the meaning of “cold”.
Making winter wine
Start of Winter is a good day to start making yellow wine in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, as the water is usually clearer at this time and the low temperature restricts the growth of germs—perfect for the flavour during the fermenting process.
Besides these customs, we should also pay attention to some other things during this time. As the weather gets colder and colder, we need to wear gloves, hats and warm cotton-padded shoes to keep ourselves warm. We also need to do exercise, such as choosing some indoor sports to keep our body strong.
24．What does the 19th solar term Start of Winter mean
________________________________________________________ 25．When is Start of Winter this year
________________________________________________________ 26．How many customs are mentioned in this article
________________________________________________________ 27．What’s the weather like during this time
________________________________________________________ 28．What do you often do during this time
________________________________________________________
（C）
Different weather makes us feel different. It influences our health, feelings and intelligence (智力).
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have some health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March.
The weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. They feel hot and get angry easily.
The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a scientific report, the IQ (智商) of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% lower. The wind can help people have higher intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse grades on exams in July and August, the hottest months of the year.
29．What’s the weather like in the southern part of the United States in August
__________________________________________
30．How might thin people feel during cold weather
__________________________________________ 31．Who may have a hard time in hot summer
__________________________________________
32．When was the IQ of the group of students high in a scientific report
__________________________________________ 33．What do you learn from the passage
__________________________________________
02
（A）阅读短文，回答短文后的 5 个问题，每题答案不超过 10 个词。
The Great Wall of China is also called “Ten Thousand Li Great Wall”. In fact, it’s more than 20,000 kilometres long. It winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys till at last it reaches the sea. It is one of the wonders of the world.
The Great Wall has a history of over twenty centuries. The first part of it was built during the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Warring States Period, more walls were put up to defend the borders of different kingdoms. It was the Kingdom of Qin that united the different parts into one empire. During the Qin Dynasty, to keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shihuang had all the walls joined up. Thus, the Great Wall came into being.
The Great Wall is wide enough at the top for five horses or ten men to walk side by side. Along the wall are watchtowers, where soldiers used to keep watch. Fires were lit on the watchtowers as a warning when the enemy came.
It was very difficult to build such a wall in the ancient times without any modern machines. All the work was done by hand. Thousands of men died and were buried under the wall they built. The Great Wall was made not only of stone and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.
Today the Great Wall has become a place of interest not only to the Chinese but to people from all over the world. Many of them have come to know the famous Chinese saying: He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
34．How long is the Great Wall of China
________________________________________________________ 35．When were the walls joined up
________________________________________________________
36．When the enemy invaded, what did the soldiers do on the watchtowers
________________________________________________________ 37．How was the Great Wall built
________________________________________________________
38．How do you understand “He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” ________________________________________________________
（B）
No one can change the weather. Nobody can control (控制) the weather. But if we read the signs around us correctly, we can tell what important changes in the weather will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like in the following one or two days is called the weather forecast. For many centuries and in all countries, people studied the weather and tried to make a weather forecast.
Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain. Some birds fly high if fine weather is coming, but they fly near the ground when rainy or stormy weather is on the way. If the stars twinkle (闪烁) clearly at night, then fine weather continues. If fog appears in the morning just above a river, then it will be warm. If the sunset is mostly red in colour, then it is fine the following day. If you see a rainbow during rainy weather, the weather will become clear and fine. If a rainbow appears in the morning, the rainy weather may come soon.
People can use their eyes and brains to make a weather forecast by different natural signs.
39．Who can control the weather？
_________________________________________
40．When do some birds fly near the ground？
_________________________________________
41．How will the weather be if fog appears just above a river in the morning
_________________________________________
42．What will the weather be like if you see a rainbow during the rainy weather
_________________________________________
43．Can people make a weather forecast by natural signs Please give an example from the text. _________________________________________
（C）阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，每小题答案不超过 10个单词。
There are 24 Solar Terms in China. The Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th Solar Term of the year, begins on
November 22 this year. Here are a few things you should know about the Minor Snow.
Wearing hats and scarves
In China, with the arrival of the Minor Snow, the wind blows from the north-east a lot. Many people do not wear hats or scarves. In fact,according to an old Chinese saying “The head is the place where all passages of the body gather.”, it’s necessary to wear hats and scarves to keep one’s head warm.
Having hot soup
During the Minor Snow, the air in the houses is dry and most people may find their nose and mouth feel a bit dry. This will cause (导致) “inner heat” in one’s body. The key is to have more hot soup.
Eating rice cakes
In some areas of South China, people eat rice cakes around the Minor Snow. In ancient times, rice cakes were a traditional festival offering (祭品) to the bull god (牛神).
Making pickled (腌制的) vegetables and pork
After the Minor Snow, because of the low temperature and dry air, it is the best time to start making preserved pork (腊肉), which by the Chinese New Year would be ready to enjoy. The people in Yancheng,Jiangsu Province, have welcomed the Minor Snow by making pickled vegetables.
In addition (此外), we like to eat spicy (辛辣的) food to keep warm. However, it’s not wise to eat much spicy food because that will increase “inner heat”. This year’s Minor Snow is coming. Wish you to be surrounded by a life full of warmth.
44．When does the Minor Snow begin this year
________________________________________________________ 45．How do people keep their head warm during the Minor Snow ________________________________________________________ 46．What is the key to avoid (避免) causing “inner heat” ________________________________________________________ 47．In which areas do people eat rice cakes around the Minor Snow
________________________________________________________
48．What do you think of eating much spicy food during the Minor Snow
________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．Later frosts. 2．A greater health danger. 3．After carbon emissions reach zero.
4．It often drops below zero. 5．On frozen lakes. 6．To stay warm. 7．Roads become slippery and schools may close. 8．Yes. Because I like making snowmen.
9．(It means) 24 hours. 10．Because the Sun shines on only half. 11．(It is) 12 hours. 12．The Northern
Hemisphere. 13．Farmers can decide what to do in the fields. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
14．Summer./It’s summer. 15．Spring is in September, October and November. 16．The east coast.
17．Only in winter. 18．Summer. Because I like swimming and ice cream.（答案不唯一）
19．A time of more rain. 20．An umbrella. 21．They begin to grow crops. 22．It has high nutritional value. 23．Its freshness and sweet smell.
24．The beginning of winter. 25．On November 7. 26．Four. 27．It gets colder and colder.
28．I often do indoor sports.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）
29．It is very hot and wet. 30．They might feel unhappy. 31．Fat people. 32．When a very strong wind came. 33．Different weather influences our health, feelings and intelligence.
34．More than 20,000 kilometres. 35．During the Qin Dynasty. 36．They lit fires as a warning.
37．By hand. 38．It attracts people around the world./It encourages us to reach our goals.（答案不唯一，合
理即可）
39．No one. 40．When rainy or stormy weather is on the way. 41．It will be warm. 42．It will be clear and fine. 43．Yes, they can. Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain.
44．On November 22. 45．By wearing hats and scarves. / They wear hats and scarves. 46．Having more hot soup. 47．In some areas of South China. 48．It’s not wise.（答案不唯一）

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