资源简介

(共58张PPT)
01
必备知识 自主导学
02
语篇精读 互动探究
03
要点精讲 核心突破
Unit 1　People of Achievement
[主题语境: 人与社会之杰出人物]
Part 1　Reading and Thinking
【引言解读】
Try to become not a man of success, but try rather to become a man of value. —Albert Einstein
[释义]People are successful when they receive a high return on their investment. However, it is still unable to show the value of the person. Only if one invests more than he could ever receive to give to others would he be valuable to others.
[译文]努力不是为了功成名就, 而是为了成为有价值的人。——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
01
必备知识 自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 诺贝尔_______或医学奖
2. the extract from sweet wormwоod 青蒿_______
3. a _______ new treatment for malaria
一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新疗法
4. play a _____ role in. . . 在……方面起着极其重要的作用
5. medical __________ 药学属性
6. ____ fresh wormwood 煮青蒿
7. _______ the liquid 获得液体
生理学
提取物
crucial
vital
properties
boil
obtain
8. a narrow ______ 惜败
9. chemical __________ 化学物质
10. _______ contain facts 主要包含事实
defeat
substances
mostly
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. ________ vi. &vt. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等); 承诺, 保证
→__________ adj. 坚信的; 尽心尽力的; 坚定的→commitment n. 承诺; 许诺;
奉献
2. _________ n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 学会; 专科院校→
_________ adj. 学业的; 学术的→academically adv. 学术上; 学业上
3. _________ n. 目标; 目的 adj. 客观的→______ n. 目标; 物体; 宾语 v. 不同意;
不赞成; 反对
4. _________ adj. 植物学的→botany n. 植物学
commit
committed
academy
academic
objective
botanical
object
5. ________ vt. 评价; 评估→evaluation n. 评价; 评估→evaluative adj. 评估的, 评价
的
6. _______ adj. 有区别的; 清楚的; 清晰的→distinction n. 差别; 区别; 对比
→distinctive adj. 独特的, 有特色的
7. ____________ vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢→ acknowledgement n. 确认;
感谢; 承认
8. ______________ vt. 分析→analysis n. 分析
9. __________ adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然→apparent adj. 显然的; 显然; 显而易见
10. _______ n. 科学→_________ adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的→________ n. 科学家
evaluate
distinct
acknowledge
analyse/analyze
apparently
science
scientific
scientist
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. ________________ (sth. /doing sth. /do sth. )
承诺; 保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
2. __________________ doing sth. 目的是; 旨在
3. ____________ defeat 承认失败
4. ________ 坚决要求
5. lead to _____
6. die from _____
commit oneself to
with the objective of
acknowledge
insist on
导致
死于
7. show promise ___________
8. get stuck _________
9. by chance __________
10. draw out _____
展现出希望
陷入困境
碰巧; 偶然
提取
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and
______________________________________________. (主语+ be thought +
不定式短语)
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分, 据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人
的性命。
2. She concluded that _________________________ apparently destroyed its
medical properties. (动词-ing 形式作主语)
她得出结论, 煮青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。
is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone
boiling the sweet wormwood
3. __________________________________________________, she said, “The
honour is not just mine. . . ”(Upon doing sth. 作时间状语: 一……就……;
当……时)
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时, 她说: “这个荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize
02
语篇精读 互动探究
学习提示: 课文注释解读、难句分析、文本翻译, 详见“附录1”。
Task 1宏观建构·把握文脉
1. Complete the sentences below about the structure of this passage.
2. What’s the main idea of the text
This passage is mainly about Tu Youyou’s _____________and her way to
__________________, which saves lots of people worldwide.
achievements
discover artemisinin
Task 2微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 1
A. The global distribution of malaria cases and deaths.
B. Tu Youyou’s contribution to malaria treatment and its impact.
C. The reasons why artemisinin is effective against malaria.
D. The cooperation process behind the Nobel Prize-winning research.
2. What happened to Tu Youyou when she was 37
A. She made a decision to settle down in Hainan.
B. She was appointed head of a team of scientists.
C. She was chosen to discover a new treatment for malaria.
D. She graduated from Peking University Medical School.
3. What can be inferred from the passage about Tu Youyou’s research approach
A. It relied heavily on logical grouping of plants without previous knowledge.
B. It combined systematic analysis of traditional texts with fieldwork.
C. It was primarily driven by modern Western medical theories.
D. It focused on testing newly discovered plant species rather than ancient treatments.
4. Where does this text probably come from
A. A scientific paper.
B. A government report.
C. A news article.
D. A personal diary.
Task 3长句难句·释疑解难
She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence
suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.
[句式分析]这是一个由并列连词and组成的_______。第二个分句中
suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood作_________, 修饰one
sentence, one sentence与suggest之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。在这个动词-ing
短语中to treat the wormwood是不定式作_________, 修饰a different way。
[自主翻译]______________________________________________________
_______________________
并列句
后置定语
后置定语
她再次分析了一遍医药文献, 偶然间, 她发现了一句话, 建议用
另一种方法来处理青蒿。
Task 4语篇总结·主题深化
　　The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou(co-
winner), 1. ______ research contributed to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new
treatment for malaria to save millions of people.
　　Born in Ningbo, China, she graduated 2. _____ Peking University Medical School in
1955. She was among the first researchers 3. _______ (choose) with the objective of
discovering a new treatment for malaria. At first, she went to Hainan because there were
more malaria 4. ________ (patient). When she headed the project in 1969, she decided to
find traditional 5. _________(botany) treatments for the disease, so her team examined
over 2, 000 old medical texts and evaluated 280, 000 plants, from which they tested 380
distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments.
whose
from
chosen
patients
botanical
　　Though Tu’s team tested dried wormwood leaves and tried the liquid
6. _________(obtain)by boiling fresh wormwood, they failed. However, Tu didn’t
acknowledge defeat and 7. _________ (analyse) the medical texts again, finding a
new way to treat the wormwood. After failing over 190 times, the team
8. __________ (eventual) succeeded in 1971. This medicine 9. __________ (call)
artemisinin and soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
　　Tu owed the honour to the efforts of a team and she felt 10. __ an honour to
spread traditional Chinese medicine around the world.
obtained
analysed
eventually
was called
it
03
要点精讲 核心突破
学习提示: 例句及练习中的阴影词汇为课时词汇复现
1. vital adj. 必不可少的; 极其重要的; 充满生机的
(教材原句) Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分, 据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。
(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Your article is vital for our school English newspaper as it can offer students a precious opportunity to learn about Canadian sports culture.
你的文章对我们的校英文报至关重要, 因为它能为学生提供一个了解加拿大体育文化的宝贵机会。
【精要必记】
(1)be vital to/for. . . 　 对……极为重要
be of vital importance 至关重要的
It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要
be vital that. . . ……尤为重要
【精要必记】
(that从句谓语动词可以用should +动词原形, should可以省略, 也可以用陈述语气)
(2)vitality　　　 n. 生命力; 活力; 热情
vitally adv. 极其; 绝对
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①What’s more, some drivers don’t think it vital __________ (observe) traffic
rules.
②Regular exercise is vital ______ maintaining a healthy body and mind.
③Like an ecosystem, a team’s _______(vital) depends on the balance of each
member’s strengths.
to observe
to/for
vitality
写作·提升 完成句子/词汇升级
①(应用文之倡议书)各国必须共同努力战胜全球变暖, 以免为时过晚, 这至关重要。
_____________ nations (should) work together to defeat global warming before it’s too
late.
②(应用文之建议信)It is very important to embrace failure as a learning opportunity,
not a reason to quit.
→It is ________________ to embrace failure as a learning opportunity, not a reason to
quit.
→It is of _______________ to embrace failure as a learning opportunity, not a reason
to quit.
It is vital that
vitally important
vital importance
2. committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的
(教材原句) Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
屠呦呦, 这位尽职尽责、有耐心的科学家1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波, 1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。
(名言名句)Commitment, not talent, is the secret to overcoming repeated failures.
战胜屡次失败的秘诀是坚持, 而非天赋。
【精要必记】
(1)be committed to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事
(2)commit vt. 承诺; 保证; 犯(罪或错等); 花(钱或时间)
vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
commit oneself to(sth. /doing sth. /do sth. )
　　　　　　　　 承诺; 保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit a mistake 犯错误
(3)commitment n. 承诺, 许诺; 奉献
make/keep a commitment 做出/履行承诺
a sense of commitment 责任感/使命感
commitment to do sth. 做某事的承诺(后接不定式)
基础·练透 单句语法填空/语境串记
①My commitment ________(learn) a musical instrument requires practicing
every day.
②Both sides committed themselves ______________(settle) the problem
peacefully.
③She __________ herself to the cause, stayed __________ daily, and showed a
strong sense of ____________. (commit)
她投身于该事业, 每日坚守投入, 并展现出强烈的责任感。
to learn
to settle/settling
committed
committed
commitment
写作·提升 一句多译
(应用文之人物介绍)我最钦佩的人是我的教授, 他致力于学术研究并取得非
凡的成就。
→The person I admire most is my professor, __________________ academic
research and has made remarkable achievements. (定语从句; committed adj. )
→____________________ academic research and having made remarkable
achievements, my professor is the person I admire most. (动词-ing形式短语作
状语; commit vt. )
who is committed to
Committing himself to
3. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢
(教材原句)However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.
然而, 屠呦呦并不接受失败。
(应用文之推荐信) It is universally acknowledged that the film is not only instructive but also full of passion. 大家普遍认为这部电影不仅具有指导意义, 而且充满激情。
(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)We acknowledge that your insights into Canadian sports culture will greatly enrich our school newspaper.
我们承认你对加拿大体育文化的见解将极大丰富我们的校报。
【精要必记】
(1)acknowledge (doing/having done) sth. 承认(做)某事
acknowledge sb. /sth. to be/as 承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge that 承认……
acknowledge sth. 公开感谢某事
It’s generally/universally acknowledged that. . . ……是大家公认的
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认, 感谢, 谢礼, 收件复函
in acknowledgement of 为感谢……
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Practising oral English is universally acknowledged ___ an effective way to
learn English.
②With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge ___________________
(steal) the lady’s purse.
③I was sent a free copy in ________________ (acknowledge) of my
contribution.
as
stealing/having stolen
acknowledgement
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之感谢信)我想对你在我伦敦求学期间给予的持续指导表示感谢, 这份
指导极大地帮助我适应了那里的学术生活。
______________________________________________ during my studies in London,
which greatly helped me adapt to academic life there.
②(2024·全国甲卷)众所周知, 在过去的几十年里, 中国的交通有了巨大的发展, 使
中国人有了不同的出行方式。
___________________________________________________________________
____________ in the past decades, giving the Chinese people access to different ways
of travelling. (it作形式主语)
I would like to acknowledge your consistent guidance
It is generally/universally acknowledged that Chinese transport has seen huge
development
4. defeat n. 失败; 挫败vt. 击败; 战胜
(应用文之感谢信) It is you who encouraged me to defeat any difficulties I met in my study.
是你鼓励我战胜学习中遇到的任何困难。
(2024·全国甲卷)We suffered numerous defeats in rail design, which brought us closer to constructing the world’s most advanced high-speed network.
我们在铁路设计中经历了无数次失败, 而这些失败让我们离打造全球最先进的高铁网络更近了一步。
【精要必记】
(1)suffer a defeat 　　　　 败北
acknowledge/admit/accept defeat 承认失败; 认输
a narrow/heavy defeat 惜败/惨败
three defeats and five wins 三败五胜
(2)defeated adj. 受挫的; 沮丧的
be narrowly defeated 惜败
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2023·全国乙卷)As it turned out, Douglas did exactly what she needed to do
to become Olympic champion when she ________ (defeat) two Russians.
②Tom struggled for a while and then retired, completely ________(defeat).
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之建议信)你必须学会欣然承认失败。俗话说, 失败是成功之母。
You must ____________________________________ with good grace. As the
saying goes, failure is the mother of success.
defeated
defeated
learn to acknowledge/admit/accept defeat
②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)每一笔失败的笔触都是一次小挫折, 但它们共同为成功
铺平了道路。
Each brushstroke that didn’t work _________________, but together they paved
the way for success.
was a small defeat
5. insist vi. &vt. 坚持; 坚决要求
(教材原句)Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
屠呦呦与她的团队成员甚至坚持以身试药, 以确保药物的安全性。
(读后续写之人物描写)The homeless man started tearing and insisted he (should)get my address or phone number so that he could repay me someday. 那个无家可归的人开始流泪, 坚持要我的地址或电话号码, 以便有一天他可以报答我。
【精要必记】
(1)insist (坚持说/认为) that. . . , 从句用陈述语气
insist (坚决要求/坚持) that, 从句用虚拟语气: (should) do sth.
insist on (doing) sth. 坚持/坚决要求(做)某事
(2)insistence n. 坚决要求; 坚持; 固执
at one’s insistence 在某人的坚持下
with insistence 坚持地
(3) insistent adj. 坚持的; 坚决的; 持续的
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①The expert insisted that the way to evaluate the research result ____(be)wrong.
②At the team leader’s _________(insist), we not only acknowledged the
mistakes but also developed a plan to revise them.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之建议信)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记, 你会很容易提高你的书
面英语。
If you _______________________________ every day, you can improve your
written English with ease.
was
insistence
insist on keeping diaries in English
②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我的老师向我投来鼓励的目光, 他坚持认为我有写作天
赋, 还坚持要我参加即将到来的写作比赛。
My teacher gave me an encouraging look, insisting that ________________
_______ and that ____________________ the upcoming writing competition.
I had a talent for
writing
I should participate in
6. 主语+be thought +不定式(短语)
(教材原句)Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分, 据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。
[句型解构]
(1)该句型意为“……被认为……”, 不
定式(短语)根据需要有时态和语态的
变化, 即:
(2)该句型可与“It is thought that. . . ”互换。
(3)常用于该句型的过去分词还有said, believed, considered, reported 等。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①No one knows how the festival began but it is said _________________
(originate) in Canada.
②Chinese is thought ____________ (speak) even more widely in the future world.
写作·提升 完成句子/一句多译
①(应用文之传统文化)昆曲被普遍认为是苏州的象征之一。
Kun Opera _______________________ one of the symbols of Suzhou.
to have originated
to be spoken
is widely considered to be
②(应用文之人物介绍)李教授被认为在改革高中数学教育中发挥了关键作用。
Professor Li ______________________ a vital role in reforming high school
mathematics education.
③(应用文之建议信)人们相信, 学生通过制订个性化的学习计划可以获得独特
的学习效果。
→________________ students can obtain distinct learning effects by developing
personalized study plans. (it作形式主语)
→Students _____________ obtain distinct learning effects by developing
personalized study plans.
is thought to have played
It is believed that
are believed to
7. Upon/On +(doing) sth.
(教材原句) Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. . . . ”
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时, 她说: “这个荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
(2024·浙江1月高考)Upon stepping into the campus, she was shocked by the huge school building.
她一踏进校园, 就被那巨大的教学楼吓了一跳。
[句型解构]
Upon/On +(doing) sth. 为介词短语, 在句中作时间状语, 意为“当……时; 在……的时候; 一……就……”, 常用于正式文体中, 相当于 as soon as /the moment/immediately+句子。
写作·提升 完成句子/一句多译
①(读后续写之动作、情感描写)看到他的旧照片, 记忆如潮水般涌来——阳光明
媚的午后, 笑声在空荡荡的大厅回荡。
_______________________________________________________—sunlit afternoons,
laughter echoing in empty halls.
②(应用文之祝贺信)听到你胜利的消息, 我非常高兴地向你表示祝贺。
→_____________________________________, I was more than delighted to express
my congratulations. (介词+v. -ing)
→_____________________________________________________________, I was
more than delighted to express my congratulations. (时间状语从句)
Upon/On seeing his old photo, a flood of memories rushed back
Upon/On hearing the news of your victory
As soon as/The moment/ Immediately I heard the news of your victory
【要点拾遗】
1. crucial adj. 至关重要的; 关键性的
(教材原句) This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一), 她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。
(应用文之观点表达)While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns.
尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要, 但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。
【精要必记】
(1)be crucial to/for. . . 　 对……至关重要
play a crucial role in. . . 在……中起着至关重要的作用
be crucial that. . . ……极其重要
(that从句谓语动词可以用should +动词原形, should可以省略, 也可以用陈述语气)
(2)crucially adv. 关键地; 至关重要地
crucially important 极其重要的
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Certainly, the early years are crucial ______ a child’s development.
②It is ________ (crucial)important that we are ready for this time.
写作·提升 完成句子/翻译句子
①(应用文之建议信)积极的学习习惯在语言学习中起着至关重要的作用。
Positive study habits ___________________ language learning.
②(应用文之建议信)不进则退。重要的是一旦实现了一个目标, 你应该立刻设
定一个新的目标。
Unless you progress, you go backwards. _______________ you immediately
(should) set a new one once you complete an objective.
to/for
crucially
play a crucial role in
It is crucial that
③(应用文之人物介绍)At the crucial moment, he showed great foresight and
turned back the powers of darkness.
_________________________________
在关键时刻, 他高瞻远瞩, 力挽狂澜。
2. objective n. 目标; 目的adj. 客观的
(教材原句)In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.
1967年, 中国政府成立了一支科学家团队, 旨在发现一种新型抗疟疾疗法, 屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。
(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)After conducting an objective judgement of both options, I believe “Fun at my school” matches better with the newspaper’s mission to celebrate student achievements.
在对两个选项进行客观评判后, 我认为 “校园趣闻” 更符合校报弘扬学生成就的宗旨。
【精要必记】
(1)set an objective/set objectives　 设定目标
with the objective of　　　　　　 目的是; 旨在
(2)objectively adv. 客观地
反义词: subjectively adv. 主观地
(3)object n. 宗旨; 目的; 目标; 对象; 客体; 宾语
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①She started a fitness journey _____ the objective of improving her physical
condition and building a healthier lifestyle.
②Try to view situations more __________ (objective), especially with regard to
work.
写作·提升 完成句子/翻译句子
①一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标。
A way of setting realistic goals is to analyse ______________________
_________.
with
objectively
your short and long term
objectives
②这次会议的主要目的是进一步介绍我们的计划。
____________________________________ is to give more information on our
plans.
③We should make an objective evaluation of the report rather than relying on
subjective opinions.
__________________________________________________
The main objective/object of this meeting
我们应该对报告作一个客观的评价, 而不是凭主观意见。
【词形变化专练】
Ⅰ. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
“大多数表示学科的以-y结尾的名词(y变i)+后缀-cal”构成形容词
botany n. +-cal → botanical adj. 植物学的
1. history n. → _________ adj. 历史的
2. biology n. → _________ adj. 生物学的
3. economy n. →___________ adj. 经济的
4. technology n. → _____________adj. 技术的
5. philosophy n. →____________ adj. 哲学的
6. sociology n. →___________ adj. 社会的; 社会学的
7. ecology n. →__________adj. 生态的; 生态学的
historical
biological
economical
technological
philosophical
sociological
ecological
Ⅱ. 根据构词法填写所给词的正确形式
1. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) Cycling is the most ___________(economy), sustainable
and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and
countless lights.
2. London was a wonderland of _________(history) sites, museums and theatres.
3. Sleep is essential for maintaining normal _________(biology) rhythms.
4. This book offers a deep dive into the ____________(philosophy) foundations
of modern science.
economical
historical
biological
philosophical
5. She conducted a ___________ (sociology) survey on the impact of social
media on youth relationships.
6. Many cities are promoting _________(ecology) civilization to achieve
sustainable development.
sociological
ecologicalUnit 1　People of Achievement
读后续写高分进阶
一教材语料积累
词 汇 【人物描写】 commit oneself to (sth. /doing sth. /do sth. ) 承诺; 保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)　academic adj. 学业的; 学术的　passion n. 酷爱; 激情　under no circumstances 无论如何不　numerous adj. 众多的; 许多的 gentle adj. 温柔的; 文静的　genius n. (pl. geniuses) 天才; 天资; 天赋　take up a position 担任; 任职　peculiarity n. 个性; 特点; 怪异的性质　remarkable adj. 非凡的; 显著的　extraordinary adj. 不一般的; 非凡的; 意想不到的　committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的　brilliant adj. 聪颖的; 绝妙的 【动作描写】 encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到　mourn vt. &. vi. 哀悼; 忧伤　evaluate vt. 评价; 评估　boil vt. &vi. (使)沸腾; 煮开; 烧开　obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行　defeat vt. 击败; 战胜　acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢　insist vi. &vt. 坚持; 坚决要求　insist on 坚决要求　flee vi. &vt. (fled, fled)迅速离开; 逃跑　flow vi. 流; 流动
美 句 【人物描写】 1. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930. (P2) 屠呦呦, 这位尽职尽责、有耐心的科学家1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波。 2. Lu Xun, acknowledged as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing. (P4) 鲁迅出生在绍兴, 被公认为是中国最伟大的现代作家之一。 3. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. (P8) 爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才, 而且是一位广受爱戴的勇敢、善良的人。 4. To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. (P8) 在大众眼中, 爱因斯坦是一个外表有点古怪但生性善良、风趣幽默的人。 5. Albert Einstein, . . . is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. (P8) 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦, ……被公认是有史以来智商最高的人之一。 【主旨升华句】 It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. (P3) 中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。 【修辞手法】 1. (暗喻)Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. (P8) 身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。 2. (夸张+明喻)He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. (P8) 他胡须浓密, 头发又长又白, 有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
二拓展语料储备(修辞手法之比喻、夸张)
词 汇 like a cat on hot bricks 像热锅上的蚂蚁　shine like a diamond 像钻石一样闪闪发光　like lightning 像闪电一样　like a fish out of water 感觉不自在; 格格不入　as happy as a lark 兴高采烈; 如云雀般欢畅　as hard as a stone 坚如磐石　as hungry as a wolf 饥肠辘辘　as proud as a peacock 非常自豪; 自高自大　as pretty as a picture 美如画　a sea of faces 人群密集如海洋　a blanket of snow 雪如毯子　a heart of stone 石头般的心　the ladder of success 成功的阶梯　freeze to death 冻死了　break one’s heart 心碎; 极度悲伤 eat a horse 吃掉一匹马; 极度饥饿
美 句 1. The smile on her face shone like a diamond. 她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。 2. I couldn’t move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. 我的腿动不了, 就好像被固定在地板上似的。 3. Love is like the wind; you can’t see it but you can feel it. 爱如风, 你看不见, 但你能感受到它。 4. Her hair was a flowing golden river streaming down her shoulders. 她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。 5. I felt a lump in my throat, tears welling up in my eyes. 我如鲠在喉, 泪水湿润了眼眶。 6. A heavy silence blanketed the room. 整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。 7. I’m drowning in a sea of pleasure. 我沉浸在愉快的海洋中。 8. The rain was coming down in buckets. 大雨倾盆而下。 9. I was so hungry that I could eat a horse. 我饿得都能吃下一匹马了。
三完成句子: 根据以上语料完成句子
1. 她致力于环境保护, 被公认为倡导者。在任何情况下都不会妥协。(commit, acknowledge, circumstance)
She committed herself to environmental protection, and was acknowledged as an advocate. Under no circumstances would she give in.
2. 她对科学怀有热忱, 坚持认为好奇心有助于获得卓越的发现。(passion, insist, obtain, remarkable)
She has a passion for science and insists that curiosity helps obtain remarkable discoveries.
3. 等待考试结果时, 她在走廊里踱步, 如同热锅上的蚂蚁。
She paced up and down the hallway like a cat on hot bricks while waiting for the test result.
4. 整个房子沉浸在欢歌笑语中。
The whole house was blanketed in cheerful laughter and songs.
5. 孩子们在花园追蝴蝶时, 笑得像云雀般欢畅。
The kids laughed as happily as a lark while chasing butterflies in the garden.
四片段续写: 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇或句式, 完成以下语段
　　Yuan Longping, 1. acknowledged to be/as(被公认为) the “Father of Hybrid Rice”, was 2. a gentle giant who committed all his life to conquering hunger with passion(一位温柔的巨人, 毕生怀着热忱致力于战胜饥饿). His research, an ocean of innovation, nurtured millions 3. like a sun sustaining life (如同滋养生命的太阳), though he 4. encountered storms of doubt and never acknowledged defeat(曾遭遇怀疑的风暴, 却从未认输). 5. As an extraordinary genius(作为一位杰出的天才), he saw rice plants 6. as tall as trees(像树一样高大) in his dreams, a vision that fueled his consistent pursuit. When he passed away, many Chinese people 7. drowned in a sea of sorrow(沉浸在悲痛的海洋中) and 8. tears flowed down cheeks uncontrollablly(泪水不受控制地从脸颊滑落), mourning 9. a soul who turned fields into gold (把田野化作黄金的灵魂). His legacy, 10. like a river of hope(如希望之河), proved that one man’s dedication can rewrite the story of humanity—no storm too fierce, no dream too bold for a heart rooted in the earth and reaching for the stars.
阶段综合测评, 请使用　“单元综合检测(一)”(共59张PPT)
01
必备知识 自主导学
02
语篇精读 互动探究
03
要点精讲 核心突破
Unit 1　People of Achievement
Part 3　Using Language
04
书面表达 思维构建
01
必备知识 自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. receive numerous awards 　　　 获得_____奖项
2. the general theory of relativity 广义_____论
3. the institution of marriage 婚姻_____
4. ____ Germany 逃离德国
5. social _____________ 社会环境
6. future ________ 未来的天才
7. at the _______ office 在专利局
8. _____________ physics papers 不一般的物理学论文
无数
相对
制度
flee
circumstances
geniuses
patent
extraordinary
9. a research ________ 一个研究所
10. __________ a number of difficulties 碰到很多困难
11. a college _________ 一个大学教授
12. rhetorical _______ 修辞手法
13. review ______ 检查草稿
institute
encounter
professor
devices
drafts
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. ___________n. 结论; 推论→conclude vt. 断定; 推断出; 得出结论
2. ______ n. (长篇)小说→________ n. 小说家
3. ______ vt. 建立; 创建; 把……建立在→founder n. 创始人; 建立者
→ foundation n. 创建; 创办
4. ______vt. 推断; 推定→inference n. 推论; 推理; 推断
5. _________ n. 从政者; 政治家; 政客→________ adj. 政治的→_______ n. 政治
6. ______ adj. 温柔的; 文静的→gentleness n. 温柔; 温顺→______
adv. 温柔地; 温和地; 文静地
conclusion
novel
novelist
found
infer
politician
political
politics
gentle
gently
7. _______ n. 酷爱; 激情 →passionate adj. 热情的
8. ________ adj. 逐渐的; 渐进的→_________ adv. 逐渐地; 逐步地
9. __________ n. 制度; 习俗; 社会公共机构→________ n. (教育、专业等)机
构; 机构建筑
10. ____________ n. 结果; 后果→consequent adj. 随之而来的; 随之发生的;
作为结果的→consequently adv. 因此; 所以
11. remark n. 引人注目; 显耀→___________ adj. 非凡的; 显著的
→___________ adv. 非常; 格外; 出乎意料地
passion
gradual
gradually
institution
institute
consequence
remarkable
remarkably
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. _____________ (正常使用造成的)磨损; 损耗
2. _____________ (开始)掌权; 上台
3. ________________ 担任; 任职
4. _______ 总结; 概括
5. ________________ 对……充满热情; 酷爱
6. as a consequence _____
7. stand on end __________
8. flow chart _______
9. be mistaken for. . . _____________
10. pass away _____
wear and tear
come to power
take up a position
sum up
have a passion for
因此
竖立; 竖起
流程图
被误认为……
去世
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. ___________________, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued
to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. (状语从句的省略)
在那里工作期间, 出于强烈的求知欲, 他仍继续学习, 于1905年获得物理学
博士学位。
2. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, _______________________
_____________________________________________. (as though/if虚拟语气)
他胡须浓密, 头发又长又白, 有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
While working there
which sometimes stood on
end as though he had just received an electric shock
02
语篇精读 互动探究
Task 1宏观建构·把握文脉
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Task 2微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. What were Albert Einstein’s favorite subjects in senior high school
A. Politics and geography.
B. Physics and maths.
C. English and art.
D. Chemistry and history.
2. When did Einstein publish four extraordinary physics papers
A. In 1902. B. In 1904. C. In 1905. D. In 1906.
3. What can we infer about Einstein from the last sentence in Paragraph 5
A. He was sometimes committed.
B. He was sometimes generous.
C. He was sometimes careless.
D. He was sometimes humorous.
Task 3长句难句·释疑解难
There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door
and asked for help with her homework.
[句式分析]本句是复合句。how引导_________, 从句中又包括一个who引导
的_________, 修饰先行词a little girl, who在从句中作主语。
[自主翻译]_____________________________________________________
_________________
宾语从句
定语从句
甚至还有一个故事, 说他曾帮助过一个敲开他家门的小女孩,
让他帮忙做作业。
Task 4语篇总结·主题深化
　　Albert Einstein, 1. _____ is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics,
made numerous contributions to the world. At 16, he tried to enter university in
Switzerland, 2. _______ failed due to his low scores in the general part of the
entrance exam. After studying for another year, he managed 3. _______ (pass) the
exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. Later, Einstein took a
job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong
passion 4. ____ knowledge, he continued to study, 5. ________ (earn) a doctorate
who
but/yet
to pass
for
earning
in physics in 1905. That same year, his four extraordinary physics papers
6. ______________ (publish). Following this, he 7. _________(gradual) became famous
throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921
Nobel Prize in Physics for his 8. ___________ (explain) of the photoelectric effect.
　　When Hitler came to power in Germany, Einstein found the doors of academic
institutions 9. ______ (close) to him. Consequently, he had to flee Germany. After
spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute
for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. On 18 April 1955, it 10. ____________ (report)
that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a
brilliant scientist.
were published
gradually
explanation
closed
was reported
03
要点精讲 核心突破
1. conclusion n. 结论; 推论
(经典例句)I drew/came to/reached a conclusion from my own experiences that it is important to work with our own hands.
我从我自己的经历中得出结论: 用自己的双手劳动很重要。
In conclusion, this experience taught me the importance of empathy and tolerance in family relationships.
总之, 这次经历让我明白了在家庭关系中共情和宽容的重要性。
【精要必记】
(1)draw/come to/reach a conclusion(that. . . ) 得出结论(……)
jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论
in conclusion 总而言之; 最后
(2)conclude v. 推断出; 得出结论: (使)结束, 终止
conclude(. . . )with/by doing sth. 以……结束(……)
conclude. . . from. . . 从……中推断出……
to conclude 总而言之; 最后
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①At the __________(conclude) of the party, I was requested to sing an English
song.
②The evening party concluded _____ dinner and speeches.
conclusion
with
写作·提升 一句多译/翻译句子
①(应用文之活动介绍)我从这次活动中得出结论: 只有通过亲身实践才能掌
握生活的技能。
→I _________________________that only by practicing in person can I master
the skills of life. (conclude)
→I __________________________________________________only by
practicing in person can I master the skills of life. (conclusion)
②Bear in mind that we should by no means jump to conclusions.
____________________________
concluded from the activity
came to/reached/drew a conclusion from the activity that
记住, 我们绝不能草率下结论。
2. circumstance n. [usually pl. ]条件; 环境; 状况
(教材原句)Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany.
1933年, 希特勒在德国上台, 形势发生了变化。
(应用文之建议信)In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller and richer life by setting a clear intention.
在任何时刻、任何情况下, 你都可以通过设定一个明确的目标来选择过一种更充实、更丰富的生活。
【精要必记】
in certain circumstances　 在一定条件下
social circumstances 社会环境
financial circumstances 经济状况
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下, 既然如此
under/in no circumstances(=by no means) 决不, 无论如何不(放在句
首时句子要部分倒装)
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①It might not be a perfect solution, but it’s the best I can do ________ the
circumstances.
②This organization offers help and support to single mothers, whatever their
_____________(circumstance) are.
③___ no means should we underestimate the power of technological innovation.
in/under
circumstances
By
写作·提升 完成句子/翻译句子
①(应用文之人物介绍)他个性中具有强大的意志力。在任何情况下他都不
会丧失信心。
Willpower is a characteristic of his personality. ________________________
_______________.
②At no time should we rush to a conclusion without gradually understanding
the objective circumstances.
_____________________________________________________
Under/In no circumstances
will he lose heart
我们绝不能在未逐渐了解客观情况的前提下就仓促下结论。
3. consequence n. 结果; 后果
(教材原句)As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. 因此, 他不得不逃离德国。
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)I handed my teacher the award certificate, my hands still shaking. In consequence, he smiled and said, “You’ve learned the true lesson: writing is not about perfection, but about courage. ”
我把获奖证书递给老师, 双手还在颤抖。于是, 他微笑着说: “你已经领悟到了真正的道理: 写作无关完美, 而在于勇气。”
(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)It wasn’t until Toby touched my hand that I realized the true consequence of my pride: the risk of losing the one person who had always stood by me.
直到托比碰了碰我的手, 我才意识到骄傲自大带来的真正后果: 那便是有可能失去那个一直默默支持我的人。
【精要必记】
(1)as a consequence of/in consequence of (=as a result of)　 由于; 因为
as a consequence/in consequence(=as a result) 因此; 结果; 于是
suffer/take the consequences 承受/承担后果
(2)consequent adj. 随之发生的; 作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此; 所以
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①___ consequence of his careless driving, he was fined heavily.
②_____________ (consequent), some viewers began to turn away from cinemas,
leading to a slower growth.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之人物介绍)尽管可能会被误解, 李叔叔仍然负责任, 并致力于他的工作。
因此, 他值得我们尊敬。
Regardless of possibly getting misunderstood, Uncle Li is responsible and committed
to his job. ____________________________________________________________.
In
Consequently
As a consequence/In consequence/As a result, he deserves our respect
②(应用文之建议信)我真诚地建议你提前为即将到来的考试做准备。否则,
你可能要承担成绩不理想的后果。
I sincerely suggest that you start preparing for the coming exam in advance.
Otherwise, ______________________________________________________.
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)正是由于他那份深切的信任, 我才明白了信守承诺的重
要性。
It was ___________________________________ I learned the importance of
keeping one’s word.
you may take the consequence of getting disappointing grades
as a consequence of his strong trust that
4. take up a position 担任; 任职
(教材原句)After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA.
在欧洲待了一段时间后, 他最终在美国普林斯顿高等研究院找到了一份研究员的工作。
(应用文之求助信)I know how busy you must be but I have to take up a little bit of your time to ask you for help. 我知道你一定很忙, 但我必须占用你一点时间来寻求你的帮助。
(应用文之建议信)Every student is supposed to take up a sporting activity for a healthy life.
为了健康的生活, 每个学生都应该参加体育活动。
【图解助记】
基础·练透 写出下列句子中take up 的精准含义
①Alice always helps her mother even though going to school takes up most of
her day. _____
②She took up the story where Tim had left off. ______________
③After retirement, she took up gardening for a while, but soon lost interest.
______________
④Rick took up the challenge and cycled alone for 250 miles. _____
占用
接着讲; 继续讲
开始做; 学着做
接受
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之推荐信)汤姆, 一个有激情的人, 曾经担任过学生会主席的职位,
所以我认为他是最适合这个职位的。
Tom, a person with passion, once ___________________________ of the
Student Association, so I think he is the best fit for the position.
②(应用文之倡议书)为了减少污染, 我们应该开始骑自行车上班, 而不是开
车去上班。
To reduce pollution, we should _____________________ to work rather than
driving a car.
took up a position as chairman
take up riding a bicycle
5. find+宾语+宾语补足语
(教材原句)Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.
身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。
[句型解构]
句中“found the doors of academic institutions closed”为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。closed为过去分词作宾语补足语, 动词close与the doors of academic institutions之间为逻辑上的动宾关系, 表示被动。find的复合宾语结构如下:
find+宾语+
【知识深一度】
不定式作find的真正宾语用法提醒
　　当不定式作find的宾语时, 通常用it作形式宾语, 真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后, 即构成“find +it(形式宾语)+宾语补足语+不定式(真正的宾语)”结构。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①I turned to find him _______(come) towards me, his small body rocking from
side to side as he swung his feet forward.
②Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ____(lose) for words.
③In conclusion, I find volunteering __________(reward) and instructive.
coming
lost
rewarding
写作·提升 完成句子
①(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)久而久之, 我发现自己在这里感觉无比自在。
Over time, I’ve __________________ extremely at home here.
②(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)当哥哥看到我站在门口时, 我发现他沉默不语, 还有些
惊讶。
_______________________________________ when he saw me at the door.
③起初我觉得很难适应新环境, 但渐渐地我爱上了它。
At first I __________________________________________, but gradually I fell
in love with it.
found myself feeling
I found my brother silent and a bit surprised
found it hard to fit in with the new environment
【词形变化专练】
Ⅰ. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
形容词+后缀-ity构成名词
relative adj. →relativity n. 相对论; 相对性
1. major adj. →_________ n. 大多数
2. real adj. →_______ n. 现实
3. personal adj. →___________ n. 个性
4. able adj. →_______ n. 能力
majority
reality
personality
ability
5. diverse adj. →________ n. 多样性
6. popular adj. →__________ n. 流行, 普及, 受欢迎
7. minor adj. →_________ n. 少数
8. positive adj. → _________ n. 积极性
diversity
popularity
minority
positivity
Ⅱ. 根据构词法填写所给词的正确形式
1. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)Although these campaigns were widespread, the _______
(real) is that the _________(major) of the western cities were completely
redesigned around the needs of the motor car.
2. (2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Each has a ___________(personal) shaped by the goods
and services produced and traded for centuries.
3. With proper training, most people can unlock their hidden ________(able).
4. Protecting cultural ________(diverse) is crucial for preserving the world’s
unique heritage.
reality
majority
personality
abilities
diversity
5. Her kindness and sense of humor have earned her great __________(popular)
among friends.
6. The company is committed to achieving ________(equal) in pay for employees
doing the same work.
7. We should respect the cultural traditions and customs of _________(minor)
groups.
8. Research shows that long-term _________ (positive) can have a beneficial
impact on physical and mental health.
popularity
equality
minority
positivity
04
书面表达 思维构建
人物简介
【写作指导】
1. 题型解读
　　本单元的写作任务是人物简介。人物简介是高中生基础写作任务中常见的一种话题类型。它涉及人的出生、家庭背景、教育、生平经历、成就和评价等。
2. 考试要求
　　考试中此类文体出现频度较高, 同学们要注意其文体应该是记叙中的说明, 注意运用符合人物的词汇、句式来描述人物的性格、特点、外貌、生平、评价等; 同时还要注意人称和时态的合理使用。
　　人称多为第一人称或第三人称; 介绍他人的经历使用第三人称。时态多为一般现在时和一般过去时(视具体情况而定, 也可以穿插其他时态)。
3. 篇章结构
此类写作一般分为三部分:
1. 话题词汇
(1)be born in　　　　　 出生于……
(2)a pioneer in . . . 是……的先驱
(3)serve as a good role model 作为一个好榜样; 堪称楷模
(4)determined/diligent adj. 有决心的/勤奋的
(5)extraordinary/ambitious adj. 不一般的; 非凡的; 意想不到的/有雄心的
(6)be known as. . . 被称作……; 作为……而闻名
(7)devote all one’s life to 毕生致力于……; 一生奉献于……
(8)commit oneself to. . . 致力于……; 承诺/保证做……
(9)have a gift/talent for 对……有天赋
(10)graduate from 毕业于
(11)major in 主修; 专攻
(12)make outstanding contributions to. . . 对……作出杰出的贡献
(13)take up a position 担任; 任职
(14)make a big difference to. . . 对……产生重大影响
(15)set a good example for/to 为……树立好榜样
(16)enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎
(17)make a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象
2. 话题句式
(1)There are many scientists renowned at home and abroad who have made outstanding contributions to the world in various fields, of whom Lin Qiaozhi is the one I admire most.
国内外有许多知名科学家在各个领域为世界作出了杰出贡献, 其中林巧稚是我最敬佩的一位。
(2)When it comes to my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.
谈起我最喜欢的中国历史人物, 那一定是魏源, 晚清时代的伟大思想家。
(3)Born in 1901 in Xiamen, Lin Qiaozhi dedicated her life to obstetrics and gynecology, delivering over 50, 000 babies in China.
林巧稚 1901 年生于厦门, 毕生投身于妇产科, 在中国接生了超过 5 万名婴儿。
(4)Madame Curie was an outstanding physicist and chemist, known worldwide for her outstanding contributions in the field of radioactivity research.
居里夫人是一位杰出的物理学家和化学家, 以其在放射性研究领域的卓越贡献而闻名世界。
(5)Greatly inspired by her teacher, she majored in English in college to be a bridge between China and the world in the future.
深受老师的启发, 她在大学主修英语, 希望将来能成为中国与世界沟通的桥梁。
(6)There is no doubt that he is a great hero in the history of China.
毫无疑问, 他是中国历史上的一位伟大英雄。
(7)He serves as a good role model and makes great contributions to society.
他是一个好榜样, 对社会作出了巨大贡献。
(8)Even more amazing is that she, unlike many other athletes, is a talented girl in the skiing world as well as an excellent student with a high score.
更令人惊叹的是, 不同于其他很多运动员, 她不仅是滑雪界的天才少女, 也是妥妥的学霸一枚。
(9)It was her dedication that saved countless patients in clinical practice as well as achieved a significant breakthrough in scientific research.
正是她的奉献精神, 让她在临床实践中拯救了无数患者, 也在(妇产科)科研领域取得了重大突破。
(10)Not only has he helped me obtain a better knowledge of that time but also he has taught me the importance of insistence.
他不仅帮助我对那个时代有了更好的了解, 而且还让我懂得了坚持的重要性。
(11)Her courage and perseverance inspire me to pursue my dreams despite various challenges, making a big difference to my study and life.
她的勇敢和毅力激励着我不畏艰难去追求梦想, 对我的学习和生活都产生了巨大影响。
(12)Miss Zhang, an ordinary person who has been pursuing an extraordinary career, deserves to be the Person of the Year in our school.
张老师, 一位始终追求非凡事业的普通人, 理应成为我校的年度人物。
【实践应用】
　　你校将举办英语演讲比赛, 请你以“The Scientist in My Eyes”为题写一篇发言稿参赛, 内容包括:
　　1. 人物介绍;
　　2. 受尊敬和爱戴的原因;
　　3. 你的评价。
【写作思维流程】
Step 1: 谋篇布局
Step 2: 遣词造句
1. 中国有很多伟大的科学家, 其中我最喜欢的是赵九章。
There are numerous great scientists in China, _____________________________
is Zhao Jiuzhang.
2. 赵九章, 不仅是一位杰出的物理学家, 更是中国首颗人造卫星的设计者之
一, 被公认为 “中国人造卫星之父”。(acknowledge)
Zhao Jiuzhang, not only an extraordinary physicist but also one of the designers
of China’s first man-made satellite, _________________ Father of Chinese
Artificial Satellites.
among whom the one I like most
is acknowledged as
3. 1933年, 他从清华大学毕业。之后, 他去了柏林大学学习气象学。
In 1933, he ________________________________. Following this, he went to study
meteorology in Berlin University.
4. 回到中国后, 他把一生都奉献给物理和气候的研究, 并因此收获了无数奖项。(commit)
After returning to China, he ____________________________________ and climate and
consequently he received numerous awards.
5. 1968 年, 我们痛失了这位杰出的科学家, 但他献身科学与祖国的精神一直激励着我。
1968 witnessed the great loss of the brilliant scientist, ___________________________
_________________________________________.
graduated from Tsinghua University
committed his life to the study of physics
but the spirit of his devotion to
science and our country has been inspiring me
Step 3: 句式升级
6. 用过去分词作后置定语升级句2
Zhao Jiuzhang, ________________________________________________, is not only an
extraordinary physicist but also one of the designers of China’s first man-made satellite.
7. 用定语从句(介词+which)升级句4
After returning to China, he ______________________________________________,
_________ he received numerous awards.
8. 用强调句型升级句5
1968 witnessed the great loss of the brilliant scientist, _____________________________
_______________________________________________.
acknowledged as Father of Chinese Artificial Satellites
committed his life to the study of physics and climate
for which
but it is the spirit of his devotion
to science and our country that has been inspiring me
Step 4: 完美成篇
The Scientist in My Eyes
　　___________________________________________________________________________
_________
　　__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
　　________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
There are numerous great scientists in China, among whom the one I like most is Zhao
Jiuzhang.
Zhao Jiuzhang, acknowledged as Father of Chinese Artificial Satellites, is not only an
extraordinary physicist but also one of the designers of China’s first man-made satellite. In
1933, he graduated from Tsinghua University. Following this, he went to study meteorology
in Berlin University. After returning to China, he committed his life to the study of physics
and climate, for which he received numerous awards.
There is no doubt that his contributions are of vital significance and he sets a good
example to me. 1968 witnessed the great loss of the brilliant scientist, but it is the spirit of his
devotion to science and our country that has been inspiring me.Unit 1　People of Achievement
[主题语境: 人与社会之杰出人物]
【引言解读】
Try to become not a man of success, but try rather to become a man of value. —Albert Einstein
[释义]People are successful when they receive a high return on their investment. However, it is still unable to show the value of the person. Only if one invests more than he could ever receive to give to others would he be valuable to others.
[译文]努力不是为了功成名就, 而是为了成为有价值的人。 ——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
Part 1　Reading and Thinking
必备知识·自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖
2. the extract from sweet wormwоod 青蒿提取物
3. a crucial new treatment for malaria 一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新疗法
4. play a vital role in. . . 在……方面起着极其重要的作用
5. medical properties 药学属性
6. boil fresh wormwood 煮青蒿
7. obtain the liquid 获得液体
8. a narrow defeat 惜败
9. chemical substances 化学物质
10. mostly contain facts 主要包含事实
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. commit vi. &vt. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等); 承诺, 保证→committed adj. 坚信的; 尽心尽力的; 坚定的→commitment n. 承诺; 许诺; 奉献
2. academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 学会; 专科院校→academic adj. 学业的; 学术的→academically adv. 学术上; 学业上
3. objective n. 目标; 目的 adj. 客观的→object n. 目标; 物体; 宾语 v. 不同意; 不赞成; 反对
4. botanical adj. 植物学的→botany n. 植物学
5. evaluate vt. 评价; 评估→evaluation n. 评价; 评估→evaluative adj. 评估的, 评价的
6. distinct adj. 有区别的; 清楚的; 清晰的→distinction n. 差别; 区别; 对比→distinctive adj. 独特的, 有特色的
7. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢→ acknowledgement n. 确认; 感谢; 承认
8. analyse/analyze vt. 分析→analysis n. 分析
9. apparently adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然→apparent adj. 显然的; 显然; 显而易见
10. science n. 科学→scientific adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的→scientist n. 科学家
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. commit oneself to (sth. /doing sth. /do sth. ) 承诺; 保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
2. with the objective of doing sth. 目的是; 旨在
3. acknowledge defeat 承认失败
4. insist on 坚决要求
5. lead to 导致
6. die from 死于
7. show promise 展现出希望
8. get stuck 陷入困境
9. by chance 碰巧; 偶然
10. draw out 提取
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone. (主语+ be thought +不定式短语)
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分, 据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。
2. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. (动词-ing 形式作主语)
她得出结论, 煮青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。
3. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. . . ”(Upon doing sth. 作时间状语: 一……就……; 当……时)
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时, 她说: “这个荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
语篇精读·互动探究
学习提示: 课文注释解读、难句分析、文本翻译, 详见“附录1”。
Task 1宏观建构·把握文脉
1. Complete the sentences below about the structure of this passage.
2. What’s the main idea of the text
This passage is mainly about Tu Youyou’s achievements and her way to discover artemisinin, which saves lots of people worldwide.
Task 2微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 1
A. The global distribution of malaria cases and deaths.
B. Tu Youyou’s contribution to malaria treatment and its impact.
C. The reasons why artemisinin is effective against malaria.
D. The cooperation process behind the Nobel Prize-winning research.
2. What happened to Tu Youyou when she was 37
A. She made a decision to settle down in Hainan.
B. She was appointed head of a team of scientists.
C. She was chosen to discover a new treatment for malaria.
D. She graduated from Peking University Medical School.
3. What can be inferred from the passage about Tu Youyou’s research approach
A. It relied heavily on logical grouping of plants without previous knowledge.
B. It combined systematic analysis of traditional texts with fieldwork.
C. It was primarily driven by modern Western medical theories.
D. It focused on testing newly discovered plant species rather than ancient treatments.
4. Where does this text probably come from
A. A scientific paper.
B. A government report.
C. A news article.
D. A personal diary.
答案: 1~4. BCBC
Task 3长句难句·释疑解难
She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.
[句式分析]这是一个由并列连词and组成的并列句。第二个分句中suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood作后置定语, 修饰one sentence, one sentence与suggest之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。在这个动词-ing短语中to treat the wormwood是不定式作后置定语, 修饰a different way。
[自主翻译]她再次分析了一遍医药文献, 偶然间, 她发现了一句话, 建议用另一种方法来处理青蒿。
Task 4语篇总结·主题深化
　　The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou(co-winner), 1. whose research contributed to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria to save millions of people.
　　Born in Ningbo, China, she graduated 2. from Peking University Medical School in 1955. She was among the first researchers 3. chosen (choose) with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria. At first, she went to Hainan because there were more malaria 4. patients (patient). When she headed the project in 1969, she decided to find traditional 5. botanical(botany) treatments for the disease, so her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts and evaluated 280, 000 plants, from which they tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments.
　　Though Tu’s team tested dried wormwood leaves and tried the liquid 6. obtained(obtain)by boiling fresh wormwood, they failed. However, Tu didn’t acknowledge defeat and 7. analysed (analyse) the medical texts again, finding a new way to treat the wormwood. After failing over 190 times, the team 8. eventually (eventual) succeeded in 1971. This medicine 9. was called (call) artemisinin and soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
　　Tu owed the honour to the efforts of a team and she felt 10. it an honour to spread traditional Chinese medicine around the world.
要点精讲·核心突破
学习提示: 例句及练习中的阴影词汇为课时词汇复现
1. vital adj. 必不可少的; 极其重要的; 充满生机的
(教材原句) Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分, 据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。
(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Your article is vital for our school English newspaper as it can offer students a precious opportunity to learn about Canadian sports culture.
你的文章对我们的校英文报至关重要, 因为它能为学生提供一个了解加拿大体育文化的宝贵机会。
【精要必记】
(1)be vital to/for. . . 　 对……极为重要
be of vital importance 至关重要的
It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要
be vital that. . . ……尤为重要
【精要必记】
(that从句谓语动词可以用should +动词原形, should可以省略, 也可以用陈述语气)
(2)vitality　　　 n. 生命力; 活力; 热情
vitally adv. 极其; 绝对
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①What’s more, some drivers don’t think it vital to observe (observe) traffic rules.
②Regular exercise is vital to/for maintaining a healthy body and mind.
③Like an ecosystem, a team’s vitality(vital) depends on the balance of each member’s strengths.
写作·提升 完成句子/词汇升级
①(应用文之倡议书)各国必须共同努力战胜全球变暖, 以免为时过晚, 这至关重要。
It is vital that nations (should) work together to defeat global warming before it’s too late.
②(应用文之建议信)It is very important to embrace failure as a learning opportunity, not a reason to quit.
→It is vitally important to embrace failure as a learning opportunity, not a reason to quit.
→It is of vital importance to embrace failure as a learning opportunity, not a reason to quit.
2. committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的
(教材原句) Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.
屠呦呦, 这位尽职尽责、有耐心的科学家1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波, 1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。
(名言名句)Commitment, not talent, is the secret to overcoming repeated failures.
战胜屡次失败的秘诀是坚持, 而非天赋。
【精要必记】
(1)be committed to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事
(2)commit vt. 承诺; 保证; 犯(罪或错等); 花(钱或时间) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
commit oneself to(sth. /doing sth. /do sth. )
　　　　　　　　 承诺; 保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit a mistake 犯错误
(3)commitment n. 承诺, 许诺; 奉献
make/keep a commitment 做出/履行承诺
a sense of commitment 责任感/使命感
commitment to do sth. 做某事的承诺(后接不定式)
基础·练透 单句语法填空/语境串记
①My commitment to learn(learn) a musical instrument requires practicing every day.
②Both sides committed themselves to settle/settling(settle) the problem peacefully.
③She committed herself to the cause, stayed committed daily, and showed a strong sense of commitment. (commit)
她投身于该事业, 每日坚守投入, 并展现出强烈的责任感。
写作·提升 一句多译
(应用文之人物介绍)我最钦佩的人是我的教授, 他致力于学术研究并取得非凡的成就。
→The person I admire most is my professor, who is committed to academic research and has made remarkable achievements. (定语从句; committed adj. )
→Committing himself to academic research and having made remarkable achievements, my professor is the person I admire most. (动词-ing形式短语作状语; commit vt. )
3. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢
(教材原句)However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.
然而, 屠呦呦并不接受失败。
(应用文之推荐信) It is universally acknowledged that the film is not only instructive but also full of passion. 大家普遍认为这部电影不仅具有指导意义, 而且充满激情。
(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)We acknowledge that your insights into Canadian sports culture will greatly enrich our school newspaper.
我们承认你对加拿大体育文化的见解将极大丰富我们的校报。
【精要必记】
(1)acknowledge (doing/having done) sth. 承认(做)某事
acknowledge sb. /sth. to be/as 承认某人/某物是……
acknowledge that 承认……
acknowledge sth. 公开感谢某事
It’s generally/universally acknowledged that. . .
　　　　　　　　　　　 ……是大家公认的
(2)acknowledgement n. 承认, 感谢, 谢礼, 收件复函
in acknowledgement of 为感谢……
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Practising oral English is universally acknowledged as an effective way to learn English.
②With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge stealing/having stolen(steal) the lady’s purse.
③I was sent a free copy in acknowledgement (acknowledge) of my contribution.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之感谢信)我想对你在我伦敦求学期间给予的持续指导表示感谢, 这份指导极大地帮助我适应了那里的学术生活。
I would like to acknowledge your consistent guidance during my studies in London, which greatly helped me adapt to academic life there.
②(2024·全国甲卷)众所周知, 在过去的几十年里, 中国的交通有了巨大的发展, 使中国人有了不同的出行方式。
It is generally/universally acknowledged that Chinese transport has seen huge development in the past decades, giving the Chinese people access to different ways of travelling. (it作形式主语)
4. defeat n. 失败; 挫败vt. 击败; 战胜
(应用文之感谢信) It is you who encouraged me to defeat any difficulties I met in my study.
是你鼓励我战胜学习中遇到的任何困难。
(2024·全国甲卷)We suffered numerous defeats in rail design, which brought us closer to constructing the world’s most advanced high-speed network.
我们在铁路设计中经历了无数次失败, 而这些失败让我们离打造全球最先进的高铁网络更近了一步。
【精要必记】
(1)suffer a defeat 　　　　 败北
acknowledge/admit/accept defeat 承认失败; 认输
a narrow/heavy defeat 惜败/惨败
three defeats and five wins 三败五胜
(2)defeated adj. 受挫的; 沮丧的
be narrowly defeated 惜败
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①(2023·全国乙卷)As it turned out, Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated (defeat) two Russians.
②Tom struggled for a while and then retired, completely defeated(defeat).
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之建议信)你必须学会欣然承认失败。俗话说, 失败是成功之母。
You must learn to acknowledge/admit/accept defeat with good grace. As the saying goes, failure is the mother of success.
②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)每一笔失败的笔触都是一次小挫折, 但它们共同为成功铺平了道路。
Each brushstroke that didn’t work was a small defeat, but together they paved the way for success.
5. insist vi. &vt. 坚持; 坚决要求
(教材原句)Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
屠呦呦与她的团队成员甚至坚持以身试药, 以确保药物的安全性。
(读后续写之人物描写)The homeless man started tearing and insisted he (should)get my address or phone number so that he could repay me someday. 那个无家可归的人开始流泪, 坚持要我的地址或电话号码, 以便有一天他可以报答我。
【精要必记】
(1)insist (坚持说/认为) that. . . , 从句用陈述语气
insist (坚决要求/坚持) that, 从句用虚拟语气: (should) do sth.
insist on (doing) sth. 坚持/坚决要求(做)某事
(2)insistence n. 坚决要求; 坚持; 固执
at one’s insistence 在某人的坚持下
with insistence 坚持地
(3) insistent adj. 坚持的; 坚决的; 持续的
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①The expert insisted that the way to evaluate the research result was(be)wrong.
②At the team leader’s insistence(insist), we not only acknowledged the mistakes but also developed a plan to revise them.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之建议信)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记, 你会很容易提高你的书面英语。
If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day, you can improve your written English with ease.
②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)我的老师向我投来鼓励的目光, 他坚持认为我有写作天赋, 还坚持要我参加即将到来的写作比赛。
My teacher gave me an encouraging look, insisting that I had a talent for writing and that I should participate in the upcoming writing competition.
6. 主语+be thought +不定式(短语)
(教材原句)Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.
青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分, 据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命。
[句型解构]
(1)该句型意为“……被认为……”, 不定式(短语)根据需要有时态和语态的变化, 即:
(2)该句型可与“It is thought that. . . ”互换。
(3)常用于该句型的过去分词还有said, believed, considered, reported 等。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①No one knows how the festival began but it is said to have originated (originate) in Canada.
②Chinese is thought to be spoken (speak) even more widely in the future world.
写作·提升 完成句子/一句多译
①(应用文之传统文化)昆曲被普遍认为是苏州的象征之一。
Kun Opera is widely considered to be one of the symbols of Suzhou.
②(应用文之人物介绍)李教授被认为在改革高中数学教育中发挥了关键作用。
Professor Li is thought to have played a vital role in reforming high school mathematics education.
③(应用文之建议信)人们相信, 学生通过制订个性化的学习计划可以获得独特的学习效果。
→It is believed that students can obtain distinct learning effects by developing personalized study plans. (it作形式主语)
→Students are believed to obtain distinct learning effects by developing personalized study plans.
7. Upon/On +(doing) sth.
(教材原句) Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. . . . ”
当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时, 她说: “这个荣誉不仅仅属于我……”
(2024·浙江1月高考)Upon stepping into the campus, she was shocked by the huge school building.
她一踏进校园, 就被那巨大的教学楼吓了一跳。
[句型解构]
Upon/On +(doing) sth. 为介词短语, 在句中作时间状语, 意为“当……时; 在……的时候; 一……就……”, 常用于正式文体中, 相当于 as soon as /the moment/immediately+句子。
写作·提升 完成句子/一句多译
①(读后续写之动作、情感描写)看到他的旧照片, 记忆如潮水般涌来——阳光明媚的午后, 笑声在空荡荡的大厅回荡。
Upon/On seeing his old photo, a flood of memories rushed back—sunlit afternoons, laughter echoing in empty halls.
②(应用文之祝贺信)听到你胜利的消息, 我非常高兴地向你表示祝贺。
→Upon/On hearing the news of your victory, I was more than delighted to express my congratulations. (介词+v. -ing)
→As soon as/The moment/ Immediately I heard the news of your victory, I was more than delighted to express my congratulations. (时间状语从句)
【要点拾遗】
1. crucial adj. 至关重要的; 关键性的
(教材原句) This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖已授予屠呦呦(得主之一), 她的研究使青蒿素这种至关重要的新型抗疟疾药物得以发现。
(应用文之观点表达)While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns.
尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要, 但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。
【精要必记】
(1)be crucial to/for. . . 　 对……至关重要
play a crucial role in. . . 在……中起着至关重要的作用
be crucial that. . . ……极其重要
(that从句谓语动词可以用should +动词原形, should可以省略, 也可以用陈述语气)
(2)crucially adv. 关键地; 至关重要地
crucially important 极其重要的
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①Certainly, the early years are crucial to/for a child’s development.
②It is crucially (crucial)important that we are ready for this time.
写作·提升 完成句子/翻译句子
①(应用文之建议信)积极的学习习惯在语言学习中起着至关重要的作用。
Positive study habits play a crucial role in language learning.
②(应用文之建议信)不进则退。重要的是一旦实现了一个目标, 你应该立刻设定一个新的目标。
Unless you progress, you go backwards. It is crucial that you immediately (should) set a new one once you complete an objective.
③(应用文之人物介绍)At the crucial moment, he showed great foresight and turned back the powers of darkness.
在关键时刻, 他高瞻远瞩, 力挽狂澜。
2. objective n. 目标; 目的adj. 客观的
(教材原句)In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.
1967年, 中国政府成立了一支科学家团队, 旨在发现一种新型抗疟疾疗法, 屠呦呦入选首批研究人员。
(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)After conducting an objective judgement of both options, I believe “Fun at my school” matches better with the newspaper’s mission to celebrate student achievements.
在对两个选项进行客观评判后, 我认为 “校园趣闻” 更符合校报弘扬学生成就的宗旨。
【精要必记】
(1)set an objective/set objectives　 设定目标
with the objective of　　　　　　 目的是; 旨在
(2)objectively adv. 客观地
反义词: subjectively adv. 主观地
(3)object n. 宗旨; 目的; 目标; 对象; 客体; 宾语
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①She started a fitness journey with the objective of improving her physical condition and building a healthier lifestyle.
②Try to view situations more objectively (objective), especially with regard to work.
写作·提升 完成句子/翻译句子
①一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标。
A way of setting realistic goals is to analyse your short and long term objectives.
②这次会议的主要目的是进一步介绍我们的计划。
The main objective/object of this meeting is to give more information on our plans.
③We should make an objective evaluation of the report rather than relying on subjective opinions.
我们应该对报告作一个客观的评价, 而不是凭主观意见。
【词形变化专练】
Ⅰ. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
“大多数表示学科的以-y结尾的名词(y变i)+后缀-cal”构成形容词
botany n. +-cal → botanical adj. 植物学的
1. history n. → historical adj. 历史的
2. biology n. → biological adj. 生物学的
3. economy n. →economical adj. 经济的
4. technology n. → technological adj. 技术的
5. philosophy n. →philosophical adj. 哲学的
6. sociology n. →sociological adj. 社会的; 社会学的
7. ecology n. →ecological adj. 生态的; 生态学的
Ⅱ. 根据构词法填写所给词的正确形式
1. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) Cycling is the most economical(economy), sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights.
2. London was a wonderland of historical(history) sites, museums and theatres.
3. Sleep is essential for maintaining normal biological(biology) rhythms.
4. This book offers a deep dive into the philosophical(philosophy) foundations of modern science.
5. She conducted a sociological (sociology) survey on the impact of social media on youth relationships.
6. Many cities are promoting ecological(ecology) civilization to achieve sustainable development.
课时巩固训练, 请使用　“课时作业 一”(共19张PPT)
Unit 1　People of Achievement
Part 2　Learning About Language
非限制性定语从句(Non-restrictive relative clauses)
【教材自主探究】
观察以下教材原句并分析粗体部分在句中所作的成分
1. This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-
winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for
malaria.
2. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study
malaria patients.
3. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
探究:
(1)句1、3是_________引导非限制性定语从句
(2)句2 是_________引导非限制性定语从句
关系代词
关系副词
【语法精要点拨】
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句是指在复合句中对某些名词、代词或主句等被修饰部分作进一步说明的定语从句。在一般情况下, 非限制性定语从句都由一个逗号将其与句子的其他部分分开, 在译成汉语时多译成一个并列句。
一、非限制性定语从句的关系词
关系词 所指 所作成分
关系代词 who 指人 主语
whom 指人 宾语(不能省略)
which 指物或指代整个主 句或主句的一部分 主语/宾语等
whose 指人或指物 定语
as 指代整个主句或 主句的一部分 主语/宾语等
关系副词 when 时间名词 时间状语
where 具体或抽象地点名词 地点状语
*(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.
Abby Jaramillo说, 一开始是这样, 她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校开办了“城市萌芽”学校花园项目。
*(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Ho的大多数学生将会康复, 这意味着帮助他们做好返校准备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分。
*It’s a great TV program, whose purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public.
这是一个很棒的电视节目, 其目的是让公众重新养成阅读的习惯。
*As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.
正如几周前有人在本篇文章中指出的那样, 他们爱吃美食, 而且从不发胖。
*He was absent, as is often the case.
他缺席了, 这是常有的事。
*(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist.
然而如今, 我与我的中国丈夫及其家人一同居住在中国浙江的乡村。在那里, 山间翠竹丛生, 茶树遍野, 鸡群自由散养, 且没有集中供暖设施。
*The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on August 15th of the Chinese lunar calendar, when people of a family get together and enjoy the dinner together.
中秋节在中国农历八月十五, 家人们会在这一天聚在一起享用晚餐。
【知识宽一度】
as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下结构:
as we all know/as is known to all 众所周知
as is often the case 情况常常如此
as is hoped 正如所希望的那样
as was expected/as we had expected
正如(我们)所预料的那样
as has been said above 如上所述
【即学活用】
单句语法填空
(1)(2025·八省联考)The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of
crossed sidewalks, ______ allow people to meet, talk, and get to know one
another.
(2)We should protect the oceans, ______ ecological balance is closely related to
the survival of humans.
(3)(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)“Here” is room 386, ______ each year, about 500 LPCH
patients also become students.
which
whose
where
(4)Please come back at four o’clock, ______ your herbal medicine will be ready.
(5)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)___ you said, you intend to have us randomly matched in
pairs.
when
As
二、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别
区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上 不用逗号与主句隔开 用逗号与主句隔开
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语, 如省略, 主句的意义将不完整 只是对先行词或整个主句的附加说明, 如省略, 主句意义仍然完整、明确
译法上 通常译成先行词的定语 通常译成与主句并列的分句
关系词 1. 作宾语时可省略 2. 可用 that 1. 不可省略
2. 不可用 that
三、使用非限制性定语从句的注意事项
1. that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
2. 非限制性定语从句常常位于句末, 但也可位于句中, 这时前后都需要用逗号与主句隔开。
3. “介词+关系代词”也可以引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指人时关系代词用whom, 不可用who/that; 先行词指物时关系代词用which, 不能用that。
4. “名词/代词/数词+介词of+关系代词”引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句。
5. whose作定语, 先行词是人时, whose+n. 相当于 the+n. +of whom或of whom+the+n. ; 先行词是物时, whose+n. 相当于 the +n. +of which或of which+the +n. 。
6. when/where有时可以换成“介词+which”。
【即学活用】
单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their
owners were around any other cats, ______ they don’t usually like.
(2)(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming
effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of ______ have emotional
control issues.
(3)I will never forget the teacher _________ taught us English in junior school.
(4)He grew up in the countryside, ______ he developed a love for nature.
which
whom
who/that
where
【语法要点微练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Your insights into Canadian sports will surely enrich our
readers’ understanding of global sports culture, ______ will be of benefit to us.
2. (2023·全国甲卷)Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, ______
we still go every summer.
3. He met a kind teacher, with ______ he shared his dreams and struggles.
4. The gentleman set up an organization, one of ______ purposes is to help the
homeless.
which
where
whom
whose
5. The moon hung over the silent forest, in ______ depths fireflies danced like
bright stars.
6. ___ has been noted, the best way to predict the future is to create it.
7. We plan to go on a trip to the mountains in autumn, ______ the leaves turn
golden and the scenery is breathtaking.
8. ___ I told you before, this book is very interesting. It has attracted a large
number of readers since it was published.
whose
As
when
As
Ⅱ. 单句写作
1. 我们将把西山的郊游推迟到下星期天, 那时天气可能会好一些。
We will put off the outing in the West Hill until next Sunday, ________________
_____________.
2. 对面是汤姆叔叔的蛋糕店, 在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。
Opposite is Uncle Tom’s cake shop, __________________________________.
when the weather
may be better
where you can hear some lovely music
3. 今年夏天我打算在一家外企做一份兼职, 通过这份工作我想开阔我的视
野并获得一些工作经验。
This summer I intend to take up a part-time job in a foreign company, ________
__________________________________________________________
__________.
4. 我曾与张博士一同工作, 他的指导帮助我发表了第一篇论文。
I worked with Dr. Zhang, ___________________________________________.
through
which I would like to broaden my horizons and gain some working
experience
whose guidance helped me publish my first paper
5. 地球是我们唯一的家园, 正如每个人都应该清楚认识到的, 因此保护它绝
非小事。
The earth is our only home, ______________________________, so protecting
it is never a small matter.
6. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)然而, 这可能会引发诸如语言障碍、学习目标不匹配以
及缺乏动力等问题, 进而降低练习的有效性。
This, however, may cause problems such as language barriers, mismatched
learning goals, and lack of motivation, _________________________________
____________.
as everyone should clearly realize
which may reduce the effectiveness of
the practicesUnit 1　People of Achievement
Part 3　Using Language
必备知识·自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. receive numerous awards 　　　 获得无数奖项
2. the general theory of relativity 广义相对论
3. the institution of marriage 婚姻制度
4. flee Germany 逃离德国
5. social circumstances 社会环境
6. future geniuses 未来的天才
7. at the patent office 在专利局
8. extraordinary physics papers 不一般的物理学论文
9. a research institute 一个研究所
10. encounter a number of difficulties 碰到很多困难
11. a college professor 一个大学教授
12. rhetorical devices 修辞手法
13. review drafts 检查草稿
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. conclusion n. 结论; 推论→conclude vt. 断定; 推断出; 得出结论
2. novel n. (长篇)小说→novelist n. 小说家
3. found vt. 建立; 创建; 把……建立在→founder n. 创始人; 建立者→ foundation n. 创建; 创办
4. infer vt. 推断; 推定→inference n. 推论; 推理; 推断
5. politician n. 从政者; 政治家; 政客→political adj. 政治的→politics n. 政治
6. gentle adj. 温柔的; 文静的→gentleness n. 温柔; 温顺→gently adv. 温柔地; 温和地; 文静地
7. passion n. 酷爱; 激情 →passionate adj. 热情的
8. gradual adj. 逐渐的; 渐进的→gradually adv. 逐渐地; 逐步地
9. institution n. 制度; 习俗; 社会公共机构→institute n. (教育、专业等)机构; 机构建筑
10. consequence n. 结果; 后果→consequent adj. 随之而来的; 随之发生的; 作为结果的→consequently adv. 因此; 所以
11. remark n. 引人注目; 显耀→remarkable adj. 非凡的; 显著的→remarkably adv. 非常; 格外; 出乎意料地
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损; 损耗
2. come to power (开始)掌权; 上台
3. take up a position 担任; 任职
4. sum up 总结; 概括
5. have a passion for 对……充满热情; 酷爱
6. as a consequence 因此
7. stand on end 竖立; 竖起
8. flow chart 流程图
9. be mistaken for. . . 被误认为……
10. pass away 去世
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. (状语从句的省略)
在那里工作期间, 出于强烈的求知欲, 他仍继续学习, 于1905年获得物理学博士学位。
2. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. (as though/if虚拟语气)
他胡须浓密, 头发又长又白, 有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
语篇精读·互动探究
Task 1宏观建构·把握文脉
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Task 2微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. What were Albert Einstein’s favorite subjects in senior high school
A. Politics and geography.
B. Physics and maths.
C. English and art.
D. Chemistry and history.
2. When did Einstein publish four extraordinary physics papers
A. In 1902. B. In 1904. C. In 1905. D. In 1906.
3. What can we infer about Einstein from the last sentence in Paragraph 5
A. He was sometimes committed.
B. He was sometimes generous.
C. He was sometimes careless.
D. He was sometimes humorous.
答案: 1~3. BCD
Task 3长句难句·释疑解难
There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework.
[句式分析]本句是复合句。how引导宾语从句, 从句中又包括一个who引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词a little girl, who在从句中作主语。
[自主翻译]甚至还有一个故事, 说他曾帮助过一个敲开他家门的小女孩, 让他帮忙做作业。
Task 4语篇总结·主题深化
　　Albert Einstein, 1. who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, made numerous contributions to the world. At 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, 2. but/yet failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam. After studying for another year, he managed 3. to pass (pass) the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. Later, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion 4. for knowledge, he continued to study, 5. earning (earn) a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, his four extraordinary physics papers 6. were published (publish). Following this, he 7. gradually(gradual) became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his 8. explanation (explain) of the photoelectric effect.
　　When Hitler came to power in Germany, Einstein found the doors of academic institutions 9. closed (close) to him. Consequently, he had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. On 18 April 1955, it 10. was reported (report) that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.
要点精讲·核心突破
1. conclusion n. 结论; 推论
(经典例句)I drew/came to/reached a conclusion from my own experiences that it is important to work with our own hands.
我从我自己的经历中得出结论: 用自己的双手劳动很重要。
In conclusion, this experience taught me the importance of empathy and tolerance in family relationships.
总之, 这次经历让我明白了在家庭关系中共情和宽容的重要性。
【精要必记】
(1)draw/come to/reach a conclusion(that. . . ) 得出结论(……)
jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论
in conclusion 总而言之; 最后
(2)conclude v. 推断出; 得出结论: (使)结束, 终止
conclude(. . . )with/by doing sth. 以……结束(……)
conclude. . . from. . . 从……中推断出……
to conclude 总而言之; 最后
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①At the conclusion(conclude) of the party, I was requested to sing an English song.
②The evening party concluded with dinner and speeches.
写作·提升 一句多译/翻译句子
①(应用文之活动介绍)我从这次活动中得出结论: 只有通过亲身实践才能掌握生活的技能。
→I concluded from the activity that only by practicing in person can I master the skills of life. (conclude)
→I came to/reached/drew a conclusion from the activity that only by practicing in person can I master the skills of life. (conclusion)
②Bear in mind that we should by no means jump to conclusions.
记住, 我们绝不能草率下结论。
2. circumstance n. [usually pl. ]条件; 环境; 状况
(教材原句)Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany.
1933年, 希特勒在德国上台, 形势发生了变化。
(应用文之建议信)In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller and richer life by setting a clear intention.
在任何时刻、任何情况下, 你都可以通过设定一个明确的目标来选择过一种更充实、更丰富的生活。
【精要必记】
in certain circumstances　 在一定条件下
social circumstances 社会环境
financial circumstances 经济状况
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下, 既然如此
under/in no circumstances(=by no means) 决不, 无论如何不(放在句首时句子要部分倒装)
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①It might not be a perfect solution, but it’s the best I can do in/under the circumstances.
②This organization offers help and support to single mothers, whatever their circumstances(circumstance) are.
③By no means should we underestimate the power of technological innovation.
写作·提升 完成句子/翻译句子
①(应用文之人物介绍)他个性中具有强大的意志力。在任何情况下他都不会丧失信心。
Willpower is a characteristic of his personality. Under/In no circumstances will he lose heart.
②At no time should we rush to a conclusion without gradually understanding the objective circumstances.
我们绝不能在未逐渐了解客观情况的前提下就仓促下结论。
3. consequence n. 结果; 后果
(教材原句)As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. 因此, 他不得不逃离德国。
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)I handed my teacher the award certificate, my hands still shaking. In consequence, he smiled and said, “You’ve learned the true lesson: writing is not about perfection, but about courage. ”
我把获奖证书递给老师, 双手还在颤抖。于是, 他微笑着说: “你已经领悟到了真正的道理: 写作无关完美, 而在于勇气。”
(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)It wasn’t until Toby touched my hand that I realized the true consequence of my pride: the risk of losing the one person who had always stood by me.
直到托比碰了碰我的手, 我才意识到骄傲自大带来的真正后果: 那便是有可能失去那个一直默默支持我的人。
【精要必记】
(1)as a consequence of/in consequence of (=as a result of)　 由于; 因为
as a consequence/in consequence(=as a result) 因此; 结果; 于是
suffer/take the consequences 承受/承担后果
(2)consequent adj. 随之发生的; 作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此; 所以
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①In consequence of his careless driving, he was fined heavily.
②Consequently (consequent), some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, leading to a slower growth.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之人物介绍)尽管可能会被误解, 李叔叔仍然负责任, 并致力于他的工作。因此, 他值得我们尊敬。
Regardless of possibly getting misunderstood, Uncle Li is responsible and committed to his job. As a consequence/In consequence/As a result, he deserves our respect.
②(应用文之建议信)我真诚地建议你提前为即将到来的考试做准备。否则, 你可能要承担成绩不理想的后果。
I sincerely suggest that you start preparing for the coming exam in advance. Otherwise, you may take the consequence of getting disappointing grades.
③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)正是由于他那份深切的信任, 我才明白了信守承诺的重要性。
It was as a consequence of his strong trust that I learned the importance of keeping one’s word.
4. take up a position 担任; 任职
(教材原句)After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA.
在欧洲待了一段时间后, 他最终在美国普林斯顿高等研究院找到了一份研究员的工作。
(应用文之求助信)I know how busy you must be but I have to take up a little bit of your time to ask you for help. 我知道你一定很忙, 但我必须占用你一点时间来寻求你的帮助。
(应用文之建议信)Every student is supposed to take up a sporting activity for a healthy life.
为了健康的生活, 每个学生都应该参加体育活动。
【图解助记】
基础·练透 写出下列句子中take up 的精准含义
①Alice always helps her mother even though going to school takes up most of her day. 占用
②She took up the story where Tim had left off. 接着讲; 继续讲
③After retirement, she took up gardening for a while, but soon lost interest. 开始做; 学着做
④Rick took up the challenge and cycled alone for 250 miles. 接受
写作·提升 完成句子
①(应用文之推荐信)汤姆, 一个有激情的人, 曾经担任过学生会主席的职位, 所以我认为他是最适合这个职位的。
Tom, a person with passion, once took up a position as chairman of the Student Association, so I think he is the best fit for the position.
②(应用文之倡议书)为了减少污染, 我们应该开始骑自行车上班, 而不是开车去上班。
To reduce pollution, we should take up riding a bicycle to work rather than driving a car.
5. find+宾语+宾语补足语
(教材原句)Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.
身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。
[句型解构]
句中“found the doors of academic institutions closed”为“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。closed为过去分词作宾语补足语, 动词close与the doors of academic institutions之间为逻辑上的动宾关系, 表示被动。find的复合宾语结构如下:
find+宾语+
【知识深一度】
不定式作find的真正宾语用法提醒
　　当不定式作find的宾语时, 通常用it作形式宾语, 真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后, 即构成“find +it(形式宾语)+宾语补足语+不定式(真正的宾语)”结构。
基础·练透 单句语法填空
①I turned to find him coming(come) towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
②Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost(lose) for words.
③In conclusion, I find volunteering rewarding(reward) and instructive.
写作·提升 完成句子
①(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)久而久之, 我发现自己在这里感觉无比自在。
Over time, I’ve found myself feeling extremely at home here.
②(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)当哥哥看到我站在门口时, 我发现他沉默不语, 还有些惊讶。
I found my brother silent and a bit surprised when he saw me at the door.
③起初我觉得很难适应新环境, 但渐渐地我爱上了它。
At first I found it hard to fit in with the new environment, but gradually I fell in love with it.
【词形变化专练】
Ⅰ. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
形容词+后缀-ity构成名词
relative adj. →relativity n. 相对论; 相对性
1. major adj. →majority n. 大多数
2. real adj. →reality n. 现实
3. personal adj. →personality n. 个性
4. able adj. →ability n. 能力
5. diverse adj. →diversity n. 多样性
6. popular adj. →popularity n. 流行, 普及, 受欢迎
7. minor adj. →minority n. 少数
8. positive adj. → positivity n. 积极性
Ⅱ. 根据构词法填写所给词的正确形式
1. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality(real) is that the majority(major) of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.
2. (2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Each has a personality(personal) shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.
3. With proper training, most people can unlock their hidden abilities(able).
4. Protecting cultural diversity(diverse) is crucial for preserving the world’s unique heritage.
5. Her kindness and sense of humor have earned her great popularity(popular) among friends.
6. The company is committed to achieving equality(equal) in pay for employees doing the same work.
7. We should respect the cultural traditions and customs of minority(minor) groups.
8. Research shows that long-term positivity (positive) can have a beneficial impact on physical and mental health.
书面表达·思维构建
人物简介
【写作指导】
1. 题型解读
　　本单元的写作任务是人物简介。人物简介是高中生基础写作任务中常见的一种话题类型。它涉及人的出生、家庭背景、教育、生平经历、成就和评价等。
2. 考试要求
　　考试中此类文体出现频度较高, 同学们要注意其文体应该是记叙中的说明, 注意运用符合人物的词汇、句式来描述人物的性格、特点、外貌、生平、评价等; 同时还要注意人称和时态的合理使用。
　　人称多为第一人称或第三人称; 介绍他人的经历使用第三人称。时态多为一般现在时和一般过去时(视具体情况而定, 也可以穿插其他时态)。
3. 篇章结构
此类写作一般分为三部分:
【语料积累】
1. 话题词汇
(1)be born in　　　　　 出生于……
(2)a pioneer in . . . 是……的先驱
(3)serve as a good role model 作为一个好榜样; 堪称楷模
(4)determined/diligent adj. 有决心的/勤奋的
(5)extraordinary/ambitious adj. 不一般的; 非凡的; 意想不到的/有雄心的
(6)be known as. . . 被称作……; 作为……而闻名
(7)devote all one’s life to 毕生致力于……; 一生奉献于……
(8)commit oneself to. . . 致力于……; 承诺/保证做……
(9)have a gift/talent for 对……有天赋
(10)graduate from 毕业于
(11)major in 主修; 专攻
(12)make outstanding contributions to. . . 对……作出杰出的贡献
(13)take up a position 担任; 任职
(14)make a big difference to. . . 对……产生重大影响
(15)set a good example for/to 为……树立好榜样
(16)enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎
(17)make a good impression on sb. 给某人留下好印象
2. 话题句式
(1)There are many scientists renowned at home and abroad who have made outstanding contributions to the world in various fields, of whom Lin Qiaozhi is the one I admire most.
国内外有许多知名科学家在各个领域为世界作出了杰出贡献, 其中林巧稚是我最敬佩的一位。
(2)When it comes to my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.
谈起我最喜欢的中国历史人物, 那一定是魏源, 晚清时代的伟大思想家。
(3)Born in 1901 in Xiamen, Lin Qiaozhi dedicated her life to obstetrics and gynecology, delivering over 50, 000 babies in China.
林巧稚 1901 年生于厦门, 毕生投身于妇产科, 在中国接生了超过 5 万名婴儿。
(4)Madame Curie was an outstanding physicist and chemist, known worldwide for her outstanding contributions in the field of radioactivity research.
居里夫人是一位杰出的物理学家和化学家, 以其在放射性研究领域的卓越贡献而闻名世界。
(5)Greatly inspired by her teacher, she majored in English in college to be a bridge between China and the world in the future.
深受老师的启发, 她在大学主修英语, 希望将来能成为中国与世界沟通的桥梁。
(6)There is no doubt that he is a great hero in the history of China.
毫无疑问, 他是中国历史上的一位伟大英雄。
(7)He serves as a good role model and makes great contributions to society.
他是一个好榜样, 对社会作出了巨大贡献。
(8)Even more amazing is that she, unlike many other athletes, is a talented girl in the skiing world as well as an excellent student with a high score.
更令人惊叹的是, 不同于其他很多运动员, 她不仅是滑雪界的天才少女, 也是妥妥的学霸一枚。
(9)It was her dedication that saved countless patients in clinical practice as well as achieved a significant breakthrough in scientific research.
正是她的奉献精神, 让她在临床实践中拯救了无数患者, 也在(妇产科)科研领域取得了重大突破。
(10)Not only has he helped me obtain a better knowledge of that time but also he has taught me the importance of insistence.
他不仅帮助我对那个时代有了更好的了解, 而且还让我懂得了坚持的重要性。
(11)Her courage and perseverance inspire me to pursue my dreams despite various challenges, making a big difference to my study and life.
她的勇敢和毅力激励着我不畏艰难去追求梦想, 对我的学习和生活都产生了巨大影响。
(12)Miss Zhang, an ordinary person who has been pursuing an extraordinary career, deserves to be the Person of the Year in our school.
张老师, 一位始终追求非凡事业的普通人, 理应成为我校的年度人物。
【实践应用】
　　你校将举办英语演讲比赛, 请你以“The Scientist in My Eyes”为题写一篇发言稿参赛, 内容包括:
　　1. 人物介绍;
　　2. 受尊敬和爱戴的原因;
　　3. 你的评价。
【写作思维流程】
Step 1: 谋篇布局
Step 2: 遣词造句
1. 中国有很多伟大的科学家, 其中我最喜欢的是赵九章。
There are numerous great scientists in China, among whom the one I like most is Zhao Jiuzhang.
2. 赵九章, 不仅是一位杰出的物理学家, 更是中国首颗人造卫星的设计者之一, 被公认为 “中国人造卫星之父”。(acknowledge)
Zhao Jiuzhang, not only an extraordinary physicist but also one of the designers of China’s first man-made satellite, is acknowledged as Father of Chinese Artificial Satellites.
3. 1933年, 他从清华大学毕业。之后, 他去了柏林大学学习气象学。
In 1933, he graduated from Tsinghua University. Following this, he went to study meteorology in Berlin University.
4. 回到中国后, 他把一生都奉献给物理和气候的研究, 并因此收获了无数奖项。(commit)
After returning to China, he committed his life to the study of physics and climate and consequently he received numerous awards.
5. 1968 年, 我们痛失了这位杰出的科学家, 但他献身科学与祖国的精神一直激励着我。
1968 witnessed the great loss of the brilliant scientist, but the spirit of his devotion to science and our country has been inspiring me.
Step 3: 句式升级
6. 用过去分词作后置定语升级句2
Zhao Jiuzhang, acknowledged as Father of Chinese Artificial Satellites, is not only an extraordinary physicist but also one of the designers of China’s first man-made satellite.
7. 用定语从句(介词+which)升级句4
After returning to China, he committed his life to the study of physics and climate, for which he received numerous awards.
8. 用强调句型升级句5
1968 witnessed the great loss of the brilliant scientist, but it is the spirit of his devotion to science and our country that has been inspiring me.
Step 4: 完美成篇
The Scientist in My Eyes
　　There are numerous great scientists in China, among whom the one I like most is Zhao Jiuzhang.
　　Zhao Jiuzhang, acknowledged as Father of Chinese Artificial Satellites, is not only an extraordinary physicist but also one of the designers of China’s first man-made satellite. In 1933, he graduated from Tsinghua University. Following this, he went to study meteorology in Berlin University. After returning to China, he committed his life to the study of physics and climate, for which he received numerous awards.
　　There is no doubt that his contributions are of vital significance and he sets a good example to me. 1968 witnessed the great loss of the brilliant scientist, but it is the spirit of his devotion to science and our country that has been inspiring me.
课时巩固训练, 请使用　“课时作业 三”
“周末拓展阅读(一)”(共13张PPT)
Unit 1　People of Achievement
读后续写高分进阶
一教材语料积累
词 汇 【人物描写】
commit oneself to (sth. /doing sth. /do sth. ) 承诺; 保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)　academic adj. 学业的; 学术的　passion n. 酷爱; 激情　under no circumstances 无论如何不　numerous adj. 众多的; 许多的
gentle adj. 温柔的; 文静的　genius n. (pl. geniuses) 天才; 天资; 天赋　take up a position 担任; 任职　peculiarity n. 个性; 特点; 怪异的性质　remarkable adj. 非凡的; 显著的　extraordinary adj. 不一般的; 非凡的; 意想不到的　committed adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的　brilliant adj. 聪颖的; 绝妙的
词 汇 【动作描写】
encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到　mourn vt. &. vi. 哀悼; 忧伤　evaluate
vt. 评价; 评估　boil vt. &vi. (使)沸腾; 煮开; 烧开　obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行　defeat vt. 击败; 战胜　acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢　insist vi. &vt. 坚持; 坚决要求　insist on 坚决要求　flee vi. &vt. (fled, fled)迅速离开; 逃跑　flow vi. 流; 流动
美 句 【人物描写】
1. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930. (P2)
屠呦呦, 这位尽职尽责、有耐心的科学家1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波。
2. Lu Xun, acknowledged as one of the greatest modern writers in China, was born in Shaoxing. (P4)
鲁迅出生在绍兴, 被公认为是中国最伟大的现代作家之一。
美 句 3. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure
loved by many people. (P8)
爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才, 而且是一位广受爱戴的勇敢、善良的人。
4. To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. (P8)
在大众眼中, 爱因斯坦是一个外表有点古怪但生性善良、风趣幽默的人。
5. Albert Einstein, . . . is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. (P8)
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦, ……被公认是有史以来智商最高的人之一。
美 句 【主旨升华句】
It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. (P3)
中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。
【修辞手法】
1. (暗喻)Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed
to him. (P8)
身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术机构纷纷对他关上大门。
2. (夸张+明喻)He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. (P8)
他胡须浓密, 头发又长又白, 有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。
二拓展语料储备(修辞手法之比喻、夸张)
词 汇 like a cat on hot bricks 像热锅上的蚂蚁　shine like a diamond 像钻石一样闪闪发光　like lightning 像闪电一样　like a fish out of water 感觉不自在; 格格不入　as happy as a lark 兴高采烈; 如云雀般欢畅　as hard as a stone 坚如磐石　as hungry as a wolf 饥肠辘辘　as proud as a peacock 非常自豪; 自高自大　as pretty as a picture 美如画　a sea of faces 人群密集如海洋　a blanket of snow 雪如毯子　a heart of stone 石头般的心　the ladder of success 成功的阶梯　freeze to death 冻死了　break one’s heart 心碎; 极度悲伤
eat a horse 吃掉一匹马; 极度饥饿
美 句 1. The smile on her face shone like a diamond. 她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
2. I couldn’t move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor.
我的腿动不了, 就好像被固定在地板上似的。
3. Love is like the wind; you can’t see it but you can feel it.
爱如风, 你看不见, 但你能感受到它。
4. Her hair was a flowing golden river streaming down her shoulders.
她的头发像是一条流淌在她肩上的金色河流。
美 句 5. I felt a lump in my throat, tears welling up in my eyes.
我如鲠在喉, 泪水湿润了眼眶。
6. A heavy silence blanketed the room.
整个房子沉浸在一片寂寞中。
7. I’m drowning in a sea of pleasure.
我沉浸在愉快的海洋中。
8. The rain was coming down in buckets.
大雨倾盆而下。
9. I was so hungry that I could eat a horse.
我饿得都能吃下一匹马了。
三完成句子: 根据以上语料完成句子
1. 她致力于环境保护, 被公认为倡导者。在任何情况下都不会妥协。
(commit, acknowledge, circumstance)
She ___________________ environmental protection, and _________________
___ an advocate. ______________________ would she give in.
2. 她对科学怀有热忱, 坚持认为好奇心有助于获得卓越的发现。
(passion, insist, obtain, remarkable)
She _______________ science and _____________________________
___________ discoveries.
committed herself to
was acknowledged
as
Under no circumstances
has a passion for
insists that curiosity helps obtain
remarkable
3. 等待考试结果时, 她在走廊里踱步, 如同热锅上的蚂蚁。
She paced up and down the hallway ___________________________________
_____________.
4. 整个房子沉浸在欢歌笑语中。
The whole house _______________________________________.
5. 孩子们在花园追蝴蝶时, 笑得像云雀般欢畅。
The kids _________________________ while chasing butterflies in the garden.
like a cat on hot bricks while waiting for
the test result
was blanketed in cheerful laughter and songs
laughed as happily as a lark
四片段续写: 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇或句式, 完成以下语段
　　Yuan Longping, 1. ____________________(被公认为) the “Father of
Hybrid Rice”, was 2. _______________________________________________
__________________(一位温柔的巨人, 毕生怀着热忱致力于战胜饥饿). His
research, an ocean of innovation, nurtured millions 3. ______________________
(如同滋养生命的太阳), though he 4. _____________________________
________________________(曾遭遇怀疑的风暴, 却从未认输). 5. ______
___________________(作为一位杰出的天才), he saw rice plants 6. ________
_____(像树一样高大) in his dreams, a vision that fueled his consistent pursuit.
acknowledged to be/as
a gentle giant who committed all his life to conquering
hunger with passion
like a sun sustaining life
encountered storms of doubt and
never acknowledged defeat
As an
extraordinary genius
as tall as
trees
When he passed away, many Chinese people 7. ________________________
(沉浸在悲痛的海洋中) and 8. ____________________________________
(泪水不受控制地从脸颊滑落), mourning 9. _________________________
_____ (把田野化作黄金的灵魂). His legacy, 10. _________________(如希望
之河), proved that one man’s dedication can rewrite the story of humanity—no
storm too fierce, no dream too bold for a heart rooted in the earth and reaching
for the stars.
drowned in a sea of sorrow
tears flowed down cheeks uncontrollablly
a soul who turned fields into
gold
like a river of hopeUnit 1　People of Achievement
Part 2　Learning About Language
非限制性定语从句(Non-restrictive relative clauses)
【教材自主探究】
观察以下教材原句并分析粗体部分在句中所作的成分
1. This year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria.
2. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
3. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
探究:
(1)句1、3是关系代词引导非限制性定语从句
(2)句2 是关系副词引导非限制性定语从句
【语法精要点拨】
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句是指在复合句中对某些名词、代词或主句等被修饰部分作进一步说明的定语从句。在一般情况下, 非限制性定语从句都由一个逗号将其与句子的其他部分分开, 在译成汉语时多译成一个并列句。
一、非限制性定语从句的关系词
关系词 所指 所作成分
关系代词 who 指人 主语
whom 指人 宾语(不能省略)
which 指物或指代整个主 句或主句的一部分 主语/宾语等
whose 指人或指物 定语
as 指代整个主句或 主句的一部分 主语/宾语等
关系副词 when 时间名词 时间状语
where 具体或抽象 地点名词 地点状语
*(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.
Abby Jaramillo说, 一开始是这样, 她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校开办了“城市萌芽”学校花园项目。
*(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Ho的大多数学生将会康复, 这意味着帮助他们做好返校准备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分。
*It’s a great TV program, whose purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public.
这是一个很棒的电视节目, 其目的是让公众重新养成阅读的习惯。
*As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.
正如几周前有人在本篇文章中指出的那样, 他们爱吃美食, 而且从不发胖。
*He was absent, as is often the case.
他缺席了, 这是常有的事。
*(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Yet now, I live in the
countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist.
然而如今, 我与我的中国丈夫及其家人一同居住在中国浙江的乡村。在那里, 山间翠竹丛生, 茶树遍野, 鸡群自由散养, 且没有集中供暖设施。
*The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on August 15th of the Chinese lunar calendar, when people of a family get together and enjoy the dinner together.
中秋节在中国农历八月十五, 家人们会在这一天聚在一起享用晚餐。
【知识宽一度】
as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下结构:
as we all know/as is known to all 众所周知
as is often the case 情况常常如此
as is hoped 正如所希望的那样
as was expected/as we had expected
正如(我们)所预料的那样
as has been said above 如上所述
【即学活用】
单句语法填空
(1)(2025·八省联考)The streets in which people live should be a tight pattern of crossed sidewalks, which allow people to meet, talk, and get to know one another.
(2)We should protect the oceans, whose ecological balance is closely related to the survival of humans.
(3)(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students.
(4)Please come back at four o’clock, when your herbal medicine will be ready.
(5)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)As you said, you intend to have us randomly matched in pairs.
二、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别
区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
形式上 不用逗号与主句隔开 用逗号与主句隔开
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语, 如省略, 主句的意义将不完整 只是对先行词或整个主句的附加说明, 如省略, 主句意义仍然完整、明确
译法上 通常译成先行词的定语 通常译成与主句并列的分句
关系词 1. 作宾语时可省略 2. 可用 that 1. 不可省略 2. 不可用 that
三、使用非限制性定语从句的注意事项
1. that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。
2. 非限制性定语从句常常位于句末, 但也可位于句中, 这时前后都需要用逗号与主句隔开。
3. “介词+关系代词”也可以引导非限制性定语从句。先行词指人时关系代词用whom, 不可用who/that; 先行词指物时关系代词用which, 不能用that。
4. “名词/代词/数词+介词of+关系代词”引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句。
5. whose作定语, 先行词是人时, whose+n. 相当于 the+n. +of whom或of whom+the+n. ; 先行词是物时, whose+n. 相当于 the +n. +of which或of which+the +n. 。
6. when/where有时可以换成“介词+which”。
【即学活用】
单句语法填空
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don’t usually like.
(2)(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues.
(3)I will never forget the teacher who/that taught us English in junior school.
(4)He grew up in the countryside, where he developed a love for nature.
【语法要点微练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Your insights into Canadian sports will surely enrich our readers’ understanding of global sports culture, which will be of benefit to us.
2. (2023·全国甲卷)Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.
3. He met a kind teacher, with whom he shared his dreams and struggles.
4. The gentleman set up an organization, one of whose purposes is to help the homeless.
5. The moon hung over the silent forest, in whose depths fireflies danced like bright stars.
6. As has been noted, the best way to predict the future is to create it.
7. We plan to go on a trip to the mountains in autumn, when the leaves turn golden and the scenery is breathtaking.
8. As I told you before, this book is very interesting. It has attracted a large number of readers since it was published.
Ⅱ. 单句写作
1. 我们将把西山的郊游推迟到下星期天, 那时天气可能会好一些。
We will put off the outing in the West Hill until next Sunday, when the weather may be better.
2. 对面是汤姆叔叔的蛋糕店, 在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。
Opposite is Uncle Tom’s cake shop, where you can hear some lovely music.
3. 今年夏天我打算在一家外企做一份兼职, 通过这份工作我想开阔我的视野并获得一些工作经验。
This summer I intend to take up a part-time job in a foreign company, through which I would like to broaden my horizons and gain some working experience.
4. 我曾与张博士一同工作, 他的指导帮助我发表了第一篇论文。
I worked with Dr. Zhang, whose guidance helped me publish my first paper.
5. 地球是我们唯一的家园, 正如每个人都应该清楚认识到的, 因此保护它绝非小事。
The earth is our only home, as everyone should clearly realize, so protecting it is never a small matter.
6. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)然而, 这可能会引发诸如语言障碍、学习目标不匹配以及缺乏动力等问题, 进而降低练习的有效性。
This, however, may cause problems such as language barriers, mismatched learning goals, and lack of motivation, which may reduce the effectiveness of the practices.
课时巩固训练, 请使用　“课时作业 二”

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