人教版九年级英语下册Unit 4 Reduce,Reuse,Recycle Section B(1a-1e)教学设计

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人教版九年级英语下册Unit 4 Reduce,Reuse,Recycle Section B(1a-1e)教学设计

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人教版九年级英语下册Unit4 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Section B (1a-1e)教学设计
课程基本信息
学科 英语 年级 九年级 学期 春季
课题 Unit 4 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Section B (1a–1e)—《长江守护者》·一条大江的重生
教学目标
1.引导学生识别并积累生态保护与长江治理话题词汇,如pollution、cause、effect、solution、guardian、fisherman、smelly、wastewater、rubbish、ban、steady、income、generation、riverbank、picnicking,以及because of、as a result、take action、deal with、clean up、be used to doing、be proud of、for future generations等短语,并运用这些词汇描述水污染的成因、后果与治理措施。 2.引导学生借助1a讨论激活背景知识、借助1b快速读文判断文本出处,掌握“依据文体特征判断信息来源”的阅读策略;通过寻读与跳读完成1c五问,用“cause—problem—effect—solution”思维导图(1d)梳理“污染成因—江水之痛—鱼群锐减—政府治理”的语篇脉络,并识别because、because of、as a result、so等因果信号词。 3.引导学生区分cause与effect的层级关系,依据文本证据解释“长江为什么变黄变臭,又是谁把它变回清亮”,在语境中体会并运用一般过去时被动语态(were built/were made/were sent/was banned/were given)客观陈述治理行动,实现从“读事实”到“讲逻辑”的思维进阶。 4.引导学生理解“一条江的重生,靠的是制度的约束与普通人的守护”,体会“守护母亲河、为了子孙后代”的责任担当;通过1e“个人—社区—政府”三级方案与1f英文海报创作,用英语讲好中国生态治理故事,落实Reduce、Reuse、Recycle的行动自觉。
教学内容
本课教学内容为人教版九年级下册Unit 4 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Section B 1a–1e,围绕板块问题“How can we protect our environment ”展开。核心语篇“The Yangtze River and Its Guardians”是一篇刊发于报纸的人物报道:记者走近长江江畔,记录下53岁的“长江守护者”陈明的一天,也回望了一条大江由浊转清的过程。 全文以“现场—回忆—治理—心声”四个镜头推进。第1段是现场特写:每天清晨,53岁的陈明沿长江步行15公里,途中常停下来与江边野餐的人交谈,或看鸟儿在清亮的江水中捕鱼;旁人或许以为他只是出门锻炼,其实他正在工作——他是“长江守护者”,职责就是巡江,确保无人江中捕鱼、无人向江中排污。第2段转入回忆:陈明在江边长大,曾像父亲一样以捕鱼为生;那时工厂与家庭排放的废水让部分江段气味难闻、水色发黄,渔民又过度捕捞,结果江中鱼与植物的数量急剧下降。第3段写政府出手:在问题变得不可收拾之前,新建污水处理中心,让废水在入江之前得到净化;立法禁止在江边新建工厂;派船打捞垃圾;自2020年起在长江实施为期十年的禁渔;并把陈明等渔民转岗为守护者。第4段回到当下与心声:起初陈明并不习惯在江岸工作,如今他有了稳定的工作和收入,心里高兴;更让他欣慰的是,长江已恢复成他童年时的模样——清水中有成群的鱼,岸上有美丽的鸟;他指着妻子说,她也加入了清江队,夫妻俩一起守护母亲河,“我们必须为子孙后代守护好它”。 语言层面核心词汇:pollution、cause、effect、solution、guardian、fisherman、smelly、wastewater、rubbish、ban、steady、income、generation、riverbank、picnicking;核心短语:because of、as a result、take action、deal with、clean up、be used to doing、be proud of、for future generations。核心句式(一般过去时被动语态与因果表达):New waste centres were built to clean the wastewater before it went into the river. / Laws were made to stop new factories from being built near the river. / Boats were sent out to clean up the rubbish. / Fishing was banned in the Yangtze River for 10 years from 2020. / Mr Chen and other fishermen were given new jobs as guardians. / Back then, parts of the river were smelly and yellow because of the waste from factories and homes. / As a result, the number of fish and plants in the river was dropping quickly. 教材旁注提示的阅读策略Identifying causes and effects,正是本课语言学习与思维训练的交汇点。 教学重点:1a讨论中激活“成因—影响”表达;1b依据文体特征判断文本出处;寻读完成1c五问,用“cause—problem—effect—solution”框架完成1d并连贯复述治理过程。教学难点:厘清cause、problem、effect三者的层级(废水入江与过度捕捞是因,江水发臭发黄是问题的表征,鱼与植物数量锐减是结果),避免把“结果”误填为“原因”;在复述中准确使用一般过去时被动语态,把“政府做了什么”说得客观、连贯、有分量。 主题意义层面:引导学生从一条江的命运看见人与自然的关系——污染往往始于日常的排放与索取,改变则始于制度的约束与人的守护;陈明由“捕鱼人”变为“护江人”,正是生态保护与百姓生计可以双赢的生动注脚。本课与单元主题Reduce、Reuse、Recycle彼此呼应:治理一条大江,需要政府、社区与每个普通人的合力。学生应在1e、1f中把“感动”转化为“方案”,用英语讲好中国生态治理的故事,涵养守护母亲河、为子孙后代负责的公民品格。
教学过程
时间 学生学习活动 活动设计意图
5分钟 1.学生观察教师出示的两瓶水样(一瓶浑浊发黄、一瓶清亮)与长江今昔对比照片,用形容词描述所见所感(The water looks yellow and dirty. / It smells terrible. / Now the river is clean and clear.),并猜测“What happened to this river ” 2.学生完成1a同伴讨论:What are the causes of water pollution How does water pollution affect people's lives 把关键词贴到黑板上的“Cause—Effect”双栏(废水与垃圾入江、船舶油污、农药化肥随雨水流入/没有干净水喝、鱼虾死亡、渔民失业、人生病)。 3.学生读标题“The Yangtze River and Its Guardians”,拆词猜测guardian的含义,并预测“Who guards the Yangtze River What do they do ” 1.以实物对比制造视觉冲击,把“水污染”从抽象名词变成看得见、闻得到的体验,迅速唤醒环保意识与表达欲望。 2.落实1a讨论任务,让学生在真实交际中调用已有词汇,同时借“Cause—Effect”板书为1d的思维导图预埋结构。 3.以标题中的guardians设置悬念,训练“由题猜文”的预测意识,为1b快速读文、确认人物身份提供阅读动机。
20分钟 1.学生完成1b:限时快速读全文,在A、B、C三项中判断文本出处并说明理由(文中有a reporter、具体人物年龄与行程、直接引语与确切数据),确认答案为A(In a newspaper)。 2.学生寻读第1段,完成“陈明名片”(53岁/每天清晨步行15公里/职业Guardian of the River/职责:确保无人江中捕鱼、无人向江中排污),回答1c第1、2问;关注转折句“While one might think that he is just out for exercise, he is actually working.” 3.学生精读第2段,制作“今昔对比”双栏表:过去(smelly and yellow、过度捕捞)与如今(clear water、fish swimming、beautiful birds);圈出because of与As a result,理解“因—果”在同一段内的显性标记;回答1c第3问。 4.学生精读第3段,用“谁—做了什么—为什么”三列表格梳理政府四项行动(建污水处理中心/立法限制江边新建工厂/派船清运垃圾/2020年起十年禁渔并让渔民转岗),圈出were built、were made、were sent、was banned、were given,在语境中归纳“was/were+过去分词”的被动结构。 5.学生精读第4段,圈出陈明的情感变化线(was not used to → feels happy → is glad → is proud),朗读他指着妻子说的那段话,回答1c第4、5问,并讨论“他骄傲的为什么不只是这份工作,还有这条江”。 6.学生完成1d思维导图:Cause(工厂与家庭废水入江、渔民过度捕捞)→Problem(部分江段发臭发黄)→Effect(江中鱼与植物数量急剧下降),Solution(政府四项行动+渔民转岗守护);先在文中画出依据句,再填关键词,最后用“Because… . As a result, … So the government…”连成三句话作口头汇报。 7.学生思辨“Why does the writer call them guardians instead of workers ”,比较两个词的分量,体会“守护”背后的责任与情感。 1.1b把“文体特征”转化为可操作的判断依据,训练“读来源、读意图”的元认知阅读,避免为读而读。 2.名片任务把说明性段落压缩为关键信息,训练寻读与信息转写能力,为1c前两问搭好支架。 3.双栏对比让“变化”可视化,因果信号词的圈画使1d的填写有据可循,杜绝凭感觉作答。 4.表格梳理加被动语态聚焦,把语法学习放回“治理行动”的语境,实现“用语法做事”而非“背语法条目”。 5.情感线梳理把人物从“信息载体”还原为“有温度的人”,为1c第5问与主题升华作铺垫。 6.思维导图把四段文本结构化为一条因果链,坚持“先证据、后作答”,再由图到句、由句到段,完成口语输出。 7.guardian与worker的词语辨析,把语言学习引向价值判断,落实思维品质与文化意识目标。
15分钟 1.学生完成1e:三人小组分别扮演“我/社区/政府”,从各自立场提出治理水污染的方案,用“I can… / Our community can… / The government can…”句式填写三级方案表,并尝试“More bins should be placed… / Wastewater must be treated…”等被动表达。 2.学生开展“母亲河守护提案”任务:以家乡河流(如韩江)为对象,小组合作写一份40—60词的英文提案(现状一句、措施两条、呼吁一句),至少使用一次as a result或because of,并恰当使用一次被动语态。 3.学生完成1f:四人小组把提案转化为英文海报“Be a Guardian of Our River”,包含标题、三条具体做法(分别对应个人、社区、政府)、一句醒目的英文标语和一幅简笔插图,体现Reduce、Reuse、Recycle的理念。 4.两组上台展示海报并用英语解说,全班依据“主题明确、措施具体、语言准确、设计醒目”四项量表互评,评出“最佳守护提案”与“最佳海报”。 5.师生共同小结:一条江的重生=制度的约束+普通人的守护;从关掉一个水龙头到守护一条江,环保就在每一次选择里。 1.1e的分角色讨论让“解决方案”分层落地,避免答案空泛,同时为被动语态提供真实的使用场景。 2.本土化提案把课文迁移到学生身边的河流,使语言任务拥有真实对象与真实意义,写作不再是“写给老师看”。 3.1f海报创作融合图文表达与单元主题Reduce、Reuse、Recycle,实现跨模态输出与美育渗透。 4.展示与量表互评让评价可见、可操作,促进学生在比较中修正语言、提升表达自信。 5.结课点睛把知识、能力与价值收束成一句可带走的话,强化公民责任与行动自觉。
作业 必做: 1.运用1d思维导图,写一段60—80词的英文短文,说明长江由浊转清的过程,至少使用一次as a result、一次because of和两处一般过去时被动语态。 2.完成1c五问的书面作答,并把五个答案连成一段连贯的口头介绍,课前两分钟展示或录音提交。 选做: 3.为1f海报配写30词左右的英文说明,与海报一同张贴在班级“母亲河守护墙”,并用两句英文写下自己最想坚持的一个环保小行动。 1.思维导图写作把课堂阅读结构转化为书面输出,连接词与被动语态的限定使用,确保本课语言目标真正落地;2.书面作答与口头串讲双通道巩固1c,兼顾准确性与流利度;3.海报说明与“守护墙”展示延伸课堂情境,让环保从作业走向生活,培养持续的行动自觉。
教学练习题目与参考答案(1a—1e)
【1a】讨论水污染的成因与影响
题目:Discuss the questions to share what you know about water pollution. 1. What are the causes of water pollution 2. How does water pollution affect people's lives
参考答案:
1. Causes:waste from factories and homes;wastewater poured into rivers and lakes;rubbish and plastic bags thrown into the water;oil from ships;chemicals and fertilizers running into the river with the rain.
2. Effects:people have no clean water to drink or use;fish and plants in the river die;fishermen catch fewer and fewer fish and may lose their jobs;people may get ill;the river smells terrible and turns yellow;birds and other animals lose their homes.
解析:1a是开放性讨论题,答案不唯一,重在“说出理由、用得上词”。教学时应把学生的关键词分列Cause与Effect两栏板书,为1d思维导图的填写预先搭好语言与结构支架。
【1b】判断文本出处
题目:Read the text. Where might you find it A. In a newspaper. B. In an advertisement. C. In a novel.
参考答案:A. In a newspaper.
解析:文中出现“Mr Chen said to the reporter”,说明有记者在场采访;又交代了具体人物(53岁的陈明)、具体数据(15 kilometres、10 years from 2020)与事实性叙述,符合报纸人物报道的特征。广告以推销产品或服务为目的,小说是虚构的文学创作,二者与本文的纪实笔法均不相符。
【1c】再读课文回答问题
题目:Read again and answer the questions.
1. What does Chen Ming do every morning
2. What is his present job
3. What did he use to do for a living
4. What does his wife do now
5. Why is he proud of his job now
参考答案:
1. He walks 15 kilometres along the Yangtze River every morning.
2. He is a “Guardian of the River”. His job is to walk along the river and make sure that no one is fishing in it or polluting it.
3. He used to be a fisherman, like his father.
4. She has joined a river clean-up team, and she works together with Mr Chen to protect their mother river.
5. Because he has a good job and a steady income, and because the Yangtze River has returned to what it used to be like when he was a child — there is a lot of fish swimming in the clear water and beautiful birds enjoying their life on the bank. He feels that he is protecting the river for future generations.
解析:第1、2问依据第1段“Every morning, 53-year-old Chen Ming walks 15 kilometres along the Yangtze River.”与“His job is to walk along the river and make sure that no one is fishing in it or polluting it.”;第3问依据第2段“He grew up on the banks of the Yangtze River and used to be a fisherman, like his father.”;第4问依据末段“She has joined a river clean-up team, and we work together to protect our mother river.”;第5问须把“物质层面”(a good job and a steady income)与“情感层面”(江水恢复童年模样、为子孙后代守护)两层都答到,只答“他喜欢这份工作”不得满分。
【1d】补全思维导图
题目:Complete the mind map with the information from the text.
参考答案:
Cause:Waste from factories and homes went into the river;fishermen caught too many fish.
Problem:Parts of the river were smelly and yellow — the water was badly polluted.
Effect:The number of fish and plants in the river was dropping quickly.
Solution:The government built new waste centres to clean the wastewater before it went into the river, made laws to stop new factories from being built near the river, sent boats out to clean up the rubbish, banned fishing in the Yangtze River for 10 years from 2020, and gave Mr Chen and other fishermen new jobs as guardians.
解析:四格的依据依次在第2段前三句、第2段第二句、第2段“As a result”之后一句、第3段。特别提醒:Cause与Effect不可互换——“As a result”之后的内容才是结果;Solution的箭头回指Problem,说明治理针对的是问题本身。填写时应先画依据句,再提炼关键词,最后用完整句口头说明。
【1e】提出更多治理水污染的方案(含1f)
题目:Think of some other solutions to water pollution. What can you do What can the community do What can the government do
参考答案:
What can you do — Take shorter showers and turn off the tap when brushing my teeth; use less plastic and bring my own bottle; throw rubbish into bins instead of into the river; join river clean-up activities and ask my family to do the same.
What can the community do — Place more bins along the river and empty them regularly; hold a “River Clean-up Day” every month; set up a volunteer team of “river guardians”; put up posters to remind people not to litter.
What can the government do — Build and improve wastewater treatment centres; make stricter laws against dumping waste into rivers; send boats to collect rubbish; protect wetlands and riverbanks; pay full-time guardians to watch over the river.
1f参考提示:海报可包含标题“Be a Guardian of Our River”;三条做法(个人:use less plastic and save water;社区:join the monthly clean-up day;政府:treat the wastewater before it enters the river);标语“Every drop counts — guard our river for future generations.”;配一幅江水、飞鸟与岸边绿树的简笔插图。
解析:1e为开放题,评价看三点——是否分层(个人/社区/政府)、是否具体可行、语言是否正确(尤其被动语态与情态动词的搭配,如More bins should be placed…);1f评价看主题是否突出、措施是否与1e一一对应、标语是否简洁有力、版面是否清晰醒目。

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