资源简介

Module 3　Music　 　 　
Can you beatbox?
Have you ever seen someone make all sorts of drum (鼓) beats and musical rhythms (节奏) with nothing more than his or her voice? That's called beatboxing! It's a form of vocal percussion (人声打击乐) using only one's mouth, lips, tongue and voice.
Beatboxing is a big part of modern hip hop culture. Besides drum sounds, beatboxing can be used to sing, imitate (模仿) a record player and make sounds like different musical instruments.
Although the modern form of beatboxing got its start in the 1980s, using your voice to imitate percussion sounds has been popular for a long, long time. Historians believe people in India and China developed their own forms of vocal art several thousand years ago.
Beatboxing as we know it today — sometimes called human beatboxing — became popular in the early 1980s. Beatboxing pioneers included Doug E. Fresh, who said he was the first “human beatbox，” Swifty, Buffy and Wise.
Besides their voices and mouths, some beatboxers use their hands and other parts of their bodies to create more different rhythms. The term “beatboxing” came from the fact that early beatboxing tried to imitate the first drum machines, which were called beatboxes at the time.
Today, beatboxing is popular all over the world. Many countries have their own beatboxing organizations that organize national beatboxing competitions. There are also worldwide beatboxing competitions held internationally each year.
The popularity of beatboxing has also led some people to organize large beatboxing ensembles (合奏) in order to set a world record. The new Guinness World Record for the largest human beatbox ensemble is 6,430 people set in Hung Kong, on 26 June 2017!
From：wonderopolis.org
[语篇导读]
Beatbox是出现于上世纪八十年代的新兴嘻哈元素，是一种在二十一世纪初兴盛起来而形成的音乐文化。
[词海拾贝]
1．musical instrument　乐器
2．historian 历史学家
3．pioneer 先行者，先驱
4．rhythm 韵律
5．term 术语
6．worldwide 世界范围的
7．popularity 流行
8．set a record 创造纪录
Section Ⅰ　Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．核心单词
①audience n．　听众；观众
②classical n. 古典音乐
③genius n. 天才
④musical adj. 音乐的
⑤peasant n. 农民
2．拓展单词
①conductor n．指挥；售票员→conduct vt.指挥
②musician n．音乐家→music n．音乐→musical adj. 音乐的
③director n．指挥；导演→direct vt.指挥 adj.直接的→direction n．方向
④lose vt.失去；丢失→loss n．损失→lost adj.迷路的；丢失的
⑤talent n．天分；天赋；才华→talented adj.有才能的
⑥compose vt.作曲；创作→composer n．作曲家
与“音乐”有关的高频单词集锦
①conduct vt.　 　 指挥
②conductor n. (乐队等的)指挥
③album n. 专辑
④perform vt. 演出；表演
⑤performance n. 演出；表演
⑥classical adj. 古典的
⑦compose vt. 作曲；创作
⑧composer n. 作曲家
3.阅读单词
①choir n．　 (教堂里的)唱诗班；合唱队
②jazz n. 爵士乐
③orchestra n. 管弦乐队(团)
④saxophone n. 萨克斯管
⑤court n. 宫廷
⑥symphony n. 交响乐；交响曲；交响乐团
⑦Austria n. 奥地利
⑧Austrian adj. 奥地利的
⑨prince n. 王子；亲王
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．be_different_from 与……不同
2．be_known_as 作为……而出名
3．change..._into... 把……变成……
4．as_well_as 也，又
5．be_impressed_with 对……留下印象
6．go_deaf 变聋
7．of_all_time 有史以来
8．hear_of 听说
表达“愚蠢与聪明”的形容词小结
①gifted/talented　有才能的；有才干的
②stupid 愚蠢的
③silly 傻的；愚蠢的
④bright 明亮的；聪明的
⑤wise 明智的；聪明的；博学的
⑥brilliant 杰出的；有才气的
⑦foolish 傻的；愚蠢的
⑧intelligent 聪明的；智能的
known短语全扫描
①be/become known as 　　　　作为……而出名
②be/become known to sb. 　　　　为某人所熟知
③be/become known for 　　　　因……而出名
④as is known to us 　　　　众所周知
go ＋adj.词组小结
①go bad 　　　　变质
②go hungry 　　　　挨饿
③go blank 　　　　变得茫然
④go blind 　　　　变瞎
⑤go deaf 　　　　变聋
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．Having_worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, where he was very successful.在那儿工作了30年后，海顿搬到了伦敦，在那里，他非常成功。
2．By_the_time he was 14, Mozart had_composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.
到莫扎特14岁时，不仅已经谱写了很多管弦乐曲，还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。
3．While he was still a teenager, Mozart was already a big star and toured Europe giving concerts.
当莫扎特还是个少年时，他就已经是一个大明星了，并在欧洲举办了巡回音乐会。
4．However, it_was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.
然而，鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的正是海顿。
篇章理解
1. First look at the pictures，and then skim the first sentence of each paragraph on Page 22～23 and choose the best title.
A．Three Great Austrian Composers.
B．Three Great Composers of the Eighteenth Century.
C．Three Great Child Composers.
D．Haydn and Mozart.
答案：B
2．Match the following information with the three composers.
A．was very popular in Vienna
①Haydn B．is known as “ the father of the symphony”
C．started composing music when he was very young
②Mozart　　D. became completely deaf during the
last years of his life
E. was the son of a peasant
③Beethoven F. played the harpsichord in a concert for the Empress of Austria
答案：①B、E　②C、F　③A、D
3．Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
(1)From the story of Haydn we may learn that ________.
A．one can become successful even if he was a son of a peasant
B．Haydn was the most famous for his beautiful voice
C．Haydn was the first to write symphonies
D．Haydn spent most of his life in London
(2)What did Mozart and Beethoven have in common?
A. Both of their fathers were singers.
B．Both of them learned a lot from Haydn.
C．Both of them showed musical talent as a young boy.
D．They were of the same nationality.
(3)Who couldn't learn music from his father?
A．Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
B．Joseph Haydn.
C．Ludwig van Beethoven.
D．None of them.
(4)Mozart met Beethoven ________.
A．together with Haydn
B．later than Haydn met Beethoven
C．earlier than Haydn met Beethoven
D．in 1791
(5)In which city do you think a composer will develop better?
A．In London.　　　　B．In Salzburg.
C．In Bonn. D．In Vienna.
(6)From Beethoven's story, we can infer that ________.
A．failure is the mother of success
B．going deaf is not a bad thing
C．a healthy mind is in a healthy body
D．difficulty is nothing for a real man
答案：(1)A　(2)C　(3)B　(4)C　(5)D　(6)D
4. Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks.
Haydn
Mozart
Beethoven
Birthplace
(1)Austria
(2)Austria
(3)Germany
Family background
not a musician
a (4)musician & orchestra (5)conductor
a (6) singer
musical achievements
known as the
father of
(7) symphony
composed more than
(8)600 pieces of music
popular in the
Austrian capital &
continued
(9)composing after being (10)deaf
relationship between them
·Haydn thought highly of Mozart. They were friends.
·Mozart was impressed by Beethoven.
·Beethoven was not impressed by Haydn but Haydn encouraged him to move to Vienna.
知识点详解——重点词汇、短语
1．lose vt.丢失；失去
He said he had lost the book，which was untrue.
他说他把那本书遗失了，但这是不真实的。
She seemed to have lost interest in food.
她好像对食物不感兴趣了。
归纳拓展
①lose face/heart/weight　　丢面子/灰心/减肥
lose one's job/balance/sight/temper/way 失业/ 失衡/失明/发脾气/迷路
be lost in... 专心致志于某事；在……迷路
(be)lost in thought 陷入沉思
②lost adj. 失去的；丢失的；迷路的
③loss n. 失去；丧失
at a loss 困惑；不知所措
Don't lose heart. Keep up and you'll succeed in time.
不要灰心，坚持下去，迟早你会成功的。
After reading the books，he was lost in thought.
读完书后，他陷入了沉思。,
即学即练 ?
语法填空
①He sat there, lost (lose) in thought.
②He was at a loss for a suitable reply.
③John studies very hard and never loses (lose) heart in the face of difficulties.
相似助记
表示“丢失的；失去的”可用“be lost/gone/missing”形式。
联想助记
lose的过去式和过去分词都是lost，lost可作形容词使用。
2.be known (famous) as...作为……而出名
Joseph Haydn(1732～1809)was an Austrian composer and is known as “the father of the symphony”．(教材P22)
约瑟夫·海顿(1732～1809)是奥地利的一位作曲家，被誉为“交响乐之父”。
归纳拓展
be known/famous for 　因……而出名，因……而众所周知
be known to 为……所熟知
As is known to all...＝As we all know...＝It is known to all that...
众所周知……
①The name of Hegel is known to most Chinese college students.
大多数中国大学生都知道黑格尔的名字。
②Before the foundation of new China this mountain village was known for its poverty.
新中国成立前，这个小山村由于贫穷而出名。
即学即练 ?
语法填空
①France is known for its fine food and red wine.
②France is known as a romantic country.
③Jeremy Lin is known to all the people in China.
漫画助记
Einstein was known as a great physicist.
爱因斯坦作为一个杰出的物理学家而出名。
相似助记
be known as/for/to...短语中，known可以用well-known替代，well-known意为“出名的”。

3.compose vt. 创作；作曲；构成
He only lived 35 years and he composed more than 600 pieces of music.(教材P22)
他只活了35岁，却谱写出了600多首曲目。
He spent his spare time composing poetry.
他用业余时间来创作诗歌。
常用结构
be composed of＝consist of＝be made up of　　由……组成
compose oneself 使自己镇定下来
compose a speech/poem 创作演讲稿/诗歌
The new plan is composed of three parts, each of which is very important.
这个新计划由三部分构成，且每一部分都很重要。
?归纳拓展
composer n. 　　　　　　　 创作者；作曲家
composition n. 作曲；作文
composed adj. 镇静的，平静的
即学即练 ?
1.用compose的适当形式填空
①He is a famous composer of pop music and has composed more than 200 pieces of music.
②This is my favourite melody and it is one of Beethoven's greatest composition.
2．一句多译
我们班由20名男生和16名女生组成。
①Our class consists_of twenty boys and sixteen girls.
②Our class is_composed_of twenty boys and sixteen girls.
③Our class is_made_up_of twenty boys and sixteen girls.
4.talent n．天分；天赋；才华
Wolfgang had musical talent from a very early age.(教材P22)
沃尔夫冈很小的时候就显示出了音乐天赋。
This kind of game is useful to develop children's talents.
这种游戏有助于发展儿童的才智。
归纳拓展
①have a talent/genius/gift for...　　　 有……的天分
show a talent for... 表现出……的天赋
②talented adj. 有才能的；有天分的
My brother showed a talent for music when he was very young.
我弟弟很小的时候就表现出音乐才能。
He has a talent for painting.他有绘画方面的才能。
即学即练 ?
语法填空
①Let's have a round of applause(掌声) for a very lovely and talented (talent) young lady who is going to sing a song for us.
②The girl has a great talent for writing. Up to now, she has written six books, including a book about the robot.
5.be impressed with/by 留下深刻印象
Haydn met Mozart in 1781 and was impressed with him.(教材P23)
海顿在1781年与莫扎特相遇，并对他印象很深刻。
I was deeply impressed with his speech.他的演说给我留下深刻印象。
归纳拓展
①be impressed with/by/at　　　 　　　　　　对……印象深刻
②impress vt. 使印象深刻
impress sb. with sth.＝impress sth.on sb. 给……留下印象
③impression n. 印象
make/leave an impression on 给……留下印象
My father impressed me with the importance of work.
＝My father impressed on me the importance of work.
父亲让我牢记工作的重要性。
The new teacher made a good impression on the students.
新老师给学生留下了一个好印象。
即学即练 ?
用impress适当形式填空
My new teacher made a good impression on us by impressing us with her sense of humour. Her speech was impressive. That is to say, we were impressed with/by her speech.
我的新老师通过她的幽默感给我们留下了一个好印象。她的演讲让人印象深刻，也就是说，她的演讲给我们留下了深刻印象。
漫画助记
She was impressed by the beauty of the West Lake.
西湖的美景给她留下了深刻的印象。
6.“go＋adj.”结构
As he grew older, he began to go deaf.(教材P23)
随着年龄的增长，他的耳朵开始变聋。
[用法分析]　“go＋adj.”是系表结构，其中go是系动词，意为“变成，变得，变为”，接形容词作表语，表示状态或颜色的变化，通常指由好变坏或由正常变为不正常。常见搭配：go mad“发疯”；go wild“发狂”；go hungry“挨饿”；go blind“失明”；go wrong“出毛病”；go red“(脸)变红”；go bad“(食物)变质”。
①The washing machine has gone wrong.
洗衣机出毛病了。
②My face went red as I read the teacher's comments.
当我读老师的评语时，我的脸变红了。
[特别提醒]　常见的“变成”类系动词还有become, get, grow, turn等，但它们的用法不同：
(1)become和get表示的变化可以是由好到坏，也可以是由坏到好，强调变化过程的完成。
become famous　　成名
(2)grow有“逐渐变化”的含义，强调变化的过程。
grow tall 长高
grow fat 发胖
(3)turn后面多接表示颜色的形容词作表语。
turn yellow 变黄
turn pale 变得苍白
即学即练 ?
1.完成句子
①不幸的是，那个男孩在三岁的时候失明了。
Unfortunately, the boy went_blind at the age of three.
②请不要生气。
Please don't get_angry.
③上午停电了，因此放在冰箱里的酸奶坏了。
The power was off this morning, therefore, the yoghurt in fridge went_bad.
④秋天里，大多数树叶都变成了黄色、红色或褐色。
Most leaves turn yellow, red and brown in the fall.
2．单句改错
The children went wildly with excitement.
wildly→wild
7．change... into... 把……变成……
Other composers had written symphonies before Haydn, but he changed the symphony into a long piece for a large orchestra.
在海顿之前也曾有过作曲家谱写交响乐，但是他把交响乐曲转变成了适合交响乐团演奏的长乐曲。
The ugly caterpillar will change into a beautiful butterfly.
丑陋的毛毛虫会变成美丽的蝴蝶。
归纳拓展
get changed　　换衣服
change... for... 把……替换成……；用……换来……
change sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物
change n. 变化；零钱；找头
①They told the shopkeeper to keep the change.
他们告诉店主不用找钱了。
②She changed a five-dollar bill for five single ones.
她把一张5美元的钞票兑换成5张一美元的钞票。
即学即练 ?
语法填空
①The refrigerator changed the glass of water into ice.
②Hurry up. I'm afraid you can't have time to get changed (change) before the party.
③She took the dress back to the shop and changed it for another.
④Great changes (change) have taken place here.
⑤Will you change seats with me?
漫画助记
8．traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的
Which instruments are used in traditional Chinese music?
在中国的传统音乐中都用哪些音乐器材？
In New Zealand, the Maori people maintain a strong cultural tradition.
在新西兰，毛利人保持着深厚的文化传统。
?归纳拓展
tradition n. 传统；惯例
traditionally adv. 传说上；习惯上；传统上
by tradition 按照传统风俗
break with tradition 打破常规；打破惯例
keep up the tradition 保持传统
We're still a traditional school in a lot of ways.
我们在很多方面仍是一所旧式学校。
即学即练 ?
1.语法填空
①By tradition, throwing a shoe is the most insulting act in the Arab world.
②The traditional (tradition) breakfast in this area includes bacon and eggs.
③Married women have traditionally (traditional) been treated as dependent on their husbands.
2．完成句子
他们决定打破传统。
They decided to break_with_tradition.

知识点详解——重点句型
1．Having_worked_there_for_30_years，Haydn moved to London，where he was very successful.(教材P22)
在那里工作了三十个年头之后，海顿移居伦敦。在那里，海顿大获成功。
[句式分析]
句中Having worked there for 30 years为现在分词短语的完成式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，表示分词所表示的动作发生在句子的谓语动作之前。
Having finished his paper，he went out.(＝After he had finished his paper，he went out.)
完成论文之后，他就出去了。
归纳总结
现在分词(短语)的完成时的用法：
①构成：having ＋done
②被动式：having been ＋done
③否定式：not having ＋done
④语法功能：通常作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等
⑤意义：表示分词动作发生在句子谓语动作之前
Having learned English for 4 years，my students now can make easy conversations.
学了四年英语后，我的学生们现在能够做简单的对话。
Not having met her，I couldn't tell you what she was like.因没有见过她，所以当时我说不出来她的模样。
Having been explained many times，the maths problem was still difficult to understand.
尽管被解释了多遍，这道数学题仍旧很难理解。
即学即练 ?
1.用动词的适当形式填空
①Having_finished (finish) his homework，the boy went to play computer games.
②There are many people at the stop，waiting (wait) for the bus.
③Returning (return) to the village after ages，he found it changed a lot.
④Having_been_told (tell) many times, he realized his mistake eventually.
2．翻译句子
①游完长城，他写下了一篇文章。
Having_visited_the_Great_Wall，he_wrote_an_article.
②因之前没有看见过这种星象，男孩们突然大叫起来。
Not_having_seen_such_a_scene,_the_boys_burst_out_shouting.
2.By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.
到14岁时，莫扎特就已经谱写了很多首拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲、小提琴曲以及管弦乐曲。
[句式分析]
本句中by the time充当连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“到……的时候(为止)”，这时主句常用完成时。
?归纳拓展
“by＋时间名词”作状语，句子的时态如下：
(1)“by＋表示过去的时间”作状语时，句子的谓语一般用过去完成时。
(2)by the time＋从句(一般过去时)，主句一般用过去完成时。
(3)“by＋表示将来的时间”作状语时，句子的谓语一般用将来完成时。
(4)by the time＋从句(一般现在时)，主句一般用将来完成时。
[特别提醒]　在“by the time＋从句＋主句”中，如果主句中的谓语动词是连系动词，后面又无表示一段时间的状语时，主句的时态可用一般过去时或一般将来时。
即学即练 ?
1.语法填空
①By the time you receive this letter, I will_have_left (leave) this city for my hometown.
②By the end of last month, they had_treated (treat) 30,000 patients.
2．完成句子
①到14岁时，他已经自学了高等数学。
By the time he was fourteen years old, he had_learned advanced maths by himself.
②你来时我就能完成工作了。
I will_have_finished my work by the time you come.
3.However，it_was_Haydn_who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.(教材P23)
然而，是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。
[句式分析]
本句为强调句型，其基本结构为“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that(指人时可用who)＋其他部分”。被强调的部分通常是句子的主语、宾语和状语。
It was in the street that I met Li Hua.
我是在大街上遇到李华的。
It was Li Hua who/that I met in the street.
在大街上我遇到的是李华。
?归纳拓展
①强调句的一般疑问句：Was/Is it＋被强调部分＋that(强调人时可用who)．..?
强调句的特殊疑问句形式：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其余部分……？
②until引导的时间状语从句的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
Was it in the office that he saw you just now?
他刚才见你的地方是在办公室吗？
When was it that they went abroad?
他们什么时候出国的？
It was not until twelve o'clock last night that I went to bed.
昨天晚上我一直到十二点才睡。
温馨提示：
①强调句型的判别方式：把it is/was及that 去掉，调整后依然是一个完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句型。
②在强调句型中，当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应同被强调成分的人称和数保持一致。
It is Wei Fang who has broken the record.
是魏芳打破了纪录。
即学即练 ?
1.语法填空
①It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
②It was at 5 o'clock that the visitors finally arrived at Pudong International Airport.
③—Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident?
—No, it was only two passengers that got hurt.
2.用强调句型改写句子，画线处为被强调部分
①He did the experiment in_the_chemistry_lab.
It was in the chemistry lab that he did the experiment.
②Tom broke the window of the room yesterday.
It was Tom that/who broke the window of the room yesterday.
4．Is Chinese classical music different from European classical music? If so, can you explain how?
中国古典音乐和欧洲古典音乐不同吗？如果不同，你能解释如何不同吗？
[句式分析]
本句中If so为if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，在此相当于If Chinese classical music is different from European classical music。
[用法分析]　if so为省略句式，意为“如果那样的话”，if用作连词，so用来代替上文的内容，以避免重复。so可以代替单词(形容词、副词)、词组或句子。
Will you be free this Sunday? If so, let's go camping!
这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧！
归纳拓展
if型省略结构常见的还有：
if any　　如果有(一些)
if anybody (anyone) 若有(任何)人的话
if ever 即使有(也……)
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if not (用在if引导的句子之后)不然，要不
if possible 如果可能的话,
即学即练 ?
1.用if so, if possible, if necessary, if not填空
①It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine. If_so,_we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
②If_necessary,_I'll be glad to pick you up.
③I will go with you, if_possible.
④If_not for John, Brian wouldn't have learned the truth.
2．完成句子
①她即使没听懂他的话，也明白了他的意思，并且接受了他的建议。
She understood his meaning, if_not his words, and took his advice.
②这里的气候很宜人，夏天的气温极少达到30摄氏度。
The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if_ever,_reaching 30 ℃ in summer.
[词语积累]
①composer n．作曲家
②be known as作为……而著名
③symphony n．交响乐；交响曲；交响乐团
④change... into把……转变成
⑤orchestra n．管弦乐队(团)
⑥peasant n．农民
⑦a singing voice歌喉
⑧court n．宫廷
⑨prince n．王子；亲王
⑩director n．指挥
?musical adj.音乐的
musician n．音乐家
?genius n．天才
?of all time有史以来
?compose vt.作曲；创作
?conductor n．指挥
conduct v．指导；指挥
?talent n．天分；天赋；才华
?harpsichord n．拨弦键琴
?as well as也，还
A as well as B作主语时，强调A，谓语动词的人称和数应与A保持一致。
?tour vt.巡回演出
?be impressed with sb.对某人印象深刻
play与表示西洋乐器的名词连用时，在表示西洋乐器的名词前加the，但中国乐器名词前一般不加the。
something wonderful精彩的东西
however adv.表转折，意为“然而”，常与后面的句子用逗号隔开。
the rest of...其余的……
作主语时，谓语动词的数应根据of后所接名词的单复数而定。
[核心素养链接·文化采风]
维也纳(Vienna)，位于多瑙河畔，是奥地利的首都和最大的城市，也是欧洲主要的文化中心，被誉为“世界音乐之都”。无数音乐家曾在维也纳学习、生活和投身音乐创作，其中包括维也纳古典乐派的三位杰出代表：海顿、莫扎特和贝多芬，还有李斯特、莱哈尔、布鲁克纳、马勒、格鲁克等。
Joseph Haydn (1732～1809 ) was an Austrian composer① and is known as② “the father of the symphony③”. Other composers had written symphonies before Haydn, but he changed the symphony into④ a long piece for a large orchestra⑤.
He was born in a village in Austria, the son of a peasant⑥【1】. He had a beautiful singing voice⑦. After studying music in Vienna, Haydn went to work at the court⑧ of a prince⑨ in eastern Austria, where he became director⑩ of music.【2】 Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, where he was very successful.【3】
【1】the son of a peasant作He的同位语，起补充说明的作用。
【2】After studying... Vienna在句中作时间状语。where he became... music为where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词eastern Austria, where可换成in which。
【3】Having worked... years为现在分词的完成式，在句中作状语，强调worked这一动作发生在moved表示的动作之前。where he was very successful为where引导的非限制性定语从句，where可换成in which。
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart(1756～1791) was a composer，possibly the greatest musical? genius? of all time?. He only lived 35 years and he composed? more than 600 pieces of music.
Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria. His father Leopold was a musician and orchestra conductor?. Wolfgang had musical talent? from a very early age. He learned to play the harpsichord? when he was four, he started composing music when he was five, and when he was six, he played the harpsichord in a concert for the Empress of Austria.【4】
【4】本句为and连接的并列复合句，三个分句中的when he was four, when he was five和when he was six都是when引导的时间状语从句。
By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as? for orchestras.【5】While he was still a teenager【6】， Mozart was already a big star and toured? Europe giving concerts. Haydn met Mozart in 1781 and was very impressed with? him. “He is the greatest composer the world has known【7】，” he said. The two were friends until Mozart's death in 1791.
【5】本句为复合句。By the time相当于连词，意为“到……时(为止)”，引导时间状语从句，主句中composed这一动作发生在从句谓语动词所表示的动作之前，故主句用了过去完成时。
【6】此处为While引导的时间状语从句，While意为“当……的时候”。
【7】the world has known为定语从句，修饰先行词the greatest composer，关系词在从句中作宾语，被省略了。
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770～1827) was born in Bonn, Germany. He showed musical talent when he was very young【8】， and learned to play the violin and piano from his father, who was a singer【9】. Mozart met Beethoven and was impressed by him. “He will give something wonderful to the world，” he said.
【8】此处为when引导的时间状语从句。
【9】此处为who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his father。
Beethoven met Haydn in 1791, but was not impressed by the older man. After they had known each other for many years, Beethoven said, “He is a good composer, but he has taught me nothing.” However， it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.【10】
【10】本句使用了强调句型“it was... who...”，强调了主语Haydn，其中who可用that代替。
Beethoven became very popular in the Austrian capital and stayed there for the rest of his life. As he grew older【11】， he began to go deaf. He became completely deaf during the last years of his life, but he continued composing.
【11】此处为As引导的时间状语从句，As在此意为“随着”。
[课文翻译]
约瑟夫·海顿(1732～1809)是一位奥地利作曲家，他以“交响乐之父”而闻名。在海顿之前已经有其他作曲家从事交响乐的创作了，但是他把交响乐曲改成了适合交响乐团演奏的长乐曲。他出生在奥地利一个乡村的农民家庭。他有一副唱歌的好嗓子。在维也纳学习音乐之后，海顿去奥地利东部一个王子的宫廷里工作，在那里他成了音乐指挥家。在那儿工作了30年后，海顿移居伦敦，并在那里取得了很大的成功。
沃尔夫冈·阿马迪厄斯·莫扎特(1756～1791)是一位作曲家，他或许是有史以来最伟大的音乐天才。他去世时年仅35岁，谱写了600多支乐曲。
莫扎特出生在奥地利的萨尔茨堡，他父亲莱波尔德既是音乐家又是管弦乐队的指挥。沃尔夫冈很小的时候就表现出了音乐天赋。他4岁学习弹奏拨弦键琴，5岁开始谱曲。6岁时，他在一次音乐会上为奥地利皇后弹奏拨弦键琴。
莫扎特到14岁的时候，不仅谱写了很多管弦乐曲，还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。当莫扎特还是个青少年时，他就已经是个大明星了，并在欧洲举办了巡回音乐会。海顿在1781年与莫扎特相遇，莫扎特给他留下了深刻的印象。他说：“他是目前世界上最伟大的作曲家。”他们两人的友谊一直持续到1791年莫扎特去世。
路德维格·范·贝多芬(1770～1827)出生在德国的波恩。他很小的时候就显露出了音乐天赋，他师从身为歌唱家的父亲，学习拉小提琴和弹钢琴。莫扎特遇见了贝多芬，贝多芬给他留下了深刻的印象。莫扎特说：“他必将给世人留下精彩的作品。”
1791年贝多芬遇见了海顿，但对这位长者他的印象并不深。在他们认识多年后，贝多芬说：“他是一名优秀的作曲家，可是他什么也没有教我。”然而，是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。
贝多芬在奥地利首都很受欢迎，并在那里度过了余生。随着年龄的增长，他的耳朵变聋了。在他生命的最后几年中，他已经完全聋了，但他继续谱曲。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The audience (听众) were fascinated by her beautiful song.
2．Leonardo da Vinci was a genius (天才) in many fields.
3．He is a composer (作曲家) of serious music. I like his music a lot.
4．A good teacher is like the conductor (指挥) of the symphony orchestra.
5．It is said that many famous musicians (音乐家) both at home and abroad will perform at the concert.
6．The tune was composed (作曲) at the beginning of the War of Liberation.
7．The band of The Same Song has been touring (巡回演出) around our country, including Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao.
8．He had lost (丢失) his identity card and was being questioned by the police.
9．What sort of music do you like better, pop or classical (古典音乐)?
10．As an artist, the composer expresses his own musical (音乐) ideas.
Ⅱ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1．Is the Chinese instrument different from the other instruments?
2．He is famous for mixing Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation.
3．He changed the symphony into a long piece for a large orchestra.
4．Mozart was a composer, possibly the greatest musical genius of all time.
5．By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.
6．Haydn met Mozart in 1781 and was very impressed with him.
7．Had you heard of any of these composers before you read the passage?
8．Is it important to know anything about classical music?
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
阅读下面课文缩写材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Haydn, who changed the symphony into a long piece for a large orchestra, is known 1.________ “the father of the symphony”. After 2.________ (study) music in Vienna, he worked as 3.________ (direct) of music at the court of a prince in eastern Austria. 4.________ (work) there for 30 years, he moved to London, 5.________ he was very successful.
As a genius child 6.________ (music), Mozart had a talent 7.________ music from a very early age. In his short lifetime of 35 years, he composed more than 600 pieces of music. In 1781, Mozart met Haydn and made a deep 8.________ (impress) on him.
Beethoven moved to Vienna after Haydn's encouragement. He 9.________ (stay) there for the rest of his life and continued 10.________ (compose) after he went deaf.
答案：
1．as　2.studying　3.director　4.Having worked　5.where　6.musician　7.for　8.impression　9.stayed　10.composing/to compose
课时作业(七)　Module 3　Section ⅠIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The players were all in position，waiting for the conductor to direct them.
2．Einstein was probably the greatest mathematical genius (天才) of all time.
3．At the singing competition，our school choir (合唱队) sang the song of“The Yellow River Cantata (黄河大合唱)”．
4．Do you prefer classical music written by Mozart and Beethoven，or pop?
5. Jane has shown a great talent in painting；she is sure to become an artist in the future.
6. The group is made up of local musicians (音乐家) who have been performing together for several years.
7．The TV play of My Ugly Mother enjoyed a larger audience (观众)．
8．A peasant (农民) is a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land and works on the land.
9. The Twelve Girls band is making a two-week tour (巡回演出) in the major cities in south China.
10. I'd like a book about Chinese classical (古典的) poetry.
Ⅱ.选词填空
known as； change... into...； more than； by the time； as well as...； be impressed with； talent； lose； compose； tour
1．Known_as the greatest composer of all the time，the musician composed more than 500 pieces of music.
2．I'd like to change these pounds into dollars.
3．By_the_time he came back，we had finished the job.
4．Having_lost his dictionary，he had to buy a new one.
5．They've decided to make a tour round the world.
6．All of us were_impressed_with her diligence.
7．We are more_than pleased to help you with the matter.
8．The teacher as_well_as all the students is going to the concert.
9．He is a good musician，but not a talent one.
10．The medical team is composed of six doctors and ten nurses.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
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students, 18-22.
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Room for Rent in Shurley
Single room to rent in large 4-bedroom house.
Furnished with single bed, large desk, 2 chairs，
drawers, shelves and TV.
Big kitchen and nice living room. Very friendly，
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Available (可利用的) from 28th June to end of
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New Modern Apartment to Rent near Colney
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Lovely, large room with new furniture.
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【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章是四则房屋出租广告。
1．How much should you pay for half a year if you are prepared to rent Emily's house?
A．￡350. B．￡700.
C．￡1,050. D．￡2,100.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由第二则广告中的信息￡350 per month. Minimum of 6 months. Call Emily可知，Emily提供的房源，半年的房租为2 100英镑。
2．Which place is good for somebody who needs a room only for the summer?
A．The house in Victoria Street.
B．The 4-bedroom house in Shurley.
C．The 3-bedroom Oxford apartment.
D．The modem apartment near Colney Hatch Lane.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由第三则广告中的信息Room for Rent in Shurley... Available from 28th June to end of August可知，位于Shurley的这套四室的房子只在夏季出租。
3．If you want to rent a room near Colney Hatch Lane, which number should you call?
A．7344 5967 533. B．0771 8551 334.
C．0897 2670 428. D．0770 9885 301.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由最后一则广告中的信息New Modern Apartment to Rent near Colney Hatch Lane... Call 0897 2670 428可知答案。
B
Kids in primary schools in Bellaire, Ohio, have something to sing about. For the past eight years, public primary schools, in that town didn't offer music classes. They didn't have the money to pay for them. But the school district got some support to bring back music this school year.
Many school officials across the country say music classes get students excited about going to school. And studies have shown that music classes may boost brainpower. For example, researchers from the University of Southern California recently released (发布) the results of a five-year study. They found that the brains of 10-and 11-year-olds who learned to play a musical instrument developed faster than the brains of kids who didn't.
Though most people aren't against teaching music in schools, not everyone says it's necessary.
Many school officials argue (争论) that learning music means less time spent on math, writing, and science, all of which may be more useful to students later in life.
Here's what two of our readers think.
Music should be taught in school for the simple reason that it makes learning more fun. We have music classes at my school, and I love them!
Taking music lessons can also build character (品质). In 2015, a research company called Grunwald Associates did a survey on music education. More than 60 percent of parents whose kids took music classes in school said their child became more focused.
——Noah Falcon, New Jersey
At my school, we don't have music classes. I think that's OK because it gives us more time to focus on main subjects, like reading and math. It's more important to learn these subjects than it is to learn how to play an instrument or sing.
If someone wanted to take music lessons, he or she could do it outside of school. I took a mariachi (墨西哥街头乐队音乐) class after school, so it didn't take time away from my other classes.
——Sophia Salazar, California
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章探讨了儿童是否应该在学校上音乐课。
4．What change has happened in primary schools in Bellaire this year?
A．Music classes are offered.
B．The school year is shortened.
C．Singing is allowed in schools.
D．Kids can get prizes if they learn music.
答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第一段中的For the past eight years, public primary schools in that town didn't offer music classes和But the school district got some support to bring back music this school year的对比可知，该地区的小学今年开设了音乐课。
5．What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Create. B．Prevent.
C．Increase. D．Discover.
答案与解析：C　词义猜测题。由第二段中介绍的研究结果the brains of 10-and 11-year-olds who learned to play a musical instrument developed faster than the brains of kids who didn't可知，音乐课可以促进脑力的开发。
6．What does Noah Falcon think of music education?
A．It is unnecessary.
B．It is very important.
C．It is a waste of money.
D．It is easy to continue.
答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由Noah Falcon表达的观点it makes learning more fun和Taking music lessons can also build character可知，他认为音乐教育很重要。
7．What can we learn about Sophia Salazar?
A．She didn't like music at all.
B．Music brings her more fun.
C．Music helps her keep focused.
D．She took a music class after school.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由Sophia Salazar自述的I took a mariachi class after school可知答案。
Ⅳ.七选五
Plants are very important living things. Life could not go if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. __1__ Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. __2__
If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.
__3__ The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. __4__ An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.
__5__ They grow from spores (孢子). Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds. When these spores fall on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.
A．There are about half a million kinds of plants in the world.
B．Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight.
C．But a few fruits have no seeds at all.
D．Not all the plants grow from the seeds.
E．This is why we find that there are so many plants around
us.
F．Flowering plants can make seeds.
G．Most non-flowering plants don't grow from seeds.
【语篇解读】　本文为说明文，是植物类文章。文章主要讲的是植物的重要性。
1．答案与解析：B　根据前句提到植物的重要性，它可以制造食物，再根据后句提到动物和人类，所以此处应该选B，通过对比体现植物的重要性。
2．答案与解析：E　前句说动物和人类需要植物才能生存，后句让仔细观察周围的植物，所以此处表示这就是为什么我们身边有如此多的植物。
3．答案与解析：F　根据上文，文章提到有两种植物flowering plants and non-flowering plants，下面先介绍开花的，再根据后句种子是被果实保护的，可知F项符合语境。
4．答案与解析：C　根据前句有些有很多种子，后句举例没有种子的水果是香蕉，可知此处表示有些没有种子的水果。
5．答案与解析：G　根据前面的内容可知介绍完了开花植物，再介绍不开花植物。再根据后句They grow from spores.，他们是由孢子长成的，所以大部分无花植物都不是由种子长成的。
课件91张PPT。Section Ⅰ　Introduction &
Reading and Vocabulary Section Ⅱ　Grammar
一、时间状语从句
时间状语从句用来说明主句谓语动词发生的时间，由连词引导。本单元主要学习when, while, as及by the time引导的时间状语从句。
1．when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用，主句和从句中的动作或状态可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。
When they heard the news, they were very excited.
当他们听到这个消息时，非常激动。(hear是短暂性动词)
When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。(live是延续性动词)
[名师点津]　
(1)when还可作并列连词，意为“就在这个时候”。
I was watching TV when someone knocked at the door.
我正在看电视，这时突然有人敲门。
(2)when还可译为“这时；就在那时”，常用于以下句型：
①be about to do... when 正要做……这时
②be doing... when 正在做……这时
③had done... when 刚做完……就
2．while引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
While/When she was reading a novel, she cried.
她看小说的时候哭了。
They rushed in while we were discussing problems.
我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。
[名师点津]　while还可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。另外， while还可用作并列连词，表示“然而”。
While/Although/Though he is young, he has been to many countries.
虽然他很小，但他去过很多国家。
Some men were rich, while others are poor.
一些人很富有，而其他人很贫穷。
3．as引导时间状语从句时，常表示两个动作交替进行或同时发生，可译作“一边……一边……；随着”。
He hurried home, looking behind as he went.
他匆忙回家去，一边走一边回头望。
As time went on, it's getting warmer and warmer.
随着时间的推移，天越来越暖和了。
4．by the time引导时间状语从句时，一般情况下，如果从句用一般过去时，主句则用过去完成时；如果从句用一般现在时，主句则用将来完成时。
By the time I got to the station, the train had already gone.
我到达火车站时，火车已经开走了。
By the time he retires, he will have worked for 35 years.
到退休时，他将工作满35年。
[考情分析]
状语从句包括时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、目的和结构状语从句。统计近几年的高考英语试题及各地的模拟试题可以看出，每套试题中时间状语从句所占比重最大，试题中会出现不同性质的连词，如as可以引导时间状语从句也可作并列连词使用，表示对比关系。
[即时训练1]
单句填空
1．Whenever you buy (buy) a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.
2．It was the middle of the night when my father woke (wake) me up and told me to watch the football game.
3．As you go through this book, you will_find (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
4．She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was_shopping (shop) at the department store.
5．The passengers were_enjoying (enjoy) themselves when a small rat stole out from the bag of a young man.
二、过去完成时
1．基本用法
过去完成时的构成为“had＋过去分词”。主要用法如下：
(1)表示某一动作或存在的状态发生在过去某一时间或某一动作之前，即“过去的过去”。
By the end of last week, they had finished the work.
到上周末为止，他们已经完成了工作。
When Jack arrived, he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.
当杰克到时，他得知玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。
[名师点津]　过去完成时常常用在宾语从句中，从句谓语动作发生在主句谓语动作(过去时)之前。
She said that she had finished her homework.
她说她已完成家庭作业了。
(2)某些动词的过去完成时表示过去未实现的希望、计划或打算。常用的动词有hope, expect, suppose, think, want, wish等。
They had wanted to help but couldn't get here in time.
他们本来想要来帮忙的，但未能及时赶到这儿。
I had hoped to send him a Christmas card, but I forgot to do so.
我本来想送他一张圣诞节贺卡，但把这事给忘了。
2．过去完成时在几个重点句型中的应用
(1)在no sooner... than, hardly... when句型中，主句用过去完成时，意为“一……就；刚……就”。
I had hardly stepped into the classroom when the bell rang.
我一踏入教室的门，铃就响了。
No sooner had he rushed out than the house fell down.
他刚冲出去房子就塌了。
(2)在it was the first time that...句型中，that从句常用过去完成时。
It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.
这是他第一次用这样的语调跟我讲话。
3．过去完成时与一般过去时的区别
一般过去时侧重发生在过去的客观事实；而过去完成时强调动作发生在“过去的过去”，一定有一个表示过去的参照点。
I had been at the bus stop for 30 minutes when a bus finally came.
当公交车最终来的时候，我已在车站等了三十分钟。
He once worked as a teacher for 5 years, but now he is a successful manager.
他曾经做过5年教师，但现在他是一位成功的经理。
[考情分析]
动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重。过去完成时是高考命题的热点之一，而且题干中有效信息越来越隐蔽，注重在语境中考查动词的时态，试题难度呈现加大的趋势，对语境理解能力的要求逐步提高。因此做题时要吃透语境，善于捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，克服汉语式的惯性思维，把时态和语态结合在一起，进行综合考虑。
[即时训练2]
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I had_left (leave) my book in the cafe.
2．When walking down the street, I came across David, who I hadn't_seen (not see) for years.
3．Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she had seen (see) most of the guests before.
4．It was the first time that he had_visited (visit) the Great Wall.
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子
1．到去年为止，已经出版了30,000本书。
By last year, 30,000 books had_been_published.
2．她说她还没看过那部小说。
She said that she hadn't_read the novel yet.
3．我们本来希望能来看看你。
We had_hoped to be able to come and see you.
4．这是她第三次被他的话伤害。
It was the third time that she had_been hurt by his words.
5．他说他已经告诉我们要买什么了。
He said he had_told us what to buy.
6．这对双胞胎已经完成了他们的家庭作业，他们被允许在操场上打羽毛球。
The twins, who had_finished their homework, were_allowed to play badminton in the playground.
Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1．I remembered I hadn't_told (tell) her the truth yet.
2．Before he moved (move) to the countryside, he had_lived (live) in town for ten years.
3．The bus had_gone (go) when I arrived at the bus stop.
4．He had_copied (copy) the report three times by ten last night.
5．Tom had thought of visiting his grandmother, but the bad weather made (make) him change his mind.
6．The vegetables didn't taste very good. They had_been_cooked (cook) too long.
7．She (had)_changed (change) her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.
8．While I was walking down the street I noticed (notice) a police car in front of the building.
9．By the time he got (get) home, the light had_gone (go) out.
10．Before I could express my thanks to him, he had_disappeared (disappear) in the rain.
Ⅱ.用适当的连词填空
1．I had just got up and was about to cook my breakfast when the telephone rang loudly, but it hung up before I could answer it.
2．It's been years since I enjoyed myself so much as last night.
3．You'd better take down all the key points while the memory is still fresh in your mind.
4．—You seem to have had that car for years.
—Yes, I should sell it while it still runs.
5．She had golden hair when she was a child, but as she got older and older, her hair went darker and darker.
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I was a ten-year-old girl, I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life”. To talk before the whole class! Just imagine how 1.________ (terrible) shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes fixed upon me. I had no other 2.________ (choose), though. First I was to draft the speech and that was just a piece of cake for me, because I was a good writer－something to pride myself in. But the hard part 3.________ (lie) in my oral presentation; to read from 4.________ paper was not allowed; I had to give the speech 5.________ my memory and in front of such a big audience! A real trial began when I stood on the platform with my legs 6.________ (tremble) and my mind blank. How much time had passed by, I didn't know. My listeners were still waiting, patiently and without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found 7.________ back, giving out my speech with difficulty. Finally I finished. After what seemed 8.________ (be) a hundred years, I found my audience applauding. I made it! From then on, my fear of talking before an audience disappeared. Actually with my confidence building9.________， I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way to success is our fear; overcome it, 10.________ we will be able to achieve our goals.
1．答案与解析：terribly　空格后为形容词shy，此处需要用副词修饰形容词。
2．答案与解析：choices　由空前的other可知，此处需用名词形式，且为复数含义，故填choices。
3．答案与解析：lay　由上下文的时态可知，此处应用一般过去时，lie“存在，在于”的过去式为lay。
4．答案与解析：the　此处表示特指意义，所以用定冠词the。
5．答案与解析：from　from my memory“根据我的记忆”。
6．答案与解析：trembling　此处为with复合结构，my legs与tremble之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式作伴随状语。
7．答案与解析：myself　此处指主语本身，所以用myself。
8．答案与解析：to be　seem to be“看来；好像”，为固定用法。
9．答案与解析：up　build up“发展；建立”，为固定短语。
10．答案与解析：and　上下句之间为并列关系，所以用and连接并列句。
课时作业(八)　Module 3　Section Ⅱ　Grammar
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Have you ever listened to the band's (乐队的) concert?
2．The problem is too complex for a child to understand.
3．His first music teacher had a strong influence on him.
4．I don't know the title but I recognize the tune (曲调)．
5．Who wrote the lyrics (歌词) and who composed the music of this song?
6．He is a lecturer (讲师) in French at Oxford.
7．She was offered the leading role in the new TV series.
8．If you mix blue and yellow, you get green.
9．Going away to college has made me much more independent.
10．We received a warm welcome from our hosts.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The room is comfortable to live.
live后加in
2．I can't stand to be kept waiting for a long time.
to_be→being
3．Where do you suggest should we go for our holiday?
去掉should或改为we_should
4．This kind of apples tastes good and is sold well.
is_sold→sells
5．Beethoven composed many piece of famous music after he became deaf.
piece→pieces
6. The way which he explained the question was quite simple.
which→that/in_which
7．That book is very difficult to be understood.
be_understood→understand
8. You're always mixing me with my twin brother.
me后加up
9. Have you made note of what you saw just now?
note前加a
10. Influencing by the teacher，he decided to take up teaching as his career.
Influencing→Influenced
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A man enters a store to buy milk. He walks out of the store with milk. That is all — milk. At the same time, a woman enters the same grocery store also to buy milk. She buys it. But, she also buys chicken and lemons to make dinner that night. Then she remembers to buy food for her son to eat at school. She also gets a bottle of wine for drinks with friends and a birthday card for her husband's niece. Then she gets coffee for breakfast, ice cream for dessert and remembers stamps to mail the bills. And don't forget soap for the bathroom.
And that is the difference between the female and male brains simply explained in a grocery store. Generally speaking, men do one thing at a time. Women do many. Doing many things at one time is often called “multi-tasking”， a very popular word these days.
Now scientific research supports this theory about male and female brains. A recent study has confirmed what we have known all along — men and women think differently.
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania studied brain pictures of 949 people aged from 8 to 22 years old. They found that male brains have more connections on one side of the brain, or the hemisphere. In female brains, they found more activities and connections between the right and left sides of the brain. The left side of the brain is known as the side of “reason”. The right hemisphere is known as the “creative” side.
Regina Verma is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. She co-wrote the report. She says when women are asked to do something difficult they might use different parts of the brain. Men, she adds, generally use just one side of the brain.
As a result, men generally deal directly with a problem. There is a strong connection between the “understanding” and the “action” parts of their brains. Women, however, might include other parts of the brain, like the part connected with reason and the part connected with sensitivity when solving a problem. Women take a less direct path to find a solution.
Dr. Verma warns that the study should not lead anyone to expect some behaviors from women and others from men.
【语篇解读】　本文为说明文。文章主要就男女做事风格的不同进行分析得知，男女大脑思维的不同导致女性具有多任务型思维，男性具有单任务型思维。
1．By describing the scene of shopping, the writer wants to ________.
A．show men's and women's preference of living expense
B．criticize(批评) women's wasted living expense
C．explain men's and women's different brains
D．think highly of women's thoughtful behavior
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段的描述，以及第二段的第一句And that is the difference between the female and male brains simply explained in a grocery store.可知这种不同源于男性和女性大脑思维的不同，故答案为C。
2．When asked to deal with a problem, ________.
A．women tend to take action straight
B．men tend to take action straight
C．women tend to use a single part of the brain
D．men tend to use connected parts of the brain
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段As a result, men generally deal directly with a problem.可知男性一般直接解决问题，故答案为B。
3．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Multi-tasking or single-tasking
B．“Reason” brain or “creative” brain
C．Costly shopping or economical shopping
D．Reason or sensitivity
答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。文章根据男女思维方式的不同，得出男女做事风格的不同。A项总结了做事风格的特点，故答案为A。
Ⅳ.完形填空
I've always taught piano lessons in my spare time. Over the years I found that children have __1__ levels of musical ability. Although I've taught some gifted students, I've also had my share of what I call “musically __2__” pupils. One such student is Robby.
Robby was 11 years old when his mother __3__ him to have his first piano lesson. I prefer that students begin at an earlier age. I __4__ it to Robby, but he said it had always been his mother's __5__ to hear him play the piano. So I took him as my student.
__6__ Robby tried very hard, he didn't have the basic sense of music. However, he __7__ and at the end of each lesson he would always say, “My mom's going to hear me play some day.” But it seemed __8__， and I was disappointed by his slow progress. Then one day Robby didn't come. He __9__ me and said his mother was sick. I was glad that he stopped coming, since he was really a bad __10__ for my teaching!
Several weeks later I was __11__ my students for the music show when Robby came and said, “Miss Handorf, I would like to __12__.” I didn't know what led me to __13__ him to do that. Maybe it was his patience or maybe it was something inside of me saying that it would be all right.
The night for the show came. It went off well. Then Robby came up on stage. I was __14__ when he announced that he had chosen one of the most difficult pieces of Mozart. I was not prepared for what I heard next. His fingers were light on the keys. They even __15__ on the keys. He played so well that everyone was __16__ excitedly.
In tears I __17__ up to stage. “Oh, Robby! How would you do it？” “Well Miss Handorf... I __18__ practicing at home. Remember I told you my mom was sick? In fact she had cancer and passed away this morning. And she was born __19__， so tonight it was the first time she had ever heard me. I wanted to make it __20__.”
【语篇解读】　本文讲述了跟我学弹钢琴的学生Robby的故事。他因为没有音乐基础，总是学不好，但他的梦想就是让他的妈妈听到他弹奏的声音，最后他弹奏出了很好听的音乐。而他的妈妈事实上是一个失聪者还患有癌症，在他表演的当天去世了。Robby认为去世的妈妈是第一次听到他弹奏的钢琴声。
1．A.high B．low
C．local D．different
答案与解析：D　考查形容词。根据下文中的“Although I've taught some gifted students, I've also had... pupils”可知，我教的学生有的很有天赋，也有的没有天赋，他们的音乐水平很不同。故选D。
2．A.delighted B．challenged
C．frightened D．shocked
答案与解析：B　考查形容词。根据上题分析可知，我教的学生音乐水平有高有低。上文已经提到了“gifted students”，此处应表示相反的含义。challenged有障碍的，符合语境。delighted愉快的；frightened害怕的；shocked震惊的。
3．A.carried B．passed
C．took D．trained
答案与解析：C　考查动词。此处表示当Robby的妈妈带他来上第一节钢琴课的时候，他十一岁。take sb. to do sth.带某人做某事，故选C。
4．A.examined B．promised
C．explained D．responded
答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据上文中的“I prefer that students begin at an earlier age”可知，我把这点跟Robby解释了一下。explain解释，符合语境。examine检查；promise许诺；respond回应。
5．A.task B．plan
C．hobby D．dream
答案与解析：D　考查名词。根据上下文语境可知，听Robby弹钢琴是他妈妈的梦想。故选D。
6．A.Although B．Because
C．Until D．Unless
答案与解析：A　考查副词。根据语境可知，此处表示转折关系，尽管Robby很努力，但他没有基本的乐感。故选A。
7．A.acted B．continued
C．commanded D．proved
答案与解析：B　考查动词。根据上下文语境可知，尽管他没有乐感，但是他不放弃继续练习。continue继续，符合语境。act行动；command命令；prove证明。
8．A.careless B．hopeless
C．breathless D．helpless
答案与解析：B　考查形容词。根据下文中的“I was disappointed by his slow progress”可知，我对他缓慢的进展感到很失望，因此他妈妈想要在某一天听他弹钢琴的梦想似乎是没有希望了。hopeless无望的，符合语境。careless粗心的；breathless气喘吁吁的；helpless无助的。
9．A.asked B．invited
C．guided D．telephoned
答案与解析：D　考查动词。根据上下文语境可知，一天Robby没来，他给我打电话告诉我他妈妈生病了。telephone打电话，符合语境。
10．A.advertisement B．treatment
C．argument D．agreement
答案与解析：A　考查名词。根据上文可知，Robby是我教学中的一个很糟糕的宣传，因为他总学不会弹钢琴。advertisement广告宣传，符合语境。treatment治疗；argument争论；agreement同意。
11．A.requesting B．searching
C．preparing D．attacking
答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据语境可知，我当时正在带着学生们准备音乐表演。故选C。
12．A.listen B．sing
C．play D．learn
答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据下文中的“Then Robby came up on stage”可知，此处表示Robby当时对我说他想要表演弹钢琴。play意为“弹拨，演奏”，在此相当于“play the piano”，故选C。
13．A.select B．allow
C．persuade D．force
答案与解析：B'考查动词。根据下文Robby参加了钢琴表演可知，此处表示我允许他参加钢琴表演。allow允许，符合语境。select挑选；persuade劝说；force强迫。
14．A.excited B．surprised
C．puzzled D．satisfied
答案与解析：B'考查形容词。根据语境可知，当他说要演奏莫扎特最难的一首曲子之一时，我是很惊讶的。surprised惊讶的，符合语境。
15．A.danced B．knocked
C．stepped D．moved
答案与解析：A'考查动词。根据下文中的“He played so well”可知，此处表示他弹奏得非常好，他的手指就好像在琴键上跳舞。dance跳舞，符合语境。
16．A.shaking B．laughing
C．waving D．clapping
答案与解析：D'考查动词。此处表示他弹得如此精彩，以至于每个人都兴奋地鼓掌。clap鼓掌，拍手，符合语境。shake摇动；laugh笑；wave挥手。
17．A.followed B．drove
C．climbed D．ran
答案与解析：D'考查动词。根据语境可知，Robby的表现出乎我的意料，我感动得满眼泪水，激动地向舞台跑去。run跑，符合语境。follow跟随；drive开车；climb攀爬。
18．A.kept on B．gave up
C．turned down D．put forward
答案与解析：A'考查动词短语。根据上下文语境可知，Robby在家里继续练习弹钢琴，所以才会在舞台上弹奏得那么好。keep on继续，符合语境。give up放弃；turn down拒绝；put forward提出。
19．A.blind B．weak
C．deaf D．strong
答案与解析：C'考查形容词。根据上文中的“she had cancer and passed away this morning”以及下文中的“tonight it was the first time she had ever heard me”可知，Robby的妈妈得了癌症，在他参加钢琴表演的当天早上去世了，他认为那天晚上是他妈妈第一次听到自己弹奏钢琴。由此可推断出，Robby的妈妈天生失聪，生前是听不到儿子弹奏钢琴的，在天堂才能听到。deaf失聪的，符合语境。blind失明的；weak虚弱的；strong强壮的。
20．A.special B．important
C．similar D．popular
答案与解析：A'考查形容词。此处表示Robby希望妈妈在天堂能听到自己弹奏钢琴，想让自己的弹奏很特别。special特别的，符合语境。important重要的；similar相似的；popular受欢迎的。
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every one of us has taken a great interest in the match 1.________ Google's artificial intelligence robot AlphaGo and the world champion Lee Sedol in the ancient Chinese board game — Go (围棋)．
AlphaGo won its five-game match which 2.________ (set) to run at a hotel in central Seoul. Virtual (虚拟) reality and robotics are two 3.________ (direct) to be explored in the future. 4.________ we can accept or reject the result, its match against a top human Go player is a landmark event!
Many Chinese fans, who 5.________ (watch) the Go game live online before, were shocked by the robot's performance and the world-leading high-tech achievements made by Western scientists, 6.________ (include) those in the United States. 7.________ (honest) speaking, China is still about 10 years behind the US in the high-tech research and development. 8.________ (fill) the gap, Chinese computer engineers need to work even 9.________ (hard). Only in this way can we catch 10.________ with them in computer technology in the near future.
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了机器人与世界围棋冠军的围棋比赛，并讲述了电脑科技的发展。
1．答案与解析：between'句意：我们每个人都对谷歌人工智能机器人AlphaGo与世界冠军李世石之间的中国围棋比赛感兴趣。between... and...“在……和……之间”，根据语境可知应填between。
2．答案与解析：was set'这是一个含有由which引导的定语从句的复合句，先行词是match。which在从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致，match与set是动宾关系，应用被动语态，又因本句时态为一般过去时，故填was set。
3．答案与解析：directions'句意：虚拟现实和机器人学是未来研究的两个方向。direction“方向”是可数名词，被two修饰，故用复数形式。
4．答案与解析：Whether'句意：无论我们接受还是拒绝这个结果，对抗一个优秀的人类围棋选手的比赛都是一件具有里程碑意义的事情。whether... or...“无论……还是……”引导让步状语从句。故填Whether。
5．答案与解析：had watched　句中“who ________ (watch) the Go game live online before”是定语从句，先行词是fans，关系代词who作主语，从句的谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致。根据时间状语before可推断，从句的动作先于主句的动作，主句用一般过去时，从句表示“过去的过去”的动作，应用过去完成时。且watch与主语之间是主谓关系，故用主动语态。
6．答案与解析：including　句意：许多中国的棋迷，以前在线观看过围棋比赛直播的，被机器人的表现和西方科学家，包括美国的那些科学家取得的世界领先的高科技成就震惊。including“包括”是介词，根据语境应填including。
7．答案与解析：Honestly　句中Honestly speaking“老实说”作状语修饰整个句子，副词honestly修饰speaking。
8．答案与解析：To fill　考查非谓语动词。句意：为了填补这个空缺，中国电脑工程师需要更加努力工作。此处用不定式作目的状语，故填To fill。
9．答案与解析：harder　根据语境与句中的even可知，此处表示比较意义，故填harder。
10．答案与解析：up　句意：只有用这种方法，我们才能在不远的未来在电脑技术方面赶上他们。catch up with“追上，赶上”是固定短语。
课件26张PPT。Section Ⅲ　Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．核心单词
①tour vt.　　巡回演出；在……旅游
②complex adj. 复杂的
③band n. 乐队
2．拓展单词
①influence vt.& n．影响→influential adj.有影响力的
②record vt.录音→recorder n．录音机
③lecturer n．(大学的)讲师→lecture n．& vt.演讲；报告
④mix vt.使混合→mixture n．混合物→mixed adj.混合的；复杂的
3．阅读单词
①album n．　　　　　　　　　　专辑
②ballad n. 民歌；民谣；(伤感的)情歌
③lyrics n. (复)歌词
④solo adj. 独奏的
⑤tune n. 曲调
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．refer_to 指；谈到；参与；查阅
2．for_the_first_time 第一次
3．mix..._with... 把……和……混合
4．split_up 分裂；分割
5．make_a_note_of 记录
6．be_famous_for 因为……而著名
7．no_way 没门儿
8．have_a_talent_for 有……天赋
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．As Beethoven grew older, he found_it_more_difficult_to_compose good music.
随着年龄的增长，贝多芬觉得谱出好的乐曲越来越难了。
2．If_so,_what do you know about them?
如果这样，你对他们了解多少？
3．If the words of a song are complex, are_they_easy_or_difficult_to_understand?
如果一首歌的歌词很复杂，那它们理解起来是容易还是困难呢？
4．Are they happy with the_way_they_listen_to_music?
他们对听音乐的方式满意吗？
“影响”词汇面面观
①influence n．& v. 影响
②affect v. 影响
③effect n. 影响；作用
④impact n. 影响；作用
盘点“大学教师职称”相关名词
①lecturer 讲师
②professor 教授
③teaching assistant 助教
④associate professor 副教授
“no＋n.”短语大全
①no way 没门儿
②no doubt 毫无疑问
③no wonder 难怪
④no problem 没问题
⑤no hurry 不用急
⑥no comment 无可奉告
“have a/an＋n.＋for”短语集锦
①have a talent for 有……的天赋
②have a gift for 有……的天赋
③have a taste for 有……的品位
④have an eye for 有……的鉴赏力
篇章理解
Choose the best answers according to the text.
1．Ye Xiaogang began to show his music talent in ________.
A．1955 B．1978
C．1959 D．1983
答案：C
2．Why is Ye Xiaogang worth such great fame?
A．He is one of a group of Chinese composers called the New Tide.
B．He combines Chinese traditional music with western forms and instrumentation.
C．He wrote an album called Eclipse which proved a great success.
D．He has won many prizes at home and abroad.
答案：B
3．After his graduation from the Central Conservatory of Music of China, he ________.
A．began to study in the US
B．began to teach while writing symphonies
C．began to set up the Beijing music group Eclipse
D．went to Hong Kong for further study
答案：B
4．From the last paragraph, we know that ________.
A．Ye Xiaogang leads a busy life
B．Ye Xiaogang has one music group in the US
C．Ye Xiaogang is one of the most famous composers in the world
D．Ye Xiaogang works for the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra
答案：A
知识点详解——重点词汇、短语
1．influence vt.影响；对……起作用n.影响；影响力；有影响的人或事物
If a band is influenced by another band，do they like them or not？(教材P26)
如果一个乐队受到了另一个乐队的影响，他们喜欢对方与否呢？
His writings have influenced the lives of millions.
他的作品影响了千百万人的一生。
归纳拓展
①have an influence on/upon 对……施加影响
under the influence of 受……的影响
influence sb. to do sth. 影响某人做某事
②influential adj. 有影响的
The influence of climate on crops is clear.
气候对农作物的影响是显而易见的。
He has a great influence on the decision.＝He is influential in reaching the decision.
他对做出这一决定有很大的影响。
即学即练 ?
1.语法填空
①A mother or father who stays away from home for a long time can have a negative influence on/upon the child.
②Under the influence of a high school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.
③His father is very influential (influence) in his hometown.
2．完成句子
I am sure your wonderful lecture will have_a_great_influence_on (对……有很大的影响) us.
2.record vt.& vi.记录；记载，录音n.记录，记载；经历，履历
Before they visited India，they had recorded seven albums.(教材P27)
到达印度之前，他们已经录了七张专辑。
I recorded the score in a notebook.
我在笔记本上记下了分数。
归纳拓展
keep a record of 记录
make/set a record 创造纪录
keep/hold a record 保持纪录
break a record 打破纪录
She holds the world record in the 100 metres.
她保持着100米世界纪录。
Keep a record of the telephone numbers of your new friends.
请将你新朋友的电话号码记下来。
即学即练 ?
用record的相关搭配完成句子
①他正在尽他的最大努力去打破世界纪录。
He is trying his best to break_the_world_record.
②昨天她刷新了跳高的世界纪录。
She set_a_new_world_record for the high jump yesterday.
漫画助记
　
He wore a hidden microphone to record conversations secretly.
他身上藏了一个麦克风，打算偷偷录下谈话内容。
3.afford vt.买得起；负担得起
I can't afford to buy a Discman.(教材P28)
我买不起影碟机。
He can afford the apartment.他能买得起这套住房。
归纳拓展
afford sth. 买得起；负担得起……
afford to do sth. 承担得起做某事
afford sb. sth. 为某人提供某物
We can't afford to go abroad this summer.
今年夏天我们没有足够的钱去国外。
[特别提醒]　afford后不接v.-ing形式作宾语，常与can, could, be able to连用，表示具备做某事的能力。
①We can't afford to wait any longer or we'll miss the chance.
我们不能再等了，否则我们将会错过这次机会。
②His son's success afforded him great pleasure.
他儿子的成功使他非常高兴。
即学即练 ?
1.单句改错
①We can't afford buy such an expensive car.afford后加to
②His parents can't afford to him the apartment.去掉to
2．完成句子
我们住不起那么昂贵的酒店。
We couldn't afford_to_live_in such an expensive hotel.
漫画助记
　
I can't afford that expensive camera I'm longing for.
我买不起那台我心心念念想要的昂贵的相机。
4.make a note of写下，记下，记笔记；记住
Read the text and make a note of any new information.(教材P29)
读这篇文章，记录下任何新的信息。
She sat quietly in the corner making notes carefully.她静静地坐在角落里仔细做笔记。
归纳拓展
take/make notes 记笔记
leave a note for... 给……留便条
compare notes 交换意见
①Please make a note of my new address.请把我的新地址记下来。
②Every week they got together and compared notes.他们每星期都碰头并交换意见。
即学即练 ?
完成句子
①请把我的新地址记下来。
Please make_a_note_of my new address.
②发现没人在家，他决定给他们留张便条。
Finding no one at home, he decided to leave_a_note_for them.
5.mix v. 融合，混合；掺入；介入
He is famous for mixing Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation.(教材P29)
他因将中国音乐传统与西方音乐形式和器乐使用融合在一起而著名。
常用结构
mix... with/and... 把……与……相结合
mix... into... 把……掺入……
mix... in (with sth.) 掺入；和入
be mixed with... 被混合在一起
mix up (with) 混淆；弄混
①Don't mix black with white.不要混淆黑白。
②You're always mixing me up with my twin sister!
你老是把我和我的孪生妹妹弄混了！
归纳拓展
mixed adj. 复杂的；混合的；形形色色的
mixture n. 混合物
即学即练 ?
语法填空
①This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture (mix) of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．
②Looking back on my senior high school days, I have a mixed (mix) feeling of happiness and sadness.
③—What should I do first?
—The instructions say that you should mix flour with/and water carefully first.
知识点详解——重点句型
1．Are they happy with the_way_they_listen_to_music？(教材P28)他们对听音乐的方式满意吗？
[句式分析]
本句the way表示“方法，方式，途径”时，后面接的定语从句可以用that或in which修饰，也可以省略。
I don't like the way (in which/that)you speak to your mother.我不喜欢你和你母亲说话的方式。
①way作“方式，方法”时，后面还可接of doing sth.或to do sth.，表示做某事的方式或手段。
②by the way 顺便问一下
all the way 一路上；自始至终
in the way 挡路；妨碍
no way 没门
in a way 在某种程度上
I'm not happy with this way of working.我不满足这种工作方式。
—I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.
我认为你应该打电话给珍妮并向她道歉。
—No way. It was her fault. 没门！这是她的错。
即学即练 ?
1.语法填空
①The way that/which my brother told me proved to be a good one.
②The way that Miss Liu teaches English is quite different from Miss Zhao's.
③The way that/which was offered by him to do the experiment was different from the way that you carried it out.
2．单句写作
我不喜欢她和我说话的方式。
I_don't_like_the_way_(that/in_which)_she_talks_to_me.
2.Ye Xiaogang, who was born in 1955, is one of a group of Chinese composers known as the New Tide.叶小刚，1955年出生，是以新潮派著称的中国作曲家群体中的一员。
[用法分析]　
(1)单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之前，称为前置定语；有时也可以后置(如left)，称为后置定语。过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在修饰词之后。
There is a lighted candle on the table.桌上有一支点燃的蜡烛。
(2)及物动词的过去分词可以表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词只能表示动作的完成，如fallen“落下的”，risen“升起的”，changed“改变的”。
①This is a used stamp.这是一枚用过的邮票。
②They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。
(3)过去分词短语作后置定语时可以扩展为定语从句。
Is this the book recommended by the teacher?
→Is this the book which was recommended by the teacher?
这是老师推荐的那本书吗？
即学即练 ?
1.语法填空
①When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. Should you come across waste paper thrown (throw) out of a passing car, pick it up.
②Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent (spend) with his students.
③To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study conducted (conduct) in Australia in 2012.
2．完成句子
在事故中受伤的男孩被送到医院了。
The boy injured_in_the_accident was sent to hospital.(injure)
[词语积累]
①at an early age 在很小的时候
②from... till... 从……到……(till可换成to)
③lecturer n．(大学的)讲师
lecture n．讲座
④from that time 从那时起
⑤leading adj.最重要的，一流的；领先的，最前的
⑥classical music 古典音乐
⑦be famous for 因为……而著名
⑧mix vt.使混合；调配
mix... with... 把……和……混合/结合起来
⑨instrumentation n．器乐谱写
⑩a member of ……的一员
?independent adj.独立的
independence n．独立
?work n．[C]著作，作品
?play with sb.此处意为“和某人一起演奏”。
?professor n．教授
Ye Xiaogang
Ye Xiaogang, who was born in 1955, is one of a group of Chinese composers known as the New Tide. 【1】 He writes symphonies and pieces for smaller groups of musicians. He also writes film music. He showed musical ability at an early age① and began studying piano when he was four years old【2】．
【1】本句为复合句，句中who was born in 1955为who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰Ye Xiaogang；后面的known as the New Tide为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a group of Chinese composers，它可以转化为定语从句that/who are known as the New Tide。
【2】此处为when引导的时间状语从句。
From 1978 till② 1983, he studied at the Central Conservatory of Music of China. After graduation, he worked there as a lecturer③.
In 1985, there was a concert of Ye Xiaogang's symphonies in Beijing. From that time④， he has been one of the leading⑤ modern composers of Chinese classical music⑥. In 1986, his album Horizon appeared and his music was played at the First Contemporary Chinese Composers' Festival in Hong Kong. He is famous for⑦ mixing⑧ Chinese musical traditions with western forms and instrumentation⑨.
Ye is a member of⑩ the Beijing music group Eclipse. Eclipse is perhaps the first independent? music group in China which plays works? by modern Chinese composers. In November 1996, the group played with? Italian musician Enrico Rava at the Beijing International Jazz Festival.
Ye Xiaogang has received many prizes, in China and in other countries. Since 1993, he has worked part of the time in Beijing and part of the time in the US.【3】 He's a professor? of music at the Central Conservatory of Music of China, and composes pieces for the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra.
【3】句中Since为介词，意为“自……以来”，其所在的句子用了现在完成时。
[课文翻译]
叶小钢
叶小钢，出生于1955年，是著名的“新潮流”中国作曲家群体中的一员。他为一些小型音乐家团体创作交响乐和(其他)曲子，他也创作电影音乐。很小的时候他就表现出了音乐才能，4岁便开始学习钢琴。
1978年到1983年期间，他在中国中央音乐学院学习。毕业后，他留校当了一名讲师。
1985年，叶小钢交响乐音乐会在北京举办。从那时起，他便成了中国古典音乐现代作曲家中的领军人物之一。1986年，他的专辑《地平线》发行了，他的音乐在香港首届中国现代作曲家音乐节上被演奏。他把中国音乐传统与西方音乐形式及器乐谱写(方式)结合在了一起，并因此而出名。
叶小钢是北京“Eclipse”音乐组合的成员。“Eclipse”音乐组合或许是中国第一个演奏中国现代作曲家作品的独立音乐团体。1996年11月，该组合在北京国际爵士音乐节上和意大利音乐家恩里克·拉瓦同台演出。
叶小钢获得了许多奖项——有国内的，也有其他国家的。自1993年以来，他一部分时间在北京工作，一部分时间在美国工作。他在中国中央音乐学院担任音乐教授，并为上海交响乐团创作乐曲。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The singer's new album (专辑) is very popular.
2．After graduation, he worked as a lecturer (讲师) in a college.
3．The band (乐队) consists of 5 young people.
4．I can't understand what he said, because it's complex (复杂的)．
5．He is often influenced (影响) by other people.
6．If a song is catchy (动人的), people remember it very easily.
7．I have recorded (录音) what my daughter said.
8．I don't know the tune (曲调) to this song.
9．Lang Lang is a solo (独奏) pianist.
10．As we know, oil and water don't mix (混合)．
Ⅱ.语法填空
1．This mobile phone is very expensive. I can't afford to_buy (buy) it.
2．Students can sometimes mix study with pleasure.
3．Thank you for offering (offer) to help, but I can manage it myself.
4．—Are you going to offer your seat to me?
—No way, man! I'm so tired.
5．To make a living, Tom tried writing (write), painting (paint) and various other things, but failed in all.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．很明显网络对我们的日常生活有着很大的影响。
It is clear that the Internet has_a_great_influence_on our everyday life.
2．我们有时能把工作和娱乐结合起来。
We can sometimes mix_work_with pleasure.
3．他上课有记笔记的好习惯。
He has a good habit of making/taking_a_note/notes_of what his teachers say in class.
4．学生们对他的演讲方式印象深刻。
The students were deeply impressed by the_way_he_made_the_speech.
Ⅳ.短文改错
One day I happened to find a chat room on QQ, where people were chatting in English. I tried to chat some of them. To my surprise, I find that the spoken English of some junior students was better than me. I asked them for advices and they told me to practice more on QQ. But every day after school I would spend one hour practice my spoken English on QQ. Day after a day I learned much useful words and expressions. As time going by, I found that I could even communicate with some college students free.
答案：
One day I happened to find a chat room on QQ, where people were chatting in English. I tried to chat  some of them. To my surprise, I fin that the spoken English of some junior students was better than m. I asked them for advice and they told me to practice more on QQ. Bu every day after school I would spend one hour practic my spoken English on QQ. Day after day I learned muc useful words and expressions. As time goin by, I found that I could even communicate with some college students fre.
课时作业(九)　Module 3　Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's up to you. Don't let me influence (影响) your decision.
2．Rock and roll bands (乐队) never sing ballads.
3．The Beatles sold more albums (专辑) than any other rock band.
4．The song is catchy (动人的), so I remembered it after I heard it.
5．If the words of a song are complex (复杂的), they are difficult to understand.
Ⅱ.用适当的连词填空
1．When I entered the office，the teacher was correcting the students' homework.
2．As he grew older, he began to go deaf.
3．I was about to go to bed when my father came in.
4．I haven't heard from him since he went to America.
5．We found the books two days after he had gone away.
6．Do not leave the room before/until you have finished the test.
7．She sang as she went along.
8．A good story-teller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity until he reaches the end of the story.
9．The teacher didn't leave until twelve o'clock.
10．As the day went on, the weather got worse.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
There are several reasons why cats climb trees, most of which have to do with defensive purposes. Cats, as predators (捕食者), like to understand their environment well. Cats climb trees to get a better view of their surroundings, to help them see potential dangers or potential prey (猎物)．
While cats are predators, they can also be easily attacked by larger animals. A tree often provides a safe hiding place. In the wild, cats climb up trees to give them a resting place that is out of predators' range. It also helps disguise their presence, which can prevent their prey from noticing that there is a cat nearby.
Sometimes some cats may climb trees for fun, or possibly to work on improving their climbing abilities. Kittens frequently test out their climbing abilities by trying to climb up everything, from bookcases to trees to a person's leg. Climbing practice is good for cats; it can improve their strength and flexibility and teach them an important defensive skill. To prevent them from practicing indoor climbing on your furniture, however, owners may wish to buy a cat tree (猫爬架) for them to climb.
If a cat has gotten up a tree and cannot get down, the owner may wonder why its remarkable climbing abilities only work in one direction. A cat's claws curve (弯曲) inward, allowing it to take hold of surfaces while going up head first. Unfortunately, this useful climbing curve does nothing to help the animal get back down again. Eventually, most trapped kittens will either jump out of the tree or realize that they can get down by going tail first. Therefore, a cat up a tree is usually nothing to worry about unless it is injured; they are intelligent animals and will find out how to get down sooner or later.
【语篇解读】　猫为什么喜欢爬树？作者从几个方面分析了原因。
1．In most cases, cats climb trees in order to ________.
A．have fun B．seek food
C．defend themselves D．please their owners
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“There are several reasons why cats climb trees, most of which have to do with defensive purposes”可知，猫爬树的主要原因是保护自己。故选C。
2．What does the underlined word “disguise” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Find out. B．Focus on.
C．Make clear. D．Cover up.
答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据后面的定语从句“which can prevent their prey from noticing that there is a cat nearby”可知，猫爬树的目的在于伪装自己的存在，以免被自己的猎物发现。故选D。
3．Why do people want to buy cat trees?
A．To train their cats in climbing.
B．To help protect their furniture.
C．To improve their cats' climbing abilities.
D．To keep their cats warm in winter.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“To prevent them from practicing indoor climbing on your furniture, however, owners may wish to buy a cat tree (猫爬架) for them to climb”可知，主人为了保护自己的家具不被猫爬来爬去，而去买cat tree让猫爬着玩。故选B。
4．Seeing your cat up a tree, you are supposed to ________.
A．just take it easy
B．lead it down slowly
C．feed some food to it at once
D．keep an eye on it all the time
答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述可知，看到猫在树上，不必担心，它总会想到办法下来的。故选A。
Ⅳ.完形填空
After work one day, I grabbed a pizza for dinner at the mall. As I was heading home, I saw a girl sitting in a corner of the mall. Her hair covered her face and her body was __1__. I determined to walk past her __2__ that's what we often do. But something made me turn __3__. I learned about her age, and why she begged for money and lived on the streets. Her parents __4__ years ago and she suffered from a serious skin disease. She was __5__ to work because of her disability and had to live in the safest place she could __6__. She had stayed in shelters in the past, but was treated __7__. She had to seek shelter from the mall to keep __8__ on cold days, but even the mall she said wasn't __9__ because the security guard always threw her out.
I'm one of those people who used to believe there was a system of __10__ to help her. Ideally, I would like to believe in that. I used to think maybe one day I would __11__ “them”. Maybe one day I would win the lottery. But when I __12__ that girl, I thought to myself, what if no one ever helped her? What if this so called __13__ system that I believed in didn't even know or __14__ her existence? What if I didn't __15__ any money? What if she was not going to be around long enough to __16__ that “one day”？
I didn't really think about what happened next. I __17__ my dinner with her and gave her all the money I had. When security guards came, I talked them into assisting her __18__ driving her away like they usually did.
Don't __19__ one day to come before you help someone. Now is that one day — not tomorrow, not next week. If you can do something to ease someone else's __20__， don't wait for that distant one day. Be the one day. Be it now.
【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文，是生活哲理类文章。本文作者通过自己的亲身经历，说明了这样一个道理：如果你可以做一些事情来减轻别人的苦难，马上去做，而不要等到遥远的未来的某一天再去做。
1．A.hot B．heavy
C．weak D．wet
答案与解析：C　考查形容词。由and she suffered from a serious skin disease可知她的身体非常虚弱。
2．A.if B．when
C．till D．because
答案与解析：D　考查连词。我决定从她身边走过，因为我们经常那样做。if如果；when当……时候；till直到；because因为。
3．A.over B．back
C．away D．up
答案与解析：B　考查固定短语。由下文可知作者返回去了。turn back往回走，是固定短语。
4．A.returned B．removed
C．quarreled D．died
答案与解析：D　考查动词。由She had to seek shelter from the mall to keep __8__ on cold days...可知这个女孩居无定所，所以判断出她的父母应该是去世了。
5．A.eager B．ready
C．unable D．curious
答案与解析：C　考查形容词。由because of her disability可知她不能去工作。eager渴望的；ready准备好；unable不能；curious好奇的。
6．A.build B．discover
C．expect D．remember
答案与解析：B　考查动词。她不得不住在她所能发现的最安全的地方。
7．A.terribly B．normally
C．carefully D．patiently
答案与解析：A　考查副词。由She had to seek shelter from the mall to keep __8__ on cold days可推断出她在避难所被虐待。
8．A.calm B．wealthy
C．warm D．secret
答案与解析：C　考查形容词。由on cold days可知她在商场寻找暖和的地方。
9．A.quiet B．special
C．particular D．safe
答案与解析：D　由because the security guard always threw her out可知即使是商场对于她来说，也是不安全的。quiet安静的；special特殊的；particular特别的；safe安全的。
10．A.control B．support
C．decoration D．communication
答案与解析：B　考查名词。control控制；support供养；decoration装饰；communication交流，根据语境可知选B。
11．A.respect B．watch
C．help D．encourage
答案与解析：C　考查动词。由what if no one ever helped her？可知我过去常常认为可能有一天，我会帮助她。
12．A.accepted B．introduced
C．persuaded D．noticed
答案与解析：D　考查动词。但是当我注意到那个女孩，我想，假使没有人帮助她将会怎么样。
13．A.foolish B．perfect
C．simple D．educational
答案与解析：B　考查形容词。许多人想象中的救助系统很完美。foolish愚蠢的；perfect完美的；simple简单的；educational教育的。
14．A.care about B．talk about
C．write about D．argue about
答案与解析：A　考查动词短语。这个救助系统不知道或是不关心她的存在。care about关心。
15．A.lose B．lend
C．win D．waste
答案与解析：C　考查动词。由Maybe one day I would win the lottery，可知此处指假使我没有赢得一些钱将会怎么样。
16．A.admit B．imagine
C．choose D．see
答案与解析：D　考查动词。假使她看不到那天怎么办。
17．A.cooked B．shared
C．ordered D．prepared
答案与解析：B　考查动词。我和她分享了我的晚餐，并且把我身上的钱都给了她。
18．A.along with B．as for
C．except for D．instead of
答案与解析：D　考查固定短语。当保安过去的时候，我告诉他们要帮助她，而不是像往常一样驱赶她。
19．A.worry about B．laugh at
C．wait for D．begin with
答案与解析：C　考查固定短语。由Now is that one day — not tomorrow, not next week.可知不要等待那一天的到来。
20．A.sickness B．suffering
C．nervousness D．loneliness
答案与解析：B　考查名词。如果你可以做一些事情来减轻别人的苦难，那么不要等到遥远的未来的某一天再去做。sickness疾病；suffering苦难；nervousness紧张；loneliness孤独。
Ⅴ.短文改错
I just come back from Britain last week. I was luckily enough to be one of the student from different countries to visit the UK from Feb. 16 to 28. We paid a visit to many places, like London, Oxford or the Lake District. I learned much about British culture and history in London, where are my favorite. I also like Oxford, in which I saw much old buildings. The Lake District is beautiful, but it was pity that it rained heavily when they were there. The most excited thing for me in the Britain was that I made a lot of friends there.
答案：
I just  back from Britain last week. I was  enough to be one of the  from different countries to visit the UK from Feb. 16 to 28. We paid a visit to many places, like London, Oxford  the Lake District. I learned much about British culture and history in London,  are my favorite. I also like Oxford, in which I saw  old buildings. The Lake District is beautiful, but it was  pity that it rained heavily when  were there. The most  thing for me in Britain was that I made a lot of friends there.
①答案与解析：come→came　根据时间状语“last week”可知，句子应用一般过去时。故将come改为came。
②答案与解析：luckily→lucky　系动词was后面跟形容词lucky作表语。故将luckily改为lucky。
③答案与解析：student→students　one of the后面跟可数名词的复数形式，表示“……之一”。故将students改为students。
④答案与解析：or→and　此处列举了作者去的几个地方，表并列。故将or改为and。
⑤答案与解析：where→which　此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是British culture and history，关系词在从句中作主语。故将where改为which。
⑥答案与解析：much→many　后面的“old buildings”是可数名词的复数形式。故将much改为many。
⑦答案与解析：pity前加a　it is a pity that...是固定句式，指“真遗憾……”，冠词a不可省。
⑧答案与解析：they→we　文章在讲述“我们”的伦敦之旅。故将they改为we。
⑨答案与解析：excited→exciting　修饰事物应该用-ing结尾的形容词，此处指“令人兴奋的事情”。故将excited改为exciting。
⑩答案与解析：删去in后的the　表示国家的名词前不需要用冠词the。故删去in后的the。
课件51张PPT。Section Ⅳ　Writing — 人物介绍类文章
[写作任务]
你校英文报新开设的Popular Musicians栏目正面向全校学生征稿。请你根据所给提示，用英语写一篇介绍著名音乐家弗里德里克·肖邦(Frédéric Francois Chopin)的短文。
生卒年份
1810～1849
生平简介
★6岁学习音乐，7岁作曲，8岁公开演出，26岁已是颇有名气的作曲家；
★21岁移居巴黎，以作曲和教学为生。
成就及评价
一生创作了约二百部作品，被誉为“钢琴诗人”。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
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常用表达
He/She was born in/on... and was brought up by...
He/She showed his/her talent in...
When he/she was... years old, he/she became interested in...
At the age of..., he/she went to... all by himself/herself.
After graduation, he/she decided to...
He/She devoted all his/her life to...
He/She is regarded as...
As a great..., he/she will be remembered by us forever.
[写作指导]
一、审题定调
本写作要求介绍著名音乐家弗里德里克·肖邦，属于记叙文的写作范畴。其关键之处在于突出其主要经历和成就，介绍其生平事迹时一般用第三人称，时态以一般过去时为主。
二、谋篇布局
此类文章一般采用“总—分—总”模式，对肖邦的主要经历和成就进行介绍，使读者对其有一个较为清晰和全面的了解。
针对本篇写作任务，我们可以列出以下提纲：
第一部分：总体介绍(包括其身份及生卒年份等)；
第二部分：介绍肖邦的主要经历；
第三部分：总结全文(说明肖邦的成就以及人们对他的评价)。
三、组织语言
第一部分：总体介绍(包括其身份及生卒年份等)。
普通表达
高级表达
★... was born on/in... and died on/in...
★..., one of the most famous/greatest/... musicians in..., lived from... to...
★..., who was born on/in... and died on/in..., was a distinguished (著名的)/ outstanding musician/one of the greatest...
★Born on/in...，... is recognized as one of the masters of...
第二部分：介绍肖邦的主要经历。
普通表达
高级表达
★Chopin learned music when he was six. He started composing music at seven, and he began giving public concerts at eight.
★By the time he was 20, Chopin had become a well-known composer.
★Chopin moved to Paris at 21 and earned a living there as a composer and teacher.
★Chopin's talent for music showed at an early age. He learned music at six, composed music at seven, and even gave public concerts at eight.
★The young musician rose to fame as a composer at the age of 20.
★The following year Chopin moved to Paris, where he spent the rest of his life, earning a living as a composer and teacher.
第三部分：总结全文(说明肖邦的成就以及人们对他的评价)。
普通表达
高级表达
In his life, Chopin composed about 200 pieces of music, and has been called “the poet of the piano”．
Chopin, who has been called “the poet of the piano”， composed about 200 pieces of music or so throughout his life.
【范文展示】
普通范文
Frédéric Francois Chopin, a great composer, was born in 1810 and died in 1849.
Chopin learned music when he was six. He started composing music at seven, and he began giving public concerts at eight. By the time he was 20, Chopin had become a well-known composer. Chopin moved to Paris at 21 and earned a living there as a composer and teacher.
In his life, Chopin composed about 200 pieces of music, and has been called “the poet of the piano”．
高级范文
Frédéric Francois Chopin, who was born in 1810 and died in 1849, was one of the greatest composers of his time.
Chopin's talent for music showed at an early age. He learned music at six, composed music at seven, and even gave public concerts at eight. The young musician rose to fame as a composer at the age of 20. The following year Chopin moved to Paris, where he spent the rest of his life, earning a living as a composer and teacher.
Chopin, who has been called “the poet of the piano”， composed about 200 pieces of music or so throughout his life.
实战演练
你校学生会准备办一期主题为Great Musicians的英语墙报。请你根据所给提示，用英语写一篇短文介绍中国著名音乐家冼星海。内容主要包括：
主要经历及贡献
★1905年出生于澳门一个贫苦家庭；
★1928年在上海国立音乐专科学校 (Shanghai National Music Conservatory) 学习小提琴和钢琴；
★1931年，考入了巴黎音乐学院 (the Paris Conservatory)。留法期间，创作了许多优秀作品；
★1935年回国后，在中日战争 (the Sino-Japanese War) 期间写了许多鼓励人们战斗的歌曲，如著名的《黄河大合唱》(Yellow River Cantata)；
★1945年，在莫斯科 (Moscow) 因病去世。
评价
因对中国音乐的贡献获得了“人民音乐家 (People's Composer)”的称号。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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One possible version：
Xian Xinghai, a great Chinese composer, was born into a poor family in Macao in 1905.
When he was young, he showed great musical talent. In 1928 Xian entered Shanghai National Music Conservatory to study violin and piano. In 1931 he was admitted to the Paris Conservatory. Druing this period he composed many excellent works. Xian returned to China in 1935. During the Sino-Japanese War he wrote works to encourage Chinese people to fight, including the famous song Yellow River Cantata. Unfortunately, he died from an illness in Moscow in 1945.
Xian Xinghai's contributions to Chinese music won him the title “People's Composer”．
课件14张PPT。课时作业(七)　Module 3　Section ⅠIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The players were all in position，waiting for the conductor to direct them.
2．Einstein was probably the greatest mathematical genius (天才) of all time.
3．At the singing competition，our school choir (合唱队) sang the song of“The Yellow River Cantata (黄河大合唱)”．
4．Do you prefer classical music written by Mozart and Beethoven，or pop?
5. Jane has shown a great talent in painting；she is sure to become an artist in the future.
6. The group is made up of local musicians (音乐家) who have been performing together for several years.
7．The TV play of My Ugly Mother enjoyed a larger audience (观众)．
8．A peasant (农民) is a farmer who owns or rents a small piece of land and works on the land.
9. The Twelve Girls band is making a two-week tour (巡回演出) in the major cities in south China.
10. I'd like a book about Chinese classical (古典的) poetry.
Ⅱ.选词填空
known as； change... into...； more than； by the time； as well as...； be impressed with； talent； lose； compose； tour
1．Known_as the greatest composer of all the time，the musician composed more than 500 pieces of music.
2．I'd like to change these pounds into dollars.
3．By_the_time he came back，we had finished the job.
4．Having_lost his dictionary，he had to buy a new one.
5．They've decided to make a tour round the world.
6．All of us were_impressed_with her diligence.
7．We are more_than pleased to help you with the matter.
8．The teacher as_well_as all the students is going to the concert.
9．He is a good musician，but not a talent one.
10．The medical team is composed of six doctors and ten nurses.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Roommate Needed!
3-bedroom Oxford apartment from January 1.
Large living room and garden for smokers.
1-min walk to supermarket, 10-min walk from
university, 15-min walk to city centre.
Rent(租金): ￡550 a month.
Are you quiet, clean and easy-going?
Then it's certainly the place for you!
Phone 7344 5967 533
To Rent
Large furnished (配备家具的) double room
Shared house in Victoria Street with 3 other
students, 18-22.
3 bathrooms, kitchen, near town centre.
No smokers, please.
￡350 per month.
Minimum(最低限度) of 6 months.
Call Emily on 0771 8551 334
Room for Rent in Shurley
Single room to rent in large 4-bedroom house.
Furnished with single bed, large desk, 2 chairs，
drawers, shelves and TV.
Big kitchen and nice living room. Very friendly，
easy-going housemates (all college students)．
Available (可利用的) from 28th June to end of
August.
￡80 a week.
Call David on 0770 9885 301
New Modern Apartment to Rent near Colney
Hatch Lane
10 minutes by bike from the city centre and only
five minutes away from supermarket.
Lovely, large room with new furniture.
Bathroom with shower and bath.
Share with 2 other college students.
￡80 per week.
Ready to move in from the beginning of August?
Prepared to stay for a year at least?
Call 0897 2670 428
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章是四则房屋出租广告。
1．How much should you pay for half a year if you are prepared to rent Emily's house?
A．￡350. B．￡700.
C．￡1,050. D．￡2,100.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由第二则广告中的信息￡350 per month. Minimum of 6 months. Call Emily可知，Emily提供的房源，半年的房租为2 100英镑。
2．Which place is good for somebody who needs a room only for the summer?
A．The house in Victoria Street.
B．The 4-bedroom house in Shurley.
C．The 3-bedroom Oxford apartment.
D．The modem apartment near Colney Hatch Lane.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由第三则广告中的信息Room for Rent in Shurley... Available from 28th June to end of August可知，位于Shurley的这套四室的房子只在夏季出租。
3．If you want to rent a room near Colney Hatch Lane, which number should you call?
A．7344 5967 533. B．0771 8551 334.
C．0897 2670 428. D．0770 9885 301.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由最后一则广告中的信息New Modern Apartment to Rent near Colney Hatch Lane... Call 0897 2670 428可知答案。
B
Kids in primary schools in Bellaire, Ohio, have something to sing about. For the past eight years, public primary schools, in that town didn't offer music classes. They didn't have the money to pay for them. But the school district got some support to bring back music this school year.
Many school officials across the country say music classes get students excited about going to school. And studies have shown that music classes may boost brainpower. For example, researchers from the University of Southern California recently released (发布) the results of a five-year study. They found that the brains of 10-and 11-year-olds who learned to play a musical instrument developed faster than the brains of kids who didn't.
Though most people aren't against teaching music in schools, not everyone says it's necessary.
Many school officials argue (争论) that learning music means less time spent on math, writing, and science, all of which may be more useful to students later in life.
Here's what two of our readers think.
Music should be taught in school for the simple reason that it makes learning more fun. We have music classes at my school, and I love them!
Taking music lessons can also build character (品质). In 2015, a research company called Grunwald Associates did a survey on music education. More than 60 percent of parents whose kids took music classes in school said their child became more focused.
——Noah Falcon, New Jersey
At my school, we don't have music classes. I think that's OK because it gives us more time to focus on main subjects, like reading and math. It's more important to learn these subjects than it is to learn how to play an instrument or sing.
If someone wanted to take music lessons, he or she could do it outside of school. I took a mariachi (墨西哥街头乐队音乐) class after school, so it didn't take time away from my other classes.
——Sophia Salazar, California
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章探讨了儿童是否应该在学校上音乐课。
4．What change has happened in primary schools in Bellaire this year?
A．Music classes are offered.
B．The school year is shortened.
C．Singing is allowed in schools.
D．Kids can get prizes if they learn music.
答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第一段中的For the past eight years, public primary schools in that town didn't offer music classes和But the school district got some support to bring back music this school year的对比可知，该地区的小学今年开设了音乐课。
5．What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Create. B．Prevent.
C．Increase. D．Discover.
答案与解析：C　词义猜测题。由第二段中介绍的研究结果the brains of 10-and 11-year-olds who learned to play a musical instrument developed faster than the brains of kids who didn't可知，音乐课可以促进脑力的开发。
6．What does Noah Falcon think of music education?
A．It is unnecessary.
B．It is very important.
C．It is a waste of money.
D．It is easy to continue.
答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由Noah Falcon表达的观点it makes learning more fun和Taking music lessons can also build character可知，他认为音乐教育很重要。
7．What can we learn about Sophia Salazar?
A．She didn't like music at all.
B．Music brings her more fun.
C．Music helps her keep focused.
D．She took a music class after school.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。由Sophia Salazar自述的I took a mariachi class after school可知答案。
Ⅳ.七选五
Plants are very important living things. Life could not go if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. __1__ Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. So animals and man need plants in order to live. __2__
If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.
__3__ The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. __4__ An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.
__5__ They grow from spores (孢子). Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air. We may say that spores are quite the same as the seeds. When these spores fall on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.
A．There are about half a million kinds of plants in the world.
B．Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight.
C．But a few fruits have no seeds at all.
D．Not all the plants grow from the seeds.
E．This is why we find that there are so many plants around
us.
F．Flowering plants can make seeds.
G．Most non-flowering plants don't grow from seeds.
【语篇解读】　本文为说明文，是植物类文章。文章主要讲的是植物的重要性。
1．答案与解析：B　根据前句提到植物的重要性，它可以制造食物，再根据后句提到动物和人类，所以此处应该选B，通过对比体现植物的重要性。
2．答案与解析：E　前句说动物和人类需要植物才能生存，后句让仔细观察周围的植物，所以此处表示这就是为什么我们身边有如此多的植物。
3．答案与解析：F　根据上文，文章提到有两种植物flowering plants and non-flowering plants，下面先介绍开花的，再根据后句种子是被果实保护的，可知F项符合语境。
4．答案与解析：C　根据前句有些有很多种子，后句举例没有种子的水果是香蕉，可知此处表示有些没有种子的水果。
5．答案与解析：G　根据前面的内容可知介绍完了开花植物，再介绍不开花植物。再根据后句They grow from spores.，他们是由孢子长成的，所以大部分无花植物都不是由种子长成的。
课时作业(八)　Module 3　Section Ⅱ　Grammar
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Have you ever listened to the band's (乐队的) concert?
2．The problem is too complex for a child to understand.
3．His first music teacher had a strong influence on him.
4．I don't know the title but I recognize the tune (曲调)．
5．Who wrote the lyrics (歌词) and who composed the music of this song?
6．He is a lecturer (讲师) in French at Oxford.
7．She was offered the leading role in the new TV series.
8．If you mix blue and yellow, you get green.
9．Going away to college has made me much more independent.
10．We received a warm welcome from our hosts.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The room is comfortable to live.
live后加in
2．I can't stand to be kept waiting for a long time.
to_be→being
3．Where do you suggest should we go for our holiday?
去掉should或改为we_should
4．This kind of apples tastes good and is sold well.
is_sold→sells
5．Beethoven composed many piece of famous music after he became deaf.
piece→pieces
6. The way which he explained the question was quite simple.
which→that/in_which
7．That book is very difficult to be understood.
be_understood→understand
8. You're always mixing me with my twin brother.
me后加up
9. Have you made note of what you saw just now?
note前加a
10. Influencing by the teacher，he decided to take up teaching as his career.
Influencing→Influenced
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A man enters a store to buy milk. He walks out of the store with milk. That is all — milk. At the same time, a woman enters the same grocery store also to buy milk. She buys it. But, she also buys chicken and lemons to make dinner that night. Then she remembers to buy food for her son to eat at school. She also gets a bottle of wine for drinks with friends and a birthday card for her husband's niece. Then she gets coffee for breakfast, ice cream for dessert and remembers stamps to mail the bills. And don't forget soap for the bathroom.
And that is the difference between the female and male brains simply explained in a grocery store. Generally speaking, men do one thing at a time. Women do many. Doing many things at one time is often called “multi-tasking”， a very popular word these days.
Now scientific research supports this theory about male and female brains. A recent study has confirmed what we have known all along — men and women think differently.
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania studied brain pictures of 949 people aged from 8 to 22 years old. They found that male brains have more connections on one side of the brain, or the hemisphere. In female brains, they found more activities and connections between the right and left sides of the brain. The left side of the brain is known as the side of “reason”. The right hemisphere is known as the “creative” side.
Regina Verma is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. She co-wrote the report. She says when women are asked to do something difficult they might use different parts of the brain. Men, she adds, generally use just one side of the brain.
As a result, men generally deal directly with a problem. There is a strong connection between the “understanding” and the “action” parts of their brains. Women, however, might include other parts of the brain, like the part connected with reason and the part connected with sensitivity when solving a problem. Women take a less direct path to find a solution.
Dr. Verma warns that the study should not lead anyone to expect some behaviors from women and others from men.
【语篇解读】　本文为说明文。文章主要就男女做事风格的不同进行分析得知，男女大脑思维的不同导致女性具有多任务型思维，男性具有单任务型思维。
1．By describing the scene of shopping, the writer wants to ________.
A．show men's and women's preference of living expense
B．criticize(批评) women's wasted living expense
C．explain men's and women's different brains
D．think highly of women's thoughtful behavior
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段的描述，以及第二段的第一句And that is the difference between the female and male brains simply explained in a grocery store.可知这种不同源于男性和女性大脑思维的不同，故答案为C。
2．When asked to deal with a problem, ________.
A．women tend to take action straight
B．men tend to take action straight
C．women tend to use a single part of the brain
D．men tend to use connected parts of the brain
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段As a result, men generally deal directly with a problem.可知男性一般直接解决问题，故答案为B。
3．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Multi-tasking or single-tasking
B．“Reason” brain or “creative” brain
C．Costly shopping or economical shopping
D．Reason or sensitivity
答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。文章根据男女思维方式的不同，得出男女做事风格的不同。A项总结了做事风格的特点，故答案为A。
Ⅳ.完形填空
I've always taught piano lessons in my spare time. Over the years I found that children have __1__ levels of musical ability. Although I've taught some gifted students, I've also had my share of what I call “musically __2__” pupils. One such student is Robby.
Robby was 11 years old when his mother __3__ him to have his first piano lesson. I prefer that students begin at an earlier age. I __4__ it to Robby, but he said it had always been his mother's __5__ to hear him play the piano. So I took him as my student.
__6__ Robby tried very hard, he didn't have the basic sense of music. However, he __7__ and at the end of each lesson he would always say, “My mom's going to hear me play some day.” But it seemed __8__， and I was disappointed by his slow progress. Then one day Robby didn't come. He __9__ me and said his mother was sick. I was glad that he stopped coming, since he was really a bad __10__ for my teaching!
Several weeks later I was __11__ my students for the music show when Robby came and said, “Miss Handorf, I would like to __12__.” I didn't know what led me to __13__ him to do that. Maybe it was his patience or maybe it was something inside of me saying that it would be all right.
The night for the show came. It went off well. Then Robby came up on stage. I was __14__ when he announced that he had chosen one of the most difficult pieces of Mozart. I was not prepared for what I heard next. His fingers were light on the keys. They even __15__ on the keys. He played so well that everyone was __16__ excitedly.
In tears I __17__ up to stage. “Oh, Robby! How would you do it？” “Well Miss Handorf... I __18__ practicing at home. Remember I told you my mom was sick? In fact she had cancer and passed away this morning. And she was born __19__， so tonight it was the first time she had ever heard me. I wanted to make it __20__.”
【语篇解读】　本文讲述了跟我学弹钢琴的学生Robby的故事。他因为没有音乐基础，总是学不好，但他的梦想就是让他的妈妈听到他弹奏的声音，最后他弹奏出了很好听的音乐。而他的妈妈事实上是一个失聪者还患有癌症，在他表演的当天去世了。Robby认为去世的妈妈是第一次听到他弹奏的钢琴声。
1．A.high B．low
C．local D．different
答案与解析：D　考查形容词。根据下文中的“Although I've taught some gifted students, I've also had... pupils”可知，我教的学生有的很有天赋，也有的没有天赋，他们的音乐水平很不同。故选D。
2．A.delighted B．challenged
C．frightened D．shocked
答案与解析：B　考查形容词。根据上题分析可知，我教的学生音乐水平有高有低。上文已经提到了“gifted students”，此处应表示相反的含义。challenged有障碍的，符合语境。delighted愉快的；frightened害怕的；shocked震惊的。
3．A.carried B．passed
C．took D．trained
答案与解析：C　考查动词。此处表示当Robby的妈妈带他来上第一节钢琴课的时候，他十一岁。take sb. to do sth.带某人做某事，故选C。
4．A.examined B．promised
C．explained D．responded
答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据上文中的“I prefer that students begin at an earlier age”可知，我把这点跟Robby解释了一下。explain解释，符合语境。examine检查；promise许诺；respond回应。
5．A.task B．plan
C．hobby D．dream
答案与解析：D　考查名词。根据上下文语境可知，听Robby弹钢琴是他妈妈的梦想。故选D。
6．A.Although B．Because
C．Until D．Unless
答案与解析：A　考查副词。根据语境可知，此处表示转折关系，尽管Robby很努力，但他没有基本的乐感。故选A。
7．A.acted B．continued
C．commanded D．proved
答案与解析：B　考查动词。根据上下文语境可知，尽管他没有乐感，但是他不放弃继续练习。continue继续，符合语境。act行动；command命令；prove证明。
8．A.careless B．hopeless
C．breathless D．helpless
答案与解析：B　考查形容词。根据下文中的“I was disappointed by his slow progress”可知，我对他缓慢的进展感到很失望，因此他妈妈想要在某一天听他弹钢琴的梦想似乎是没有希望了。hopeless无望的，符合语境。careless粗心的；breathless气喘吁吁的；helpless无助的。
9．A.asked B．invited
C．guided D．telephoned
答案与解析：D　考查动词。根据上下文语境可知，一天Robby没来，他给我打电话告诉我他妈妈生病了。telephone打电话，符合语境。
10．A.advertisement B．treatment
C．argument D．agreement
答案与解析：A　考查名词。根据上文可知，Robby是我教学中的一个很糟糕的宣传，因为他总学不会弹钢琴。advertisement广告宣传，符合语境。treatment治疗；argument争论；agreement同意。
11．A.requesting B．searching
C．preparing D．attacking
答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据语境可知，我当时正在带着学生们准备音乐表演。故选C。
12．A.listen B．sing
C．play D．learn
答案与解析：C　考查动词。根据下文中的“Then Robby came up on stage”可知，此处表示Robby当时对我说他想要表演弹钢琴。play意为“弹拨，演奏”，在此相当于“play the piano”，故选C。
13．A.select B．allow
C．persuade D．force
答案与解析：B'考查动词。根据下文Robby参加了钢琴表演可知，此处表示我允许他参加钢琴表演。allow允许，符合语境。select挑选；persuade劝说；force强迫。
14．A.excited B．surprised
C．puzzled D．satisfied
答案与解析：B'考查形容词。根据语境可知，当他说要演奏莫扎特最难的一首曲子之一时，我是很惊讶的。surprised惊讶的，符合语境。
15．A.danced B．knocked
C．stepped D．moved
答案与解析：A'考查动词。根据下文中的“He played so well”可知，此处表示他弹奏得非常好，他的手指就好像在琴键上跳舞。dance跳舞，符合语境。
16．A.shaking B．laughing
C．waving D．clapping
答案与解析：D'考查动词。此处表示他弹得如此精彩，以至于每个人都兴奋地鼓掌。clap鼓掌，拍手，符合语境。shake摇动；laugh笑；wave挥手。
17．A.followed B．drove
C．climbed D．ran
答案与解析：D'考查动词。根据语境可知，Robby的表现出乎我的意料，我感动得满眼泪水，激动地向舞台跑去。run跑，符合语境。follow跟随；drive开车；climb攀爬。
18．A.kept on B．gave up
C．turned down D．put forward
答案与解析：A'考查动词短语。根据上下文语境可知，Robby在家里继续练习弹钢琴，所以才会在舞台上弹奏得那么好。keep on继续，符合语境。give up放弃；turn down拒绝；put forward提出。
19．A.blind B．weak
C．deaf D．strong
答案与解析：C'考查形容词。根据上文中的“she had cancer and passed away this morning”以及下文中的“tonight it was the first time she had ever heard me”可知，Robby的妈妈得了癌症，在他参加钢琴表演的当天早上去世了，他认为那天晚上是他妈妈第一次听到自己弹奏钢琴。由此可推断出，Robby的妈妈天生失聪，生前是听不到儿子弹奏钢琴的，在天堂才能听到。deaf失聪的，符合语境。blind失明的；weak虚弱的；strong强壮的。
20．A.special B．important
C．similar D．popular
答案与解析：A'考查形容词。此处表示Robby希望妈妈在天堂能听到自己弹奏钢琴，想让自己的弹奏很特别。special特别的，符合语境。important重要的；similar相似的；popular受欢迎的。
Ⅴ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every one of us has taken a great interest in the match 1.________ Google's artificial intelligence robot AlphaGo and the world champion Lee Sedol in the ancient Chinese board game — Go (围棋)．
AlphaGo won its five-game match which 2.________ (set) to run at a hotel in central Seoul. Virtual (虚拟) reality and robotics are two 3.________ (direct) to be explored in the future. 4.________ we can accept or reject the result, its match against a top human Go player is a landmark event!
Many Chinese fans, who 5.________ (watch) the Go game live online before, were shocked by the robot's performance and the world-leading high-tech achievements made by Western scientists, 6.________ (include) those in the United States. 7.________ (honest) speaking, China is still about 10 years behind the US in the high-tech research and development. 8.________ (fill) the gap, Chinese computer engineers need to work even 9.________ (hard). Only in this way can we catch 10.________ with them in computer technology in the near future.
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了机器人与世界围棋冠军的围棋比赛，并讲述了电脑科技的发展。
1．答案与解析：between'句意：我们每个人都对谷歌人工智能机器人AlphaGo与世界冠军李世石之间的中国围棋比赛感兴趣。between... and...“在……和……之间”，根据语境可知应填between。
2．答案与解析：was set'这是一个含有由which引导的定语从句的复合句，先行词是match。which在从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致，match与set是动宾关系，应用被动语态，又因本句时态为一般过去时，故填was set。
3．答案与解析：directions'句意：虚拟现实和机器人学是未来研究的两个方向。direction“方向”是可数名词，被two修饰，故用复数形式。
4．答案与解析：Whether'句意：无论我们接受还是拒绝这个结果，对抗一个优秀的人类围棋选手的比赛都是一件具有里程碑意义的事情。whether... or...“无论……还是……”引导让步状语从句。故填Whether。
5．答案与解析：had watched　句中“who ________ (watch) the Go game live online before”是定语从句，先行词是fans，关系代词who作主语，从句的谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致。根据时间状语before可推断，从句的动作先于主句的动作，主句用一般过去时，从句表示“过去的过去”的动作，应用过去完成时。且watch与主语之间是主谓关系，故用主动语态。
6．答案与解析：including　句意：许多中国的棋迷，以前在线观看过围棋比赛直播的，被机器人的表现和西方科学家，包括美国的那些科学家取得的世界领先的高科技成就震惊。including“包括”是介词，根据语境应填including。
7．答案与解析：Honestly　句中Honestly speaking“老实说”作状语修饰整个句子，副词honestly修饰speaking。
8．答案与解析：To fill　考查非谓语动词。句意：为了填补这个空缺，中国电脑工程师需要更加努力工作。此处用不定式作目的状语，故填To fill。
9．答案与解析：harder　根据语境与句中的even可知，此处表示比较意义，故填harder。
10．答案与解析：up　句意：只有用这种方法，我们才能在不远的未来在电脑技术方面赶上他们。catch up with“追上，赶上”是固定短语。
课时作业(九)　Module 3　Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It's up to you. Don't let me influence (影响) your decision.
2．Rock and roll bands (乐队) never sing ballads.
3．The Beatles sold more albums (专辑) than any other rock band.
4．The song is catchy (动人的), so I remembered it after I heard it.
5．If the words of a song are complex (复杂的), they are difficult to understand.
Ⅱ.用适当的连词填空
1．When I entered the office，the teacher was correcting the students' homework.
2．As he grew older, he began to go deaf.
3．I was about to go to bed when my father came in.
4．I haven't heard from him since he went to America.
5．We found the books two days after he had gone away.
6．Do not leave the room before/until you have finished the test.
7．She sang as she went along.
8．A good story-teller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity until he reaches the end of the story.
9．The teacher didn't leave until twelve o'clock.
10．As the day went on, the weather got worse.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
There are several reasons why cats climb trees, most of which have to do with defensive purposes. Cats, as predators (捕食者), like to understand their environment well. Cats climb trees to get a better view of their surroundings, to help them see potential dangers or potential prey (猎物)．
While cats are predators, they can also be easily attacked by larger animals. A tree often provides a safe hiding place. In the wild, cats climb up trees to give them a resting place that is out of predators' range. It also helps disguise their presence, which can prevent their prey from noticing that there is a cat nearby.
Sometimes some cats may climb trees for fun, or possibly to work on improving their climbing abilities. Kittens frequently test out their climbing abilities by trying to climb up everything, from bookcases to trees to a person's leg. Climbing practice is good for cats; it can improve their strength and flexibility and teach them an important defensive skill. To prevent them from practicing indoor climbing on your furniture, however, owners may wish to buy a cat tree (猫爬架) for them to climb.
If a cat has gotten up a tree and cannot get down, the owner may wonder why its remarkable climbing abilities only work in one direction. A cat's claws curve (弯曲) inward, allowing it to take hold of surfaces while going up head first. Unfortunately, this useful climbing curve does nothing to help the animal get back down again. Eventually, most trapped kittens will either jump out of the tree or realize that they can get down by going tail first. Therefore, a cat up a tree is usually nothing to worry about unless it is injured; they are intelligent animals and will find out how to get down sooner or later.
【语篇解读】　猫为什么喜欢爬树？作者从几个方面分析了原因。
1．In most cases, cats climb trees in order to ________.
A．have fun B．seek food
C．defend themselves D．please their owners
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“There are several reasons why cats climb trees, most of which have to do with defensive purposes”可知，猫爬树的主要原因是保护自己。故选C。
2．What does the underlined word “disguise” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Find out. B．Focus on.
C．Make clear. D．Cover up.
答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据后面的定语从句“which can prevent their prey from noticing that there is a cat nearby”可知，猫爬树的目的在于伪装自己的存在，以免被自己的猎物发现。故选D。
3．Why do people want to buy cat trees?
A．To train their cats in climbing.
B．To help protect their furniture.
C．To improve their cats' climbing abilities.
D．To keep their cats warm in winter.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“To prevent them from practicing indoor climbing on your furniture, however, owners may wish to buy a cat tree (猫爬架) for them to climb”可知，主人为了保护自己的家具不被猫爬来爬去，而去买cat tree让猫爬着玩。故选B。
4．Seeing your cat up a tree, you are supposed to ________.
A．just take it easy
B．lead it down slowly
C．feed some food to it at once
D．keep an eye on it all the time
答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的描述可知，看到猫在树上，不必担心，它总会想到办法下来的。故选A。
Ⅳ.完形填空
After work one day, I grabbed a pizza for dinner at the mall. As I was heading home, I saw a girl sitting in a corner of the mall. Her hair covered her face and her body was __1__. I determined to walk past her __2__ that's what we often do. But something made me turn __3__. I learned about her age, and why she begged for money and lived on the streets. Her parents __4__ years ago and she suffered from a serious skin disease. She was __5__ to work because of her disability and had to live in the safest place she could __6__. She had stayed in shelters in the past, but was treated __7__. She had to seek shelter from the mall to keep __8__ on cold days, but even the mall she said wasn't __9__ because the security guard always threw her out.
I'm one of those people who used to believe there was a system of __10__ to help her. Ideally, I would like to believe in that. I used to think maybe one day I would __11__ “them”. Maybe one day I would win the lottery. But when I __12__ that girl, I thought to myself, what if no one ever helped her? What if this so called __13__ system that I believed in didn't even know or __14__ her existence? What if I didn't __15__ any money? What if she was not going to be around long enough to __16__ that “one day”？
I didn't really think about what happened next. I __17__ my dinner with her and gave her all the money I had. When security guards came, I talked them into assisting her __18__ driving her away like they usually did.
Don't __19__ one day to come before you help someone. Now is that one day — not tomorrow, not next week. If you can do something to ease someone else's __20__， don't wait for that distant one day. Be the one day. Be it now.
【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文，是生活哲理类文章。本文作者通过自己的亲身经历，说明了这样一个道理：如果你可以做一些事情来减轻别人的苦难，马上去做，而不要等到遥远的未来的某一天再去做。
1．A.hot B．heavy
C．weak D．wet
答案与解析：C　考查形容词。由and she suffered from a serious skin disease可知她的身体非常虚弱。
2．A.if B．when
C．till D．because
答案与解析：D　考查连词。我决定从她身边走过，因为我们经常那样做。if如果；when当……时候；till直到；because因为。
3．A.over B．back
C．away D．up
答案与解析：B　考查固定短语。由下文可知作者返回去了。turn back往回走，是固定短语。
4．A.returned B．removed
C．quarreled D．died
答案与解析：D　考查动词。由She had to seek shelter from the mall to keep __8__ on cold days...可知这个女孩居无定所，所以判断出她的父母应该是去世了。
5．A.eager B．ready
C．unable D．curious
答案与解析：C　考查形容词。由because of her disability可知她不能去工作。eager渴望的；ready准备好；unable不能；curious好奇的。
6．A.build B．discover
C．expect D．remember
答案与解析：B　考查动词。她不得不住在她所能发现的最安全的地方。
7．A.terribly B．normally
C．carefully D．patiently
答案与解析：A　考查副词。由She had to seek shelter from the mall to keep __8__ on cold days可推断出她在避难所被虐待。
8．A.calm B．wealthy
C．warm D．secret
答案与解析：C　考查形容词。由on cold days可知她在商场寻找暖和的地方。
9．A.quiet B．special
C．particular D．safe
答案与解析：D　由because the security guard always threw her out可知即使是商场对于她来说，也是不安全的。quiet安静的；special特殊的；particular特别的；safe安全的。
10．A.control B．support
C．decoration D．communication
答案与解析：B　考查名词。control控制；support供养；decoration装饰；communication交流，根据语境可知选B。
11．A.respect B．watch
C．help D．encourage
答案与解析：C　考查动词。由what if no one ever helped her？可知我过去常常认为可能有一天，我会帮助她。
12．A.accepted B．introduced
C．persuaded D．noticed
答案与解析：D　考查动词。但是当我注意到那个女孩，我想，假使没有人帮助她将会怎么样。
13．A.foolish B．perfect
C．simple D．educational
答案与解析：B　考查形容词。许多人想象中的救助系统很完美。foolish愚蠢的；perfect完美的；simple简单的；educational教育的。
14．A.care about B．talk about
C．write about D．argue about
答案与解析：A　考查动词短语。这个救助系统不知道或是不关心她的存在。care about关心。
15．A.lose B．lend
C．win D．waste
答案与解析：C　考查动词。由Maybe one day I would win the lottery，可知此处指假使我没有赢得一些钱将会怎么样。
16．A.admit B．imagine
C．choose D．see
答案与解析：D　考查动词。假使她看不到那天怎么办。
17．A.cooked B．shared
C．ordered D．prepared
答案与解析：B　考查动词。我和她分享了我的晚餐，并且把我身上的钱都给了她。
18．A.along with B．as for
C．except for D．instead of
答案与解析：D　考查固定短语。当保安过去的时候，我告诉他们要帮助她，而不是像往常一样驱赶她。
19．A.worry about B．laugh at
C．wait for D．begin with
答案与解析：C　考查固定短语。由Now is that one day — not tomorrow, not next week.可知不要等待那一天的到来。
20．A.sickness B．suffering
C．nervousness D．loneliness
答案与解析：B　考查名词。如果你可以做一些事情来减轻别人的苦难，那么不要等到遥远的未来的某一天再去做。sickness疾病；suffering苦难；nervousness紧张；loneliness孤独。
Ⅴ.短文改错
I just come back from Britain last week. I was luckily enough to be one of the student from different countries to visit the UK from Feb. 16 to 28. We paid a visit to many places, like London, Oxford or the Lake District. I learned much about British culture and history in London, where are my favorite. I also like Oxford, in which I saw much old buildings. The Lake District is beautiful, but it was pity that it rained heavily when they were there. The most excited thing for me in the Britain was that I made a lot of friends there.
答案：
I just  back from Britain last week. I was  enough to be one of the  from different countries to visit the UK from Feb. 16 to 28. We paid a visit to many places, like London, Oxford  the Lake District. I learned much about British culture and history in London,  are my favorite. I also like Oxford, in which I saw  old buildings. The Lake District is beautiful, but it was  pity that it rained heavily when  were there. The most  thing for me in Britain was that I made a lot of friends there.
①答案与解析：come→came　根据时间状语“last week”可知，句子应用一般过去时。故将come改为came。
②答案与解析：luckily→lucky　系动词was后面跟形容词lucky作表语。故将luckily改为lucky。
③答案与解析：student→students　one of the后面跟可数名词的复数形式，表示“……之一”。故将students改为students。
④答案与解析：or→and　此处列举了作者去的几个地方，表并列。故将or改为and。
⑤答案与解析：where→which　此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是British culture and history，关系词在从句中作主语。故将where改为which。
⑥答案与解析：much→many　后面的“old buildings”是可数名词的复数形式。故将much改为many。
⑦答案与解析：pity前加a　it is a pity that...是固定句式，指“真遗憾……”，冠词a不可省。
⑧答案与解析：they→we　文章在讲述“我们”的伦敦之旅。故将they改为we。
⑨答案与解析：excited→exciting　修饰事物应该用-ing结尾的形容词，此处指“令人兴奋的事情”。故将excited改为exciting。
⑩答案与解析：删去in后的the　表示国家的名词前不需要用冠词the。故删去in后的the。

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